/lib/AkActiveRecord.php

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<?php
/* vim: set expandtab tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4: */

// +----------------------------------------------------------------------+
// | Akelos Framework - http://www.akelos.org                             |
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------+
// | Copyright (c) 2002-2006, Akelos Media, S.L.  & Bermi Ferrer Martinez |
// | Released under the GNU Lesser General Public License, see LICENSE.txt|
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------+

/**
 * @package AkelosFramework
 * @subpackage AkActiveRecord
 * @author Bermi Ferrer <bermi a.t akelos c.om> 2004 - 2007
 * @author Kaste 2007
 * @copyright Copyright (c) 2002-2006, Akelos Media, S.L. http://www.akelos.org
 * @license GNU Lesser General Public License <http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/lesser.html>
 */

require_once(AK_LIB_DIR.DS.'AkActiveRecord'.DS.'AkAssociatedActiveRecord.php');

// Akelos args is a short way to call functions that is only intended for fast prototyping
defined('AK_ENABLE_AKELOS_ARGS') ? null : define('AK_ENABLE_AKELOS_ARGS', false); 

// Use setColumnName if available when using set('column_name', $value);
defined('AK_ACTIVE_RECORD_INTERNATIONALIZE_MODELS_BY_DEFAULT') ? null : define('AK_ACTIVE_RECORD_INTERNATIONALIZE_MODELS_BY_DEFAULT', true); 
defined('AK_ACTIVE_RECORD_ENABLE_CALLBACK_SETTERS') ? null : define('AK_ACTIVE_RECORD_ENABLE_CALLBACK_SETTERS', true); 
defined('AK_ACTIVE_RECORD_ENABLE_CALLBACK_GETTERS') ? null : define('AK_ACTIVE_RECORD_ENABLE_CALLBACK_GETTERS', true); 
defined('AK_ACTIVE_RECORD_ENABLE_PERSISTENCE') ? null : define('AK_ACTIVE_RECORD_ENABLE_PERSISTENCE', AK_ENVIRONMENT != 'testing');
defined('AK_ACTIVE_RECORD_CACHE_DATABASE_SCHEMA') ? null : define('AK_ACTIVE_RECORD_CACHE_DATABASE_SCHEMA', AK_ACTIVE_RECORD_ENABLE_PERSISTENCE && AK_ENVIRONMENT != 'development');
defined('AK_ACTIVE_RECORD_CACHE_DATABASE_SCHEMA_LIFE') ? null : define('AK_ACTIVE_RECORD_CACHE_DATABASE_SCHEMA_LIFE', 300);
defined('AK_ACTIVE_RECORD_VALIDATE_TABLE_NAMES') ? null : define('AK_ACTIVE_RECORD_VALIDATE_TABLE_NAMES', true);
defined('AK_ACTIVE_RECORD_SKIP_SETTING_ACTIVE_RECORD_DEFAULTS') ? null : define('AK_ACTIVE_RECORD_SKIP_SETTING_ACTIVE_RECORD_DEFAULTS', false);
defined('AK_NOT_EMPTY_REGULAR_EXPRESSION') ? null : define('AK_NOT_EMPTY_REGULAR_EXPRESSION','/.+/');
defined('AK_EMAIL_REGULAR_EXPRESSION') ? null : define('AK_EMAIL_REGULAR_EXPRESSION',"/^([a-z0-9_\-\.]+)@((\[[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.)|(([a-z0-9\-]+\.)+))([a-z]{2,4}|[0-9]{1,3})(\]?)$/i");
defined('AK_NUMBER_REGULAR_EXPRESSION') ? null : define('AK_NUMBER_REGULAR_EXPRESSION',"/^[0-9]+$/");
defined('AK_PHONE_REGULAR_EXPRESSION') ? null : define('AK_PHONE_REGULAR_EXPRESSION',"/^([\+]?[(]?[\+]?[ ]?[0-9]{2,3}[)]?[ ]?)?[0-9 ()\-]{4,25}$/");
defined('AK_DATE_REGULAR_EXPRESSION') ? null : define('AK_DATE_REGULAR_EXPRESSION',"/^(([0-9]{1,2}(\-|\/|\.| )[0-9]{1,2}(\-|\/|\.| )[0-9]{2,4})|([0-9]{2,4}(\-|\/|\.| )[0-9]{1,2}(\-|\/|\.| )[0-9]{1,2})){1}$/");
defined('AK_IP4_REGULAR_EXPRESSION') ? null : define('AK_IP4_REGULAR_EXPRESSION',"/^((25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|1[0-9][0-9]|[1-9][0-9]|[0-9])\.){3}(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|1[0-9][0-9]|[1-9][0-9]|[0-9])$/");
defined('AK_POST_CODE_REGULAR_EXPRESSION') ? null : define('AK_POST_CODE_REGULAR_EXPRESSION',"/^[0-9A-Za-z  -]{2,9}$/");

// Forces loading database schema on every call
if(AK_DEV_MODE && isset($_SESSION['__activeRecordColumnsSettingsCache'])){
    unset($_SESSION['__activeRecordColumnsSettingsCache']);
}

ak_compat('array_combine');

/**
* Active Record objects doesn't specify their attributes directly, but rather infer them from the table definition with
* which they're linked. Adding, removing, and changing attributes and their type is done directly in the database. Any change
* is instantly reflected in the Active Record objects. The mapping that binds a given Active Record class to a certain
* database table will happen automatically in most common cases, but can be overwritten for the uncommon ones. 
* 
* See the mapping rules in table_name and the full example in README.txt for more insight.
* 
* == Creation ==
* 
* Active Records accepts constructor parameters either in an array or as a list of parameters in a specific format. The array method is especially useful when
* you're receiving the data from somewhere else, like a HTTP request. It works like this:
* 
*   $user = new User(array('name' => 'David', 'occupation' => 'Code Artist'));
*   echo $user->name; // Will print "David"
* 
* You can also use a parameter list initialization.:
* 
*   $user = new User('name->', 'David', 'occupation->', 'Code Artist');
* 
* And of course you can just create a bare object and specify the attributes after the fact:
* 
*   $user = new User();
*   $user->name = 'David';
*   $user->occupation = 'Code Artist';
* 
* == Conditions ==
* 
* Conditions can either be specified as a string or an array representing the WHERE-part of an SQL statement.
* The array form is to be used when the condition input is tainted and requires sanitization. The string form can
* be used for statements that doesn't involve tainted data. Examples:
* 
*   class User extends AkActiveRecord
*   {
*     function authenticateUnsafely($user_name, $password)
*     {
*          return findFirst("user_name = '$user_name' AND password = '$password'");
*     }
*     
*     function authenticateSafely($user_name, $password)
*     {
*          return findFirst("user_name = ? AND password = ?", $user_name, $password);
*     }
*    }
* 
* The <tt>authenticateUnsafely</tt> method inserts the parameters directly into the query and is thus susceptible to SQL-injection
* attacks if the <tt>$user_name</tt> and <tt>$password</tt> parameters come directly from a HTTP request. The <tt>authenticateSafely</tt> method, 
* on the other hand, will sanitize the <tt>$user_name</tt> and <tt>$password</tt> before inserting them in the query, which will ensure that
* an attacker can't escape the query and fake the login (or worse).
*
* When using multiple parameters in the conditions, it can easily become hard to read exactly what the fourth or fifth
* question mark is supposed to represent. In those cases, you can resort to named bind variables instead. That's done by replacing 
* the question marks with symbols and supplying a hash with values for the matching symbol keys:
* 
*   $Company->findFirst(
*              "id = :id AND name = :name AND division = :division AND created_at > :accounting_date", 
*               array(':id' => 3, ':name' => "37signals", ':division' => "First", ':accounting_date' => '2005-01-01')
*             );
* 
* == Accessing attributes before they have been type casted ==
* 
* Some times you want to be able to read the raw attribute data without having the column-determined type cast run its course first.
* That can be done by using the <attribute>_before_type_cast accessors that all attributes have. For example, if your Account model
* has a balance attribute, you can call $Account->balance_before_type_cast or $Account->id_before_type_cast. 
* 
* This is especially useful in validation situations where the user might supply a string for an integer field and you want to display
* the original string back in an error message. Accessing the attribute normally would type cast the string to 0, which isn't what you
* want.
* 
* == Saving arrays, hashes, and other non-mappable objects in text columns ==
* 
* Active Record can serialize any object in text columns. To do so, you must specify this with by setting the attribute serialize whith 
* a comma separated list of columns or an array. 
* This makes it possible to store arrays, hashes, and other non-mappeable objects without doing any additional work. Example:
* 
*   class User extends AkActiveRecord
*   {
*      var $serialize = 'preferences';
*   }
* 
*   $User = new User(array('preferences'=>array("background" => "black", "display" => 'large')));
*   $User->find($user_id);
*   $User->preferences // array("background" => "black", "display" => 'large')
* 
* == Single table inheritance ==
* 
* Active Record allows inheritance by storing the name of the class in a column that by default is called "type" (can be changed 
* by overwriting <tt>AkActiveRecord->_inheritanceColumn</tt>). This means that an inheritance looking like this:
* 
*   class Company extends AkActiveRecord{}
*   class Firm extends Company{}
*   class Client extends Company{}
*   class PriorityClient extends Client{}
* 
* When you do $Firm->create('name =>', "akelos"), this record will be saved in the companies table with type = "Firm". You can then
* fetch this row again using $Company->find('first', "name = '37signals'") and it will return a Firm object.
* 
* If you don't have a type column defined in your table, single-table inheritance won't be triggered. In that case, it'll work just
* like normal subclasses with no special magic for differentiating between them or reloading the right type with find.
* 
* Note, all the attributes for all the cases are kept in the same table. Read more:
* http://www.martinfowler.com/eaaCatalog/singleTableInheritance.html
* 
* == Connection to multiple databases in different models ==
* 
* Connections are usually created through AkActiveRecord->establishConnection and retrieved by AkActiveRecord->connection.
* All classes inheriting from AkActiveRecord will use this connection. But you can also set a class-specific connection. 
* For example, if $Course is a AkActiveRecord, but resides in a different database you can just say $Course->establishConnection
* and $Course and all its subclasses will use this connection instead.
* 
* Active Records will automatically record creation and/or update timestamps of database objects
* if fields of the names created_at/created_on or updated_at/updated_on are present.
* Date only: created_on, updated_on
* Date and time: created_at, updated_at
*
* This behavior can be turned off by setting <tt>$this->_recordTimestamps = false</tt>.
*/
class AkActiveRecord extends AkAssociatedActiveRecord
{
    //var $disableAutomatedAssociationLoading = true;
    var $_tableName;
    var $_db;
    var $_newRecord;
    var $_freeze;
    var $_dataDictionary;
    var $_primaryKey;
    var $_inheritanceColumn;

    var $_associations;

    var $_internationalize;

    var $_errors = array();

    var $_attributes = array();

    var $_protectedAttributes = array();
    var $_accessibleAttributes = array();

    var $_recordTimestamps = true;

    // Column description
    var $_columnNames = array();
    // Array of column objects for the table associated with this class.
    var $_columns = array();
    // Columns that can be edited/viewed
    var $_contentColumns = array();
    // Methods that will be dinamically loaded for the model (EXPERIMENTAL) This pretends to generate something similar to Ruby on Rails finders.
    // If you set array('findOneByUsernameAndPassword', 'findByCompany', 'findAllByExipringDate')
    // You'll get $User->findOneByUsernameAndPassword('admin', 'pass');
    var $_dynamicMethods = false;
    var $_combinedAttributes = array();

    var $_BlobQueryStack = null;

    var $_automated_max_length_validator = true;
    var $_automated_validators_enabled = true;
    var $_automated_not_null_validator = false;
    var $_set_default_attribute_values_automatically = true;

    // This is needed for enabling support for static active record instantation under php
    var $_activeRecordHasBeenInstantiated = true;

    var $__ActsLikeAttributes = array();
    var $__coreActsLikeAttributes = array('nested_set', 'list', 'tree');

    /**
    * Holds a hash with all the default error messages, such that they can be replaced by your own copy or localizations.
    */
    var $_defaultErrorMessages = array(
    'inclusion' =>  "is not included in the list",
    'exclusion' => "is reserved",
    'invalid' => "is invalid",
    'confirmation' => "doesn't match confirmation",
    'accepted' => "must be accepted",
    'empty' => "can't be empty",
    'blank' => "can't be blank",
    'too_long' => "is too long (max is %d characters)",
    'too_short' => "is too short (min is %d characters)",
    'wrong_length' => "is the wrong length (should be %d characters)",
    'taken' => "has already been taken",
    'not_a_number' => "is not a number"
    );

    var $__activeRecordObject = true;


    function __construct()
    {
        $attributes = (array)func_get_args();
        return $this->init($attributes);
    }

    function init($attributes = array())
    {
        AK_LOG_EVENTS ? ($this->Logger =& Ak::getLogger()) : null;
        
        $this->_internationalize = is_null($this->_internationalize) && AK_ACTIVE_RECORD_INTERNATIONALIZE_MODELS_BY_DEFAULT ? count($this->getAvaliableLocales()) > 1 : $this->_internationalize;

        @$this->_instatiateDefaultObserver();

        $this->setConnection();

        if(!empty($this->table_name)){
            $this->setTableName($this->table_name);
        }

        $this->_loadActAsBehaviours();

        if(!empty($this->combined_attributes)){
            foreach ($this->combined_attributes as $combined_attribute){
                $this->addCombinedAttributeConfiguration($combined_attribute);
            }
        }

        if(isset($attributes[0]) && is_array($attributes[0]) && count($attributes) === 1){
            $attributes = $attributes[0];
            $this->_newRecord = true;
        }

        // new AkActiveRecord(23); //Returns object with primary key 23
        if(isset($attributes[0]) && count($attributes) === 1 && $attributes[0] > 0){
            $record = $this->find($attributes[0]);
            if(!$record){
                return false;
            }else {
                $this->setAttributes($record->getAttributes(), true);
            }
            // This option is only used internally for loading found objects
        }elseif(isset($attributes[0]) && isset($attributes[1]) && $attributes[0] == 'attributes' && is_array($attributes[1])){
            foreach($attributes[1] as $k=>$v){
                $attributes[1][$k] = $this->castAttributeFromDatabase($k, $v);
            }
            $avoid_loading_associations = isset($attributes[1]['load_associations']) ? false : !empty($this->disableAutomatedAssociationLoading);
            $this->setAttributes($attributes[1], true);
        }else{
            $this->newRecord($attributes);
        }

        $this->_buildFinders();
        empty($avoid_loading_associations) ? $this->loadAssociations() : null;
    }

    function __destruct()
    {

    }



    /**
    * If this macro is used, only those attributed named in it will be accessible 
    * for mass-assignment, such as new ModelName($attributes) and $this->attributes($attributes). 
    * This is the more conservative choice for mass-assignment protection. 
    * If you'd rather start from an all-open default and restrict attributes as needed, 
    * have a look at AkActiveRecord::setProtectedAttributes().
    */
    function setAccessibleAttributes()
    {
        $args = func_get_args();
        $this->_accessibleAttributes = array_unique(array_merge((array)$this->_accessibleAttributes, $args));
    }

    /**
     * Attributes named in this macro are protected from mass-assignment, such as 
     * new ModelName($attributes) and $this->attributes(attributes). Their assignment 
     * will simply be ignored. Instead, you can use the direct writer methods to do assignment. 
     * This is meant to protect sensitive attributes to be overwritten by URL/form hackers. 
     * 
     * Example:
     * <code>
     *   class Customer extends AkActiveRecord
     *    {
     *      function Customer()
     *      {
     *          $this->setProtectedAttributes('credit_rating');
     *      }
     *    }
     *  
     *    $Customer = new Customer('name' => 'David', 'credit_rating' => 'Excellent');
     *    $Customer->credit_rating // => null
     *    $Customer->attributes(array('description' => 'Jolly fellow', 'credit_rating' => 'Superb'));
     *    $Customer->credit_rating // => null
     *  
     *    $Customer->credit_rating = 'Average'
     *    $Customer->credit_rating // => 'Average'
     *  </code>
     */    
    function setProtectedAttributes()
    {
        $args = func_get_args();
        $this->_protectedAttributes = array_unique(array_merge((array)$this->_protectedAttributes, $args));
    }


    /**
    * Returns true if a connection that?s accessible to this class have already been opened.
    */ 
    function isConnected()
    {
        return isset($this->_db);
    }

    /**
    * Returns the connection currently associated with the class. This can also be used to 
    * "borrow" the connection to do database work unrelated to any of the specific Active Records.
    */
    function &getConnection()
    {
        return $this->_db;
    }

    /**
    * Set the connection for the class.
    */
    function setConnection($dns = null, $connection_id = null)
    {
        $this->_db =& Ak::db($dns, $connection_id);
    }

    /**
    * Returns an array of columns objects where the primary id, all columns ending in "_id" or "_count", 
    * and columns used for single table inheritance has been removed.
    */
    function getContentColumns()
    {
        $inheritance_column = $this->getInheritanceColumn();
        $columns = $this->getColumns();
        foreach ($columns as $name=>$details){
            if((substr($name,-3) == '_id' || substr($name,-6) == '_count') ||
            !empty($details['primaryKey']) || ($inheritance_column !== false && $inheritance_column == $name)){
                unset($columns[$name]);
            }
        }
        return $columns;
    }



    /**
    * Creates an object, instantly saves it as a record (if the validation permits it), and returns it. 
    * If the save fail under validations, the unsaved object is still returned.
    */
    function &create($attributes = null)
    {
        if(!isset($this->_activeRecordHasBeenInstantiated)){
            return Ak::handleStaticCall();
        }

        if(func_num_args() > 1){
            $attributes = func_get_args();
        }
        $model = $this->getModelName();

        $object =& new $model();
        $object->setAttributes($attributes);
        $object->save();
        return $object;
    }


    /**
      * Returns the result of an SQL statement that should only include a COUNT(*) in the SELECT part.
      * 
      *   $Product->countBySql("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM sales s, customers c WHERE s.customer_id = c.id");
      */
    function countBySql($sql)
    {
        if(!isset($this->_activeRecordHasBeenInstantiated)){
            return Ak::handleStaticCall();
        }
        if(!stristr($sql, 'COUNT') && stristr($sql, ' FROM ')){
            $sql = 'SELECT COUNT(*) '.substr($sql,strpos(str_replace(' from ',' FROM ', $sql),' FROM '));
        }
        if(!$this->isConnected()){
            $this->setConnection();
        }
        
        AK_LOG_EVENTS ? ($this->Logger->message($this->getModelName().' executing SQL: '.$sql)) : null;
        $rs = $this->_db->Execute($sql);

        return @(integer)$rs->fields[0];
    }

    /**
    * Increments the specified counter by one. So $DiscussionBoard->incrementCounter("post_count", 
    * $discussion_board_id); would increment the "post_count" counter on the board responding to 
    * $discussion_board_id. This is used for caching aggregate values, so that they doesn't need to 
    * be computed every time. Especially important for looping over a collection where each element 
    * require a number of aggregate values. Like the $DiscussionBoard that needs to list both the number of posts and comments.
    */
    function incrementCounter($counter_name, $id, $difference = 1)
    {
        $new_value = $this->getAttribute($counter_name) + $difference;
        if($this->updateAll($counter_name.' = '.$new_value, $this->getPrimaryKey().' = '.$this->castAttributeForDatabase($this->getPrimaryKey(), $id)) === 0){
            return false;
        }
        return $new_value;
    }

    /**
    * Works like AkActiveRecord::incrementCounter, but decrements instead.
    */
    function decrementCounter($counter_name, $id, $difference = 1)
    {
        $new_value = $this->getAttribute($counter_name) - $difference;

        if(!$this->updateAll($counter_name.' = '.$new_value, $this->getPrimaryKey().' = '.$this->castAttributeForDatabase($this->getPrimaryKey(), $id)) === 0){
            return false;
        }
        return $new_value;
    }



    /**
    * Finds the record from the passed id, instantly saves it with the passed attributes (if the validation permits it), 
    * and returns it. If the save fail under validations, the unsaved object is still returned.
    */
    function update($id, $attributes)
    {
        if(!isset($this->_activeRecordHasBeenInstantiated)){
            return Ak::handleStaticCall();
        }
        if(is_array($id)){
            $results = array();
            foreach ($id as $idx=>$single_id){
                $results[] = $this->update($single_id, isset($attributes[$idx]) ? $attributes[$idx] : $attributes);
            }
            return $results;
        }else{
            $object =& $this->find($id);
            $object->updateAttributes($attributes);
            return $object;
        }
    }

    /**
    * Updates a single attribute and saves the record. This is especially useful for boolean flags on existing records. 
    * Note: Make sure that updates made with this method doesn't get subjected to validation checks. 
    * Hence, attributes can be updated even if the full object isn't valid.
    */
    function updateAttribute($name, $value)
    {
        $this->setAttribute($name, $value);
        return $this->save(false);
    }


    /**
    * Updates all the attributes in from the passed array and saves the record. If the object is 
    * invalid, the saving will fail and false will be returned.
    */
    function updateAttributes($attributes, $object = null)
    {
        isset($object) ? $object->setAttributes($attributes) : $this->setAttributes($attributes);

        return isset($object) ? $object->save() : $this->save();
    }




    /**
    * Updates all records with the SET-part of an SQL update statement in updates and returns an 
    * integer with the number of rows updates. A subset of the records can be selected by specifying conditions. Example:
    * <code>$Billing->updateAll("category = 'authorized', approved = 1", "author = 'David'");</code>
    * 
    * Important note: Condifitons are not sanitized yet so beware of accepting 
    * variable conditions when using this function
    */
    function updateAll($updates, $conditions = null)
    {
        if(!isset($this->_activeRecordHasBeenInstantiated)){
            return Ak::handleStaticCall();
        }
        /**
        * @todo sanitize sql conditions
        */
        $sql = 'UPDATE '.$this->getTableName().' SET '.$updates;
        $sql  .= isset($conditions) ? ' WHERE '.$conditions : '';
        $this->_executeSql($sql);
        return $this->_db->Affected_Rows();
    }


    /**
    * Deletes the record with the given id without instantiating an object first. If an array of 
    * ids is provided, all of them are deleted.
    */
    function delete($id)
    {
        if(!isset($this->_activeRecordHasBeenInstantiated)){
            return Ak::handleStaticCall();
        }
        $id = func_num_args() > 1 ? func_get_args() : $id;
        return $this->deleteAll($this->getPrimaryKey().' IN ('.(is_array($id) ? join(', ',$id) : $id).')');
    }


    /**
    * Returns an array of names for the attributes available on this object sorted alphabetically.
    */
    function getAttributeNames()
    {
        if(!isset($this->_activeRecordHasBeenInstantiated)){
            return Ak::handleStaticCall();
        }
        $attributes = array_keys($this->getAvailableAttributes());
        $names = array_combine($attributes,array_map(array(&$this,'getAttributeCaption'), $attributes));
        natsort($names);
        return $names;
    }


    /**
    * Returns true if the specified attribute has been set by the user or by a database load and is neither null nor empty?
    */
    function isAttributePresent($attribute)
    {
        $value = $this->getAttribute($attribute);
        return !empty($value);
    }



    /**
    * Deletes all the records that matches the condition without instantiating the objects first 
    * (and hence not calling the destroy method). Example:
    * 
    * <code>$Post->destroyAll("person_id = 5 AND (category = 'Something' OR category = 'Else')");</code>
    * 
    * Important note: Condifitons are not sanitized yet so beware of accepting 
    * variable conditions when using this function
    */
    function deleteAll($conditions = null)
    {
        if(!isset($this->_activeRecordHasBeenInstantiated)){
            return Ak::handleStaticCall();
        }
        /**
        * @todo sanitize sql conditions
        */
        $sql = 'DELETE FROM '.$this->getTableName();

        $sql  .= isset($conditions) ? ' WHERE '.$conditions : ($this->_getDatabaseType() == 'sqlite' ? ' WHERE 1' : ''); // (HACK) If where clause is not included sqlite_changes will not get the right result
        $this->_executeSql($sql);
        return $this->_db->Affected_Rows() > 0;
    }


    /**
    * Destroys the record with the given id by instantiating the object and calling destroy 
    * (all the callbacks are the triggered). If an array of ids is provided, all of them are destroyed.
    * Deletes the record in the database and freezes this instance to reflect that no changes should be 
    * made (since they can't be persisted).
    */
    function destroy($id = null)
    {
        if(!isset($this->_activeRecordHasBeenInstantiated)){
            return Ak::handleStaticCall();
        }

        $this->transactionStart();
        $id = func_num_args() > 1 ? func_get_args() : $id;

        if(isset($id)){
            $id_arr = is_array($id) ? $id : array($id);
            if($objects = $this->find($id_arr)){
                $results = count($objects);
                $no_problems = true;
                for ($i=0; $results > $i; $i++){
                    if(!$objects[$i]->destroy()){
                        $no_problems = false;
                    }
                }
                $this->transactionComplete();
                return $no_problems;
            }else {
                $this->transactionComplete();
                return false;
            }
        }else{
            if(!$this->isNewRecord()){
                if($this->beforeDestroy()){
                    $this->notifyObservers('beforeDestroy');

                    $sql = 'DELETE FROM '.$this->getTableName().' WHERE '.$this->getPrimaryKey().' = '.$this->_db->qstr($this->getId());
                    $this->_executeSql($sql);
                    $had_success = ($this->_db->Affected_Rows() > 0);
                    if(!$had_success || ($had_success && !$this->afterDestroy())){
                        $this->transactionFail();
                        $had_success = false;
                    }else{
                        $had_success = $this->notifyObservers('afterDestroy') === false ? false : true;
                    }
                    $this->transactionComplete();
                    $this->freeze();
                    return  $had_success;
                }else {
                    $this->transactionFail();
                    $this->transactionComplete();
                    return false;
                }
            }
        }

        if(!$this->afterDestroy()){
            $this->transactionFail();
        }else{
            $this->notifyObservers('afterDestroy');
        }

        $this->transactionComplete();

        return false;
    }



    /**
    * Destroys the objects for all the records that matches the condition by instantiating 
    * each object and calling the destroy method. 
    * 
    * Example:
    * 
    *   $Person->destroyAll("last_login < '2004-04-04'");
    */    
    function destroyAll($conditions)
    {
        if($objects = $this->find('all',array('conditions'=>$conditions))){
            $results = count($objects);
            $no_problems = true;
            for ($i=0; $results > $i; $i++){
                if(!$objects[$i]->destroy()){
                    $no_problems = false;
                }
            }
            return $no_problems;
        }else {
            return false;
        }
    }





    /**
    * Establishes the connection to the database. Accepts an array as input where the 'adapter' 
    * key must be specified with the name of a database adapter (in lower-case) example for regular 
    * databases (MySQL, Postgresql, etc):
    * 
    *   $AkActiveRecord->establishConnection(
    *       array(
    *       'adapter'  => "mysql",
    *       'host'     => "localhost",
    *       'username' => "myuser",
    *       'password' => "mypass",
    *       'database' => "somedatabase"
    *       ));
    *
    *    Example for SQLite database:
    *
    *     $AkActiveRecord->establishConnection(
    *       array(
    *       'adapter' => "sqlite",
    *       'dbfile'  => "path/to/dbfile"
    *       )
    *     )
    */
    function &establishConnection($spec = null)
    {
        if(isset($spec)){
            $dns = is_string($spec) ? $spec : '';
            if(!empty($spec['adapter'])){
                $dsn = $spec['adapter'] == 'sqlite' ?
                'sqlite://'.urlencode($spec['dbfile']).'/' :
                $spec['adapter'].'://'.@$spec['username'].':'.@$spec['password'].'@'.@$spec['host'].'/'.@$spec['database'];
            }
            $dsn .= isset($spec['persist']) && $spec['persist'] === false ? '' : '?persist';
            return $this->setConnection($dns);
        }else{
            return false;
        }
    }


    /**
    * Just freeze the attributes hash, such that associations are still accessible even on destroyed records.
    * 
    * @todo implement freeze correctly for its intended use
    */
    function freeze()
    {
        $this->_freeze = true;
    }

    function isFrozen()
    {
        return !empty($this->_freeze);
    }


    /**
    * Returns true if the given id represents the primary key of a record in the database, false otherwise. Example:
    * 
    * $Person->exists(5);
    */    
    function exists($id)
    {
        return $this->find('first',array('conditions' => array($this->getPrimaryKey().' = '.$id))) !== false;
    }




    /**
     * Find operates with three different retrieval approaches:
    * * Find by id: This can either be a specific id find(1), a list of ids find(1, 5, 6), 
    *   or an array of ids find(array(5, 6, 10)). If no record can be found for all of the listed ids, 
    *   then RecordNotFound will be raised.
    * * Find first: This will return the first record matched by the options used. These options 
    *   can either be specific conditions or merely an order. 
    *   If no record can matched, false is returned.
    * * Find all: This will return all the records matched by the options used. If no records are found, an empty array is returned.
    * 
    * All approaches accepts an $option array as their last parameter. The options are:
    * 
    * 'conditions' => An SQL fragment like "administrator = 1" or array("user_name = ?" => $username). See conditions in the intro.
    * 'order' => An SQL fragment like "created_at DESC, name".
    * 'limit' => An integer determining the limit on the number of rows that should be returned.
    * 'offset' => An integer determining the offset from where the rows should be fetched. So at 5, it would skip the first 4 rows.
    * 'joins' => An SQL fragment for additional joins like "LEFT JOIN comments ON comments.post_id = $id". (Rarely needed).
    * 'include' => Names associations that should be loaded alongside using LEFT OUTER JOINs. The symbols 
    * named refer to already defined associations. See eager loading under Associations.
    * 
    * Examples for find by id:
    * 
    *   $Person->find(1);       // returns the object for ID = 1
    *   $Person->find(1, 2, 6); // returns an array for objects with IDs in (1, 2, 6), Returns false if any of those IDs is not available
    *   $Person->find(array(7, 17)); // returns an array for objects with IDs in (7, 17)
    *   $Person->find(array(1));     // returns an array for objects the object with ID = 1
    *   $Person->find(1, array('conditions' => "administrator = 1", 'order' => "created_on DESC"));
    * 
    * Examples for find first:
    * 
    *   $Person->find('first'); // returns the first object fetched by SELECT * FROM people
    *   $Person->find('first', array('conditions' => array("user_name = ':user_name'", ':user_name' => $user_name)));
    *   $Person->find('first', array('order' => "created_on DESC", 'offset' => 5));
    * 
    * Examples for find all:
    * 
    *   $Person->find('all'); // returns an array of objects for all the rows fetched by SELECT * FROM people
    *   $Person->find(); // Same as $Person->find('all');
    *   $Person->find('all', array('conditions => array("category IN (categories)", 'categories' => join(','$categories)), 'limit' => 50));
    *   $Person->find('all', array('offset' => 10, 'limit' => 10));
    *   $Person->find('all', array('include' => array('account', 'friends'));
    * 
    */
    function &find()
    {
        if(!isset($this->_activeRecordHasBeenInstantiated)){
            return Ak::handleStaticCall();
        }

        $num_args = func_num_args();
        if($num_args === 2 && func_get_arg(0) == 'set arguments'){
            $args  = func_get_arg(1);
            $num_args = count($args);
        }

        $args = $num_args > 0 ? (!isset($args) ? func_get_args() : $args) : array('all');

        if($num_args === 1 && is_numeric($args[0]) && $args[0] > 0){
            $args[0] = (integer)$args[0]; //Cast query by Id
        }

        $options = $num_args > 0 && (is_array($args[$num_args-1]) && isset($args[0][0]) && !is_numeric($args[0][0])) ? array_pop($args) : array();

        //$options = func_get_arg(func_num_args()-1);
        if(!empty($options['conditions']) && is_array($options['conditions'])){
            if (isset($options['conditions'][0]) && strstr($options['conditions'][0], '?') && count($options['conditions']) > 1){
                $pattern = array_shift($options['conditions']);
                $options['bind'] = array_values($options['conditions']);
                $options['conditions'] = $pattern;
            }elseif (isset($options['conditions'][0])){
                $pattern = array_shift($options['conditions']);
                $options['conditions'] = str_replace(array_keys($options['conditions']), array_values($this->getSanitizedConditionsArray($options['conditions'])),$pattern);
            }else{
                $options['conditions'] = join(' AND ',(array)$this->getAttributesQuoted($options['conditions']));
            }
        }

        if ($num_args === 2 && !empty($args[0]) && !empty($args[1]) && is_string($args[0]) && ($args[0] == 'all' || $args[0] == 'first') && is_string($args[1])){
            if (!is_array($args[1]) && $args[1] > 0 && $args[0] == 'first'){
                $num_args = 1;
                $args = array($args[1]);
                $options = array();
            }else{
                $options['conditions'] = $args[1];
                $args = array($args[0]);
            }
        }elseif ($num_args === 1 && isset($args[0]) && is_string($args[0]) && $args[0] != 'all' && $args[0] != 'first'){
            $options = array('conditions'=> $args[0]);
            $args = array('first');
        }

        if(!empty($options['conditions']) && is_numeric($options['conditions']) && $options['conditions'] > 0){
            unset($options['conditions']);
        }

        if($num_args > 1){
            if(!empty($args[0]) && is_string($args[0]) && strstr($args[0],'?')){
                $options = array_merge(array('conditions' => array_shift($args)), $options);
                $options['bind'] = $args;
                $args = array('all');
            }elseif (!empty($args[1]) && is_string($args[1]) && strstr($args[1],'?')){
                $_tmp_mode = array_shift($args);
                $options = array_merge(array('conditions' => array_shift($args)),$options);
                $options['bind'] = $args;
                $args = array($_tmp_mode);
            }
        }

        switch ($args[0]) {
            case 'first':

            $options = array_merge($options, array((!empty($options['include']) && $this->hasAssociations() ?'virtual_limit':'limit')=>1));
            $result =& $this->find('all', $options);

            if(!empty($result) && is_array($result)){
                $_result =& $result[0];
            }else{
                $_result = false;
            }
            return  $_result;
            break;

            case 'all':


            $limit = isset($options['limit']) ? $options['limit'] : null;
            $offset = isset($options['offset']) ? $options['offset'] : null;
            if((empty($options['conditions']) && empty($options['order']) && is_null($offset) && $this->_getDatabaseType() == 'postgre' ? 1 : 0)){
                $options['order'] = $this->getPrimaryKey();
            }
            $sql = $this->constructFinderSql($options);
            if(!empty($options['bind']) && is_array($options['bind']) && strstr($sql,'?')){
                $sql = array_merge(array($sql),$options['bind']);
            }

            if((!empty($options['include']) && $this->hasAssociations())){
                $result =& $this->findWithAssociations($options,  $limit, $offset);
            }else{
                $result =& $this->findBySql($sql, $limit, $offset);
            }

            if(!empty($result) && is_array($result)){
                $_result =& $result;
            }else{
                $_result = false;
            }
            return  $_result;
            break;

            default:

            $ids = array_unique(isset($args[0]) ? (is_array($args[0]) ? $args[0] : (array)$args) : array());

            $num_ids = count($ids);
            $num_args = count($args);

            if(isset($ids[$num_ids-1]) && is_array($ids[$num_ids-1])){
                $options =  array_merge($options, array_pop($ids));
                $num_ids--;
            }

            if($num_args === 1 && !$args[0] > 0){
                $options['conditions'] = $args[0];
            }

            $conditions = !empty($options['conditions']) ? ' AND '.$options['conditions'] : '';

            if(empty($options) && !empty($args[0]) && !empty($args[1]) && is_array($args[0]) && is_array($args[1])){
                $options = array_pop($args);
            }

            switch ($num_ids){

                case 0 :
                trigger_error($this->t('Couldn\'t find %object_name without an ID%conditions',array('%object_name'=>$this->getModelName(),'%conditions'=>$conditions)), E_USER_ERROR);
                break;

                case 1 :
                $table_name = !empty($options['include']) && $this->hasAssociations() ? '__owner' : $this->getTableName();
                $result =& $this->find('first', array_merge($options, array('conditions' => $table_name.'.'.$this->getPrimaryKey().' = '.$ids[0].$conditions)));
                if(is_array($args[0]) && $result !== false){
                    //This is a dirty hack for avoiding PHP4 pass by reference error
                    $result_for_ref = array(&$result);
                    $_result =& $result_for_ref;
                }else{
                    $_result =& $result;
                }
                return  $_result;

                break;

                default:

                $ids_condition = $this->getPrimaryKey().' IN ('.join(', ',$ids).')';

                if(!empty($options['conditions']) && is_array($options['conditions'])){
                    $options['conditions'][0] = $ids_condition.' AND '.$options['conditions'][0];
                }elseif(!empty($options['conditions'])){
                    $options['conditions'] = $ids_condition.' AND '.$options['conditions'];
                }else{
                    $without_conditions = true;
                    $options['conditions'] = $ids_condition;
                }

                $result =& $this->find('all', $options);
                if(is_array($result) && (count($result) == $num_ids || empty($without_conditions))){
                    if($result === false){
                        $_result = false;
                    }else{
                        $_result =& $result;
                    }
                    return $_result;
                }else{
                    $result = false;
                    return $result;
                }
                break;
            }
            break;
        }
        $result = false;
        return $result;
    }

    function &findFirst()
    {
        if(!isset($this->_activeRecordHasBeenInstantiated)){
            return Ak::handleStaticCall();
        }
        $args = func_get_args();
        $result =& Ak::call_user_func_array(array(&$this,'find'), array_merge(array('first'),$args));
        return $result;
    }

    function &findAll()
    {
        if(!isset($this->_activeRecordHasBeenInstantiated)){
            return Ak::handleStaticCall();
        }
        $args = func_get_args();
        $result =& Ak::call_user_func_array(array(&$this,'find'), array_merge(array('all'),$args));
        return $result;
    }


    function &objectCache()
    {
        static $cache;
        $args =& func_get_args();
        if(count($args) == 2){
            if(!isset($cache[$args[0]])){
                $cache[$args[0]] =& $args[1];
            }
        }elseif(!isset($cache[$args[0]])){
            return false;
        }
        return $cache[$args[0]];
    }

    /**
    * Gets an array from a string.
    *
    * Acts like Php explode() function but uses any of this as valid separators ' AND ',' and ',' + ',' ',',',';'
    */
    function getArrayFromAkString($string)
    {
        if(is_array($string)){
            return $string;
        }
        $string = str_replace(array(' AND ',' and ',' + ',' ',',',';'),array('|','|','|','','|','|'),trim($string));
        return strstr($string,'|') ? explode('|', $string) : array($string);
    }

    // Gets the column name for use with single table inheritance ? can be overridden in subclasses.
    function getInheritanceColumn()
    {
        return empty($this->_inheritanceColumn) ? ($this->hasColumn('type') ? 'type' : false ) : $this->_inheritanceColumn;
    }

    // Defines the column name for use with single table inheritance ? can be overridden in subclasses.
    function setInheritanceColumn($column_name)
    {
        if(!$this->hasColumn($column_name)){
            trigger_error(Ak::t('Could not set "%column_name" as the inheritance column as this column is not available on the database.',array('%column_name'=>$column_name)), E_USER_NOTICE);
            return false;
        }elseif($this->getColumnType($column_name) != 'string'){
            trigger_error(Ak::t('Could not set %column_name as the inheritance column as this column type is "%column_type" instead of "string".',array('%column_name'=>$column_name,'%column_type'=>$this->getColumnType($column_name))), E_USER_NOTICE);
            return false;
        }else{
            $this->_inheritanceColumn = $column_name;
            return true;
        }
    }

    function getColumnsWithRegexBoundaries()
    {
        $columns = array_keys($this->getColumns());
        foreach ($columns as $k=>$column){
            $columns[$k] = '/([^\.])\b('.$column.')\b/';
        }
        return $columns;
    }



    //SELECT t.code as codigo , c.description  as descripcion FROM technical_listings as t LEFT OUTER JOIN categories as c ON c.id = t.category_id



    /**
    * Works like find_all, but requires a complete SQL string. Examples:
    * $Post->findBySql("SELECT p.*, c.author FROM posts p, comments c WHERE p.id = c.post_id");
    * $Post->findBySql(array("SELECT * FROM posts WHERE author = ? AND created_on > ?", $author_id, $start_date));
    */
    function &findBySql($sql, $limit = null, $offset = null, $bindings = null)
    {
        if(!isset($this->_activeRecordHasBeenInstantiated)){
            return Ak::handleStaticCall();
        }
        if(is_array($sql)){
            $sql_query = array_shift($sql);
            $bindings = is_array($sql) && count($sql) > 0 ? $sql : array($sql);
            $sql = $sql_query;
        }
        $this->setConnection();
        
        AK_LOG_EVENTS ? $this->_startSqlBlockLog() : null;
                
        $objects = array();
        if(is_integer($limit)){
            if(is_integer($offset)){
                $results = !empty($bindings) ? $this->_db->SelectLimit($sql, $limit, $offset, $bindings) : $this->_db->SelectLimit($sql, $limit, $offset);
            }else {
                $results = !empty($bindings) ? $this->_db->SelectLimit($sql, $limit, -1, $bindings) : $this->_db->SelectLimit($sql, $limit);
            }
        }else{
            $results = !empty($bindings) ? $this->_db->Execute($sql, $bindings) : $this->_db->Execute($sql);
        }
        
        AK_LOG_EVENTS ? $this->_endSqlBlockLog() : null;

        if(!$results){
            AK_DEBUG ? trigger_error($this->_db->ErrorMsg(), E_USER_NOTICE) : null;
        }else{
            $objects = array();
            while ($record = $results->FetchRow()) {
                $objects[] =& $this->instantiate($this->getOnlyAvailableAtrributes($record), false);
            }
        }

        return $objects;
    }



    /**
    * This function pretends to emulate ror finders until AkActiveRecord::addMethod becomes stable on future PHP versions.
    * @todo use PHP5 __call method for handling the magic finder methods like findFirstByUnsenameAndPassword('bermi','pass')
    */
    function &findFirstBy()
    {
        if(!isset($this->_activeRecordHasBeenInstantiated)){
            return Ak::handleStaticCall();
        }
        $args = func_get_args();
        if($args[0] != 'first'){
            array_unshift($args,'first');
        }
        $result =& Ak::call_user_func_array(array(&$this,'findBy'), $args);
        return $result;
    }

    function &findLastBy()
    {
        if(!isset($this->_activeRecordHasBeenInstantiated)){
            return Ak::handleStaticCall();
        }
        $args = func_get_args();
        $options = array_pop($args);
        if(!is_array($options)){
            array_push($args, $options);
            $options = array();
        }
        $options['order'] = $this->getPrimaryKey().' DESC';
        array_push($args, $options);
        $result =& Ak::call_user_func_array(array(&$this,'findFirstBy'), $args);
        return $result;
    }

    function &findAllBy()
    {
        if(!isset($this->_activeRecordHasBeenInstantiated)){
            return Ak::handleStaticCall();
        }
        $args = func_get_args();
        if($args[0] == 'first'){
            array_shift($args);
        }
        $result =& Ak::call_user_func_array(array(&$this,'findBy'), $args);
        return $result;
    }

    function &findBy()
    {
        if(!isset($this->_activeRecordHasBeenInstantiated)){
            return Ak::handleStaticCall();
        }
        $args = func_get_args();
        $sql = array_shift($args);
        if($sql == 'all' || $sql == 'first'){
            $fetch = $sql;
            $sql = array_shift($args);
        }else{
            $fetch = 'all';
        }

        $options = array_pop($args);

        if(!is_array($options)){
            array_push($args, $options);
            $options = array();
        }

        $query_values = $args;
        $query_arguments_count = count($query_values);

        $sql = str_replace(array('(',')','||','|','&&','&','  '),array(' ( ',' ) ',' OR ',' OR ',' AND ',' AND ',' '),$sql);
        $operators = array('AND','and','(',')','&','&&','NOT','<>','OR','|','||');
        $pieces = explode(' ',$sql);
        $pieces = array_diff($pieces,array(' ',''));
        $params = array_diff($pieces,$operators);
        $operators = array_diff($pieces,$params);

        $new_sql = '';
        $parameter_count = 0;
        $requested_args = array();
        foreach ($pieces as $piece){
            if(in_array($piece,$params) && $this->hasColumn($piece)){
                $new_sql .= $piece.' = ? ';
                $requested_args[$parameter_count] = $piece;
                $parameter_count++;
            }elseif (!in_array($piece,$operators)){

                if(strstr($piece,':')){
                    $_tmp_parts = explode(':',$piece);
                    if($this->hasColumn($_tmp_parts[0])){
                        switch (strtolower($_tmp_parts[1])) {
                            case 'like':
                            case '%like%':
                            case 'is':
                            case 'has':
                            case 'contains':
                            $query_values[$parameter_count] = '%'.$query_values[$parameter_count].'%';
                            $new_sql .= $_tmp_parts[0]." LIKE ? ";
                            break;
                            case 'like_left':
                            case 'like%':
                            case 'begins':
                            case 'begins_with':
                            case 'starts':
                            case 'starts_with':
                            $query_values[$parameter_count] = $query_values[$parameter_count].'%';
                            $new_sql .= $_tmp_parts[0]." LIKE…