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Possible License(s): BSD-3-Clause, AGPL-1.0, Apache-2.0, LGPL-2.0, LGPL-3.0, GPL-2.0, CC-BY-SA-3.0, LGPL-2.1, GPL-3.0, MPL-2.0-no-copyleft-exception, IPL-1.0
  1<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0//EN">
  2<HTML>
  3<HEAD>
  4<TITLE>GNU General Public License - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF)</TITLE>
  5</HEAD>
  6<BODY BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#000000" LINK="#1F00FF" ALINK="#FF0000" VLINK="#9900DD">
  7
  8Version 2, June 1991<p>
  9
 10<code>
 11Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.<br>
 1259 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307, USA<p>
 13
 14Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
 15of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
 16</code>
 17
 18
 19
 20<H2>Preamble</H2>
 21
 22<P>
 23  The licenses for most software are designed to take away your
 24freedom to share and change it.  By contrast, the GNU General Public
 25License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free
 26software--to make sure the software is free for all its users.  This
 27General Public License applies to most of the Free Software
 28Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to
 29using it.  (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by
 30the GNU Library General Public License instead.)  You can apply it to
 31your programs, too.
 32
 33</P>
 34<P>
 35  When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
 36price.  Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
 37have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
 38this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it
 39if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it
 40in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things.
 41
 42</P>
 43<P>
 44  To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid
 45anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights.
 46These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you
 47distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.
 48
 49</P>
 50<P>
 51  For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether
 52gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that
 53you have.  You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the
 54source code.  And you must show them these terms so they know their
 55rights.
 56
 57</P>
 58<P>
 59  We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and
 60(2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy,
 61distribute and/or modify the software.
 62
 63</P>
 64<P>
 65  Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain
 66that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free
 67software.  If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we
 68want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so
 69that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original
 70authors' reputations.
 71
 72</P>
 73<P>
 74  Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software
 75patents.  We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free
 76program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the
 77program proprietary.  To prevent this, we have made it clear that any
 78patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all.
 79
 80</P>
 81<P>
 82  The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
 83modification follow.
 84
 85</P>
 86
 87
 88<H2>TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION</H2>
 89
 90
 91<P>
 92
 93<STRONG>0.</STRONG>
 94 This License applies to any program or other work which contains
 95a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed
 96under the terms of this General Public License.  The "Program", below,
 97refers to any such program or work, and a "work based on the Program"
 98means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law:
 99that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it,
100either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another
101language.  (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in
102the term "modification".)  Each licensee is addressed as "you".
103<P>
104
105Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not
106covered by this License; they are outside its scope.  The act of
107running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program
108is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the
109Program (independent of having been made by running the Program).
110Whether that is true depends on what the Program does.
111
112<P>
113
114<STRONG>1.</STRONG>
115 You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's
116source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you
117conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate
118copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the
119notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty;
120and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License
121along with the Program.
122<P>
123
124You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and
125you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee.
126<P>
127
128<STRONG>2.</STRONG>
129 You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion
130of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and
131distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1
132above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:
133<P>
134
135<UL>
136
137<LI><STRONG>a)</STRONG>
138     You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices
139     stating that you changed the files and the date of any change.
140
141<P>
142<LI><STRONG>b)</STRONG>
143     You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in
144     whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any
145     part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third
146     parties under the terms of this License.
147
148<P>
149<LI><STRONG>c)</STRONG>
150     If the modified program normally reads commands interactively
151     when run, you must cause it, when started running for such
152     interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an
153     announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a
154     notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide
155     a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under
156     these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this
157     License.  (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but
158     does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on
159     the Program is not required to print an announcement.)
160</UL>
161
162These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole.  If
163identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program,
164and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in
165themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those
166sections when you distribute them as separate works.  But when you
167distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based
168on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of
169this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the
170entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it.
171<P>
172
173Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest
174your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to
175exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or
176collective works based on the Program.
177<P>
178
179In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program
180with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of
181a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under
182the scope of this License.
183
184<P>
185
186<STRONG>3.</STRONG>
187 You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it,
188under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of
189Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following:
190
191
192<!-- we use this doubled UL to get the sub-sections indented, -->
193<!-- while making the bullets as unobvious as possible. -->
194<UL>
195
196<LI><STRONG>a)</STRONG>
197     Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable
198     source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections
199     1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or,
200
201<P>
202<LI><STRONG>b)</STRONG>
203     Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three
204     years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your
205     cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete
206     machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be
207     distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium
208     customarily used for software interchange; or,
209
210<P>
211<LI><STRONG>c)</STRONG>
212     Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer
213     to distribute corresponding source code.  (This alternative is
214     allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you
215     received the program in object code or executable form with such
216     an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.)
217</UL>
218
219The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for
220making modifications to it.  For an executable work, complete source
221code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any
222associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to
223control compilation and installation of the executable.  However, as a
224special exception, the source code distributed need not include
225anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary
226form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the
227operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component
228itself accompanies the executable.
229<P>
230
231If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering
232access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent
233access to copy the source code from the same place counts as
234distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not
235compelled to copy the source along with the object code.
236<P>
237
238<STRONG>4.</STRONG>
239 You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program
240except as expressly provided under this License.  Any attempt
241otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is
242void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License.
243However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under
244this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such
245parties remain in full compliance.
246
247<P>
248
249<STRONG>5.</STRONG>
250 You are not required to accept this License, since you have not
251signed it.  However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or
252distribute the Program or its derivative works.  These actions are
253prohibited by law if you do not accept this License.  Therefore, by
254modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the
255Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and
256all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying
257the Program or works based on it.
258
259<P>
260
261<STRONG>6.</STRONG>
262 Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the
263Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the
264original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to
265these terms and conditions.  You may not impose any further
266restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein.
267You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to
268this License.
269
270<P>
271
272<STRONG>7.</STRONG>
273 If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent
274infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues),
275conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
276otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
277excuse you from the conditions of this License.  If you cannot
278distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this
279License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you
280may not distribute the Program at all.  For example, if a patent
281license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by
282all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then
283the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to
284refrain entirely from distribution of the Program.
285<P>
286
287If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under
288any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to
289apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other
290circumstances.
291<P>
292
293It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any
294patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any
295such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the
296integrity of the free software distribution system, which is
297implemented by public license practices.  Many people have made
298generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed
299through that system in reliance on consistent application of that
300system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing
301to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot
302impose that choice.
303<P>
304
305This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to
306be a consequence of the rest of this License.
307
308<P>
309
310<STRONG>8.</STRONG>
311 If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in
312certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the
313original copyright holder who places the Program under this License
314may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding
315those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among
316countries not thus excluded.  In such case, this License incorporates
317the limitation as if written in the body of this License.
318
319<P>
320
321<STRONG>9.</STRONG>
322 The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions
323of the General Public License from time to time.  Such new versions will
324be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
325address new problems or concerns.
326<P>
327
328Each version is given a distinguishing version number.  If the Program
329specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and "any
330later version", you have the option of following the terms and conditions
331either of that version or of any later version published by the Free
332Software Foundation.  If the Program does not specify a version number of
333this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software
334Foundation.
335
336<P>
337
338
339<STRONG>10.</STRONG>
340 If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free
341programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author
342to ask for permission.  For software which is copyrighted by the Free
343Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes
344make exceptions for this.  Our decision will be guided by the two goals
345of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and
346of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally.
347
348
349
350<P><STRONG>NO WARRANTY</STRONG></P>
351
352<P>
353
354<STRONG>11.</STRONG>
355 BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY
356FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW.  EXCEPT WHEN
357OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES
358PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED
359OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
360MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  THE ENTIRE RISK AS
361TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU.  SHOULD THE
362PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING,
363REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
364
365<P>
366
367<STRONG>12.</STRONG>
368 IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
369WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR
370REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES,
371INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING
372OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED
373TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY
374YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER
375PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE
376POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
377
378<P>
379
380<!--
381<H2>END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS</H2>
382
383
384
385<H2>How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs</H2>
386
387<P>
388  If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
389possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
390free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
391
392</P>
393<P>
394  To do so, attach the following notices to the program.  It is safest
395to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
396convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
397the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
398
399</P>
400
401<code>
402<VAR>one line to give the program's name and an idea of what it does.</VAR>
403Copyright (C) <VAR>yyyy</VAR>  <VAR>name of author</VAR>
404
405This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
406modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
407as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
408of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
409
410This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
411but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
412MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
413GNU General Public License for more details.
414
415You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
416along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
417Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307, USA.
418</code>
419
420<P>
421Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
422
423</P>
424<P>
425If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this
426when it starts in an interactive mode:
427
428</P>
429
430<code>
431Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) <VAR>year</VAR> <VAR>name of author</VAR><p>
432Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details
433type `show w'.  This is free software, and you are welcome
434to redistribute it under certain conditions; type `show c'
435for details.
436</code>
437
438<P>
439The hypothetical commands <SAMP>`show w'</SAMP> and <SAMP>`show c'</SAMP> should show
440the appropriate parts of the General Public License.  Of course, the
441commands you use may be called something other than <SAMP>`show w'</SAMP> and
442<SAMP>`show c'</SAMP>; they could even be mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever
443suits your program.
444
445</P>
446<P>
447You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your
448school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if
449necessary.  Here is a sample; alter the names:
450
451</P>
452
453<code>
454Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright
455interest in the program `Gnomovision'
456(which makes passes at compilers) written 
457by James Hacker.<p>
458
459<VAR>signature of Ty Coon</VAR>, 1 April 1989
460Ty Coon, President of Vice
461</code>
462
463<P>
464This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into
465proprietary programs.  If your program is a subroutine library, you may
466consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the
467library.  If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General
468Public License instead of this License.
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