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<title>目录 - 深入 Python 3</title>

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<p>当前位置： <a href=index.html>首页</a> <span class=u>‣</span> 深入 Python 3 <span class=u>‣</span>

<h1>目录</h1><!-- toc -->



<ol start=-1>

<li id=whats-new><a href=whats-new.html>《深入 Python 3》中有何新内容</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=whats-new.html#divingin><i>又名</i> “负号层”</a>

</li></ol>

</li><li id=installing-python><a href=installing-python.html>安装 Python</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=installing-python.html#divingin>深入</a>

</li><li><a href=installing-python.html#which>哪个版本的 Python 适合您？</a>

</li><li><a href=installing-python.html#windows>在 Microsoft Windows 上安装</a>

</li><li><a href=installing-python.html#macosx>在 Mac OS X 上安装</a>

</li><li><a href=installing-python.html#ubuntu>在 Ubuntu Linux 上安装</a>

</li><li><a href=installing-python.html#other>在其它平台上安装</a>

</li><li><a href=installing-python.html#idle>使用 Python Shell</a>

</li><li><a href=installing-python.html#editors>Python 编辑器和集成开发环境</a>

</li></ol>

</li><li id=your-first-python-program><a href=your-first-python-program.html>第一份 Python 程序</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=your-first-python-program.html#divingin>深入</a>

</li><li><a href=your-first-python-program.html#declaringfunctions>函数声明</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=your-first-python-program.html#optional-arguments>可选参数和命名参数</a>

</li></ol>

</li><li><a href=your-first-python-program.html#readability>撰写可读代码</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=your-first-python-program.html#docstrings>文档字符串</a>

</li></ol>

</li><li><a href=your-first-python-program.html#importsearchpath><code>import</code> 搜索路径</a>

</li><li><a href=your-first-python-program.html#everythingisanobject>一切都是对象</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=your-first-python-program.html#whatsanobject>什么是对象？</a>

</li></ol>

</li><li><a href=your-first-python-program.html#indentingcode>代码缩进</a>

</li><li><a href=your-first-python-program.html#exceptions>例外</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=your-first-python-program.html#importerror>捕捉 Import 错误</a>

</li></ol>

</li><li><a href=your-first-python-program.html#nameerror>未绑定变量</a>

</li><li><a href=your-first-python-program.html#case>一切都区分大小写</a>

</li><li><a href=your-first-python-program.html#runningscripts>运行脚本</a>

</li><li><a href=your-first-python-program.html#furtherreading>深入阅读</a>

</li></ol>

</li><li id=native-datatypes><a href=native-datatypes.html>内置数据类型</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=native-datatypes.html#divingin>深入</a>

</li><li><a href=native-datatypes.html#booleans>布尔类型</a>

</li><li><a href=native-datatypes.html#numbers>数值类型</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=native-datatypes.html#number-coercion>将整数强制转换为浮点数及反向转换</a>

</li><li><a href=native-datatypes.html#common-numerical-operations>常用数值运算</a>

</li><li><a href=native-datatypes.html#fractions>分数</a>

</li><li><a href=native-datatypes.html#trig>三角函数</a>

</li><li><a href=native-datatypes.html#numbers-in-a-boolean-context>布尔上下文环境中的数值</a>

</li></ol>

</li><li><a href=native-datatypes.html#lists>列表</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=native-datatypes.html#creatinglists>创建列表</a>

</li><li><a href=native-datatypes.html#slicinglists>列表切片</a>

</li><li><a href=native-datatypes.html#extendinglists>向列表中新增项</a>

</li><li><a href=native-datatypes.html#searchinglists>在列表中检索值</a>

</li><li><a href=native-datatypes.html#removingfromlists>从列表中删除元素</a>

</li><li><a href=native-datatypes.html#popgoestheweasel>Removing Items From A List: Bonus Round</a>

</li><li><a href=native-datatypes.html#lists-in-a-boolean-context>布尔上下文环境中的列表</a>

</li></ol>

</li><li><a href=native-datatypes.html#tuples>元组</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=native-datatypes.html#tuples-in-a-boolean-context>布尔上下文环境中的元组</a>

</li><li><a href=native-datatypes.html#multivar>同时赋多个值</a>

</li></ol>

</li><li><a href=native-datatypes.html#sets>集合</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=native-datatypes.html#creating-a-set>创建集合</a>

</li><li><a href=native-datatypes.html#modifying-sets>修改集合</a>

</li><li><a href=native-datatypes.html#removing-from-sets>从集合中删除元素</a>

</li><li><a href=native-datatypes.html#common-set-operations>常见集合操作</a>

</li><li><a href=native-datatypes.html#sets-in-a-boolean-context>布尔上下文环境中的集合</a>

</li></ol>

</li><li><a href=native-datatypes.html#dictionaries>字典</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=native-datatypes.html#creating-dictionaries>创建字典</a>

</li><li><a href=native-datatypes.html#modifying-dictionaries>修改字典</a>

</li><li><a href=native-datatypes.html#mixed-value-dictionaries>混合值字典</a>

</li><li><a href=native-datatypes.html#dictionaries-in-a-boolean-context>布尔上下文环境中的字典</a>

</li></ol>

</li><li><a href=native-datatypes.html#none><code>None</code></a>

<ol>

<li><a href=native-datatypes.html#none-in-a-boolean-context>布尔上下文环境中的 <code>None</code></a>

</li></ol>

</li><li><a href=native-datatypes.html#furtherreading>深入阅读</a>

</li></ol>

</li><li id=comprehensions><a href=comprehensions.html>理解</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=comprehensions.html#divingin>深入</a>

</li><li><a href=comprehensions.html#os>处理文件和目录</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=comprehensions.html#getcwd>当前工作目录</a>

</li><li><a href=comprehensions.html#ospath>处理文件名和目录名</a>

</li><li><a href=comprehensions.html#glob>列出目录</a>

</li><li><a href=comprehensions.html#osstat>获取文件元数据</a>

</li><li><a href=comprehensions.html#abspath>构造绝对路径</a>

</li></ol>

</li><li><a href=comprehensions.html#listcomprehension>列表解析</a>

</li><li><a href=comprehensions.html#dictionarycomprehension>字典解析</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=comprehensions.html#stupiddicttricks>字典解析的其它趣事</a>

</li></ol>

</li><li><a href=comprehensions.html#setcomprehension>集合解析</a>

</li><li><a href=comprehensions.html#furtherreading>深入阅读</a>

</li></ol>

</li><li id=strings><a href=strings.html>字符串</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=strings.html#boring-stuff>深入之前必须理解的繁琐内容</a>

</li><li><a href=strings.html#one-ring-to-rule-them-all>Unicode</a>

</li><li><a href=strings.html#divingin>深入</a>

</li><li><a href=strings.html#formatting-strings>格式化字符串</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=strings.html#compound-field-names>符合字段名称</a>

</li><li><a href=strings.html#format-specifiers>格式标识符</a>

</li></ol>

</li><li><a href=strings.html#common-string-methods>其它常见字符串方法</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=strings.html#slicingstrings>字符串切片</a>

</li></ol>

</li><li><a href=strings.html#byte-arrays>字符串与字节</a>

</li><li><a href=strings.html#py-encoding>后记：Python 源代码的字符编码</a>

</li><li><a href=strings.html#furtherreading>深入阅读</a>

</li></ol>

</li><li id=regular-expressions><a href=regular-expressions.html>正则表达式</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=regular-expressions.html#divingin>深入</a>

</li><li><a href=regular-expressions.html#streetaddresses>案例研究：街道地址</a>

</li><li><a href=regular-expressions.html#romannumerals>案例研究：罗马数字</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=regular-expressions.html#thousands>检查千位</a>

</li><li><a href=regular-expressions.html#hundreds>检查百位</a>

</li></ol>

</li><li><a href=regular-expressions.html#nmsyntax>使用 <code>{n,m}</code> 语法</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=regular-expressions.html#tensandones>检查十位和个位</a>

</li></ol>

</li><li><a href=regular-expressions.html#verbosere>长正则表达式</a>

</li><li><a href=regular-expressions.html#phonenumbers>案例研究：电话号码分析</a>

</li><li><a href=regular-expressions.html#summary>摘要</a>

</li></ol>

</li><li id=generators><a href=generators.html>闭合 <i class=baa>与</i> 生成器</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=generators.html#divingin>深入</a>

</li><li><a href=generators.html#i-know>我知道，让我们用正则表达式！</a>

</li><li><a href=generators.html#a-list-of-functions>函数列表</a>

</li><li><a href=generators.html#a-list-of-patterns>匹配模式列表</a>

</li><li><a href=generators.html#a-file-of-patterns>匹配模式文件</a>

</li><li><a href=generators.html#generators>生成器</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=generators.html#a-fibonacci-generator>斐波那奇生成器</a>

</li><li><a href=generators.html#a-plural-rule-generator>复数规则生成器</a>

</li></ol>

</li><li><a href=generators.html#furtherreading>深入阅读</a>

</li></ol>

</li><li id=iterators><a href=iterators.html>类 <i class=baa>&amp;</i> 迭代器</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=iterators.html#divingin>深入</a>

</li><li><a href=iterators.html#defining-classes>类的定义</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=iterators.html#init-method><code>__init__()</code> 方法</a>

</li></ol>

</li><li><a href=iterators.html#instantiating-classes>类的实例化</a>

</li><li><a href=iterators.html#instance-variables>实例变量</a>

</li><li><a href=iterators.html#a-fibonacci-iterator>斐波那奇迭代器</a>

</li><li><a href=iterators.html#a-plural-rule-iterator>多元规则迭代器</a>

</li><li><a href=iterators.html#furtherreading>深入阅读</a>

</li></ol>

</li><li id=advanced-iterators><a href=advanced-iterators.html>高级迭代器</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=advanced-iterators.html#divingin>深入</a>

</li><li><a href=advanced-iterators.html#re-findall>找到所有匹配模式</a>

</li><li><a href=advanced-iterators.html#unique-items>在某序列中查找唯一项</a>

</li><li><a href=advanced-iterators.html#assert>制作断言</a>

</li><li><a href=advanced-iterators.html#generator-expressions>生成器表达式</a>

</li><li><a href=advanced-iterators.html#permutations>计算置换 …… 懒人的办法！</a>

</li><li><a href=advanced-iterators.html#more-itertools><code>itertools</code> 模块中其它有趣的东西</a>

</li><li><a href=advanced-iterators.html#string-translate>一种新的字符串操作</a>

</li><li><a href=advanced-iterators.html#eval>将任意字符串转换为 Python 表达式</a>

</li><li><a href=advanced-iterators.html#alphametics-finale>综述</a>

</li><li><a href=advanced-iterators.html#furtherreading>深入阅读</a>

</li></ol>

</li><li id=unit-testing><a href=unit-testing.html>单元测试</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=unit-testing.html#divingin>（不要）深入</a>

</li><li><a href=unit-testing.html#romantest1>一个简单的问题</a>

</li><li><a href=unit-testing.html#romantest2>“Halt And Catch Fire”</a>

</li><li><a href=unit-testing.html#romantest3>More Halting, More Fire</a>

</li><li><a href=unit-testing.html#romantest4>还有一件事情……</a>

</li><li><a href=unit-testing.html#romantest5>可喜的对称性</a>

</li><li><a href=unit-testing.html#romantest6>更多错误输入</a>

</li></ol>

</li><li id=refactoring><a href=refactoring.html>重构</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=refactoring.html#divingin>深入</a>

</li><li><a href=refactoring.html#changing-requirements>控制需求变化</a>

</li><li><a href=refactoring.html#refactoring>重构</a>

</li><li><a href=refactoring.html#summary>摘要</a>

</li></ol>

</li><li id=files><a href=files.html>文件</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=files.html#divingin>深入</a>

</li><li><a href=files.html#reading>读取文本文件</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=files.html#encoding>Character Encoding Rears Its Ugly Head</a>

</li><li><a href=files.html#file-objects>流对象</a>

</li><li><a href=files.html#read>从文本文件读取数据</a>

</li><li><a href=files.html#close>关闭文件</a>

</li><li><a href=files.html#with>自动关闭文件</a>

</li><li><a href=files.html#for>每次读取一行数据</a>

</li></ol>

</li><li><a href=files.html#writing>将数据写入文本文件</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=files.html#encoding-again>又见字符串编码</a>

</li></ol>

</li><li><a href=files.html#binary>二进制文件</a>

</li><li><a href=files.html#file-like-objects>来自非文件源的流对象</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=files.html#gzip>处理压缩文件</a>

</li></ol>

</li><li><a href=files.html#stdio>标准输入、输出和错误</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=files.html#redirect>重定性标准输出</a>

</li></ol>

</li><li><a href=files.html#furtherreading>深入阅读</a>

</li></ol>

</li><li id=xml><a href=xml.html>XML</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=xml.html#divingin>深入</a>

</li><li><a href=xml.html#xml-intro>XML 五分钟速成班</a>

</li><li><a href=xml.html#xml-structure>The Structure Of An Atom Feed</a>

</li><li><a href=xml.html#xml-parse>解析 XML</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=xml.html#xml-elements>元素是列表</a>

</li><li><a href=xml.html#xml-attributes>属性是字典</a>

</li></ol>

</li><li><a href=xml.html#xml-find>在 XML 内搜索节点</a>

</li><li><a href=xml.html#xml-lxml>进一步了解 lxml</a>

</li><li><a href=xml.html#xml-generate>生成 XML</a>

</li><li><a href=xml.html#xml-custom-parser>解析残缺的 XML</a>

</li><li><a href=xml.html#furtherreading>深入阅读</a>

</li></ol>

</li><li id=serializing><a href=serializing.html>Python 对象序列化</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=serializing.html#divingin>深入</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=serializing.html#administrivia>关于本章示例的简要注意事项</a>

</li></ol>

</li><li><a href=serializing.html#dump>将数据保存为 Pickle 文件</a>

</li><li><a href=serializing.html#load>从 Pickle 文件中载入数据</a>

</li><li><a href=serializing.html#dumps>无文件序列化</a>

</li><li><a href=serializing.html#protocol-versions>Bytes 和 Strings 再次抬头</a>

</li><li><a href=serializing.html#debugging>调试 Pickle 文件</a>

</li><li><a href=serializing.html#json>将 Python 对象序列化以供其它语言读取</a>

</li><li><a href=serializing.html#json-dump>将数据保存为 <abbr>JSON</abbr> 文件</a>

</li><li><a href=serializing.html#json-types>将 Python 数据类型映射为 <abbr>JSON</abbr></a>

</li><li><a href=serializing.html#json-unknown-types>将 <abbr>JSON</abbr> 不支持的数据类型序列化</a>

</li><li><a href=serializing.html#json-load>从 <abbr>JSON</abbr> 文件中载入数据</a>

</li><li><a href=serializing.html#furtherreading>深入阅读</a>

</li></ol>

</li><li id=http-web-services><a href=http-web-services.html>HTTP Web 服务</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=http-web-services.html#divingin>深入</a>

</li><li><a href=http-web-services.html#http-features>HTTP 特性</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=http-web-services.html#caching>缓存</a>

</li><li><a href=http-web-services.html#last-modified>Last-Modified 检查</a>

</li><li><a href=http-web-services.html#etags>ETag</a>

</li><li><a href=http-web-services.html#compression>压缩</a>

</li><li><a href=http-web-services.html#redirects>重定向</a>

</li></ol>

</li><li><a href=http-web-services.html#dont-try-this-at-home>如果绕过 HTTP 获取数据</a>

</li><li><a href=http-web-services.html#whats-on-the-wire>线路上有什么？</a>

</li><li><a href=http-web-services.html#introducing-httplib2><code>httplib2</code> 介绍</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=http-web-services.html#why-bytes>轻微离题：解释为什么 <code>httplib2</code> 返回 Bytes 而不是 Strings</a>

</li><li><a href=http-web-services.html#httplib2-caching><code>httplib2</code> 如何处理缓存</a>

</li><li><a href=http-web-services.html#httplib2-etags><code>httplib2</code> 如何处理 <code>Last-Modified</code> 和 <code>ETag</code> 头部信息</a>

</li><li><a href=http-web-services.html#httplib2-compression><code>http2lib</code> 如何处理压缩</a>

</li><li><a href=http-web-services.html#httplib2-redirects><code>httplib2</code> 如何处理重定向</a>

</li></ol>

</li><li><a href=http-web-services.html#beyond-get>超越 HTTP GET</a>

</li><li><a href=http-web-services.html#beyond-post>超越 HTTP POST</a>

</li><li><a href=http-web-services.html#furtherreading>深入阅读</a>

</li></ol>

</li><li id=case-study-porting-chardet-to-python-3><a href=case-study-porting-chardet-to-python-3.html>案例研究：将 <code>chardet</code> 移植到 Python 3</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=case-study-porting-chardet-to-python-3.html#divingin>深入</a>

</li><li><a href=case-study-porting-chardet-to-python-3.html#faq.what>何为字符编码自动检测？</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=case-study-porting-chardet-to-python-3.html#faq.impossible>这难道不可能？</a>

</li><li><a href=case-study-porting-chardet-to-python-3.html#faq.who>存在这样的算法吗？</a>

</li></ol>

</li><li><a href=case-study-porting-chardet-to-python-3.html#divingin2><code>chardet</code> 模块介绍</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=case-study-porting-chardet-to-python-3.html#how.bom>带有 <abbr>BOM</abbr> 的 <abbr>UTF-n</abbr> </a>

</li><li><a href=case-study-porting-chardet-to-python-3.html#how.esc>转义编码</a>

</li><li><a href=case-study-porting-chardet-to-python-3.html#how.mb>多字节编码</a>

</li><li><a href=case-study-porting-chardet-to-python-3.html#how.sb>单字节编码</a>

</li><li><a href=case-study-porting-chardet-to-python-3.html#how.windows1252><code>windows-1252</code></a>

</li></ol>

</li><li><a href=case-study-porting-chardet-to-python-3.html#running2to3>运行 <code>2to3</code></a>

</li><li><a href=case-study-porting-chardet-to-python-3.html#multifile-modules>唠叨两句 Multi-File 模块</a>

</li><li><a href=case-study-porting-chardet-to-python-3.html#manual>修正 <code>2to3</code> 未实现的功能</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=case-study-porting-chardet-to-python-3.html#falseisinvalidsyntax><code>False</code> 是错误的语法</a>

</li><li><a href=case-study-porting-chardet-to-python-3.html#nomodulenamedconstants>没有叫做 <code>constants</code> 的模块</a>

</li><li><a href=case-study-porting-chardet-to-python-3.html#namefileisnotdefined>名称 <var>'file'</var> 未定义</a>

</li><li><a href=case-study-porting-chardet-to-python-3.html#cantuseastringpattern>不能对类字节对象使用字符串匹配</a>

</li><li><a href=case-study-porting-chardet-to-python-3.html#cantconvertbytesobject>不能隐式地将 <code>'bytes'</code> 对象转换为 <code>str</code> </a>

</li><li><a href=case-study-porting-chardet-to-python-3.html#unsupportedoperandtypeforplus>不支持的操作类型 +： <code>'int'</code> 和 <code>'bytes'</code></a>

</li><li><a href=case-study-porting-chardet-to-python-3.html#ordexpectedstring><code>ord()</code> 期待长度为 1 的字符串，但遇到了 <code>int</code> </a>

</li><li><a href=case-study-porting-chardet-to-python-3.html#unorderabletypes>不可排序的类型： <code>int()</code> &gt;= <code>str()</code></a>

</li><li><a href=case-study-porting-chardet-to-python-3.html#reduceisnotdefined>全局名称 <code>'reduce'</code> 未定义</a>

</li></ol>

</li><li><a href=case-study-porting-chardet-to-python-3.html#summary>摘要</a>

</li></ol>

</li><li id=packaging><a href=packaging.html>Python 类库打包</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=packaging.html#divingin>深入</a>

</li><li><a href=packaging.html#cantdo>Distutils 无法为你完成的工作</a>

</li><li><a href=packaging.html#structure>目录结构</a>

</li><li><a href=packaging.html#setuppy>编写安装脚本</a>

</li><li><a href=packaging.html#trove>将包分类</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=packaging.html#trove-examples>包分类的优秀范例</a>

</li></ol>

</li><li><a href=packaging.html#manifest>通过清单指定附加文件</a>

</li><li><a href=packaging.html#check>检查安装脚本的错误</a>

</li><li><a href=packaging.html#sdist>创建发布源</a>

</li><li><a href=packaging.html#bdist>创建图形化安装程序</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=packaging.html#linux>为其它操作系统编译安装包</a>

</li></ol>

</li><li><a href=packaging.html#pypi>将软件添加到 Python 安装包列表</a>

</li><li><a href=packaging.html#future>Python 打包工具的一些可能的将来</a>

</li><li><a href=packaging.html#furtherreading>深入阅读</a>

</li></ol>

</li><li id=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html>使用 <code>2to3</code> 将代码移植到 Python 3</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#divingin>深入</a>

</li><li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#print><code>print</code> 语句</a>

</li><li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#unicodeliteral>Unicode 字符串文字</a>

</li><li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#unicode><code>unicode()</code> 全局函数</a>

</li><li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#long><code>long</code> 数据类型</a>

</li><li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#ne>&lt;&gt; 比较</a>

</li><li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#has_key><code>has_key()</code> 字典方法</a>

</li><li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#dict>返回列表的字典方法</a>

</li><li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#imports>被重命名或重组的模块 reorganized</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#http><code>http</code></a>

</li><li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#urllib><code>urllib</code></a>

</li><li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#dbm><code>dbm</code></a>

</li><li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#xmlrpc><code>xmlrpc</code></a>

</li><li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#othermodules>其它模块</a>

</li></ol>

</li><li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#import>包内的相对 imports </a>

</li><li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#next><code>next()</code> 迭代器方法</a>

</li><li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#filter><code>filter()</code> 全局函数</a>

</li><li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#map><code>map()</code> 全局函数</a>

</li><li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#reduce><code>reduce()</code> 全局函数</a>

</li><li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#apply><code>apply()</code> 全局函数</a>

</li><li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#intern><code>intern()</code> 全局函数</a>

</li><li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#exec><code>exec</code> 语句</a>

</li><li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#execfile><code>execfile</code> 语句</a>

</li><li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#repr><code>repr</code> literals (backticks)</a>

</li><li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#except><code>try...except</code> 语句</a>

</li><li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#raise><code>raise</code> 语句</a>

</li><li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#throw><code>throw</code> method on generators</a>

</li><li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#xrange><code>xrange()</code> 全局函数</a>

</li><li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#raw_input><code>raw_input()</code> 和 <code>input()</code> 全局函数</a>

</li><li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#funcattrs><code>func_*</code> 函数属性</a>

</li><li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#xreadlines><code>xreadlines()</code> I/O 方法</a>

</li><li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#tuple_params><code>lambda</code> 函数接受元组而不是多参数</a>

</li><li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#methodattrs>特别方法属性</a>

</li><li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#nonzero><code>__nonzero__</code> 特别方法</a>

</li><li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#numliterals>八进制数字</a>

</li><li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#renames><code>sys.maxint</code></a>

</li><li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#callable><code>callable()</code> 全局函数</a>

</li><li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#zip><code>zip()</code> 全局函数</a>

</li><li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#standarderror><code>StandardError</code> 例外</a>

</li><li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#types><code>types</code> 模块常量</a>

</li><li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#isinstance><code>isinstance()</code> 全局函数</a>

</li><li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#basestring><code>basestring</code> 数据类型</a>

</li><li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#itertools><code>itertools</code> 模块</a>

</li><li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#sys_exc><code>sys.exc_type</code>、 <code>sys.exc_value</code>、<code>sys.exc_traceback</code></a>

</li><li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#paren>List comprehensions over tuples</a>

</li><li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#getcwdu><code>os.getcwdu()</code> 函数</a>

</li><li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#metaclass>元类</a>

</li><li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#nitpick>风格问题</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#set_literal><code>set()</code> literals （显式）</a>

</li><li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#buffer><code>buffer()</code> 全局函数（显式）</a>

</li><li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#wscomma>包围逗号的空白（显式）</a>

</li><li><a href=porting-code-to-python-3-with-2to3.html#idioms>常见习惯用法（显式）</a>

</li></ol>

</li></ol>

</li><li id=special-method-names><a href=special-method-names.html>特殊方法名称</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=special-method-names.html#divingin>深入</a>

</li><li><a href=special-method-names.html#basics>基础知识</a>

</li><li><a href=special-method-names.html#acts-like-iterator>行为方式与迭代器类似的类</a>

</li><li><a href=special-method-names.html#computed-attributes>计算属性</a>

</li><li><a href=special-method-names.html#acts-like-function>行为方式与函数类似的类</a>

</li><li><a href=special-method-names.html#acts-like-list>行为方式与序列类似的类</a>

</li><li><a href=special-method-names.html#acts-like-dict>行为方式与字典类似的类</a>

</li><li><a href=special-method-names.html#acts-like-number>行为方式与数值类似的类</a>

</li><li><a href=special-method-names.html#rich-comparisons>可比较的类</a>

</li><li><a href=special-method-names.html#pickle>可序列化的类</a>

</li><li><a href=special-method-names.html#context-managers>可在 <code>with</code> 语块中使用的类</a>

</li><li><a href=special-method-names.html#esoterica>真正神奇的东西</a>

</li><li><a href=special-method-names.html#furtherreading>深入阅读</a>

</li></ol>

</li><li id=where-to-go-from-here><a href=where-to-go-from-here.html>接下来阅读什么？</a>

<ol>

<li><a href=where-to-go-from-here.html#things-to-read>要阅读的对象</a>

</li><li><a href=where-to-go-from-here.html#code>到哪里找与 Python 3-兼容的代码</a>

</li></ol>

</li></ol><!-- /toc -->



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