/ip_arp_udp_tcp.c

/*********************************************
 * vim:sw=8:ts=8:si:et
 * To use the above modeline in vim you must have "set modeline" in your .vimrc
 *
 * Author: Guido Socher 
 * Copyright: GPL V2
 * See http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html
 *
 * IP, Arp, UDP and TCP functions.
 *
 * The TCP implementation uses some size optimisations which are valid
 * only if all data can be sent in one single packet. This is however
 * not a big limitation for a microcontroller as you will anyhow use
 * small web-pages. The TCP stack is therefore a SDP-TCP stack (single data packet TCP).
 *
 * Chip type           : ATMEGA88 with ENC28J60
 *********************************************/
#include <avr/io.h>
#include <avr/pgmspace.h>
#include "avr_compat.h"
#include "net.h"
#include "enc28j60.h"

static uint8_t wwwport=80;
static uint8_t macaddr[6];
static uint8_t ipaddr[4];
static int16_t info_hdr_len=0;
static int16_t info_data_len=0;
static uint8_t seqnum=0xa; // my initial tcp sequence number

// The Ip checksum is calculated over the ip header only starting
// with the header length field and a total length of 20 bytes
// unitl ip.dst
// You must set the IP checksum field to zero before you start
// the calculation.
// len for ip is 20.
//
// For UDP/TCP we do not make up the required pseudo header. Instead we 
// use the ip.src and ip.dst fields of the real packet:
// The udp checksum calculation starts with the ip.src field
// Ip.src=4bytes,Ip.dst=4 bytes,Udp header=8bytes + data length=16+len
// In other words the len here is 8 + length over which you actually
// want to calculate the checksum.
// You must set the checksum field to zero before you start
// the calculation.
// len for udp is: 8 + 8 + data length
// len for tcp is: 4+4 + 20 + option len + data length
//
// For more information on how this algorithm works see:
// http://www.netfor2.com/checksum.html
// http://www.msc.uky.edu/ken/cs471/notes/chap3.htm
// The RFC has also a C code example: http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc1071.html
uint16_t checksum(uint8_t *buf, uint16_t len,uint8_t type){
        // type 0=ip 
        //      1=udp
        //      2=tcp
        uint32_t sum = 0;

        //if(type==0){
        //        // do not add anything
        //}
        if(type==1){
                sum+=IP_PROTO_UDP_V; // protocol udp
                // the length here is the length of udp (data+header len)
                // =length given to this function - (IP.scr+IP.dst length)
                sum+=len-8; // = real tcp len
        }
        if(type==2){
                sum+=IP_PROTO_TCP_V; 
                // the length here is the length of tcp (data+header len)
                // =length given to this function - (IP.scr+IP.dst length)
                sum+=len-8; // = real tcp len
        }
        // build the sum of 16bit words
        while(len >1){
                sum += 0xFFFF & (((uint32_t)*buf<<8)|*(buf+1));
                buf+=2;
                len-=2;
        }
        // if there is a byte left then add it (padded with zero)
        if (len){
                   sum += ((uint32_t)(0xFF & *buf))<<8;
        }
        // now calculate the sum over the bytes in the sum
        // until the result is only 16bit long
        while (sum>>16){
                sum = (sum & 0xFFFF)+(sum >> 16);
        }
        // build 1's complement:
        return( (uint16_t) sum ^ 0xFFFF);
}

// you must call this function once before you use any of the other functions:
void init_ip_arp_udp_tcp(uint8_t *mymac,uint8_t *myip,uint8_t wwwp){
        uint8_t i=0;
        wwwport=wwwp;
        while(i<4){
                ipaddr[i]=myip[i];
                i++;
        }
        i=0;
        while(i<6){
                macaddr[i]=mymac[i];
                i++;
        }
}

uint8_t eth_type_is_arp_and_my_ip(uint8_t *buf,uint16_t len){
        uint8_t i=0;
        //  
        if (len<41){
                return(0);
        }
        if(buf[ETH_TYPE_H_P] != ETHTYPE_ARP_H_V || 
           buf[ETH_TYPE_L_P] != ETHTYPE_ARP_L_V){
                return(0);
        }
        while(i<4){
                if(buf[ETH_ARP_DST_IP_P+i] != ipaddr[i]){
                        return(0);
                }
                i++;
        }
        return(1);
}

uint8_t eth_type_is_ip_and_my_ip(uint8_t *buf,uint16_t len){
        uint8_t i=0;
        //eth+ip+udp header is 42
        if (len<42){
                return(0);
        }
        if(buf[ETH_TYPE_H_P]!=ETHTYPE_IP_H_V || 
           buf[ETH_TYPE_L_P]!=ETHTYPE_IP_L_V){
                return(0);
        }
        if (buf[IP_HEADER_LEN_VER_P]!=0x45){
                // must be IP V4 and 20 byte header
                return(0);
        }
        while(i<4){
                if(buf[IP_DST_P+i]!=ipaddr[i]){
                        return(0);
                }
                i++;
        		

		}
        return(1);
}
// make a return eth header from a received eth packet
void make_eth(uint8_t *buf)
{
        uint8_t i=0;
        //
        //copy the destination mac from the source and fill my mac into src
        while(i<6){
                buf[ETH_DST_MAC +i]=buf[ETH_SRC_MAC +i];
                buf[ETH_SRC_MAC +i]=macaddr[i];
                i++;
        }
}
void fill_ip_hdr_checksum(uint8_t *buf)
{
        uint16_t ck;
        // clear the 2 byte checksum
        buf[IP_CHECKSUM_P]=0;
        buf[IP_CHECKSUM_P+1]=0;
        buf[IP_FLAGS_P]=0x40; // don't fragment
        buf[IP_FLAGS_P+1]=0;  // fragement offset
        buf[IP_TTL_P]=64; // ttl
        // calculate the checksum:
        ck=checksum(&buf[IP_P], IP_HEADER_LEN,0);
        buf[IP_CHECKSUM_P]=ck>>8;
        buf[IP_CHECKSUM_P+1]=ck& 0xff;
}

// make a return ip header from a received ip packet
void make_ip(uint8_t *buf)
{
        uint8_t i=0;
        while(i<4){
                buf[IP_DST_P+i]=buf[IP_SRC_P+i];
                buf[IP_SRC_P+i]=ipaddr[i];
                i++;
        }

		

		i=0;

		

		while(i<4){

			USART0_Transmit(buf[IP_DST_P+i]);

			USART0_Transmit();

			i++;

		}
        

		fill_ip_hdr_checksum(buf);


}

// make a return tcp header from a received tcp packet
// rel_ack_num is how much we must step the seq number received from the
// other side. We do not send more than 255 bytes of text (=data) in the tcp packet.
// If mss=1 then mss is included in the options list
//
// After calling this function you can fill in the first data byte at TCP_OPTIONS_P+4
// If cp_seq=0 then an initial sequence number is used (should be use in synack)
// otherwise it is copied from the packet we received
void make_tcphead(uint8_t *buf,uint16_t rel_ack_num,uint8_t mss,uint8_t cp_seq)
{
        uint8_t i=0;
        uint8_t tseq;
        while(i<2){
                buf[TCP_DST_PORT_H_P+i]=buf[TCP_SRC_PORT_H_P+i];
                buf[TCP_SRC_PORT_H_P+i]=0; // clear source port
                i++;
        }
        // set source port  (http):
        buf[TCP_SRC_PORT_L_P]=wwwport;
        i=4;
        // sequence numbers:
        // add the rel ack num to SEQACK
        while(i>0){
                rel_ack_num=buf[TCP_SEQ_H_P+i-1]+rel_ack_num;
                tseq=buf[TCP_SEQACK_H_P+i-1];
                buf[TCP_SEQACK_H_P+i-1]=0xff&rel_ack_num;
                if (cp_seq){
                        // copy the acknum sent to us into the sequence number
                        buf[TCP_SEQ_H_P+i-1]=tseq;
                }else{
                        buf[TCP_SEQ_H_P+i-1]= 0; // some preset vallue
                }
                rel_ack_num=rel_ack_num>>8;
                i--;
        }
        if (cp_seq==0){
                // put inital seq number
                buf[TCP_SEQ_H_P+0]= 0;
                buf[TCP_SEQ_H_P+1]= 0;
                // we step only the second byte, this allows us to send packts 
                // with 255 bytes or 512 (if we step the initial seqnum by 2)
                buf[TCP_SEQ_H_P+2]= seqnum; 
                buf[TCP_SEQ_H_P+3]= 0;
                // step the inititial seq num by something we will not use
                // during this tcp session:
                seqnum+=2;
        }
        // zero the checksum
        buf[TCP_CHECKSUM_H_P]=0;
        buf[TCP_CHECKSUM_L_P]=0;

        // The tcp header length is only a 4 bit field (the upper 4 bits).
        // It is calculated in units of 4 bytes. 
        // E.g 24 bytes: 24/4=6 => 0x60=header len field
        //buf[TCP_HEADER_LEN_P]=(((TCP_HEADER_LEN_PLAIN+4)/4)) <<4; // 0x60
        if (mss){
                // the only option we set is MSS to 1408:
                // 1408 in hex is 0x580
                buf[TCP_OPTIONS_P]=2;
                buf[TCP_OPTIONS_P+1]=4;
                buf[TCP_OPTIONS_P+2]=0x05; 
                buf[TCP_OPTIONS_P+3]=0x80;
                // 24 bytes:
                buf[TCP_HEADER_LEN_P]=0x60;
        }else{
                // no options:
                // 20 bytes:
                buf[TCP_HEADER_LEN_P]=0x50;
        }
}

void make_arp_answer_from_request(uint8_t *buf)
{
        uint8_t i=0;
        //
        make_eth(buf);
        buf[ETH_ARP_OPCODE_H_P]=ETH_ARP_OPCODE_REPLY_H_V;
        buf[ETH_ARP_OPCODE_L_P]=ETH_ARP_OPCODE_REPLY_L_V;
        // fill the mac addresses:
        while(i<6){
                buf[ETH_ARP_DST_MAC_P+i]=buf[ETH_ARP_SRC_MAC_P+i];
                buf[ETH_ARP_SRC_MAC_P+i]=macaddr[i];
                i++;
        }
        i=0;
        while(i<4){
                buf[ETH_ARP_DST_IP_P+i]=buf[ETH_ARP_SRC_IP_P+i];
                buf[ETH_ARP_SRC_IP_P+i]=ipaddr[i];
                i++;
        }
        // eth+arp is 42 bytes:
        enc28j60PacketSend(42,buf); 
}

void make_echo_reply_from_request(uint8_t *buf,uint16_t len)
{
        make_eth(buf);
        make_ip(buf);
        buf[ICMP_TYPE_P]=ICMP_TYPE_ECHOREPLY_V;
        // we changed only the icmp.type field from request(=8) to reply(=0).
        // we can therefore easily correct the checksum:
        if (buf[ICMP_CHECKSUM_P] > (0xff-0x08)){
                buf[ICMP_CHECKSUM_P+1]++;
        }
        buf[ICMP_CHECKSUM_P]+=0x08;
        //
        enc28j60PacketSend(len,buf);
}


/*
// you can send a max of 220 bytes of data
void make_udp_reply_from_request(uint8_t *buf,char *data,uint8_t datalen,uint16_t port)
{
        uint8_t i=0;
        uint16_t ck;
        make_eth(buf);
        if (datalen>220){
                datalen=220;
        }
        // total length field in the IP header must be set:
        buf[IP_TOTLEN_H_P]=0;
        buf[IP_TOTLEN_L_P]=IP_HEADER_LEN+UDP_HEADER_LEN+datalen;
        make_ip(buf);
        // send to port:
        //buf[UDP_DST_PORT_H_P]=port>>8;
        //buf[UDP_DST_PORT_L_P]=port & 0xff;
        // sent to port of sender and use "port" as own source:
        buf[UDP_DST_PORT_H_P]=buf[UDP_SRC_PORT_H_P];
        buf[UDP_DST_PORT_L_P]= buf[UDP_SRC_PORT_L_P];
        buf[UDP_SRC_PORT_H_P]=port>>8;
        buf[UDP_SRC_PORT_L_P]=port & 0xff;
        // calculte the udp length:
        buf[UDP_LEN_H_P]=0;
        buf[UDP_LEN_L_P]=UDP_HEADER_LEN+datalen;
        // zero the checksum
        buf[UDP_CHECKSUM_H_P]=0;
        buf[UDP_CHECKSUM_L_P]=0;
        // copy the data:
        while(i<datalen){
                buf[UDP_DATA_P+i]=data[i];
                i++;
        }
        ck=checksum(&buf[IP_SRC_P], 16 + datalen,1);
        buf[UDP_CHECKSUM_H_P]=ck>>8;
        buf[UDP_CHECKSUM_L_P]=ck& 0xff;
        enc28j60PacketSend(UDP_HEADER_LEN+IP_HEADER_LEN+ETH_HEADER_LEN+datalen,buf);
}

*/

void make_tcp_synack_from_syn(uint8_t *buf)
{
        uint16_t ck;
        make_eth(buf);
        // total length field in the IP header must be set:
        // 20 bytes IP + 24 bytes (20tcp+4tcp options)
        buf[IP_TOTLEN_H_P]=0;
        buf[IP_TOTLEN_L_P]=IP_HEADER_LEN+TCP_HEADER_LEN_PLAIN+4;
        make_ip(buf);
        buf[TCP_FLAGS_P]=TCP_FLAGS_SYNACK_V;
        make_tcphead(buf,1,1,0);
        // calculate the checksum, len=8 (start from ip.src) + TCP_HEADER_LEN_PLAIN + 4 (one option: mss)
        ck=checksum(&buf[IP_SRC_P], 8+TCP_HEADER_LEN_PLAIN+4,2);
        buf[TCP_CHECKSUM_H_P]=ck>>8;
        buf[TCP_CHECKSUM_L_P]=ck& 0xff;
        // add 4 for option mss:
        enc28j60PacketSend(IP_HEADER_LEN+TCP_HEADER_LEN_PLAIN+4+ETH_HEADER_LEN,buf);
}

// get a pointer to the start of tcp data in buf
// Returns 0 if there is no data
// You must call init_len_info once before calling this function
uint16_t get_tcp_data_pointer(void)
{
        if (info_data_len){
                return((uint16_t)TCP_SRC_PORT_H_P+info_hdr_len);
        }else{
                return(0);
        }
}

// do some basic length calculations and store the result in static varibales
void init_len_info(uint8_t *buf)
{
        info_data_len=(((int16_t)buf[IP_TOTLEN_H_P])<<8)|(buf[IP_TOTLEN_L_P]&0xff);
        info_data_len-=IP_HEADER_LEN;
        info_hdr_len=(buf[TCP_HEADER_LEN_P]>>4)*4; // generate len in bytes;
        info_data_len-=info_hdr_len;
        if (info_data_len<=0){
                info_data_len=0;
        }
}

// fill in tcp data at position pos. pos=0 means start of
// tcp data. Returns the position at which the string after
// this string could be filled.
uint16_t fill_tcp_data_p(uint8_t *buf,uint16_t pos, const prog_char *progmem_s)
{
        char c;
        // fill in tcp data at position pos
        //
        // with no options the data starts after the checksum + 2 more bytes (urgent ptr)
        while ((c = pgm_read_byte(progmem_s++))) {
                buf[TCP_CHECKSUM_L_P+3+pos]=c;
                pos++;
        }
        return(pos);
}

// fill in tcp data at position pos. pos=0 means start of
// tcp data. Returns the position at which the string after
// this string could be filled.
uint16_t fill_tcp_data(uint8_t *buf,uint16_t pos, const char *s)
{
        // fill in tcp data at position pos
        //
        // with no options the data starts after the checksum + 2 more bytes (urgent ptr)
        while (*s) {
                buf[TCP_CHECKSUM_L_P+3+pos]=*s;
                pos++;
                s++;
        }
        return(pos);
}



uint16_t fill_tcp_data_var(uint8_t *buf,uint16_t pos, char *s)
{
        // fill in tcp data at position pos
        //
        // with no options the data starts after the checksum + 2 more bytes (urgent ptr)
        while (*s) {
                buf[TCP_CHECKSUM_L_P+3+pos]=*s;
                pos++;
                s++;
        }
        return(pos);
}







// Make just an ack packet with no tcp data inside
// This will modify the eth/ip/tcp header 
void make_tcp_ack_from_any(uint8_t *buf)
{
        uint16_t j;
        make_eth(buf);
        // fill the header:
        buf[TCP_FLAGS_P]=TCP_FLAGS_ACK_V;
        if (info_data_len==0){
                // if there is no data then we must still acknoledge one packet
                make_tcphead(buf,1,0,1); // no options
        }else{
                make_tcphead(buf,info_data_len,0,1); // no options
        }

        // total length field in the IP header must be set:
        // 20 bytes IP + 20 bytes tcp (when no options) 
        j=IP_HEADER_LEN+TCP_HEADER_LEN_PLAIN;
        buf[IP_TOTLEN_H_P]=j>>8;
        buf[IP_TOTLEN_L_P]=j& 0xff;
        make_ip(buf);
        // calculate the checksum, len=8 (start from ip.src) + TCP_HEADER_LEN_PLAIN + data len
        j=checksum(&buf[IP_SRC_P], 8+TCP_HEADER_LEN_PLAIN,2);
        buf[TCP_CHECKSUM_H_P]=j>>8;
        buf[TCP_CHECKSUM_L_P]=j& 0xff;
        enc28j60PacketSend(IP_HEADER_LEN+TCP_HEADER_LEN_PLAIN+ETH_HEADER_LEN,buf);
}

// you must have called init_len_info at some time before calling this function
// dlen is the amount of tcp data (http data) we send in this packet
// You can use this function only immediately after make_tcp_ack_from_any
// This is because this function will NOT modify the eth/ip/tcp header except for
// length and checksum
void make_tcp_ack_with_data(uint8_t *buf,uint16_t dlen)
{
        uint16_t j;
        // fill the header:
        // This code requires that we send only one data packet
        // because we keep no state information. We must therefore set
        // the fin here:
        buf[TCP_FLAGS_P]=TCP_FLAGS_ACK_V|TCP_FLAGS_PUSH_V|TCP_FLAGS_FIN_V;

        // total length field in the IP header must be set:
        // 20 bytes IP + 20 bytes tcp (when no options) + len of data
        j=IP_HEADER_LEN+TCP_HEADER_LEN_PLAIN+dlen;
        buf[IP_TOTLEN_H_P]=j>>8;
        buf[IP_TOTLEN_L_P]=j& 0xff;
        fill_ip_hdr_checksum(buf);
        // zero the checksum
        buf[TCP_CHECKSUM_H_P]=0;
        buf[TCP_CHECKSUM_L_P]=0;
        // calculate the checksum, len=8 (start from ip.src) + TCP_HEADER_LEN_PLAIN + data len
        j=checksum(&buf[IP_SRC_P], 8+TCP_HEADER_LEN_PLAIN+dlen,2);
        buf[TCP_CHECKSUM_H_P]=j>>8;
        buf[TCP_CHECKSUM_L_P]=j& 0xff;
        enc28j60PacketSend(IP_HEADER_LEN+TCP_HEADER_LEN_PLAIN+dlen+ETH_HEADER_LEN,buf);
}

/* end of ip_arp_udp.c */