/thirdparty/breakpad/third_party/protobuf/protobuf/gtest/src/gtest-port.cc

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 29//
 30// Author: wan@google.com (Zhanyong Wan)
 31
 32#include <gtest/internal/gtest-port.h>
 33
 34#include <limits.h>
 35#include <stdlib.h>
 36#include <stdio.h>
 37
 38#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
 39#include <windows.h>  // For TerminateProcess()
 40#elif GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
 41#include <io.h>
 42#include <sys/stat.h>
 43#else
 44#include <unistd.h>
 45#endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
 46
 47#if GTEST_OS_MAC
 48#include <mach/mach_init.h>
 49#include <mach/task.h>
 50#include <mach/vm_map.h>
 51#endif  // GTEST_OS_MAC
 52
 53#include <gtest/gtest-spi.h>
 54#include <gtest/gtest-message.h>
 55#include <gtest/internal/gtest-string.h>
 56
 57// Indicates that this translation unit is part of Google Test's
 58// implementation.  It must come before gtest-internal-inl.h is
 59// included, or there will be a compiler error.  This trick is to
 60// prevent a user from accidentally including gtest-internal-inl.h in
 61// his code.
 62#define GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_ 1
 63#include "src/gtest-internal-inl.h"
 64#undef GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_
 65
 66namespace testing {
 67namespace internal {
 68
 69#if defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__BORLANDC__)
 70// MSVC and C++Builder do not provide a definition of STDERR_FILENO.
 71const int kStdOutFileno = 1;
 72const int kStdErrFileno = 2;
 73#else
 74const int kStdOutFileno = STDOUT_FILENO;
 75const int kStdErrFileno = STDERR_FILENO;
 76#endif  // _MSC_VER
 77
 78#if GTEST_OS_MAC
 79
 80// Returns the number of threads running in the process, or 0 to indicate that
 81// we cannot detect it.
 82size_t GetThreadCount() {
 83  const task_t task = mach_task_self();
 84  mach_msg_type_number_t thread_count;
 85  thread_act_array_t thread_list;
 86  const kern_return_t status = task_threads(task, &thread_list, &thread_count);
 87  if (status == KERN_SUCCESS) {
 88    // task_threads allocates resources in thread_list and we need to free them
 89    // to avoid leaks.
 90    vm_deallocate(task,
 91                  reinterpret_cast<vm_address_t>(thread_list),
 92                  sizeof(thread_t) * thread_count);
 93    return static_cast<size_t>(thread_count);
 94  } else {
 95    return 0;
 96  }
 97}
 98
 99#else
100
101size_t GetThreadCount() {
102  // There's no portable way to detect the number of threads, so we just
103  // return 0 to indicate that we cannot detect it.
104  return 0;
105}
106
107#endif  // GTEST_OS_MAC
108
109#if GTEST_USES_POSIX_RE
110
111// Implements RE.  Currently only needed for death tests.
112
113RE::~RE() {
114  if (is_valid_) {
115    // regfree'ing an invalid regex might crash because the content
116    // of the regex is undefined. Since the regex's are essentially
117    // the same, one cannot be valid (or invalid) without the other
118    // being so too.
119    regfree(&partial_regex_);
120    regfree(&full_regex_);
121  }
122  free(const_cast<char*>(pattern_));
123}
124
125// Returns true iff regular expression re matches the entire str.
126bool RE::FullMatch(const char* str, const RE& re) {
127  if (!re.is_valid_) return false;
128
129  regmatch_t match;
130  return regexec(&re.full_regex_, str, 1, &match, 0) == 0;
131}
132
133// Returns true iff regular expression re matches a substring of str
134// (including str itself).
135bool RE::PartialMatch(const char* str, const RE& re) {
136  if (!re.is_valid_) return false;
137
138  regmatch_t match;
139  return regexec(&re.partial_regex_, str, 1, &match, 0) == 0;
140}
141
142// Initializes an RE from its string representation.
143void RE::Init(const char* regex) {
144  pattern_ = posix::StrDup(regex);
145
146  // Reserves enough bytes to hold the regular expression used for a
147  // full match.
148  const size_t full_regex_len = strlen(regex) + 10;
149  char* const full_pattern = new char[full_regex_len];
150
151  snprintf(full_pattern, full_regex_len, "^(%s)$", regex);
152  is_valid_ = regcomp(&full_regex_, full_pattern, REG_EXTENDED) == 0;
153  // We want to call regcomp(&partial_regex_, ...) even if the
154  // previous expression returns false.  Otherwise partial_regex_ may
155  // not be properly initialized can may cause trouble when it's
156  // freed.
157  //
158  // Some implementation of POSIX regex (e.g. on at least some
159  // versions of Cygwin) doesn't accept the empty string as a valid
160  // regex.  We change it to an equivalent form "()" to be safe.
161  if (is_valid_) {
162    const char* const partial_regex = (*regex == '\0') ? "()" : regex;
163    is_valid_ = regcomp(&partial_regex_, partial_regex, REG_EXTENDED) == 0;
164  }
165  EXPECT_TRUE(is_valid_)
166      << "Regular expression \"" << regex
167      << "\" is not a valid POSIX Extended regular expression.";
168
169  delete[] full_pattern;
170}
171
172#elif GTEST_USES_SIMPLE_RE
173
174// Returns true iff ch appears anywhere in str (excluding the
175// terminating '\0' character).
176bool IsInSet(char ch, const char* str) {
177  return ch != '\0' && strchr(str, ch) != NULL;
178}
179
180// Returns true iff ch belongs to the given classification.  Unlike
181// similar functions in <ctype.h>, these aren't affected by the
182// current locale.
183bool IsDigit(char ch) { return '0' <= ch && ch <= '9'; }
184bool IsPunct(char ch) {
185  return IsInSet(ch, "^-!\"#$%&'()*+,./:;<=>?@[\\]_`{|}~");
186}
187bool IsRepeat(char ch) { return IsInSet(ch, "?*+"); }
188bool IsWhiteSpace(char ch) { return IsInSet(ch, " \f\n\r\t\v"); }
189bool IsWordChar(char ch) {
190  return ('a' <= ch && ch <= 'z') || ('A' <= ch && ch <= 'Z') ||
191      ('0' <= ch && ch <= '9') || ch == '_';
192}
193
194// Returns true iff "\\c" is a supported escape sequence.
195bool IsValidEscape(char c) {
196  return (IsPunct(c) || IsInSet(c, "dDfnrsStvwW"));
197}
198
199// Returns true iff the given atom (specified by escaped and pattern)
200// matches ch.  The result is undefined if the atom is invalid.
201bool AtomMatchesChar(bool escaped, char pattern_char, char ch) {
202  if (escaped) {  // "\\p" where p is pattern_char.
203    switch (pattern_char) {
204      case 'd': return IsDigit(ch);
205      case 'D': return !IsDigit(ch);
206      case 'f': return ch == '\f';
207      case 'n': return ch == '\n';
208      case 'r': return ch == '\r';
209      case 's': return IsWhiteSpace(ch);
210      case 'S': return !IsWhiteSpace(ch);
211      case 't': return ch == '\t';
212      case 'v': return ch == '\v';
213      case 'w': return IsWordChar(ch);
214      case 'W': return !IsWordChar(ch);
215    }
216    return IsPunct(pattern_char) && pattern_char == ch;
217  }
218
219  return (pattern_char == '.' && ch != '\n') || pattern_char == ch;
220}
221
222// Helper function used by ValidateRegex() to format error messages.
223String FormatRegexSyntaxError(const char* regex, int index) {
224  return (Message() << "Syntax error at index " << index
225          << " in simple regular expression \"" << regex << "\": ").GetString();
226}
227
228// Generates non-fatal failures and returns false if regex is invalid;
229// otherwise returns true.
230bool ValidateRegex(const char* regex) {
231  if (regex == NULL) {
232    // TODO(wan@google.com): fix the source file location in the
233    // assertion failures to match where the regex is used in user
234    // code.
235    ADD_FAILURE() << "NULL is not a valid simple regular expression.";
236    return false;
237  }
238
239  bool is_valid = true;
240
241  // True iff ?, *, or + can follow the previous atom.
242  bool prev_repeatable = false;
243  for (int i = 0; regex[i]; i++) {
244    if (regex[i] == '\\') {  // An escape sequence
245      i++;
246      if (regex[i] == '\0') {
247        ADD_FAILURE() << FormatRegexSyntaxError(regex, i - 1)
248                      << "'\\' cannot appear at the end.";
249        return false;
250      }
251
252      if (!IsValidEscape(regex[i])) {
253        ADD_FAILURE() << FormatRegexSyntaxError(regex, i - 1)
254                      << "invalid escape sequence \"\\" << regex[i] << "\".";
255        is_valid = false;
256      }
257      prev_repeatable = true;
258    } else {  // Not an escape sequence.
259      const char ch = regex[i];
260
261      if (ch == '^' && i > 0) {
262        ADD_FAILURE() << FormatRegexSyntaxError(regex, i)
263                      << "'^' can only appear at the beginning.";
264        is_valid = false;
265      } else if (ch == '$' && regex[i + 1] != '\0') {
266        ADD_FAILURE() << FormatRegexSyntaxError(regex, i)
267                      << "'$' can only appear at the end.";
268        is_valid = false;
269      } else if (IsInSet(ch, "()[]{}|")) {
270        ADD_FAILURE() << FormatRegexSyntaxError(regex, i)
271                      << "'" << ch << "' is unsupported.";
272        is_valid = false;
273      } else if (IsRepeat(ch) && !prev_repeatable) {
274        ADD_FAILURE() << FormatRegexSyntaxError(regex, i)
275                      << "'" << ch << "' can only follow a repeatable token.";
276        is_valid = false;
277      }
278
279      prev_repeatable = !IsInSet(ch, "^$?*+");
280    }
281  }
282
283  return is_valid;
284}
285
286// Matches a repeated regex atom followed by a valid simple regular
287// expression.  The regex atom is defined as c if escaped is false,
288// or \c otherwise.  repeat is the repetition meta character (?, *,
289// or +).  The behavior is undefined if str contains too many
290// characters to be indexable by size_t, in which case the test will
291// probably time out anyway.  We are fine with this limitation as
292// std::string has it too.
293bool MatchRepetitionAndRegexAtHead(
294    bool escaped, char c, char repeat, const char* regex,
295    const char* str) {
296  const size_t min_count = (repeat == '+') ? 1 : 0;
297  const size_t max_count = (repeat == '?') ? 1 :
298      static_cast<size_t>(-1) - 1;
299  // We cannot call numeric_limits::max() as it conflicts with the
300  // max() macro on Windows.
301
302  for (size_t i = 0; i <= max_count; ++i) {
303    // We know that the atom matches each of the first i characters in str.
304    if (i >= min_count && MatchRegexAtHead(regex, str + i)) {
305      // We have enough matches at the head, and the tail matches too.
306      // Since we only care about *whether* the pattern matches str
307      // (as opposed to *how* it matches), there is no need to find a
308      // greedy match.
309      return true;
310    }
311    if (str[i] == '\0' || !AtomMatchesChar(escaped, c, str[i]))
312      return false;
313  }
314  return false;
315}
316
317// Returns true iff regex matches a prefix of str.  regex must be a
318// valid simple regular expression and not start with "^", or the
319// result is undefined.
320bool MatchRegexAtHead(const char* regex, const char* str) {
321  if (*regex == '\0')  // An empty regex matches a prefix of anything.
322    return true;
323
324  // "$" only matches the end of a string.  Note that regex being
325  // valid guarantees that there's nothing after "$" in it.
326  if (*regex == '$')
327    return *str == '\0';
328
329  // Is the first thing in regex an escape sequence?
330  const bool escaped = *regex == '\\';
331  if (escaped)
332    ++regex;
333  if (IsRepeat(regex[1])) {
334    // MatchRepetitionAndRegexAtHead() calls MatchRegexAtHead(), so
335    // here's an indirect recursion.  It terminates as the regex gets
336    // shorter in each recursion.
337    return MatchRepetitionAndRegexAtHead(
338        escaped, regex[0], regex[1], regex + 2, str);
339  } else {
340    // regex isn't empty, isn't "$", and doesn't start with a
341    // repetition.  We match the first atom of regex with the first
342    // character of str and recurse.
343    return (*str != '\0') && AtomMatchesChar(escaped, *regex, *str) &&
344        MatchRegexAtHead(regex + 1, str + 1);
345  }
346}
347
348// Returns true iff regex matches any substring of str.  regex must be
349// a valid simple regular expression, or the result is undefined.
350//
351// The algorithm is recursive, but the recursion depth doesn't exceed
352// the regex length, so we won't need to worry about running out of
353// stack space normally.  In rare cases the time complexity can be
354// exponential with respect to the regex length + the string length,
355// but usually it's must faster (often close to linear).
356bool MatchRegexAnywhere(const char* regex, const char* str) {
357  if (regex == NULL || str == NULL)
358    return false;
359
360  if (*regex == '^')
361    return MatchRegexAtHead(regex + 1, str);
362
363  // A successful match can be anywhere in str.
364  do {
365    if (MatchRegexAtHead(regex, str))
366      return true;
367  } while (*str++ != '\0');
368  return false;
369}
370
371// Implements the RE class.
372
373RE::~RE() {
374  free(const_cast<char*>(pattern_));
375  free(const_cast<char*>(full_pattern_));
376}
377
378// Returns true iff regular expression re matches the entire str.
379bool RE::FullMatch(const char* str, const RE& re) {
380  return re.is_valid_ && MatchRegexAnywhere(re.full_pattern_, str);
381}
382
383// Returns true iff regular expression re matches a substring of str
384// (including str itself).
385bool RE::PartialMatch(const char* str, const RE& re) {
386  return re.is_valid_ && MatchRegexAnywhere(re.pattern_, str);
387}
388
389// Initializes an RE from its string representation.
390void RE::Init(const char* regex) {
391  pattern_ = full_pattern_ = NULL;
392  if (regex != NULL) {
393    pattern_ = posix::StrDup(regex);
394  }
395
396  is_valid_ = ValidateRegex(regex);
397  if (!is_valid_) {
398    // No need to calculate the full pattern when the regex is invalid.
399    return;
400  }
401
402  const size_t len = strlen(regex);
403  // Reserves enough bytes to hold the regular expression used for a
404  // full match: we need space to prepend a '^', append a '$', and
405  // terminate the string with '\0'.
406  char* buffer = static_cast<char*>(malloc(len + 3));
407  full_pattern_ = buffer;
408
409  if (*regex != '^')
410    *buffer++ = '^';  // Makes sure full_pattern_ starts with '^'.
411
412  // We don't use snprintf or strncpy, as they trigger a warning when
413  // compiled with VC++ 8.0.
414  memcpy(buffer, regex, len);
415  buffer += len;
416
417  if (len == 0 || regex[len - 1] != '$')
418    *buffer++ = '$';  // Makes sure full_pattern_ ends with '$'.
419
420  *buffer = '\0';
421}
422
423#endif  // GTEST_USES_POSIX_RE
424
425
426GTestLog::GTestLog(GTestLogSeverity severity, const char* file, int line)
427    : severity_(severity) {
428  const char* const marker =
429      severity == GTEST_INFO ?    "[  INFO ]" :
430      severity == GTEST_WARNING ? "[WARNING]" :
431      severity == GTEST_ERROR ?   "[ ERROR ]" : "[ FATAL ]";
432  GetStream() << ::std::endl << marker << " "
433              << FormatFileLocation(file, line).c_str() << ": ";
434}
435
436// Flushes the buffers and, if severity is GTEST_FATAL, aborts the program.
437GTestLog::~GTestLog() {
438  GetStream() << ::std::endl;
439  if (severity_ == GTEST_FATAL) {
440    fflush(stderr);
441    posix::Abort();
442  }
443}
444// Disable Microsoft deprecation warnings for POSIX functions called from
445// this class (creat, dup, dup2, and close)
446#ifdef _MSC_VER
447#pragma warning(push)
448#pragma warning(disable: 4996)
449#endif  // _MSC_VER
450
451#if GTEST_HAS_STREAM_REDIRECTION_
452
453// Object that captures an output stream (stdout/stderr).
454class CapturedStream {
455 public:
456  // The ctor redirects the stream to a temporary file.
457  CapturedStream(int fd) : fd_(fd), uncaptured_fd_(dup(fd)) {
458#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
459    char temp_dir_path[MAX_PATH + 1] = { '\0' };  // NOLINT
460    char temp_file_path[MAX_PATH + 1] = { '\0' };  // NOLINT
461
462    ::GetTempPathA(sizeof(temp_dir_path), temp_dir_path);
463    const UINT success = ::GetTempFileNameA(temp_dir_path,
464                                            "gtest_redir",
465                                            0,  // Generate unique file name.
466                                            temp_file_path);
467    GTEST_CHECK_(success != 0)
468        << "Unable to create a temporary file in " << temp_dir_path;
469    const int captured_fd = creat(temp_file_path, _S_IREAD | _S_IWRITE);
470    GTEST_CHECK_(captured_fd != -1) << "Unable to open temporary file "
471                                    << temp_file_path;
472    filename_ = temp_file_path;
473#else
474    // There's no guarantee that a test has write access to the
475    // current directory, so we create the temporary file in the /tmp
476    // directory instead.
477    char name_template[] = "/tmp/captured_stream.XXXXXX";
478    const int captured_fd = mkstemp(name_template);
479    filename_ = name_template;
480#endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
481    fflush(NULL);
482    dup2(captured_fd, fd_);
483    close(captured_fd);
484  }
485
486  ~CapturedStream() {
487    remove(filename_.c_str());
488  }
489
490  String GetCapturedString() {
491    if (uncaptured_fd_ != -1) {
492      // Restores the original stream.
493      fflush(NULL);
494      dup2(uncaptured_fd_, fd_);
495      close(uncaptured_fd_);
496      uncaptured_fd_ = -1;
497    }
498
499    FILE* const file = posix::FOpen(filename_.c_str(), "r");
500    const String content = ReadEntireFile(file);
501    posix::FClose(file);
502    return content;
503  }
504
505 private:
506  // Reads the entire content of a file as a String.
507  static String ReadEntireFile(FILE* file);
508
509  // Returns the size (in bytes) of a file.
510  static size_t GetFileSize(FILE* file);
511
512  const int fd_;  // A stream to capture.
513  int uncaptured_fd_;
514  // Name of the temporary file holding the stderr output.
515  ::std::string filename_;
516
517  GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(CapturedStream);
518};
519
520// Returns the size (in bytes) of a file.
521size_t CapturedStream::GetFileSize(FILE* file) {
522  fseek(file, 0, SEEK_END);
523  return static_cast<size_t>(ftell(file));
524}
525
526// Reads the entire content of a file as a string.
527String CapturedStream::ReadEntireFile(FILE* file) {
528  const size_t file_size = GetFileSize(file);
529  char* const buffer = new char[file_size];
530
531  size_t bytes_last_read = 0;  // # of bytes read in the last fread()
532  size_t bytes_read = 0;       // # of bytes read so far
533
534  fseek(file, 0, SEEK_SET);
535
536  // Keeps reading the file until we cannot read further or the
537  // pre-determined file size is reached.
538  do {
539    bytes_last_read = fread(buffer+bytes_read, 1, file_size-bytes_read, file);
540    bytes_read += bytes_last_read;
541  } while (bytes_last_read > 0 && bytes_read < file_size);
542
543  const String content(buffer, bytes_read);
544  delete[] buffer;
545
546  return content;
547}
548
549#ifdef _MSC_VER
550#pragma warning(pop)
551#endif  // _MSC_VER
552
553static CapturedStream* g_captured_stderr = NULL;
554static CapturedStream* g_captured_stdout = NULL;
555
556// Starts capturing an output stream (stdout/stderr).
557void CaptureStream(int fd, const char* stream_name, CapturedStream** stream) {
558  if (*stream != NULL) {
559    GTEST_LOG_(FATAL) << "Only one " << stream_name
560                      << " capturer can exist at a time.";
561  }
562  *stream = new CapturedStream(fd);
563}
564
565// Stops capturing the output stream and returns the captured string.
566String GetCapturedStream(CapturedStream** captured_stream) {
567  const String content = (*captured_stream)->GetCapturedString();
568
569  delete *captured_stream;
570  *captured_stream = NULL;
571
572  return content;
573}
574
575// Starts capturing stdout.
576void CaptureStdout() {
577  CaptureStream(kStdOutFileno, "stdout", &g_captured_stdout);
578}
579
580// Starts capturing stderr.
581void CaptureStderr() {
582  CaptureStream(kStdErrFileno, "stderr", &g_captured_stderr);
583}
584
585// Stops capturing stdout and returns the captured string.
586String GetCapturedStdout() { return GetCapturedStream(&g_captured_stdout); }
587
588// Stops capturing stderr and returns the captured string.
589String GetCapturedStderr() { return GetCapturedStream(&g_captured_stderr); }
590
591#endif  // GTEST_HAS_STREAM_REDIRECTION_
592
593#if GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST
594
595// A copy of all command line arguments.  Set by InitGoogleTest().
596::std::vector<String> g_argvs;
597
598// Returns the command line as a vector of strings.
599const ::std::vector<String>& GetArgvs() { return g_argvs; }
600
601#endif  // GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST
602
603#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
604namespace posix {
605void Abort() {
606  DebugBreak();
607  TerminateProcess(GetCurrentProcess(), 1);
608}
609}  // namespace posix
610#endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
611
612// Returns the name of the environment variable corresponding to the
613// given flag.  For example, FlagToEnvVar("foo") will return
614// "GTEST_FOO" in the open-source version.
615static String FlagToEnvVar(const char* flag) {
616  const String full_flag =
617      (Message() << GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_ << flag).GetString();
618
619  Message env_var;
620  for (size_t i = 0; i != full_flag.length(); i++) {
621    env_var << static_cast<char>(toupper(full_flag.c_str()[i]));
622  }
623
624  return env_var.GetString();
625}
626
627// Parses 'str' for a 32-bit signed integer.  If successful, writes
628// the result to *value and returns true; otherwise leaves *value
629// unchanged and returns false.
630bool ParseInt32(const Message& src_text, const char* str, Int32* value) {
631  // Parses the environment variable as a decimal integer.
632  char* end = NULL;
633  const long long_value = strtol(str, &end, 10);  // NOLINT
634
635  // Has strtol() consumed all characters in the string?
636  if (*end != '\0') {
637    // No - an invalid character was encountered.
638    Message msg;
639    msg << "WARNING: " << src_text
640        << " is expected to be a 32-bit integer, but actually"
641        << " has value \"" << str << "\".\n";
642    printf("%s", msg.GetString().c_str());
643    fflush(stdout);
644    return false;
645  }
646
647  // Is the parsed value in the range of an Int32?
648  const Int32 result = static_cast<Int32>(long_value);
649  if (long_value == LONG_MAX || long_value == LONG_MIN ||
650      // The parsed value overflows as a long.  (strtol() returns
651      // LONG_MAX or LONG_MIN when the input overflows.)
652      result != long_value
653      // The parsed value overflows as an Int32.
654      ) {
655    Message msg;
656    msg << "WARNING: " << src_text
657        << " is expected to be a 32-bit integer, but actually"
658        << " has value " << str << ", which overflows.\n";
659    printf("%s", msg.GetString().c_str());
660    fflush(stdout);
661    return false;
662  }
663
664  *value = result;
665  return true;
666}
667
668// Reads and returns the Boolean environment variable corresponding to
669// the given flag; if it's not set, returns default_value.
670//
671// The value is considered true iff it's not "0".
672bool BoolFromGTestEnv(const char* flag, bool default_value) {
673  const String env_var = FlagToEnvVar(flag);
674  const char* const string_value = posix::GetEnv(env_var.c_str());
675  return string_value == NULL ?
676      default_value : strcmp(string_value, "0") != 0;
677}
678
679// Reads and returns a 32-bit integer stored in the environment
680// variable corresponding to the given flag; if it isn't set or
681// doesn't represent a valid 32-bit integer, returns default_value.
682Int32 Int32FromGTestEnv(const char* flag, Int32 default_value) {
683  const String env_var = FlagToEnvVar(flag);
684  const char* const string_value = posix::GetEnv(env_var.c_str());
685  if (string_value == NULL) {
686    // The environment variable is not set.
687    return default_value;
688  }
689
690  Int32 result = default_value;
691  if (!ParseInt32(Message() << "Environment variable " << env_var,
692                  string_value, &result)) {
693    printf("The default value %s is used.\n",
694           (Message() << default_value).GetString().c_str());
695    fflush(stdout);
696    return default_value;
697  }
698
699  return result;
700}
701
702// Reads and returns the string environment variable corresponding to
703// the given flag; if it's not set, returns default_value.
704const char* StringFromGTestEnv(const char* flag, const char* default_value) {
705  const String env_var = FlagToEnvVar(flag);
706  const char* const value = posix::GetEnv(env_var.c_str());
707  return value == NULL ? default_value : value;
708}
709
710}  // namespace internal
711}  // namespace testing