/extlib/DB/DataObject.php

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<?php
/**
 * Object Based Database Query Builder and data store
 *
 * For PHP versions 4,5 and 6
 *
 * LICENSE: This source file is subject to version 3.01 of the PHP license
 * that is available through the world-wide-web at the following URI:
 * http://www.php.net/license/3_01.txt.  If you did not receive a copy of
 * the PHP License and are unable to obtain it through the web, please
 * send a note to license@php.net so we can mail you a copy immediately.
 *
 * @category   Database
 * @package    DB_DataObject
 * @author     Alan Knowles <alan@akbkhome.com>
 * @copyright  1997-2006 The PHP Group
 * @license    http://www.php.net/license/3_01.txt  PHP License 3.01
 * @version    CVS: $Id: DataObject.php 291349 2009-11-27 09:15:18Z alan_k $
 * @link       http://pear.php.net/package/DB_DataObject
 */
  

/* =========================================================================== 
 *
 *    !!!!!!!!!!!!!               W A R N I N G                !!!!!!!!!!!
 *
 *  THIS MAY SEGFAULT PHP IF YOU ARE USING THE ZEND OPTIMIZER (to fix it, 
 *  just add "define('DB_DATAOBJECT_NO_OVERLOAD',true);" before you include 
 *  this file. reducing the optimization level may also solve the segfault.
 *  ===========================================================================
 */

/**
 * The main "DB_DataObject" class is really a base class for your own tables classes
 *
 * // Set up the class by creating an ini file (refer to the manual for more details
 * [DB_DataObject]
 * database         = mysql:/username:password@host/database
 * schema_location = /home/myapplication/database
 * class_location  = /home/myapplication/DBTables/
 * clase_prefix    = DBTables_
 *
 *
 * //Start and initialize...................... - dont forget the &
 * $config = parse_ini_file('example.ini',true);
 * $options = &PEAR::getStaticProperty('DB_DataObject','options');
 * $options = $config['DB_DataObject'];
 *
 * // example of a class (that does not use the 'auto generated tables data')
 * class mytable extends DB_DataObject {
 *     // mandatory - set the table
 *     var $_database_dsn = "mysql://username:password@localhost/database";
 *     var $__table = "mytable";
 *     function table() {
 *         return array(
 *             'id' => 1, // integer or number
 *             'name' => 2, // string
 *        );
 *     }
 *     function keys() {
 *         return array('id');
 *     }
 * }
 *
 * // use in the application
 *
 *
 * Simple get one row
 *
 * $instance = new mytable;
 * $instance->get("id",12);
 * echo $instance->somedata;
 *
 *
 * Get multiple rows
 *
 * $instance = new mytable;
 * $instance->whereAdd("ID > 12");
 * $instance->whereAdd("ID < 14");
 * $instance->find();
 * while ($instance->fetch()) {
 *     echo $instance->somedata;
 * }


/**
 * Needed classes
 * - we use getStaticProperty from PEAR pretty extensively (cant remove it ATM)
 */

require_once 'PEAR.php';

/**
 * We are duping fetchmode constants to be compatible with
 * both DB and MDB2
 */
define('DB_DATAOBJECT_FETCHMODE_ORDERED',1); 
define('DB_DATAOBJECT_FETCHMODE_ASSOC',2);





/**
 * these are constants for the get_table array
 * user to determine what type of escaping is required around the object vars.
 */
define('DB_DATAOBJECT_INT',  1);  // does not require ''
define('DB_DATAOBJECT_STR',  2);  // requires ''

define('DB_DATAOBJECT_DATE', 4);  // is date #TODO
define('DB_DATAOBJECT_TIME', 8);  // is time #TODO
define('DB_DATAOBJECT_BOOL', 16); // is boolean #TODO
define('DB_DATAOBJECT_TXT',  32); // is long text #TODO
define('DB_DATAOBJECT_BLOB', 64); // is blob type


define('DB_DATAOBJECT_NOTNULL', 128);           // not null col.
define('DB_DATAOBJECT_MYSQLTIMESTAMP'   , 256);           // mysql timestamps (ignored by update/insert)
/*
 * Define this before you include DataObjects.php to  disable overload - if it segfaults due to Zend optimizer..
 */
//define('DB_DATAOBJECT_NO_OVERLOAD',true)  


/**
 * Theses are the standard error codes, most methods will fail silently - and return false
 * to access the error message either use $table->_lastError
 * or $last_error = PEAR::getStaticProperty('DB_DataObject','lastError');
 * the code is $last_error->code, and the message is $last_error->message (a standard PEAR error)
 */

define('DB_DATAOBJECT_ERROR_INVALIDARGS',   -1);  // wrong args to function
define('DB_DATAOBJECT_ERROR_NODATA',        -2);  // no data available
define('DB_DATAOBJECT_ERROR_INVALIDCONFIG', -3);  // something wrong with the config
define('DB_DATAOBJECT_ERROR_NOCLASS',       -4);  // no class exists
define('DB_DATAOBJECT_ERROR_INVALID_CALL'  ,-7);  // overlad getter/setter failure

/**
 * Used in methods like delete() and count() to specify that the method should
 * build the condition only out of the whereAdd's and not the object parameters.
 */
define('DB_DATAOBJECT_WHEREADD_ONLY', true);

/**
 *
 * storage for connection and result objects,
 * it is done this way so that print_r()'ing the is smaller, and
 * it reduces the memory size of the object.
 * -- future versions may use $this->_connection = & PEAR object..
 *   although will need speed tests to see how this affects it.
 * - includes sub arrays
 *   - connections = md5 sum mapp to pear db object
 *   - results     = [id] => map to pear db object
 *   - resultseq   = sequence id for results & results field
 *   - resultfields = [id] => list of fields return from query (for use with toArray())
 *   - ini         = mapping of database to ini file results
 *   - links       = mapping of database to links file
 *   - lasterror   = pear error objects for last error event.
 *   - config      = aliased view of PEAR::getStaticPropery('DB_DataObject','options') * done for performance.
 *   - array of loaded classes by autoload method - to stop it doing file access request over and over again!
 */
$GLOBALS['_DB_DATAOBJECT']['RESULTS']   = array();
$GLOBALS['_DB_DATAOBJECT']['RESULTSEQ'] = 1;
$GLOBALS['_DB_DATAOBJECT']['RESULTFIELDS'] = array();
$GLOBALS['_DB_DATAOBJECT']['CONNECTIONS'] = array();
$GLOBALS['_DB_DATAOBJECT']['INI'] = array();
$GLOBALS['_DB_DATAOBJECT']['LINKS'] = array();
$GLOBALS['_DB_DATAOBJECT']['SEQUENCE'] = array();
$GLOBALS['_DB_DATAOBJECT']['LASTERROR'] = null;
$GLOBALS['_DB_DATAOBJECT']['CONFIG'] = array();
$GLOBALS['_DB_DATAOBJECT']['CACHE'] = array();
$GLOBALS['_DB_DATAOBJECT']['OVERLOADED'] = false;
$GLOBALS['_DB_DATAOBJECT']['QUERYENDTIME'] = 0;


 
// this will be horrifically slow!!!!
// NOTE: Overload SEGFAULTS ON PHP4 + Zend Optimizer (see define before..)
// these two are BC/FC handlers for call in PHP4/5

if ( substr(phpversion(),0,1) == 5) {
    class DB_DataObject_Overload 
    {
        function __call($method,$args) 
        {
            $return = null;
            $this->_call($method,$args,$return);
            return $return;
        }
        function __sleep() 
        {
            return array_keys(get_object_vars($this)) ; 
        }
    }
} else {
    if (version_compare(phpversion(),'4.3.10','eq') && !defined('DB_DATAOBJECT_NO_OVERLOAD')) {
        trigger_error(
            "overload does not work with PHP4.3.10, either upgrade 
            (snaps.php.net) or more recent version 
            or define DB_DATAOBJECT_NO_OVERLOAD as per the manual.
            ",E_USER_ERROR);
    }

    if (!function_exists('clone')) {
        // emulate clone  - as per php_compact, slow but really the correct behaviour..
        eval('function clone($t) { $r = $t; if (method_exists($r,"__clone")) { $r->__clone(); } return $r; }');
    }
    eval('
        class DB_DataObject_Overload {
            function __call($method,$args,&$return) {
                return $this->_call($method,$args,$return); 
            }
        }
    ');
}

    


 

 /*
 *
 * @package  DB_DataObject
 * @author   Alan Knowles <alan@akbkhome.com>
 * @since    PHP 4.0
 */
 
class DB_DataObject extends DB_DataObject_Overload
{
   /**
    * The Version - use this to check feature changes
    *
    * @access   private
    * @var      string
    */
    var $_DB_DataObject_version = "1.9.0";

    /**
     * The Database table (used by table extends)
     *
     * @access  private
     * @var     string
     */
    var $__table = '';  // database table

    /**
     * The Number of rows returned from a query
     *
     * @access  public
     * @var     int
     */
    var $N = 0;  // Number of rows returned from a query

    /* ============================================================= */
    /*                      Major Public Methods                     */
    /* (designed to be optionally then called with parent::method()) */
    /* ============================================================= */


    /**
     * Get a result using key, value.
     *
     * for example
     * $object->get("ID",1234);
     * Returns Number of rows located (usually 1) for success,
     * and puts all the table columns into this classes variables
     *
     * see the fetch example on how to extend this.
     *
     * if no value is entered, it is assumed that $key is a value
     * and get will then use the first key in keys()
     * to obtain the key.
     *
     * @param   string  $k column
     * @param   string  $v value
     * @access  public
     * @return  int     No. of rows
     */
    function get($k = null, $v = null)
    {
        global $_DB_DATAOBJECT;
        if (empty($_DB_DATAOBJECT['CONFIG'])) {
            DB_DataObject::_loadConfig();
        }
        $keys = array();
        
        if ($v === null) {
            $v = $k;
            $keys = $this->keys();
            if (!$keys) {
                $this->raiseError("No Keys available for {$this->__table}", DB_DATAOBJECT_ERROR_INVALIDCONFIG);
                return false;
            }
            $k = $keys[0];
        }
        if (!empty($_DB_DATAOBJECT['CONFIG']['debug'])) {
            $this->debug("$k $v " .print_r($keys,true), "GET");
        }
        
        if ($v === null) {
            $this->raiseError("No Value specified for get", DB_DATAOBJECT_ERROR_INVALIDARGS);
            return false;
        }
        $this->$k = $v;
        return $this->find(1);
    }

    /**
     * An autoloading, caching static get method  using key, value (based on get)
     * (depreciated - use ::get / and your own caching method)
     * 
     * Usage:
     * $object = DB_DataObject::staticGet("DbTable_mytable",12);
     * or
     * $object =  DB_DataObject::staticGet("DbTable_mytable","name","fred");
     *
     * or write it into your extended class:
     * function &staticGet($k,$v=NULL) { return DB_DataObject::staticGet("This_Class",$k,$v);  }
     *
     * @param   string  $class class name
     * @param   string  $k     column (or value if using keys)
     * @param   string  $v     value (optional)
     * @access  public
     * @return  object
     */
    function &staticGet($class, $k, $v = null)
    {
        $lclass = strtolower($class);
        global $_DB_DATAOBJECT;
        if (empty($_DB_DATAOBJECT['CONFIG'])) {
            DB_DataObject::_loadConfig();
        }

        

        $key = "$k:$v";
        if ($v === null) {
            $key = $k;
        }
        if (!empty($_DB_DATAOBJECT['CONFIG']['debug'])) {
            DB_DataObject::debug("$class $key","STATIC GET - TRY CACHE");
        }
        if (!empty($_DB_DATAOBJECT['CACHE'][$lclass][$key])) {
            return $_DB_DATAOBJECT['CACHE'][$lclass][$key];
        }
        if (!empty($_DB_DATAOBJECT['CONFIG']['debug'])) {
            DB_DataObject::debug("$class $key","STATIC GET - NOT IN CACHE");
        }

        $obj = DB_DataObject::factory(substr($class,strlen($_DB_DATAOBJECT['CONFIG']['class_prefix'])));
        if (PEAR::isError($obj)) {
            DB_DataObject::raiseError("could not autoload $class", DB_DATAOBJECT_ERROR_NOCLASS);
            $r = false;
            return $r;
        }
        
        if (!isset($_DB_DATAOBJECT['CACHE'][$lclass])) {
            $_DB_DATAOBJECT['CACHE'][$lclass] = array();
        }
        if (!$obj->get($k,$v)) {
            DB_DataObject::raiseError("No Data return from get $k $v", DB_DATAOBJECT_ERROR_NODATA);
            
            $r = false;
            return $r;
        }
        $_DB_DATAOBJECT['CACHE'][$lclass][$key] = $obj;
        return $_DB_DATAOBJECT['CACHE'][$lclass][$key];
    }

    /**
     * find results, either normal or crosstable
     *
     * for example
     *
     * $object = new mytable();
     * $object->ID = 1;
     * $object->find();
     *
     *
     * will set $object->N to number of rows, and expects next command to fetch rows
     * will return $object->N
     *
     * @param   boolean $n Fetch first result
     * @access  public
     * @return  mixed (number of rows returned, or true if numRows fetching is not supported)
     */
    function find($n = false)
    {
        global $_DB_DATAOBJECT;
        if ($this->_query === false) {
            $this->raiseError(
                "You cannot do two queries on the same object (copy it before finding)", 
                DB_DATAOBJECT_ERROR_INVALIDARGS);
            return false;
        }
        
        if (empty($_DB_DATAOBJECT['CONFIG'])) {
            DB_DataObject::_loadConfig();
        }

        if (!empty($_DB_DATAOBJECT['CONFIG']['debug'])) {
            $this->debug($n, "find",1);
        }
        if (!$this->__table) {
            // xdebug can backtrace this!
            trigger_error("NO \$__table SPECIFIED in class definition",E_USER_ERROR);
        }
        $this->N = 0;
        $query_before = $this->_query;
        $this->_build_condition($this->table()) ;
        
        $quoteIdentifiers = !empty($_DB_DATAOBJECT['CONFIG']['quote_identifiers']);
        $this->_connect();
        $DB = &$_DB_DATAOBJECT['CONNECTIONS'][$this->_database_dsn_md5];
       
        /* We are checking for method modifyLimitQuery as it is PEAR DB specific */
        $sql = 'SELECT ' .
            $this->_query['data_select'] . " \n" .
            ' FROM ' . ($quoteIdentifiers ? $DB->quoteIdentifier($this->__table) : $this->__table) . " \n" .
            $this->_join . " \n" .
            $this->_query['condition'] . " \n" .
            $this->_query['group_by']  . " \n" .
            $this->_query['having']    . " \n" .
            $this->_query['order_by']  . " \n";
        
        if ((!isset($_DB_DATAOBJECT['CONFIG']['db_driver'])) || 
            ($_DB_DATAOBJECT['CONFIG']['db_driver'] == 'DB')) {
            /* PEAR DB specific */
        
            if (isset($this->_query['limit_start']) && strlen($this->_query['limit_start'] . $this->_query['limit_count'])) {
                $sql = $DB->modifyLimitQuery($sql,$this->_query['limit_start'], $this->_query['limit_count']);
            }
        } else {
            /* theoretically MDB2! */
            if (isset($this->_query['limit_start']) && strlen($this->_query['limit_start'] . $this->_query['limit_count'])) {
	            $DB->setLimit($this->_query['limit_count'],$this->_query['limit_start']);
	        }
        }
        
        
        $this->_query($sql);
        
        if (!empty($_DB_DATAOBJECT['CONFIG']['debug'])) {
            $this->debug("CHECK autofetchd $n", "find", 1);
        }
        
        // find(true)
        
        $ret = $this->N;
        if (!$ret && !empty($_DB_DATAOBJECT['RESULTS'][$this->_DB_resultid])) {     
            // clear up memory if nothing found!?
            unset($_DB_DATAOBJECT['RESULTS'][$this->_DB_resultid]);
        }
        
        if ($n && $this->N > 0 ) {
            if (!empty($_DB_DATAOBJECT['CONFIG']['debug'])) {
                $this->debug("ABOUT TO AUTOFETCH", "find", 1);
            }
            $fs = $this->fetch();
            // if fetch returns false (eg. failed), then the backend doesnt support numRows (eg. ret=true)
            // - hence find() also returns false..
            $ret = ($ret === true) ? $fs : $ret;
        }
        if (!empty($_DB_DATAOBJECT['CONFIG']['debug'])) {
            $this->debug("DONE", "find", 1);
        }
        $this->_query = $query_before;
        return $ret;
    }

    /**
     * fetches next row into this objects var's
     *
     * returns 1 on success 0 on failure
     *
     *
     *
     * Example
     * $object = new mytable();
     * $object->name = "fred";
     * $object->find();
     * $store = array();
     * while ($object->fetch()) {
     *   echo $this->ID;
     *   $store[] = $object; // builds an array of object lines.
     * }
     *
     * to add features to a fetch
     * function fetch () {
     *    $ret = parent::fetch();
     *    $this->date_formated = date('dmY',$this->date);
     *    return $ret;
     * }
     *
     * @access  public
     * @return  boolean on success
     */
    function fetch()
    {

        global $_DB_DATAOBJECT;
        if (empty($_DB_DATAOBJECT['CONFIG'])) {
            DB_DataObject::_loadConfig();
        }
        if (empty($this->N)) {
            if (!empty($_DB_DATAOBJECT['CONFIG']['debug'])) {
                $this->debug("No data returned from FIND (eg. N is 0)","FETCH", 3);
            }
            return false;
        }
        
        if (empty($_DB_DATAOBJECT['RESULTS'][$this->_DB_resultid]) || 
            !is_object($result = &$_DB_DATAOBJECT['RESULTS'][$this->_DB_resultid])) 
        {
            if (!empty($_DB_DATAOBJECT['CONFIG']['debug'])) {
                $this->debug('fetched on object after fetch completed (no results found)');
            }
            return false;
        }
        
        
        $array = $result->fetchRow(DB_DATAOBJECT_FETCHMODE_ASSOC);
        if (!empty($_DB_DATAOBJECT['CONFIG']['debug'])) {
            $this->debug(serialize($array),"FETCH");
        }
        
        // fetched after last row..
        if ($array === null) {
            if (!empty($_DB_DATAOBJECT['CONFIG']['debug'])) {
                $t= explode(' ',microtime());
            
                $this->debug("Last Data Fetch'ed after " . 
                        ($t[0]+$t[1]- $_DB_DATAOBJECT['QUERYENDTIME']  ) . 
                        " seconds",
                    "FETCH", 1);
            }
            // reduce the memory usage a bit... (but leave the id in, so count() works ok on it)
            unset($_DB_DATAOBJECT['RESULTS'][$this->_DB_resultid]);
            
            // we need to keep a copy of resultfields locally so toArray() still works
            // however we dont want to keep it in the global cache..
            
            if (!empty($_DB_DATAOBJECT['RESULTFIELDS'][$this->_DB_resultid])) {
                $this->_resultFields = $_DB_DATAOBJECT['RESULTFIELDS'][$this->_DB_resultid];
                unset($_DB_DATAOBJECT['RESULTFIELDS'][$this->_DB_resultid]);
            }
            // this is probably end of data!!
            //DB_DataObject::raiseError("fetch: no data returned", DB_DATAOBJECT_ERROR_NODATA);
            return false;
        }
        // make sure resultFields is always empty..
        $this->_resultFields = false;
        
        if (!isset($_DB_DATAOBJECT['RESULTFIELDS'][$this->_DB_resultid])) {
            // note: we dont declare this to keep the print_r size down.
            $_DB_DATAOBJECT['RESULTFIELDS'][$this->_DB_resultid]= array_flip(array_keys($array));
        }
        
        foreach($array as $k=>$v) {
            $kk = str_replace(".", "_", $k);
            $kk = str_replace(" ", "_", $kk);
            if (!empty($_DB_DATAOBJECT['CONFIG']['debug'])) {
                $this->debug("$kk = ". $array[$k], "fetchrow LINE", 3);
            }
            $this->$kk = $array[$k];
        }
        
        // set link flag
        $this->_link_loaded=false;
        if (!empty($_DB_DATAOBJECT['CONFIG']['debug'])) {
            $this->debug("{$this->__table} DONE", "fetchrow",2);
        }
        if (($this->_query !== false) &&  empty($_DB_DATAOBJECT['CONFIG']['keep_query_after_fetch'])) {
            $this->_query = false;
        }
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * Adds a condition to the WHERE statement, defaults to AND
     *
     * $object->whereAdd(); //reset or cleaer ewhwer
     * $object->whereAdd("ID > 20");
     * $object->whereAdd("age > 20","OR");
     *
     * @param    string  $cond  condition
     * @param    string  $logic optional logic "OR" (defaults to "AND")
     * @access   public
     * @return   string|PEAR::Error - previous condition or Error when invalid args found
     */
    function whereAdd($cond = false, $logic = 'AND')
    {
        // for PHP5.2.3 - there is a bug with setting array properties of an object.
        $_query = $this->_query;
         
        if (!isset($this->_query) || ($_query === false)) {
            return $this->raiseError(
                "You cannot do two queries on the same object (clone it before finding)", 
                DB_DATAOBJECT_ERROR_INVALIDARGS);
        }
        
        if ($cond === false) {
            $r = $this->_query['condition'];
            $_query['condition'] = '';
            $this->_query = $_query;
            return preg_replace('/^\s+WHERE\s+/','',$r);
        }
        // check input...= 0 or '   ' == error!
        if (!trim($cond)) {
            return $this->raiseError("WhereAdd: No Valid Arguments", DB_DATAOBJECT_ERROR_INVALIDARGS);
        }
        $r = $_query['condition'];
        if ($_query['condition']) {
            $_query['condition'] .= " {$logic} ( {$cond} )";
            $this->_query = $_query;
            return $r;
        }
        $_query['condition'] = " WHERE ( {$cond} ) ";
        $this->_query = $_query;
        return $r;
    }

    /**
     * Adds a order by condition
     *
     * $object->orderBy(); //clears order by
     * $object->orderBy("ID");
     * $object->orderBy("ID,age");
     *
     * @param  string $order  Order
     * @access public
     * @return none|PEAR::Error - invalid args only
     */
    function orderBy($order = false)
    {
        if ($this->_query === false) {
            $this->raiseError(
                "You cannot do two queries on the same object (copy it before finding)", 
                DB_DATAOBJECT_ERROR_INVALIDARGS);
            return false;
        }
        if ($order === false) {
            $this->_query['order_by'] = '';
            return;
        }
        // check input...= 0 or '    ' == error!
        if (!trim($order)) {
            return $this->raiseError("orderBy: No Valid Arguments", DB_DATAOBJECT_ERROR_INVALIDARGS);
        }
        
        if (!$this->_query['order_by']) {
            $this->_query['order_by'] = " ORDER BY {$order} ";
            return;
        }
        $this->_query['order_by'] .= " , {$order}";
    }

    /**
     * Adds a group by condition
     *
     * $object->groupBy(); //reset the grouping
     * $object->groupBy("ID DESC");
     * $object->groupBy("ID,age");
     *
     * @param  string  $group  Grouping
     * @access public
     * @return none|PEAR::Error - invalid args only
     */
    function groupBy($group = false)
    {
        if ($this->_query === false) {
            $this->raiseError(
                "You cannot do two queries on the same object (copy it before finding)", 
                DB_DATAOBJECT_ERROR_INVALIDARGS);
            return false;
        }
        if ($group === false) {
            $this->_query['group_by'] = '';
            return;
        }
        // check input...= 0 or '    ' == error!
        if (!trim($group)) {
            return $this->raiseError("groupBy: No Valid Arguments", DB_DATAOBJECT_ERROR_INVALIDARGS);
        }
        
        
        if (!$this->_query['group_by']) {
            $this->_query['group_by'] = " GROUP BY {$group} ";
            return;
        }
        $this->_query['group_by'] .= " , {$group}";
    }

    /**
     * Adds a having clause
     *
     * $object->having(); //reset the grouping
     * $object->having("sum(value) > 0 ");
     *
     * @param  string  $having  condition
     * @access public
     * @return none|PEAR::Error - invalid args only
     */
    function having($having = false)
    {
        if ($this->_query === false) {
            $this->raiseError(
                "You cannot do two queries on the same object (copy it before finding)", 
                DB_DATAOBJECT_ERROR_INVALIDARGS);
            return false;
        }
        if ($having === false) {
            $this->_query['having'] = '';
            return;
        }
        // check input...= 0 or '    ' == error!
        if (!trim($having)) {
            return $this->raiseError("Having: No Valid Arguments", DB_DATAOBJECT_ERROR_INVALIDARGS);
        }
        
        
        if (!$this->_query['having']) {
            $this->_query['having'] = " HAVING {$having} ";
            return;
        }
        $this->_query['having'] .= " AND {$having}";
    }

    /**
     * Sets the Limit
     *
     * $boject->limit(); // clear limit
     * $object->limit(12);
     * $object->limit(12,10);
     *
     * Note this will emit an error on databases other than mysql/postgress
     * as there is no 'clean way' to implement it. - you should consider refering to
     * your database manual to decide how you want to implement it.
     *
     * @param  string $a  limit start (or number), or blank to reset
     * @param  string $b  number
     * @access public
     * @return none|PEAR::Error - invalid args only
     */
    function limit($a = null, $b = null)
    {
        if ($this->_query === false) {
            $this->raiseError(
                "You cannot do two queries on the same object (copy it before finding)", 
                DB_DATAOBJECT_ERROR_INVALIDARGS);
            return false;
        }
        
        if ($a === null) {
           $this->_query['limit_start'] = '';
           $this->_query['limit_count'] = '';
           return;
        }
        // check input...= 0 or '    ' == error!
        if ((!is_int($a) && ((string)((int)$a) !== (string)$a)) 
            || (($b !== null) && (!is_int($b) && ((string)((int)$b) !== (string)$b)))) {
            return $this->raiseError("limit: No Valid Arguments", DB_DATAOBJECT_ERROR_INVALIDARGS);
        }
        global $_DB_DATAOBJECT;
        $this->_connect();
        $DB = &$_DB_DATAOBJECT['CONNECTIONS'][$this->_database_dsn_md5];
        
        $this->_query['limit_start'] = ($b == null) ? 0 : (int)$a;
        $this->_query['limit_count'] = ($b == null) ? (int)$a : (int)$b;
        
    }

    /**
     * Adds a select columns
     *
     * $object->selectAdd(); // resets select to nothing!
     * $object->selectAdd("*"); // default select
     * $object->selectAdd("unixtime(DATE) as udate");
     * $object->selectAdd("DATE");
     *
     * to prepend distict:
     * $object->selectAdd('distinct ' . $object->selectAdd());
     *
     * @param  string  $k
     * @access public
     * @return mixed null or old string if you reset it.
     */
    function selectAdd($k = null)
    {
        if ($this->_query === false) {
            $this->raiseError(
                "You cannot do two queries on the same object (copy it before finding)", 
                DB_DATAOBJECT_ERROR_INVALIDARGS);
            return false;
        }
        if ($k === null) {
            $old = $this->_query['data_select'];
            $this->_query['data_select'] = '';
            return $old;
        }
        
        // check input...= 0 or '    ' == error!
        if (!trim($k)) {
            return $this->raiseError("selectAdd: No Valid Arguments", DB_DATAOBJECT_ERROR_INVALIDARGS);
        }
        
        if ($this->_query['data_select']) {
            $this->_query['data_select'] .= ', ';
        }
        $this->_query['data_select'] .= " $k ";
    }
    /**
     * Adds multiple Columns or objects to select with formating.
     *
     * $object->selectAs(null); // adds "table.colnameA as colnameA,table.colnameB as colnameB,......"
     *                      // note with null it will also clear the '*' default select
     * $object->selectAs(array('a','b'),'%s_x'); // adds "a as a_x, b as b_x"
     * $object->selectAs(array('a','b'),'ddd_%s','ccc'); // adds "ccc.a as ddd_a, ccc.b as ddd_b"
     * $object->selectAdd($object,'prefix_%s'); // calls $object->get_table and adds it all as
     *                  objectTableName.colnameA as prefix_colnameA
     *
     * @param  array|object|null the array or object to take column names from.
     * @param  string           format in sprintf format (use %s for the colname)
     * @param  string           table name eg. if you have joinAdd'd or send $from as an array.
     * @access public
     * @return void
     */
    function selectAs($from = null,$format = '%s',$tableName=false)
    {
        global $_DB_DATAOBJECT;
        
        if ($this->_query === false) {
            $this->raiseError(
                "You cannot do two queries on the same object (copy it before finding)", 
                DB_DATAOBJECT_ERROR_INVALIDARGS);
            return false;
        }
        
        if ($from === null) {
            // blank the '*' 
            $this->selectAdd();
            $from = $this;
        }
        
        
        $table = $this->__table;
        if (is_object($from)) {
            $table = $from->__table;
            $from = array_keys($from->table());
        }
        
        if ($tableName !== false) {
            $table = $tableName;
        }
        $s = '%s';
        if (!empty($_DB_DATAOBJECT['CONFIG']['quote_identifiers'])) {
            $this->_connect();
            $DB = &$_DB_DATAOBJECT['CONNECTIONS'][$this->_database_dsn_md5];
            $s      = $DB->quoteIdentifier($s);
            $format = $DB->quoteIdentifier($format); 
        }
        foreach ($from as $k) {
            $this->selectAdd(sprintf("{$s}.{$s} as {$format}",$table,$k,$k));
        }
        $this->_query['data_select'] .= "\n";
    }
    /**
     * Insert the current objects variables into the database
     *
     * Returns the ID of the inserted element (if auto increment or sequences are used.)
     *
     * for example
     *
     * Designed to be extended
     *
     * $object = new mytable();
     * $object->name = "fred";
     * echo $object->insert();
     *
     * @access public
     * @return mixed false on failure, int when auto increment or sequence used, otherwise true on success
     */
    function insert()
    {
        global $_DB_DATAOBJECT;
        
        // we need to write to the connection (For nextid) - so us the real
        // one not, a copyied on (as ret-by-ref fails with overload!)
        
        if (!isset($_DB_DATAOBJECT['CONNECTIONS'][$this->_database_dsn_md5])) {
            $this->_connect();
        }
        
        $quoteIdentifiers  = !empty($_DB_DATAOBJECT['CONFIG']['quote_identifiers']);
        
        $DB = &$_DB_DATAOBJECT['CONNECTIONS'][$this->_database_dsn_md5];
         
        $items =  isset($_DB_DATAOBJECT['INI'][$this->_database][$this->__table]) ?   
            $_DB_DATAOBJECT['INI'][$this->_database][$this->__table] : $this->table();
            
        if (!$items) {
            $this->raiseError("insert:No table definition for {$this->__table}",
                DB_DATAOBJECT_ERROR_INVALIDCONFIG);
            return false;
        }
        $options = &$_DB_DATAOBJECT['CONFIG'];


        $datasaved = 1;
        $leftq     = '';
        $rightq    = '';
     
        $seqKeys   = isset($_DB_DATAOBJECT['SEQUENCE'][$this->_database][$this->__table]) ?
                        $_DB_DATAOBJECT['SEQUENCE'][$this->_database][$this->__table] : 
                        $this->sequenceKey();
        
        $key       = isset($seqKeys[0]) ? $seqKeys[0] : false;
        $useNative = isset($seqKeys[1]) ? $seqKeys[1] : false;
        $seq       = isset($seqKeys[2]) ? $seqKeys[2] : false;
        
        $dbtype    = $_DB_DATAOBJECT['CONNECTIONS'][$this->_database_dsn_md5]->dsn["phptype"];
        
         
        // nativeSequences or Sequences..     

        // big check for using sequences
        
        if (($key !== false) && !$useNative) { 
        
            if (!$seq) {
                $keyvalue =  $DB->nextId($this->__table);
            } else {
                $f = $DB->getOption('seqname_format');
                $DB->setOption('seqname_format','%s');
                $keyvalue =  $DB->nextId($seq);
                $DB->setOption('seqname_format',$f);
            }
            if (PEAR::isError($keyvalue)) {
                $this->raiseError($keyvalue->toString(), DB_DATAOBJECT_ERROR_INVALIDCONFIG);
                return false;
            }
            $this->$key = $keyvalue;
        }
        
        // if we haven't set disable_null_strings to "full"
        $ignore_null = !isset($options['disable_null_strings'])
                    || !is_string($options['disable_null_strings'])
                    || strtolower($options['disable_null_strings']) !== 'full' ;
                    
             
        foreach($items as $k => $v) {
            
            // if we are using autoincrement - skip the column...
            if ($key && ($k == $key) && $useNative) {
                continue;
            }
        
            
           
           
            // Ignore variables which aren't set to a value
        	if ( !isset($this->$k) && $ignore_null) {
                continue;
            }
            // dont insert data into mysql timestamps 
            // use query() if you really want to do this!!!!
            if ($v & DB_DATAOBJECT_MYSQLTIMESTAMP) {
                continue;
            }
            
            if ($leftq) {
                $leftq  .= ', ';
                $rightq .= ', ';
            }
            
            $leftq .= ($quoteIdentifiers ? ($DB->quoteIdentifier($k) . ' ')  : "$k ");
            
            if (is_a($this->$k,'DB_DataObject_Cast')) {
                $value = $this->$k->toString($v,$DB);
                if (PEAR::isError($value)) {
                    $this->raiseError($value->toString() ,DB_DATAOBJECT_ERROR_INVALIDARGS);
                    return false;
                }
                $rightq .=  $value;
                continue;
            }
            
            
            if (!($v & DB_DATAOBJECT_NOTNULL) && DB_DataObject::_is_null($this,$k)) {
                $rightq .= " NULL ";
                continue;
            }
            // DATE is empty... on a col. that can be null.. 
            // note: this may be usefull for time as well..
            if (!$this->$k && 
                    (($v & DB_DATAOBJECT_DATE) || ($v & DB_DATAOBJECT_TIME)) && 
                    !($v & DB_DATAOBJECT_NOTNULL)) {
                    
                $rightq .= " NULL ";
                continue;
            }
              
            
            if ($v & DB_DATAOBJECT_STR) {
                $rightq .= $this->_quote((string) (
                        ($v & DB_DATAOBJECT_BOOL) ? 
                            // this is thanks to the braindead idea of postgres to 
                            // use t/f for boolean.
                            (($this->$k === 'f') ? 0 : (int)(bool) $this->$k) :  
                            $this->$k
                    )) . " ";
                continue;
            }
            if (is_numeric($this->$k)) {
                $rightq .=" {$this->$k} ";
                continue;
            }
            /* flag up string values - only at debug level... !!!??? */
            if (is_object($this->$k) || is_array($this->$k)) {
                $this->debug('ODD DATA: ' .$k . ' ' .  print_r($this->$k,true),'ERROR');
            }
            
            // at present we only cast to integers
            // - V2 may store additional data about float/int
            $rightq .= ' ' . intval($this->$k) . ' ';

        }
        
        // not sure why we let empty insert here.. - I guess to generate a blank row..
        
        
        if ($leftq || $useNative) {
            $table = ($quoteIdentifiers ? $DB->quoteIdentifier($this->__table)    : $this->__table);
            
            
            if (($dbtype == 'pgsql') && empty($leftq)) {
                $r = $this->_query("INSERT INTO {$table} DEFAULT VALUES");
            } else {
               $r = $this->_query("INSERT INTO {$table} ($leftq) VALUES ($rightq) ");
            }
            
 
            
            
            if (PEAR::isError($r)) {
                $this->raiseError($r);
                return false;
            }
            
            if ($r < 1) {
                return 0;
            }
            
            
            // now do we have an integer key!
            
            if ($key && $useNative) {
                switch ($dbtype) {
                    case 'mysql':
                    case 'mysqli':
                        $method = "{$dbtype}_insert_id";
                        $this->$key = $method(
                            $_DB_DATAOBJECT['CONNECTIONS'][$this->_database_dsn_md5]->connection
                        );
                        break;
                    
                    case 'mssql':
                        // note this is not really thread safe - you should wrapp it with 
                        // transactions = eg.
                        // $db->query('BEGIN');
                        // $db->insert();
                        // $db->query('COMMIT');
                        $db_driver = empty($options['db_driver']) ? 'DB' : $options['db_driver'];
                        $method = ($db_driver  == 'DB') ? 'getOne' : 'queryOne';
                        $mssql_key = $DB->$method("SELECT @@IDENTITY");
                        if (PEAR::isError($mssql_key)) {
                            $this->raiseError($mssql_key);
                            return false;
                        }
                        $this->$key = $mssql_key;
                        break; 
                        
                    case 'pgsql':
                        if (!$seq) {
                            $seq = $DB->getSequenceName(strtolower($this->__table));
                        }
                        $db_driver = empty($options['db_driver']) ? 'DB' : $options['db_driver'];
                        $method = ($db_driver  == 'DB') ? 'getOne' : 'queryOne';
                        $pgsql_key = $DB->$method("SELECT currval('".$seq . "')"); 


                        if (PEAR::isError($pgsql_key)) {
                            $this->raiseError($pgsql_key);
                            return false;
                        }
                        $this->$key = $pgsql_key;
                        break;
                    
                    case 'ifx':
                        $this->$key = array_shift (
                            ifx_fetch_row (
                                ifx_query(
                                    "select DBINFO('sqlca.sqlerrd1') FROM systables where tabid=1",
                                    $_DB_DATAOBJECT['CONNECTIONS'][$this->_database_dsn_md5]->connection,
                                    IFX_SCROLL
                                ), 
                                "FIRST"
                            )
                        ); 
                        break;
                    
                }
                        
            }

            if (isset($_DB_DATAOBJECT['CACHE'][strtolower(get_class($this))])) {
                $this->_clear_cache();
            }
            if ($key) {
                return $this->$key;
            }
            return true;
        }
        $this->raiseError("insert: No Data specifed for query", DB_DATAOBJECT_ERROR_NODATA);
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * Updates  current objects variables into the database
     * uses the keys() to decide how to update
     * Returns the  true on success
     *
     * for example
     *
     * $object = DB_DataObject::factory('mytable');
     * $object->get("ID",234);
     * $object->email="testing@test.com";
     * if(!$object->update())
     *   echo "UPDATE FAILED";
     *
     * to only update changed items :
     * $dataobject->get(132);
     * $original = $dataobject; // clone/copy it..
     * $dataobject->setFrom($_POST);
     * if ($dataobject->validate()) {
     *    $dataobject->update($original);
     * } // otherwise an error...
     *
     * performing global updates:
     * $object = DB_DataObject::factory('mytable');
     * $object->status = "dead";
     * $object->whereAdd('age > 150');
     * $object->update(DB_DATAOBJECT_WHEREADD_ONLY);
     *
     * @param object dataobject (optional) | DB_DATAOBJECT_WHEREADD_ONLY - used to only update changed items.
     * @access public
     * @return  int rows affected or false on failure
     */
    function update($dataObject = false)
    {
        global $_DB_DATAOBJECT;
        // connect will load the config!
        $this->_connect();
        
        
        $original_query =  $this->_query;
        
        $items =  isset($_DB_DATAOBJECT['INI'][$this->_database][$this->__table]) ?   
            $_DB_DATAOBJECT['INI'][$this->_database][$this->__table] : $this->table();
        
        // only apply update against sequence key if it is set?????
        
        $seq    = $this->sequenceKey();
        if ($seq[0] !== false) {
            $keys = array($seq[0]);
            if (empty($this->{$keys[0]}) && $dataObject !== true) {
                $this->raiseError("update: trying to perform an update without 
                        the key set, and argument to update is not 
                        DB_DATAOBJECT_WHEREADD_ONLY
                    ", DB_DATAOBJECT_ERROR_INVALIDARGS);
                return false;  
            }
        } else {
            $keys = $this->keys();
        }
        
         
        if (!$items) {
            $this->raiseError("update:No table definition for {$this->__table}", DB_DATAOBJECT_ERROR_INVALIDCONFIG);
            return false;
        }
        $datasaved = 1;
        $settings  = '';
        $this->_connect();
        
        $DB            = &$_DB_DATAOBJECT['CONNECTIONS'][$this->_database_dsn_md5];
        $dbtype        = $DB->dsn["phptype"];
        $quoteIdentifiers = !empty($_DB_DATAOBJECT['CONFIG']['quote_identifiers']);
        $options = $_DB_DATAOBJECT['CONFIG'];
        
        
        $ignore_null = !isset($options['disable_null_strings'])
                    || !is_string($options['disable_null_strings'])
                    || strtolower($options['disable_null_strings']) !== 'full' ;
                    
        
        foreach($items as $k => $v) {
            
            if (!isset($this->$k) && $ignore_null) {
                continue;
            }
            // ignore stuff thats 
          
            // dont write things that havent changed..
            if (($dataObject !== false) && isset($dataObject->$k) && ($dataObject->$k === $this->$k)) {
                continue;
            }
            
            // - dont write keys to left.!!!
            if (in_array($k,$keys)) {
                continue;
            }
            
             // dont insert data into mysql timestamps 
            // use query() if you really want to do this!!!!
            if ($v & DB_DATAOBJECT_MYSQLTIMESTAMP) {
                continue;
            }
            
            
            if ($settings)  {
                $settings .= ', ';
            }
            
            $kSql = ($quoteIdentifiers ? $DB->quoteIdentifier($k) : $k);
            
            if (is_a($this->$k,'DB_DataObject_Cast')) {
                $value = $this->$k->toString($v,$DB);
                if (PEAR::isError($value)) {
                    $this->raiseError($value->getMessage() ,DB_DATAOBJECT_ERROR_INVALIDARG);
                    return false;
                }
                $settings .= "$kSql = $value ";
                continue;
            }
            
            // special values ... at least null is handled...
            if (!($v & DB_DATAOBJECT_NOTNULL) && DB_DataObject::_is_null($this,$k)) {
                $settings .= "$kSql = NULL ";
                continue;
            }
            // DATE is empty... on a col. that can be null.. 
            // note: this may be usefull for time as well..
            if (!$this->$k && 
                    (($v & DB_DATAOBJECT_DATE) || ($v & DB_DATAOBJECT_TIME)) && 
                    !($v & DB_DATAOBJECT_NOTNULL)) {
                    
                $settings .= "$kSql = NULL ";
                continue;
            }
            

            if ($v & DB_DATAOBJECT_STR) {
                $settings .= "$kSql = ". $this->_quote((string) (
                        ($v & DB_DATAOBJECT_BOOL) ? 
                            // this is thanks to the braindead idea of postgres to 
                            // use t/f for boolean.
                            (($this->$k === 'f') ? 0 : (int)(bool) $this->$k) :  
                            $this->$k
                    )) . ' ';
                continue;
            }
            if (is_numeric($this->$k)) {
                $settings .= "$kSql = {$this->$k} ";
                continue;
            }
            // at present we only cast to integers
            // - V2 may store additional data about float/int
            $settings .= "$kSql = " . intval($this->$k) . ' ';
        }

        
        if (!empty($_DB_DATAOBJECT['CONFIG']['debug'])) {
            $this->debug("got keys as ".serialize($keys),3);
        }
        if ($dataObject !== true) {
            $this->_build_condition($items,$keys);
        } else {
            // prevent wiping out of data!
            if (empty($this->_query['condition'])) {
                 $this->raiseError("update: global table update not available
                        do \$do->whereAdd('1=1'); if you really want to do that.
                    ", DB_DATAOBJECT_ERROR_INVALIDARGS);
                return false;
            }
        }
        
        
        
        //  echo " $settings, $this->condition ";
        if ($settings && isset($this->_query) && $this->_query['condition']) {
            
            $table = ($quoteIdentifiers ? $DB->quoteIdentifier($this->__table) : $this->__table);
        
            $r = $this->_query("UPDATE  {$table}  SET {$settings} {$this->_query['condition']} ");
            
            // restore original query conditions.
            $this->_query = $original_query;
            
            if (PEAR::isError($r)) {
                $this->raiseError($r);
                return false;
            }
            if ($r < 1) {
                return 0;
            }

            $this->_clear_cache();
            return $r;
        }
        // restore original query conditions.
        $this->_query = $original_query;
        
        // if you manually specified a dataobject, and there where no changes - then it's ok..
        if ($dataObject !== false) {
            return true;
        }
        
        $this->raiseError(
            "update: No Data specifed for query $settings , {$this->_query['condition']}", 
            DB_DATAOBJECT_ERROR_NODATA);
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * Deletes items from table which match current objects variables
     *
     * Returns the true on success
     *
     * for example
     *
     * Designed to be extended
     *
     * $object = new mytable();
     * $object->ID=123;
     * echo $object->delete(); // builds a conditon
     *
     * $object = new mytable();
     * $object->whereAdd('age > 12');
     * $object->limit(1);
     * $object->orderBy('age DESC');
     * $object->delete(true); // dont use object vars, use the conditions, limit and order.
     *
     * @param bool $useWhere (optional) If DB_DATAOBJECT_WHEREADD_ONLY is passed in then
     *             we will build the condition only using the whereAdd's.  Default is to
     *             build the condition only using the object parameters.
     *
     * @access public
     * @return mixed Int (No. of rows affected) on success, false on failure, 0 on no data affected
     */
    function delete($useWhere = false)
    {
        global $_DB_DATAOBJECT;
        // connect will load the config!
        $this->_connect();
        $DB = &$_DB_DATAOBJECT['CONNECTIONS'][$this->_database_dsn_md5];
        $quoteIdentifiers  = !empty($_DB_DATAOBJECT['CONFIG']['quote_identifiers']);
        
        $extra_cond = ' ' . (isset($this->_query['order_by']) ? $this->_query['order_by'] : ''); 
        
        if (!$useWhere) {

            $keys = $this->keys();
            $this->_query = array(); // as it's probably unset!
            $this->_query['condition'] = ''; // default behaviour not to use where condition
            $this->_build_condition($this->table(),$keys);
            // if primary keys are not set then use data from rest of object.
            if (!$this->_query['condition']) {
                $this->_build_condition($this->table(),array(),$keys);
            }
            $extra_cond = '';
        } 
            

        // don't delete without a condition
        if (($this->_query !== false) && $this->_query['condition']) {
        
            $table = ($quoteIdentifiers ? $DB->quoteIdentifier($this->__table) : $this->__table);
            $sql = "DELETE ";
            // using a joined delete. - with useWhere..
            $sql .= (!empty($this->_join) && $useWhere) ? 
                "{$table} FROM {$table} {$this->_join} " : 
                "FROM {$table} ";
                
            $sql .= $this->_query['condition']. $extra_cond;
            
            // add limit..
            
            if (isset($this->_query['limit_start']) && strlen($this->_query['limit_start'] . $this->_query['limit_count'])) {
                
                if (!isset($_DB_DATAOBJECT['CONFIG']['db_driver']) ||  
                    ($_DB_DATAOBJECT['…