/wrfv2_fire/phys/module_fr_sfire_atm.F

Large files files are truncated, but you can click here to view the full file

!WRF:MEDIATION_LAYER:FIRE_MODEL

!*** Jan Mandel August 2007 - February 2010
!*** email: Jan.Mandel@gmail.com

! Routines dealing with the atmosphere

module module_fr_sfire_atm

use module_model_constants, only: cp,xlv,g
use module_fr_sfire_phys, only: fire_wind_height,have_fuel_cats,fcz0,fcwh,nfuelcats,no_fuel_cat,no_fuel_cat2,windrf
use module_fr_sfire_util
USE module_dm , only : wrf_dm_sum_reals


use module_fr_sfire_phys, only:  mfuelcats, nfuelcats    ! for emissions
USE module_state_description, only: num_tracer
use module_fr_sfire_phys, only: fuel_name

#ifdef WRF_CHEM
USE module_state_description, only: num_chem
USE module_configure, only: &
p_co,  &
p_ch4, &
p_h2, &
p_no,  &
p_no2,  &
p_so2,  &
p_nh3,  &
p_p25,  &
p_p25i, &
p_p25j, &
p_oc1,  &
p_oc2,  &
p_bc1,  &
p_bc2,  &
p_ald,  &
p_csl,  &
p_eth,  &
p_hc3,  &
p_hc5,  &
p_hcho,  &
p_iso,  &
p_ket,  &
p_mgly,  &
p_ol2,  &
p_olt, &
p_oli, &
p_ora2,&
p_tol, &
p_xyl, &
p_bigalk, &
p_bigene, &
p_c10h16, &
p_c2h4, &
p_c2h5oh, &
p_c2h6, &
p_c3h6, &
p_c3h8, &
p_ch3cooh, &
p_ch3oh, &
p_cres, &
p_glyald, &
! p_hyac, &
p_isopr, &
p_macr, &
p_mek, &
p_mvk, &
p_smoke   ! tracer smoke exists only with CHEM
#endif

USE module_state_description, only: &
p_tr17_1, &
p_tr17_2, &
p_tr17_3, &
p_tr17_4, &
p_tr17_5, &
p_tr17_6, &
p_tr17_7, &
p_tr17_8

implicit none

#ifndef WRF_CHEM
integer, parameter, private:: num_chem=0
#endif

logical, save :: have_wind_log_interpolation = .false.  ! status

! emission tables
REAL, dimension(mfuelcats), save:: &
co=0.,  &
ch4=0., &
h2=0., &
no=0.,  &
no2=0.,  &
so2=0.,  &
nh3=0.,  &
oc1=0.,  &
oc2=0.,  &
bc1=0.,  &
bc2=0.,  &
ald=0.,  &
csl=0.,  &
eth=0.,  &
hc3=0.,  &
p25=0., &
p25i=0., &
p25j=0., &
hc5=0.,  &
hcho=0.,  &
iso=0.,  &
ket=0.,  &
mgly=0.,  &
ol2=0., &
olt=0., &
oli=0., &
ora2=0.,&
tol=0., &
xyl=0., &
bigalk=0., &
bigene=0., &
c10h16=0., &
c2h4=0., &
c2h5oh=0., &
c2h6=0., &
c3h6=0., &
c3h8=0., &
ch3cooh=0., &
ch3oh=0., &
cres=0., &
glyald=0., &
! hyac=0., &
isopr=0., &
macr=0., &
mek=0., &
mvk=0., &
smoke=0., &
tr17_1=0., &
tr17_2=0., &
tr17_3=0., &
tr17_4=0., &
tr17_5=0., &
tr17_6=0., &
tr17_7=0., &
tr17_8=0.

real, parameter:: & ! reciprocal molecular weights  (mol/g)
             imw_co    = 1./28.010,&
             imw_ch4   = 1./16.04,&
             imw_h2    = 1./2.016,&
             imw_no    = 1./30.006,&
             imw_no2   = 1./46.006,& 
             imw_so2   = 1./64.066,&
             imw_nh3   = 1./17.031    

real, parameter:: mw_air=28.97   ! molecular weight of air g/mol

! should be declared in the registry and stored in the state in future because of restarts

real, pointer, save, dimension(:)::c_chem
real, pointer, save, dimension(:)::c_fuel
real, pointer, save, dimension(:)::c_tracer
logical, save:: emis_read = .false.
integer, save:: msglevel =1,printsums=0 ! when to print sums
integer, parameter:: line=5 ! number of species, emissions, etc. per line

contains

! chem arrays are chem tracer
! indices p_species are generated in inc/scalar_indices.inc and included in frame/module_configure.F

subroutine read_emissions_table(chem_opt,tracer_opt)
   implicit none
   integer, intent(in)::chem_opt,tracer_opt
   logical, external:: wrf_dm_on_monitor
   external::wrf_dm_bcast_integer , wrf_dm_bcast_real
   integer, dimension(10)::compatible_chem_opt
   integer:: iounit,ierr,i
   character(len=128)::msg
   namelist/emissions/ compatible_chem_opt, printsums, &
co,  &
ch4, &
h2, &
no,  &
no2,  &
so2,  &
nh3,  &
p25, &
p25i, &
p25j, &
oc1,  &
oc2,  &
bc1,  &
bc2,  &
ald,  &
csl,  &
eth,  &
hc3,  &
hc5,  &
hcho,  &
iso,  &
ket,  &
mgly,  &
ol2, &
olt, &
oli, &
ora2,&
tol, &
xyl, &
bigalk, &
bigene, &
c10h16, &
c2h4, &
c2h5oh, &
c2h6, &
c3h6, &
c3h8, &
ch3cooh, &
ch3oh, &
cres, &
glyald, &
! hyac, &
isopr, &
macr, &
mek, &
mvk, &
smoke, &
tr17_1, &
tr17_2, &
tr17_3, &
tr17_4, &
tr17_5, &
tr17_6, &
tr17_7, &
tr17_8

!$  if (OMP_GET_THREAD_NUM() .ne. 0)then
!$     call crash('read_emissions_table: must be called from master thread')
!$  endif

IF ( wrf_dm_on_monitor() ) THEN
    ! we are the master task

    iounit=open_text_file('namelist.fire_emissions','read')
    compatible_chem_opt=0
    read(iounit,emissions,iostat=ierr)
    if(ierr.ne.0)call crash('read_emissions_table: error reading namelist emissions in file namelist.fire_emissions')
    CLOSE(iounit)
    write(msg,'(a,i3,a)')'reading emissions table for',nfuelcats,' fuel categories'
    call message(msg,level=0)
    if (.not.any(compatible_chem_opt.eq.chem_opt))then
        write(msg,'(a,i4,a)')'read_emissions_table: chem_opt=',chem_opt,' not between given compatible_chem_opt in namelist.fire_emissions'
        call  message(msg,level=0)
        write(msg,'(a,10i4)')'compatible_chem_opt=', compatible_chem_opt
        call  message(msg,level=0)
        call crash('chem_opt in namelist.input is not consistent with namelist.fire_emissions')
    endif
ENDIF
call wrf_dm_bcast_integer(printsums, 1)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(co,  nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(ch4,  nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(h2,  nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(no,  nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(no2,  nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(so2,  nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(nh3,  nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(p25,  nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(p25i,  nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(p25j,  nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(oc1,  nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(oc2,  nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(bc1,  nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(bc2,  nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(ald,  nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(csl,  nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(eth,  nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(hc3,  nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(hc5,  nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(hcho,  nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(iso,  nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(ket,  nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(mgly,  nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(ol2, nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(olt, nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(oli, nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(ora2,nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(tol, nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(xyl, nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(bigalk, nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(bigene, nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(c10h16, nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(c2h4, nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(c2h5oh, nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(c2h6, nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(c3h6, nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(c3h8, nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(ch3cooh, nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(ch3oh, nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(cres, nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(glyald, nfuelcats)
! call wrf_dm_bcast_real(hyac, nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(isopr, nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(macr, nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(mek, nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(mvk, nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(smoke, nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(tr17_1, nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(tr17_2, nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(tr17_3, nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(tr17_4, nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(tr17_5, nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(tr17_6, nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(tr17_7, nfuelcats)
call wrf_dm_bcast_real(tr17_8, nfuelcats)

if(fire_print_msg .ge. msglevel .and.printsums .gt. 0)then
   ! should be stored in the registry future because of restarts
   write(msg,'(3(a,i3,1x))')'allocating c_chem size',num_chem,'c_tracer size',num_tracer,'c_fuel size',nfuelcats
   call message(msg,level=2)
   if(num_chem>0)then
      allocate(c_chem(num_chem))
      c_chem=0.  ! cumulative burnt
   endif
   if(num_tracer>0)then
      allocate(c_tracer(num_tracer))
      c_tracer=0.  ! cumulative burnt
   endif
   allocate(c_fuel(nfuelcats))
   c_fuel=0.  ! total per timestep, rate burnt, cumulative burnt
   write(msg,'(a,i3,a,i3)')'allocated c_chem size',size(c_chem),' c_fuel size',size(c_fuel)
   call message(msg,level=2)
endif

emis_read=.true.

end subroutine read_emissions_table

subroutine add_fire_emissions(chem_opt,tracer_opt,dt,dx,dy,      &
       ifms,ifme,jfms,jfme,    &
       ifts,ifte,jtfs,jfte,    &
       ids,ide,kds,kde,jds,jde,          &
       ims,ime,kms,kme,jms,jme,          &
       its,ite,kts,kte,jts,jte,          &
       rho,dz8w,                         & ! input on atmosphere mesh 
       fgip, fuel_frac_burnt, nfuel_cat, & ! input on fire mesh
       chem,tracer)                        ! output


implicit none

!*** purpose
! average fire emissions from fire mesh to coarser atmosphereic mesh and add to chemistry arrays

!*** arguments
! the dimensions are in cells, not nodes!

! input
integer, intent(in)::chem_opt,tracer_opt
real, intent(in):: dt,dx,dy                                           ! time step & mesh spacing
integer, intent(in)::its,ite,kts,kte,jts,jte,ims,ime,kms,kme,jms,jme &! atm grid dims
       ,ids,ide,kds,kde,jds,jde          
integer, intent(in)::ifts,ifte,jtfs,jfte,ifms,ifme,jfms,jfme          ! fire grid dims
real, intent(in)::rho(ims:ime,kms:kme,jms:jme),  &                ! air density  kg/m^3
                  dz8w(ims:ime,kms:kme,jms:jme)                       ! layer height
real, intent(in), dimension(ifms:ifme,jfms:jfme):: fgip, &            ! initial fuel load kg/m^2 
                                            fuel_frac_burnt, &        ! fuel fraction burned this step kg/kg
                                            nfuel_cat                 ! fuel category (Anderson= 1 to 13)
! update
real, intent(inout)::chem(ims:ime,kms:kme,jms:jme,num_chem),tracer(ims:ime,kms:kme,jms:jme,num_tracer)

!*** local
integer:: i,i_f,j,j_f,ir,jr,isz1,isz2,jsz1,jsz2,ioff,joff,ibase,jbase,cat,k1,areaw,m,k,k_p,errors
real::fuel_burnt,vol,air,conv, avgw,emis 
character(len=128)msg

real, dimension(mfuelcats)::s_fuel,t_fuel,r_fuel  ! total per timestep, rate burnt
#ifdef WRF_CHEM
real, dimension(num_chem) ::s_chem,t_chem,r_chem  ! total per timestep, rate burnt
real, dimension(num_chem) ::a_chem,g_chem  ! concentration in ground level 1 
integer, parameter:: chem_np=46
integer:: chem_pointers(chem_np)
character(len=8)::chem_names(chem_np)
#endif
real, dimension(num_tracer) ::s_tracer,t_tracer,r_tracer  ! total per timestep, rate burnt

integer, parameter:: tracer_np=8
integer:: tracer_pointers(tracer_np)
character(len=8)::tracer_names(tracer_np)

!*** executable

!check mesh dimensions and domain dimensions
call check_mesh_2dim(its,ite,jts,jte,ims,ime,jms,jme)
call check_mesh_2dim(ifts,ifte,jtfs,jfte,ifms,ifme,jfms,jfme)

if(.not.emis_read)call crash('add_fire_emissions: read_emissions_table must be called first') 
write(msg,'(a,i3,a,i3,a,i3)')'add_fire_emissions: chem_opt=',chem_opt,' species ',num_chem,' tracers',num_tracer
call message(msg)

#ifdef WRF_CHEM
chem_pointers= (/ &
p_co,  &
p_ch4, &
p_h2, &
p_no,  &
p_no2,  &
p_so2,  &
p_nh3,  &
p_p25, &
p_p25i, &
p_p25j, &
p_oc1,  &
p_oc2,  &
p_bc1,  &
p_bc2,  &
p_ald,  &
p_csl,  &
p_eth,  &
p_hc3,  &
p_hc5,  &
p_hcho,  &
p_iso,  &
p_ket, &
p_mgly,  &
p_ol2,  &
p_olt, &
p_oli, &
p_ora2,&
p_tol, &
p_xyl, &
p_bigalk, &
p_bigene, &
p_c10h16, &
p_c2h4, &
p_c2h5oh, &
p_c2h6, &
p_c3h6, &
p_c3h8, &
p_ch3cooh, &
p_ch3oh, &
p_cres, &
p_glyald, &
! p_hyac, &
p_isopr, &
p_macr, &
p_mek, &
p_mvk, &
p_smoke /)

chem_names= (/ &
'co      ',  &
'ch4     ', &
'h2      ', &
'no      ',  &
'no2     ',  &
'so2     ',  &
'nh3     ',  &
'p25     ', &
'p25i    ', &
'p25j    ', &
'oc1     ',  &
'oc2     ',  &
'bc1     ',  &
'bc2     ',  &
'ald     ',  &
'csl     ',  &
'eth     ',  &
'hc3     ',  &
'hc5     ',  &
'hcho    ',  &
'iso     ',  &
'ket     ', &
'mgly    ',  &
'ol2     ',  &
'olt     ', &
'oli     ', &
'ora2    ',&
'tol     ', &
'xyl     ', &
'bigalk  ', &
'bigene  ', &
'c10h16  ', &
'c2h4    ', &
'c2h5oh  ', &
'c2h6    ', &
'c3h6    ', &
'c3h8    ', &
'ch3cooh ', &
'ch3oh   ', &
'cres    ', &
'glyald  ', &
! 'hyac     ', &
'isopr   ', &
'macr    ', &
'mek     ', &
'mvk     ', &
'smoke   ' /)

call check_pointers('chem',chem,chem_names,chem_pointers)
#endif

tracer_pointers= (/ &
p_tr17_1, &
p_tr17_2, &
p_tr17_3, &
p_tr17_4, &
p_tr17_5, &
p_tr17_6, &
p_tr17_7, &
p_tr17_8  /)

tracer_names= (/ &
'tr17_1  ', &
'tr17_2  ', &
'tr17_3  ', &
'tr17_4  ', &
'tr17_5  ', &
'tr17_6  ', &
'tr17_7  ', &
'tr17_8  ' /)

call check_pointers('tracer',tracer,tracer_names,tracer_pointers)

! compute mesh sizes
isz1 = ite-its+1
jsz1 = jte-jts+1
isz2 = ifte-ifts+1
jsz2 = jfte-jtfs+1


! check mesh sizes
if(isz1.le.0.or.jsz1.le.0.or.isz2.le.0.or.jsz2.le.0)then
    call message('all mesh sizes must be positive',level=0)
    goto 9
endif

! compute mesh ratios
ir=isz2/isz1
jr=jsz2/jsz1

if(isz2.ne.isz1*ir .or. jsz2.ne.jsz1*jr)then
    call message('input mesh size must be multiple of output mesh size',level=0)
    goto 9
endif

avgw = 1.0/(ir*jr)     ! averaging weight = 1/number of fire cells per atm cell

! initialize emissions statistics per timestep
#ifdef WRF_CHEM
t_chem = 0.
#endif
t_fuel = 0.
do i=1,num_tracer
   t_tracer(i)=0.
enddo

! conversion fuel_burnt kg/m^2 ->  chem_X 1e6*mol/mol
! emis_X(g/kg)*fuel_burnt(kg/m^2)/mw_X(g/mol) = emissions (mol/m^2)
! rho(kg/m^3)*dz8w(m))/mw_air(28.97e-3 kg/mol) = dry air in the 1st layer (mol/m^2)

k1 = kts 
write(msg,'(a,i3)')'Fire emissions inserted into atmosphere level',k1
call message(msg,level=msglevel)

#ifdef WRF_CHEM
if(fire_print_msg .ge. msglevel .and.printsums .gt. 0)then
    ! sum ground concentrations and check for nans
    a_chem=0.0
    g_chem=0.0
    errors=0
    do j=jts,jte
       do k=1,chem_np
          k_p=chem_pointers(k)
          do i=its,ite
             if(chem(i,k1,j,k_p ).ne.chem(i,k1,j,k_p ))errors=errors+1
             a_chem(k_p)=a_chem(k_p)+chem(i,k1,j,k_p )
          enddo
       enddo
    enddo
    if(errors>0)call crash('NaN before chem update')
    call wrf_dm_sum_reals(a_chem,g_chem)
    call message('Layer1 raw sums before adding fire emissions',level=msglevel)
    do i=1,chem_np,line
        m=min(i+line-1,chem_np)
        write(msg,80)'Emissions ',(trim(chem_names(j)),j=i,m)
        call message(msg,level=msglevel)
        write(msg,81)'Layer1 beg',(g_chem(chem_pointers(j)),j=i,m)
        call message(msg,level=msglevel)
        call message(' ',level=msglevel)
    enddo
endif
#endif

do j=max(jds+1,jts),min(jte,jde-1)          ! safe distance from domain boundary
    jbase=jtfs+jr*(j-jts)                   ! indexing
    do i=max(ids+1,its),min(ite,ide-1)
       ibase=ifts+ir*(i-its)                ! indexing
       !air = 1e6*mw_air/rho(i,kds,j)    ! 1e6*mw_air/air density 
       !vol = avgw/dz8w(i,kds,j)             ! averaging volume factor / 1st layer depth

       do joff=0,jr-1
           j_f=joff+jbase
           do ioff=0,ir-1
               i_f=ioff+ibase


               !*** fire cell (i_f,j_f) contributes to atmosphere cell (i,j) at ground level

               fuel_burnt = fgip(i_f,j_f) * fuel_frac_burnt(i_f,j_f) ! kg/m^2 
               cat = nfuel_cat(i_f, j_f)                       ! usually 1 to 13

               if(cat.lt.no_fuel_cat)t_fuel(cat)=t_fuel(cat) + fuel_burnt


               !*** chem compounds emissions given in g/kg

               ! fuel_burnt kg/m^2 *  table g/kg ->  ppmv = 1e6*mol/mol in 1st layer
!AK rho is in kg/m3 so the conversion factor must be scaled by a 1000 to match
!emissions in grams
!                conv = avgw*1e6*mw_air/(rho(i,k1,j)*dz8w(i,k1,j))
                 conv = avgw*1e3*mw_air/(rho(i,k1,j)*dz8w(i,k1,j))
#ifdef WRF_CHEM

               emis=co  (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell in g/m^2
               t_chem(p_co) = t_chem(p_co) + emis                           ! add to total
               ! if(isnan(chem(i,k1,j,p_co  )))call crash('NaN before')
               chem(i,k1,j,p_co  )=chem(i,k1,j,p_co  ) + emis*conv*imw_co   ! add to chem
               ! if(isnan(chem(i,k1,j,p_co  )))call crash('NaN after')

               emis=ch4  (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell in g/m^2
               t_chem(p_ch4) = t_chem(p_ch4) + emis                           ! add to total
               chem(i,k1,j,p_ch4  )=chem(i,k1,j,p_ch4  ) + emis*conv*imw_ch4   ! add to chem

               emis=h2  (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell in g/m^2
               t_chem(p_h2) = t_chem(p_h2) + emis                           ! add to total
               chem(i,k1,j,p_h2  )=chem(i,k1,j,p_h2  ) + emis*conv*imw_h2   ! add to chem

               emis=no  (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell in g/m^2
               t_chem(p_no) = t_chem(p_no) + emis                           ! add to total
               chem(i,k1,j,p_no  )=chem(i,k1,j,p_no  ) + emis*conv*imw_no   ! add to chem

               emis=no2 (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell in g/m^2
               t_chem(p_no2) = t_chem(p_no2) + emis                         ! add to total
               chem(i,k1,j,p_no2 )=chem(i,k1,j,p_no2 ) + emis*conv*imw_no2  ! add to chem

               emis=so2 (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell in g/m^2
               t_chem(p_so2) = t_chem(p_so2) + emis                         ! ads to total
               chem(i,k1,j,p_so2 )=chem(i,k1,j,p_so2 ) + emis*conv*imw_so2  ! add to chem

               emis=nh3 (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell in g/m^2
               t_chem(p_nh3) = t_chem(p_nh3) + emis                         ! add to total
               chem(i,k1,j,p_nh3 )=chem(i,k1,j,p_nh3 ) + emis*conv*imw_nh3  ! add to chem


               !*** other emissions already given in mol/kg
               ! fuel_burnt kg/m^2 *  table mol/kg -> ppmv = 1e6*mol/mol in 1st layer dry air in 1st layer  
                
               ! same conversion factor but we will not divide by the molecular weight of the compound
               ! conv = avgw*1e6*mw_air/(rho(i,kds,j)*dz8w(i,kds,j)) 

               emis=ald (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell
               t_chem(p_ald) = t_chem(p_ald) + emis                         ! add to total
               chem(i,k1,j,p_ald )=chem(i,k1,j,p_ald )+emis*conv

               emis=csl (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell
               t_chem(p_csl) = t_chem(p_csl) + emis                         ! add to total
               chem(i,k1,j,p_csl )=chem(i,k1,j,p_csl )+emis*conv

               emis=eth (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell
               t_chem(p_eth) = t_chem(p_eth) + emis                         ! add to total
               chem(i,k1,j,p_eth )=chem(i,k1,j,p_eth )+emis*conv

               emis=hc3 (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell
               t_chem(p_hc3) = t_chem(p_hc3) + emis                         ! add to total
               chem(i,k1,j,p_hc3 )=chem(i,k1,j,p_hc3 )+emis*conv

               emis=hc5 (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell
               t_chem(p_hc5) = t_chem(p_hc5) + emis                         ! add to total
               chem(i,k1,j,p_hc5 )=chem(i,k1,j,p_hc5 )+emis*conv

               emis=hcho (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell
               t_chem(p_hcho) = t_chem(p_hcho) + emis                         ! add to total
               chem(i,k1,j,p_hcho)=chem(i,k1,j,p_hcho)+emis*conv

               emis=iso (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell
               t_chem(p_iso) = t_chem(p_iso) + emis                         ! add to total
               chem(i,k1,j,p_iso )=chem(i,k1,j,p_iso )+emis*conv

               emis=ket (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell
               t_chem(p_ket) = t_chem(p_ket) + emis                         ! add to total
               chem(i,k1,j,p_ket )=chem(i,k1,j,p_ket )+emis*conv

               emis=mgly (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell
               t_chem(p_mgly) = t_chem(p_mgly) + emis                         ! add to total
               chem(i,k1,j,p_mgly)=chem(i,k1,j,p_mgly)+emis*conv

               emis=ol2 (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell
               t_chem(p_ol2) = t_chem(p_ol2) + emis                         ! add to total
               chem(i,k1,j,p_ol2 )=chem(i,k1,j,p_ol2 )+emis*conv

               emis=olt (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell
               t_chem(p_olt) = t_chem(p_olt) + emis                         ! add to total
               chem(i,k1,j,p_olt )=chem(i,k1,j,p_olt )+emis*conv

               emis=oli (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell
               t_chem(p_oli) = t_chem(p_oli) + emis                         ! add to total
               chem(i,k1,j,p_oli )=chem(i,k1,j,p_oli )+emis*conv

               emis=ora2 (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell
               t_chem(p_ora2) = t_chem(p_ora2) + emis                         ! add to total
               chem(i,k1,j,p_ora2)=chem(i,k1,j,p_ora2)+emis*conv

               emis=tol (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell
               t_chem(p_tol) = t_chem(p_tol) + emis                         ! add to total
               chem(i,k1,j,p_tol )=chem(i,k1,j,p_tol )+emis*conv

               emis=xyl (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell
               t_chem(p_xyl) = t_chem(p_xyl) + emis                         ! add to total
               chem(i,k1,j,p_xyl )=chem(i,k1,j,p_xyl )+emis*conv

               emis=bigalk (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell
               t_chem(p_bigalk) = t_chem(p_bigalk) + emis                         ! add to total
               chem(i,k1,j,p_bigalk )=chem(i,k1,j,p_bigalk )+emis*conv

               emis=bigene (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell
               t_chem(p_bigene) = t_chem(p_bigene) + emis                         ! add to total
               chem(i,k1,j,p_bigene )=chem(i,k1,j,p_bigene )+emis*conv

               emis=c10h16 (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell
               t_chem(p_c10h16) = t_chem(p_c10h16) + emis                         ! add to total
               chem(i,k1,j,p_c10h16 )=chem(i,k1,j,p_c10h16 )+emis*conv

               emis=c2h4 (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell
               t_chem(p_c2h4) = t_chem(p_c2h4) + emis                         ! add to total
               chem(i,k1,j,p_c2h4 )=chem(i,k1,j,p_c2h4 )+emis*conv

               emis=c2h5oh (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell
               t_chem(p_c2h5oh) = t_chem(p_c2h5oh) + emis                         ! add to total
               chem(i,k1,j,p_c2h5oh )=chem(i,k1,j,p_c2h5oh )+emis*conv

               emis=c2h6 (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell
               t_chem(p_c2h6) = t_chem(p_c2h6) + emis                         ! add to total
               chem(i,k1,j,p_c2h6 )=chem(i,k1,j,p_c2h6 )+emis*conv

               emis=c3h6 (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell
               t_chem(p_c3h6) = t_chem(p_c3h6) + emis                         ! add to total
               chem(i,k1,j,p_c3h6 )=chem(i,k1,j,p_c3h6 )+emis*conv

               emis=c3h8 (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell
               t_chem(p_c3h8) = t_chem(p_c3h8) + emis                         ! add to total
               chem(i,k1,j,p_c3h8 )=chem(i,k1,j,p_c3h8 )+emis*conv

               emis=ch3cooh (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell
               t_chem(p_ch3cooh) = t_chem(p_ch3cooh) + emis                         ! add to total
               chem(i,k1,j,p_ch3cooh )=chem(i,k1,j,p_ch3cooh )+emis*conv

               emis=ch3oh (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell
               t_chem(p_ch3oh) = t_chem(p_ch3oh) + emis                         ! add to total
               chem(i,k1,j,p_ch3oh )=chem(i,k1,j,p_ch3oh )+emis*conv

               emis=cres (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell
               t_chem(p_cres) = t_chem(p_cres) + emis                         ! add to total
               chem(i,k1,j,p_cres )=chem(i,k1,j,p_cres )+emis*conv

               emis=glyald (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell
               t_chem(p_glyald) = t_chem(p_glyald) + emis                         ! add to total
               chem(i,k1,j,p_glyald )=chem(i,k1,j,p_glyald )+emis*conv

               emis=isopr (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell
               t_chem(p_isopr) = t_chem(p_isopr) + emis                         ! add to total
               chem(i,k1,j,p_isopr )=chem(i,k1,j,p_isopr )+emis*conv

               emis=macr (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell
               t_chem(p_macr) = t_chem(p_macr) + emis                         ! add to total
               chem(i,k1,j,p_macr )=chem(i,k1,j,p_macr )+emis*conv

               emis=mek (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell
               t_chem(p_mek) = t_chem(p_mek) + emis                         ! add to total
               chem(i,k1,j,p_mek )=chem(i,k1,j,p_mek )+emis*conv

               emis=mvk (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell
               t_chem(p_mvk) = t_chem(p_mvk) + emis                         ! add to total
               chem(i,k1,j,p_mvk )=chem(i,k1,j,p_mvk )+emis*conv

               ! aerosols
               ! fuel_burnt kg/m^2 *  table g/kg -> ug/kg dry air in 1st layer  

               ! see also chem/emissions_driver.F line 515

               conv = avgw*1e6/(rho(i,k1,j)*dz8w(i,k1,j))

               emis=p25 (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell
               t_chem(p_p25) = t_chem(p_p25) + emis                         ! add to total
               chem(i,k1,j,p_p25 )=chem(i,k1,j,p_p25 )+emis*conv

               emis=p25i (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell
               t_chem(p_p25i) = t_chem(p_p25i) + emis                         ! add to total
               chem(i,k1,j,p_p25i )=chem(i,k1,j,p_p25i )+emis*conv

               emis=p25j (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell
               t_chem(p_p25j) = t_chem(p_p25j) + emis                         ! add to total
               chem(i,k1,j,p_p25j )=chem(i,k1,j,p_p25j )+emis*conv

               emis=oc1  (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell
               t_chem(p_oc1 ) = t_chem(p_oc1 ) + emis                         ! add to total
               chem(i,k1,j,p_oc1  )=chem(i,k1,j,p_oc1  )+emis*conv

               emis=oc2  (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell
               t_chem(p_oc2 ) = t_chem(p_oc2 ) + emis                         ! add to total
               chem(i,k1,j,p_oc2  )=chem(i,k1,j,p_oc2  )+emis*conv

               emis=bc1  (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell
               t_chem(p_bc1 ) = t_chem(p_bc1 ) + emis                         ! add to total
               chem(i,k1,j,p_bc1  )=chem(i,k1,j,p_bc1  )+emis*conv

               emis=bc2  (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell
               t_chem(p_bc2 ) = t_chem(p_bc2 ) + emis                         ! add to total
               chem(i,k1,j,p_bc2  )=chem(i,k1,j,p_bc2  )+emis*conv
#endif
               if (num_tracer >0)then

                     ! treat tracers exactly the same as aerosols, emissions g/kg fuel burned, tracer concentration ug/kg dry air
                     conv = avgw*1e6/(rho(i,k1,j)*dz8w(i,k1,j))

                     emis=tr17_1 (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell
                     t_tracer(p_tr17_1) = t_tracer(p_tr17_1) + emis                         ! add to total
                     tracer(i,k1,j,p_tr17_1 )=tracer(i,k1,j,p_tr17_1 )+emis*conv

                     emis=tr17_2 (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell
                     t_tracer(p_tr17_2) = t_tracer(p_tr17_2) + emis                         ! add to total
                     tracer(i,k1,j,p_tr17_2 )=tracer(i,k1,j,p_tr17_2 )+emis*conv

                     emis=tr17_3 (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell
                     t_tracer(p_tr17_3) = t_tracer(p_tr17_3) + emis                         ! add to total
                     tracer(i,k1,j,p_tr17_3 )=tracer(i,k1,j,p_tr17_3 )+emis*conv

                     emis=tr17_4 (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell
                     t_tracer(p_tr17_4) = t_tracer(p_tr17_4) + emis                         ! add to total
                     tracer(i,k1,j,p_tr17_4 )=tracer(i,k1,j,p_tr17_4 )+emis*conv

                     emis=tr17_5 (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell
                     t_tracer(p_tr17_5) = t_tracer(p_tr17_5) + emis                         ! add to total
                     tracer(i,k1,j,p_tr17_5 )=tracer(i,k1,j,p_tr17_5 )+emis*conv

                     emis=tr17_6 (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell
                     t_tracer(p_tr17_6) = t_tracer(p_tr17_6) + emis                         ! add to total
                     tracer(i,k1,j,p_tr17_6 )=tracer(i,k1,j,p_tr17_6 )+emis*conv

                     emis=tr17_7 (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell
                     t_tracer(p_tr17_7) = t_tracer(p_tr17_7) + emis                         ! add to total
                     tracer(i,k1,j,p_tr17_7 )=tracer(i,k1,j,p_tr17_7 )+emis*conv

                     emis=tr17_8 (cat)*fuel_burnt                                    ! emission from fire cell
                     t_tracer(p_tr17_8) = t_tracer(p_tr17_8) + emis                         ! add to total
                     tracer(i,k1,j,p_tr17_8 )=tracer(i,k1,j,p_tr17_8 )+emis*conv
                endif
           enddo
       enddo
    enddo
enddo

#ifdef WRF_CHEM
if(fire_print_msg .ge. msglevel .and.printsums .gt. 0)then
    ! sum ground concentrations and check for nans
    a_chem=0.0
    g_chem=0.0
    errors=0
    do j=jts,jte
       do k=1,chem_np
          k_p=chem_pointers(k)
          do i=its,ite
             if(chem(i,k1,j,k_p ).ne.chem(i,k1,j,k_p ))errors=errors+1
             a_chem(k_p)=a_chem(k_p)+chem(i,k1,j,k_p )
          enddo
       enddo
    enddo
    if(errors>0)call crash('NaN after chem update')
    call wrf_dm_sum_reals(a_chem,g_chem)
    call message('Layer1 raw sums after adding fire emissions',level=msglevel)
    do i=1,chem_np,line
        m=min(i+line-1,chem_np)
        write(msg,80)'Emissions ',(trim(chem_names(j)),j=i,m)
        call message(msg,level=msglevel)
        write(msg,81)'Layer1 end',(g_chem(chem_pointers(j)),j=i,m)
        call message(msg,level=msglevel)
        call message(' ',level=msglevel)
    enddo
endif
#endif

if(fire_print_msg .ge. msglevel .and.printsums .gt. 0)then
    ! sum over processes and add to cumulative sums

    ! fuel burned
    call wrf_dm_sum_reals(t_fuel,s_fuel)
    ! scale
    s_fuel = s_fuel*dx*dy 
    ! get rates
    r_fuel = s_fuel/dt 
    ! add to cumulative totals
    if(size(c_fuel).ne.nfuelcats)call crash('add_fire_emissions: bad size c_fuel')
    c_fuel = c_fuel + s_fuel

#ifdef WRF_CHEM
    call wrf_dm_sum_reals(a_chem,g_chem)
    ! chem
    call wrf_dm_sum_reals(t_chem,s_chem)
    s_chem = s_chem*dx*dy 
    r_chem = s_chem/dt 
    if(size(c_chem).ne.num_chem)call crash('add_fire_emissions: bad size c_chem')
    c_chem = c_chem + s_chem

    call message('Total emissions in g or mol per the table',level=msglevel)
    do i=1,chem_np,line
        m=min(i+line-1,chem_np)
        write(msg,80)'Emissions ',(trim(chem_names(j)),j=i,m)
        call message(msg,level=msglevel)
        write(msg,81)'Cumulative',(c_chem(chem_pointers(j)),j=i,m)
        call message(msg,level=msglevel)
        write(msg,81)'Rate per s',(r_chem(chem_pointers(j)),j=i,m)
        call message(msg,level=msglevel)
        call message(' ',level=msglevel)
    enddo
#endif

    if(num_tracer >0)then
        ! tracer
        call wrf_dm_sum_reals(t_tracer,s_tracer)
        s_tracer = s_tracer*dx*dy 
        r_tracer = s_tracer/dt 
        if(size(c_tracer).ne.num_tracer)call crash('add_fire_emissions: bad size c_tracer')
        c_tracer = c_tracer + s_tracer
    
        call message('Total emissions in g',level=msglevel)
        do i=1,tracer_np,line
            m=min(i+line-1,tracer_np)
            write(msg,80)'Emissions ',(trim(tracer_names(j)),j=i,m)
            call message(msg,level=msglevel)
            write(msg,81)'Cumulative',(c_tracer(tracer_pointers(j)),j=i,m)
            call message(msg,level=msglevel)
            write(msg,81)'Rate per s',(r_tracer(tracer_pointers(j)),j=i,m)
            call message(msg,level=msglevel)
            call message(' ',level=msglevel)
        enddo
    endif


    do cat=1,nfuelcats
        if(c_fuel(cat) > 0.)then 
            write(msg,83)fuel_name(cat),' burned',c_fuel(cat),'kg, rate',r_fuel(cat),' kg/s'
            call message(msg,level=msglevel)
        endif
    enddo
    write(msg,83)'Total fuel',' burned',sum(c_fuel),'kg, rate',sum(r_fuel),' kg/s'
    call message(msg,level=msglevel)

endif
80 format(a,8a11)
81 format(a,8e11.3)
83 format(a30,a,g14.4,a,g14.4,a,a)

return

9 continue
!$OMP CRITICAL(SFIRE_ATM_CRIT)
write(msg,91)ifts,ifte,jtfs,jfte,ifms,ifme,jfms,jfme
call message(msg,level=0)
write(msg,91)its,ite,jts,jte,ims,ime,jms,jme
call message(msg,level=0)
write(msg,92)'input  mesh size:',isz2,jsz2
call message(msg,level=0)
91 format('dimensions: ',8i8)
write(msg,92)'output mesh size:',isz1,jsz1
call message(msg,level=0)
92 format(a,2i8)
!$OMP END CRITICAL(SFIRE_ATM_CRIT)
call crash('add_fire_emissions: bad mesh sizes')

end subroutine add_fire_emissions

!
!***
!

subroutine check_pointers(array_name,array,pointer_names,pointers)
implicit none

!*** arguments
character(len=*)::array_name
real, dimension(:,:,:,:)::array
character(len=*), dimension(:)::pointer_names
integer, dimension(:)::pointers

!*** local
integer::np,i,m,j
character(len=256)::msg

!** executable
np=ubound(pointers,1)


993 format(3a,4(1x,i3,':',i3))
!$OMP CRITICAL(SFIRE_ATM_CRIT)
write(msg,993)'array ',array_name,' has dimensions ',&
         lbound(array,1),ubound(array,1), &
         lbound(array,2),ubound(array,2), &
         lbound(array,3),ubound(array,3), &
         lbound(array,4),ubound(array,4)
call message(msg)

do i=1,np,line
   m=min(i+line-1,np)
   write(msg,'(a,8(1x,a8))')'Species',(trim(pointer_names(j)),j=i,m)
   call message(msg,level=msglevel)
   write(msg,'(a,8i9)')     'Pointer',(pointers(j),j=i,m)
   call message(msg,level=msglevel)
   call message(' ')
enddo

if(maxval(pointers) > ubound(array,4) .or. minval(pointers) < lbound(array,4))then 
    write(msg,'(3a)')'add_fire_emissions: a ',array_name,' pointer is out of bounds'
    call crash(msg)
endif
!$OMP END CRITICAL(SFIRE_ATM_CRIT)
end subroutine check_pointers


!
!***
!


SUBROUTINE fire_tendency( &
    ids,ide, kds,kde, jds,jde,   & ! dimensions
    ims,ime, kms,kme, jms,jme,   &
    its,ite, kts,kte, jts,jte,   &
    grnhfx,grnqfx,canhfx,canqfx, & ! heat fluxes summed up to  atm grid 
    alfg,alfc,z1can,             & ! coeffients, properties, geometry 
    zs,z_at_w,dz8w,mu,rho,       &
    rthfrten,rqvfrten)             ! theta and Qv tendencies 

! This routine is atmospheric physics 
! it does NOT go into module_fr_sfire_phys because it is not fire physics

! taken from the code by Ned Patton, only order of arguments change to the convention here
! --- this routine takes fire generated heat and moisture fluxes and
!     calculates their influence on the theta and water vapor 
! --- note that these tendencies are valid at the Arakawa-A location

   IMPLICIT NONE

! --- incoming variables

   INTEGER , INTENT(in) :: ids,ide, kds,kde, jds,jde, &
                           ims,ime, kms,kme, jms,jme, &
                           its,ite, kts,kte, jts,jte

   REAL, INTENT(in), DIMENSION( ims:ime,jms:jme ) :: grnhfx,grnqfx  ! W/m^2
   REAL, INTENT(in), DIMENSION( ims:ime,jms:jme ) :: canhfx,canqfx  ! W/m^2
   REAL, INTENT(in), DIMENSION( ims:ime,jms:jme ) :: zs  ! topography (m abv sealvl)
   REAL, INTENT(in), DIMENSION( ims:ime,jms:jme ) :: mu  ! dry air mass (Pa)

   REAL, INTENT(in), DIMENSION( ims:ime,kms:kme,jms:jme ) :: z_at_w ! m abv sealvl
   REAL, INTENT(in), DIMENSION( ims:ime,kms:kme,jms:jme ) :: dz8w   ! dz across w-lvl
   REAL, INTENT(in), DIMENSION( ims:ime,kms:kme,jms:jme ) :: rho    ! density

   REAL, INTENT(in) :: alfg ! extinction depth ground fire heat (m)
   REAL, INTENT(in) :: alfc ! extinction depth crown  fire heat (m)
   REAL, INTENT(in) :: z1can    ! height of crown fire heat release (m)

! --- outgoing variables

   REAL, INTENT(out), DIMENSION( ims:ime,kms:kme,jms:jme ) ::   &
       rthfrten, & ! theta tendency from fire (in mass units)
       rqvfrten    ! Qv tendency from fire (in mass units)
! --- local variables

   INTEGER :: i,j,k
   INTEGER :: i_st,i_en, j_st,j_en, k_st,k_en

   REAL :: cp_i
   REAL :: rho_i
   REAL :: xlv_i
   REAL :: z_w
   REAL :: fact_g, fact_c
   REAL :: alfg_i, alfc_i

   REAL, DIMENSION( its:ite,kts:kte,jts:jte ) :: hfx,qfx
   
!!   character(len=128)::msg


        do j=jts,jte
            do k=kts,min(kte+1,kde)
               do i=its,ite
                   rthfrten(i,k,j)=0.
                   rqvfrten(i,k,j)=0.
               enddo
            enddo
        enddo


! --- set some local constants
   

   cp_i = 1./cp     ! inverse of specific heat
   xlv_i = 1./xlv   ! inverse of latent heat
   alfg_i = 1./alfg
   alfc_i = 1./alfc

!!write(msg,'(8e11.3)')cp,cp_i,xlv,xlv_i,alfg,alfc,z1can
!!call message(msg)

   call print_2d_stats(its,ite,jts,jte,ims,ime,jms,jme,grnhfx,'fire_tendency:grnhfx')
   call print_2d_stats(its,ite,jts,jte,ims,ime,jms,jme,grnqfx,'fire_tendency:grnqfx')

! --- set loop indicies : note that 

   i_st = MAX(its,ids+1)
   i_en = MIN(ite,ide-1)
   k_st = kts
   k_en = MIN(kte,kde-1)
   j_st = MAX(jts,jds+1)
   j_en = MIN(jte,jde-1)

! --- distribute fluxes

   DO j = j_st,j_en
      DO k = k_st,k_en
         DO i = i_st,i_en

            ! --- set z (in meters above ground)

            z_w = z_at_w(i,k,j) - zs(i,j) ! should be zero when k=k_st

            ! --- heat flux

            fact_g = cp_i * EXP( - alfg_i * z_w )
            IF ( z_w < z1can ) THEN
               fact_c = cp_i
            ELSE
               fact_c = cp_i * EXP( - alfc_i * (z_w - z1can) )
            END IF
            hfx(i,k,j) = fact_g * grnhfx(i,j) + fact_c * canhfx(i,j) 

!!            write(msg,2)i,k,j,z_w,grnhfx(i,j),hfx(i,k,j)
!!2           format('hfx:',3i4,6e11.3)
!!            call message(msg)

            ! --- vapor flux

            fact_g = xlv_i * EXP( - alfg_i * z_w )
            IF (z_w < z1can) THEN
               fact_c = xlv_i
            ELSE
               fact_c = xlv_i * EXP( - alfc_i * (z_w - z1can) )
            END IF
            qfx(i,k,j) = fact_g * grnqfx(i,j) + fact_c * canqfx(i,j) 
            
!!            if(hfx(i,k,j).ne.0. .or. qfx(i,k,j) .ne. 0.)then
!!                write(msg,1)i,k,j,hfx(i,k,j),qfx(i,k,j)
!!1               format('tend:',3i6,2e11.3)
!!                call message(msg)
!            endif

         END DO
      END DO
   END DO

! --- add flux divergence to tendencies
!
!   multiply by dry air mass (mu) to eliminate the need to 
!   call sr. calculate_phy_tend (in dyn_em/module_em.F)

   ! print *,'fire_tendency:',i_st,i_en,j_st,j_en
   DO j = j_st,j_en
      DO k = k_st,k_en-1
         DO i = i_st,i_en

            rho_i = 1./rho(i,k,j)

            rthfrten(i,k,j) = - mu(i,j) * rho_i * (hfx(i,k+1,j)-hfx(i,k,j)) / dz8w(i,k,j)
            rqvfrten(i,k,j) = - mu(i,j) * rho_i * (qfx(i,k+1,j)-qfx(i,k,j)) / dz8w(i,k,j)
 
            ! print *,i,j,k,rthfrten(i,k,j)

         END DO
      END DO
   END DO

   call print_3d_stats(its,ite,kts,kte,jts,jte,ims,ime,kms,kme,jms,jme,rthfrten,'fire_tendency:rthfrten')
   call print_3d_stats(its,ite,kts,kte,jts,jte,ims,ime,kms,kme,jms,jme,rqvfrten,'fire_tendency:rqvfrten')

   RETURN

END SUBROUTINE fire_tendency

!
!***
!
subroutine interpolate_atm2fire(id,               & ! for debug output, <= 0 no output
    ids,ide, kds,kde, jds,jde,                    & ! atm grid dimensions
    ims,ime, kms,kme, jms,jme,                    &
    ips,ipe,jps,jpe,                              &
    its,ite,jts,jte,                              &
    ifds, ifde, jfds, jfde,                       & ! fire grid dimensions
    ifms, ifme, jfms, jfme,                       &
    ifps, ifpe, jfps, jfpe,                       & ! fire patch bounds
    ifts,ifte,jfts,jfte,                          &
    ir,jr,                                        & ! atm/fire grid ratio
    u_frame, v_frame,                             & ! velocity frame correction
    u,v,                                          & ! atm grid arrays in
    ph,phb,                                       &
    z0,zs,                                        &
    uah,vah,                                      &
    uf,vf)                                          ! fire grid arrays out
    
implicit none
! Jan Mandel, October 2010
!*** purpose: interpolate winds and height

!*** arguments
integer, intent(in)::id                           
integer, intent(in)::                             &
    ids,ide, kds,kde, jds,jde,                    & ! atm domain bounds
    ims,ime, kms,kme, jms,jme,                    & ! atm memory bounds 
    ips,ipe,jps,jpe,                              &
    its,ite,jts,jte,                              & ! atm tile bounds
    ifds, ifde, jfds, jfde,                       & ! fire domain bounds
    ifms, ifme, jfms, jfme,                       & ! fire memory bounds
    ifps, ifpe, jfps, jfpe,                       & ! fire patch bounds
    ifts,ifte,jfts,jfte,                          & ! fire tile bounds
    ir,jr                                         ! atm/fire grid refinement ratio
real, intent(in):: u_frame, v_frame                 ! velocity frame correction
real,intent(in),dimension(ims:ime,kms:kme,jms:jme)::&
    u,v,                                          & ! atm wind velocity, staggered  
    ph,phb                                          ! geopotential
real,intent(in),dimension(ims:ime,jms:jme)::&
    z0,                                           & ! roughness height
    zs                                              ! terrain height
real,intent(out),dimension(ims:ime,jms:jme)::&
    uah,                                           & ! atm wind at fire_wind_height, diagnostics
    vah                                              ! 
real,intent(out), dimension(ifms:ifme,jfms:jfme)::&
    uf,vf                                           ! wind velocity fire grid nodes 
    
    
!*** local
character(len=256)::msg
#define TDIMS its-2,ite+2,jts-2,jte+2
real, dimension(its-2:ite+2,jts-2:jte+2):: ua,va   ! atm winds, interpolated over height, still staggered grid
real, dimension(its-2:ite+2,kds:kde,jts-2:jte+2):: altw,altub,altvb,hgtu,hgtv ! altitudes
integer:: i,j,k,ifts1,ifte1,jfts1,jfte1,ite1,jte1
integer::itst,itet,jtst,jtet,itsu,iteu,jtsu,jteu,itsv,itev,jtsv,jtev
integer::kdmax,its1,jts1,ips1,jps1
integer::itsou,iteou,jtsou,jteou,itsov,iteov,jtsov,jteov
real:: ground,loght,loglast,logz0,logfwh,ht,zr
real::r_nan
integer::i_nan
equivalence (i_nan,r_nan)

!*** executable

! debug init local arrays
i_nan=2147483647
ua=r_nan
va=r_nan
altw=r_nan
altub=r_nan
hgtu=r_nan
hgtv=r_nan


if(kds.ne.1)then
!$OMP CRITICAL(SFIRE_DRIVER_CRIT)
  write(msg,*)'WARNING: bottom index kds=',kds,' should be 1?'
  call message(msg)
!$OMP END CRITICAL(SFIRE_DRIVER_CRIT)
endif

!                            ^ j
!        ------------        |
!        |          |         ----> i
!        u    p     |
!        |          |    nodes in cell (i,j)
!        ------v-----    view from top     
!
!             v(ide,jde+1)
!            -------x------        
!            |            |      
!            |            |      
! u(ide,jde) x      x     x u(ide+1,jde) 
!            | p(ide,hde) |   
!            |            |   p=ph,phb,z0,...
!            -------x------        
!              v(ide,jde)
!
! staggered values set u(ids:ide+1,jds:jde) v(ids:ide,jds:jde+1)
! p=ph+phb set at (ids:ide,jds:jde) 
! location of u(i,j) needs p(i-1,j) and p(i,j)
! location of v(i,j) needs p(i,j-1) and p(i,j)
! *** NOTE need HALO in ph, phb
! so we can compute only u(ids+1:ide,jds:jde) v(ids:ide,jds+1,jde)
! unless we extend p at the boundary
! but because we care about the fire way in the inside it does not matter
! if the fire gets close to domain boundary the simulation is over anyway

    ite1=snode(ite,ide,1)
    jte1=snode(jte,jde,1)
    ! do this in any case to check for nans
    call print_3d_stats(its,ite1,kds,kde,jts,jte,ims,ime,kms,kme,jms,jme,u,'wind U in')
    call print_3d_stats(its,ite,kds,kde,jts,jte1,ims,ime,kms,kme,jms,jme,v,'wind V in')

    if(fire_print_msg.gt.0)then
!$OMP CRITICAL(SFIRE_DRIVER_CRIT)
       write(msg,'(a,f7.2,a)')'interpolate_atm2fire: log-interpolation of wind to',fire_wind_height,' m'
       call message(msg)
!$OMP END CRITICAL(SFIRE_DRIVER_CRIT)
    endif

! indexing
       
! for w 
    itst=ifval(ids.eq.its,its,its-1)
    itet=ifval(ide.eq.ite,ite,ite+1)
    jtst=ifval(jds.ge.jts,jts,jts-1)
    jtet=ifval(jde.eq.jte,jte,jte+1)

! for u
    itsu=ifval(ids.eq.its,its+1,its)  ! staggered direction
    iteu=ifval(ide.eq.ite,ite,ite+1)  ! staggered direction
    jtsu=ifval(jds.ge.jts,jts,jts-1)
    jteu=ifval(jde.eq.jte,jte,jte+1)

! for v
    jtsv=ifval(jds.eq.jts,jts+1,jts)  ! staggered direction
    jtev=ifval(jde.eq.jte,jte,jte+1)  ! staggered direction
    itsv=ifval(ids.ge.its,its,its-1)
    itev=ifval(ide.eq.ite,ite,ite+1)


if(fire_print_msg.ge.1)then
!$OMP CRITICAL(SFIRE_DRIVER_CRIT)
  write(msg,7001)'atm input  ','tile',its,ite,jts,jte
  call message(msg)
  write(msg,7001)'altw       ','tile',itst,itet,jtst,jtet
  call message(msg)
!$OMP END CRITICAL(SFIRE_DRIVER_CRIT)
endif
7001 format(a,' dimensions ',a4,':',i6,' to ',i6,' by ',i6,' to ',i6)

!**********************************************************
!*                                                        *
!*           find the altitude of the w points            *
!*                                                        *
!**********************************************************
!! in future, replace by z8w & test if the same

    kdmax=kde-1   ! max layer to interpolate from, can be less

    do j = jtst,jtet
      do k=kds,kdmax+1
        do i = itst,itet       
          altw(i,k,j) = (ph(i,k,j)+phb(i,k,j))/g             ! altitude of the bottom w-point 
        enddo
      enddo
    enddo

! values at u points
if(fire_print_msg.ge.1)then
!$OMP CRITICAL(SFIRE_DRIVER_CRIT)
  write(msg,7001)'u interp at','tile',itsu,iteu,jtsu,jteu
  call message(msg)
!$OMP END CRITICAL(SFIRE_DRIVER_CRIT)
endif

!**********************************************************
!*                                                        *
!*  interpolate the altitude from w points to u points    *
!*                                                        *
!**********************************************************

    do j = jtsu,jteu          
      do k=kds,kdmax+1
        do i = itsu,iteu       
          altub(i,k,j)= 0.5*(altw(i-1,k,j)+altw(i,k,j))      ! altitude of the bottom point under u-point
        enddo
      enddo
      do k=kds,kdmax
        do i = itsu,iteu       
          hgtu(i,k,j) =  0.5*(altub(i,k,j)+altub(i,k+1,j)) - altub(i,kds,j)  ! height of the u-point above the ground
        enddo
      enddo
    enddo

! values at v points
if(fire_print_msg.ge.1)then
!$OMP CRITICAL(SFIRE_DRIVER_CRIT)
  write(msg,7001)'v interp at','tile',itsv,itev,jtsv,jtev
  call message(msg)
!$OMP END CRITICAL(SFIRE_DRIVER_CRIT)
endif

!**********************************************************
!*                                                        *
!*  interpolate the altitude from w points to v points    *
!*                                                        *
!**********************************************************

    do j = jtsv,jtev          
      do k=kds,kdmax+1
        do i = itsv,itev       
          altvb(i,k,j)= 0.5*(altw(i,k,j-1)+altw(i,k,j))      ! altitude of the bottom point under v-point
        enddo
      enddo
      do k=kds,kdmax
        do i = itsv,itev       
          hgtv(i,k,j) =  0.5*(altvb(i,k,j)+altvb(i,k+1,j)) - altvb(i,kds,j)  ! height of the v-point above the ground
        enddo
      enddo
    enddo

#ifdef DEBUG_OUT
        call write_array_m3(itsu,iteu,kds,kdmax,jtsu,jteu,its-2,ite+2,kds,kde,jts-2,jte+2,altub,'altub',id)
        call write_array_m3(itsv,itev,kds,kdmax,jtsv,jtev,its-2,ite+2,kds,kde,jts-2,jte+2,altvb,'altvb',id)
        call write_array_m3(itsu,iteu,kds,kdmax,jtsu,jteu,its-2,…