/tags/vim7.0.243/src/ex_cmds.c

Large files files are truncated, but you can click here to view the full file

/* vi:set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4:
 *
 * VIM - Vi IMproved	by Bram Moolenaar
 *
 * Do ":help uganda"  in Vim to read copying and usage conditions.
 * Do ":help credits" in Vim to see a list of people who contributed.
 * See README.txt for an overview of the Vim source code.
 */

/*
 * ex_cmds.c: some functions for command line commands
 */

#include "vim.h"
#ifdef HAVE_FCNTL_H
# include <fcntl.h>
#endif
#include "version.h"

#ifdef FEAT_EX_EXTRA
static int linelen __ARGS((int *has_tab));
#endif
static void do_filter __ARGS((linenr_T line1, linenr_T line2, exarg_T *eap, char_u *cmd, int do_in, int do_out));
#ifdef FEAT_VIMINFO
static char_u *viminfo_filename __ARGS((char_u	*));
static void do_viminfo __ARGS((FILE *fp_in, FILE *fp_out, int want_info, int want_marks, int force_read));
static int viminfo_encoding __ARGS((vir_T *virp));
static int read_viminfo_up_to_marks __ARGS((vir_T *virp, int forceit, int writing));
#endif

static int check_overwrite __ARGS((exarg_T *eap, buf_T *buf, char_u *fname, char_u *ffname, int other));
static int check_readonly __ARGS((int *forceit, buf_T *buf));
#ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
static void delbuf_msg __ARGS((char_u *name));
#endif
static int
#ifdef __BORLANDC__
    _RTLENTRYF
#endif
	help_compare __ARGS((const void *s1, const void *s2));

/*
 * ":ascii" and "ga".
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
    void
do_ascii(eap)
    exarg_T	*eap;
{
    int		c;
    char	buf1[20];
    char	buf2[20];
    char_u	buf3[7];
#ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
    int		cc[MAX_MCO];
    int		ci = 0;
    int		len;

    if (enc_utf8)
	c = utfc_ptr2char(ml_get_cursor(), cc);
    else
#endif
	c = gchar_cursor();
    if (c == NUL)
    {
	MSG("NUL");
	return;
    }

#ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
    IObuff[0] = NUL;
    if (!has_mbyte || (enc_dbcs != 0 && c < 0x100) || c < 0x80)
#endif
    {
	if (c == NL)	    /* NUL is stored as NL */
	    c = NUL;
	if (vim_isprintc_strict(c) && (c < ' '
#ifndef EBCDIC
		    || c > '~'
#endif
			       ))
	{
	    transchar_nonprint(buf3, c);
	    sprintf(buf1, "  <%s>", (char *)buf3);
	}
	else
	    buf1[0] = NUL;
#ifndef EBCDIC
	if (c >= 0x80)
	    sprintf(buf2, "  <M-%s>", transchar(c & 0x7f));
	else
#endif
	    buf2[0] = NUL;
	vim_snprintf((char *)IObuff, IOSIZE,
		_("<%s>%s%s  %d,  Hex %02x,  Octal %03o"),
					   transchar(c), buf1, buf2, c, c, c);
#ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
	if (enc_utf8)
	    c = cc[ci++];
	else
	    c = 0;
#endif
    }

#ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
    /* Repeat for combining characters. */
    while (has_mbyte && (c >= 0x100 || (enc_utf8 && c >= 0x80)))
    {
	len = (int)STRLEN(IObuff);
	/* This assumes every multi-byte char is printable... */
	if (len > 0)
	    IObuff[len++] = ' ';
	IObuff[len++] = '<';
	if (enc_utf8 && utf_iscomposing(c)
# ifdef USE_GUI
		&& !gui.in_use
# endif
		)
	    IObuff[len++] = ' '; /* draw composing char on top of a space */
	len += (*mb_char2bytes)(c, IObuff + len);
	vim_snprintf((char *)IObuff + len, IOSIZE - len,
			c < 0x10000 ? _("> %d, Hex %04x, Octal %o")
				    : _("> %d, Hex %08x, Octal %o"), c, c, c);
	if (ci == MAX_MCO)
	    break;
	if (enc_utf8)
	    c = cc[ci++];
	else
	    c = 0;
    }
#endif

    msg(IObuff);
}

#if defined(FEAT_EX_EXTRA) || defined(PROTO)
/*
 * ":left", ":center" and ":right": align text.
 */
    void
ex_align(eap)
    exarg_T	*eap;
{
    pos_T	save_curpos;
    int		len;
    int		indent = 0;
    int		new_indent;
    int		has_tab;
    int		width;

#ifdef FEAT_RIGHTLEFT
    if (curwin->w_p_rl)
    {
	/* switch left and right aligning */
	if (eap->cmdidx == CMD_right)
	    eap->cmdidx = CMD_left;
	else if (eap->cmdidx == CMD_left)
	    eap->cmdidx = CMD_right;
    }
#endif

    width = atoi((char *)eap->arg);
    save_curpos = curwin->w_cursor;
    if (eap->cmdidx == CMD_left)    /* width is used for new indent */
    {
	if (width >= 0)
	    indent = width;
    }
    else
    {
	/*
	 * if 'textwidth' set, use it
	 * else if 'wrapmargin' set, use it
	 * if invalid value, use 80
	 */
	if (width <= 0)
	    width = curbuf->b_p_tw;
	if (width == 0 && curbuf->b_p_wm > 0)
	    width = W_WIDTH(curwin) - curbuf->b_p_wm;
	if (width <= 0)
	    width = 80;
    }

    if (u_save((linenr_T)(eap->line1 - 1), (linenr_T)(eap->line2 + 1)) == FAIL)
	return;

    for (curwin->w_cursor.lnum = eap->line1;
		 curwin->w_cursor.lnum <= eap->line2; ++curwin->w_cursor.lnum)
    {
	if (eap->cmdidx == CMD_left)		/* left align */
	    new_indent = indent;
	else
	{
	    has_tab = FALSE;	/* avoid uninit warnings */
	    len = linelen(eap->cmdidx == CMD_right ? &has_tab
						   : NULL) - get_indent();

	    if (len <= 0)			/* skip blank lines */
		continue;

	    if (eap->cmdidx == CMD_center)
		new_indent = (width - len) / 2;
	    else
	    {
		new_indent = width - len;	/* right align */

		/*
		 * Make sure that embedded TABs don't make the text go too far
		 * to the right.
		 */
		if (has_tab)
		    while (new_indent > 0)
		    {
			(void)set_indent(new_indent, 0);
			if (linelen(NULL) <= width)
			{
			    /*
			     * Now try to move the line as much as possible to
			     * the right.  Stop when it moves too far.
			     */
			    do
				(void)set_indent(++new_indent, 0);
			    while (linelen(NULL) <= width);
			    --new_indent;
			    break;
			}
			--new_indent;
		    }
	    }
	}
	if (new_indent < 0)
	    new_indent = 0;
	(void)set_indent(new_indent, 0);		/* set indent */
    }
    changed_lines(eap->line1, 0, eap->line2 + 1, 0L);
    curwin->w_cursor = save_curpos;
    beginline(BL_WHITE | BL_FIX);
}

/*
 * Get the length of the current line, excluding trailing white space.
 */
    static int
linelen(has_tab)
    int	    *has_tab;
{
    char_u  *line;
    char_u  *first;
    char_u  *last;
    int	    save;
    int	    len;

    /* find the first non-blank character */
    line = ml_get_curline();
    first = skipwhite(line);

    /* find the character after the last non-blank character */
    for (last = first + STRLEN(first);
				last > first && vim_iswhite(last[-1]); --last)
	;
    save = *last;
    *last = NUL;
    len = linetabsize(line);		/* get line length */
    if (has_tab != NULL)		/* check for embedded TAB */
	*has_tab = (vim_strrchr(first, TAB) != NULL);
    *last = save;

    return len;
}

/* Buffer for two lines used during sorting.  They are allocated to
 * contain the longest line being sorted. */
static char_u	*sortbuf1;
static char_u	*sortbuf2;

static int	sort_ic;		/* ignore case */
static int	sort_nr;		/* sort on number */
static int	sort_rx;		/* sort on regex instead of skipping it */

static int	sort_abort;		/* flag to indicate if sorting has been interrupted */

/* Struct to store info to be sorted. */
typedef struct
{
    linenr_T	lnum;			/* line number */
    long	start_col_nr;		/* starting column number or number */
    long	end_col_nr;		/* ending column number */
} sorti_T;

static int
#ifdef __BORLANDC__
_RTLENTRYF
#endif
sort_compare __ARGS((const void *s1, const void *s2));

    static int
#ifdef __BORLANDC__
_RTLENTRYF
#endif
sort_compare(s1, s2)
    const void	*s1;
    const void	*s2;
{
    sorti_T	l1 = *(sorti_T *)s1;
    sorti_T	l2 = *(sorti_T *)s2;
    int		result = 0;

    /* If the user interrupts, there's no way to stop qsort() immediately, but
     * if we return 0 every time, qsort will assume it's done sorting and
     * exit. */
    if (sort_abort)
	return 0;
    fast_breakcheck();
    if (got_int)
	sort_abort = TRUE;

    /* When sorting numbers "start_col_nr" is the number, not the column
     * number. */
    if (sort_nr)
	result = l1.start_col_nr - l2.start_col_nr;
    else
    {
	/* We need to copy one line into "sortbuf1", because there is no
	 * guarantee that the first pointer becomes invalid when obtaining the
	 * second one. */
	STRNCPY(sortbuf1, ml_get(l1.lnum) + l1.start_col_nr,
					 l1.end_col_nr - l1.start_col_nr + 1);
	sortbuf1[l1.end_col_nr - l1.start_col_nr] = 0;
	STRNCPY(sortbuf2, ml_get(l2.lnum) + l2.start_col_nr,
					 l2.end_col_nr - l2.start_col_nr + 1);
	sortbuf2[l2.end_col_nr - l2.start_col_nr] = 0;

	result = sort_ic ? STRICMP(sortbuf1, sortbuf2)
						 : STRCMP(sortbuf1, sortbuf2);
    }

    /* If two lines have the same value, preserve the original line order. */
    if (result == 0)
	return (int)(l1.lnum - l2.lnum);
    return result;
}

/*
 * ":sort".
 */
    void
ex_sort(eap)
    exarg_T	*eap;
{
    regmatch_T	regmatch;
    int		len;
    linenr_T	lnum;
    long	maxlen = 0;
    sorti_T	*nrs;
    size_t	count = eap->line2 - eap->line1 + 1;
    size_t	i;
    char_u	*p;
    char_u	*s;
    char_u	*s2;
    char_u	c;			/* temporary character storage */
    int		unique = FALSE;
    long	deleted;
    colnr_T	start_col;
    colnr_T	end_col;
    int		sort_oct;		/* sort on octal number */
    int		sort_hex;		/* sort on hex number */

    if (u_save((linenr_T)(eap->line1 - 1), (linenr_T)(eap->line2 + 1)) == FAIL)
	return;
    sortbuf1 = NULL;
    sortbuf2 = NULL;
    regmatch.regprog = NULL;
    nrs = (sorti_T *)lalloc((long_u)(count * sizeof(sorti_T)), TRUE);
    if (nrs == NULL)
	goto sortend;

    sort_abort = sort_ic = sort_rx = sort_nr = sort_oct = sort_hex = 0;

    for (p = eap->arg; *p != NUL; ++p)
    {
	if (vim_iswhite(*p))
	    ;
	else if (*p == 'i')
	    sort_ic = TRUE;
	else if (*p == 'r')
	    sort_rx = TRUE;
	else if (*p == 'n')
	    sort_nr = 2;
	else if (*p == 'o')
	    sort_oct = 2;
	else if (*p == 'x')
	    sort_hex = 2;
	else if (*p == 'u')
	    unique = TRUE;
	else if (*p == '"')	/* comment start */
	    break;
	else if (check_nextcmd(p) != NULL)
	{
	    eap->nextcmd = check_nextcmd(p);
	    break;
	}
	else if (!ASCII_ISALPHA(*p) && regmatch.regprog == NULL)
	{
	    s = skip_regexp(p + 1, *p, TRUE, NULL);
	    if (*s != *p)
	    {
		EMSG(_(e_invalpat));
		goto sortend;
	    }
	    *s = NUL;
	    regmatch.regprog = vim_regcomp(p + 1, RE_MAGIC);
	    if (regmatch.regprog == NULL)
		goto sortend;
	    p = s;		/* continue after the regexp */
	    regmatch.rm_ic = p_ic;
	}
	else
	{
	    EMSG2(_(e_invarg2), p);
	    goto sortend;
	}
    }

    /* Can only have one of 'n', 'o' and 'x'. */
    if (sort_nr + sort_oct + sort_hex > 2)
    {
	EMSG(_(e_invarg));
	goto sortend;
    }

    /* From here on "sort_nr" is used as a flag for any number sorting. */
    sort_nr += sort_oct + sort_hex;

    /*
     * Make an array with all line numbers.  This avoids having to copy all
     * the lines into allocated memory.
     * When sorting on strings "start_col_nr" is the offset in the line, for
     * numbers sorting it's the number to sort on.  This means the pattern
     * matching and number conversion only has to be done once per line.
     * Also get the longest line length for allocating "sortbuf".
     */
    for (lnum = eap->line1; lnum <= eap->line2; ++lnum)
    {
	s = ml_get(lnum);
	len = (int)STRLEN(s);
	if (maxlen < len)
	    maxlen = len;

	start_col = 0;
	end_col = len;
	if (regmatch.regprog != NULL && vim_regexec(&regmatch, s, 0))
	{
	    if (sort_rx)
	    {
		start_col = (colnr_T)(regmatch.startp[0] - s);
		end_col = (colnr_T)(regmatch.endp[0] - s);
	    }
	    else
		start_col = (colnr_T)(regmatch.endp[0] - s);
	}
	else
	    if (regmatch.regprog != NULL)
		end_col = 0;

	if (sort_nr)
	{
	    /* Make sure vim_str2nr doesn't read any digits past the end
	     * of the match, by temporarily terminating the string there */
	    s2 = s + end_col;
	    c = *s2;
	    (*s2) = 0;
	    /* Sorting on number: Store the number itself. */
	    if (sort_hex)
		s = skiptohex(s + start_col);
	    else
		s = skiptodigit(s + start_col);
	    vim_str2nr(s, NULL, NULL, sort_oct, sort_hex,
					&nrs[lnum - eap->line1].start_col_nr, NULL);
	    (*s2) = c;
	}
	else
	{
	    /* Store the column to sort at. */
	    nrs[lnum - eap->line1].start_col_nr = start_col;
	    nrs[lnum - eap->line1].end_col_nr = end_col;
	}

	nrs[lnum - eap->line1].lnum = lnum;

	if (regmatch.regprog != NULL)
	    fast_breakcheck();
	if (got_int)
	    goto sortend;
    }

    /* Allocate a buffer that can hold the longest line. */
    sortbuf1 = alloc((unsigned)maxlen + 1);
    if (sortbuf1 == NULL)
	goto sortend;
    sortbuf2 = alloc((unsigned)maxlen + 1);
    if (sortbuf2 == NULL)
	goto sortend;

    /* Sort the array of line numbers.  Note: can't be interrupted! */
    qsort((void *)nrs, count, sizeof(sorti_T), sort_compare);

    if (sort_abort)
	goto sortend;

    /* Insert the lines in the sorted order below the last one. */
    lnum = eap->line2;
    for (i = 0; i < count; ++i)
    {
	s = ml_get(nrs[eap->forceit ? count - i - 1 : i].lnum);
	if (!unique || i == 0
		|| (sort_ic ? STRICMP(s, sortbuf1) : STRCMP(s, sortbuf1)) != 0)
	{
	    if (ml_append(lnum++, s, (colnr_T)0, FALSE) == FAIL)
		break;
	    if (unique)
		STRCPY(sortbuf1, s);
	}
	fast_breakcheck();
	if (got_int)
	    goto sortend;
    }

    /* delete the original lines if appending worked */
    if (i == count)
	for (i = 0; i < count; ++i)
	    ml_delete(eap->line1, FALSE);
    else
	count = 0;

    /* Adjust marks for deleted (or added) lines and prepare for displaying. */
    deleted = (long)(count - (lnum - eap->line2));
    if (deleted > 0)
	mark_adjust(eap->line2 - deleted, eap->line2, (long)MAXLNUM, -deleted);
    else if (deleted < 0)
	mark_adjust(eap->line2, MAXLNUM, -deleted, 0L);
    changed_lines(eap->line1, 0, eap->line2 + 1, -deleted);

    curwin->w_cursor.lnum = eap->line1;
    beginline(BL_WHITE | BL_FIX);

sortend:
    vim_free(nrs);
    vim_free(sortbuf1);
    vim_free(sortbuf2);
    vim_free(regmatch.regprog);
    if (got_int)
	EMSG(_(e_interr));
}

/*
 * ":retab".
 */
    void
ex_retab(eap)
    exarg_T	*eap;
{
    linenr_T	lnum;
    int		got_tab = FALSE;
    long	num_spaces = 0;
    long	num_tabs;
    long	len;
    long	col;
    long	vcol;
    long	start_col = 0;		/* For start of white-space string */
    long	start_vcol = 0;		/* For start of white-space string */
    int		temp;
    long	old_len;
    char_u	*ptr;
    char_u	*new_line = (char_u *)1;    /* init to non-NULL */
    int		did_undo;		/* called u_save for current line */
    int		new_ts;
    int		save_list;
    linenr_T	first_line = 0;		/* first changed line */
    linenr_T	last_line = 0;		/* last changed line */

    save_list = curwin->w_p_list;
    curwin->w_p_list = 0;	    /* don't want list mode here */

    new_ts = getdigits(&(eap->arg));
    if (new_ts < 0)
    {
	EMSG(_(e_positive));
	return;
    }
    if (new_ts == 0)
	new_ts = curbuf->b_p_ts;
    for (lnum = eap->line1; !got_int && lnum <= eap->line2; ++lnum)
    {
	ptr = ml_get(lnum);
	col = 0;
	vcol = 0;
	did_undo = FALSE;
	for (;;)
	{
	    if (vim_iswhite(ptr[col]))
	    {
		if (!got_tab && num_spaces == 0)
		{
		    /* First consecutive white-space */
		    start_vcol = vcol;
		    start_col = col;
		}
		if (ptr[col] == ' ')
		    num_spaces++;
		else
		    got_tab = TRUE;
	    }
	    else
	    {
		if (got_tab || (eap->forceit && num_spaces > 1))
		{
		    /* Retabulate this string of white-space */

		    /* len is virtual length of white string */
		    len = num_spaces = vcol - start_vcol;
		    num_tabs = 0;
		    if (!curbuf->b_p_et)
		    {
			temp = new_ts - (start_vcol % new_ts);
			if (num_spaces >= temp)
			{
			    num_spaces -= temp;
			    num_tabs++;
			}
			num_tabs += num_spaces / new_ts;
			num_spaces -= (num_spaces / new_ts) * new_ts;
		    }
		    if (curbuf->b_p_et || got_tab ||
					(num_spaces + num_tabs < len))
		    {
			if (did_undo == FALSE)
			{
			    did_undo = TRUE;
			    if (u_save((linenr_T)(lnum - 1),
						(linenr_T)(lnum + 1)) == FAIL)
			    {
				new_line = NULL;	/* flag out-of-memory */
				break;
			    }
			}

			/* len is actual number of white characters used */
			len = num_spaces + num_tabs;
			old_len = (long)STRLEN(ptr);
			new_line = lalloc(old_len - col + start_col + len + 1,
									TRUE);
			if (new_line == NULL)
			    break;
			if (start_col > 0)
			    mch_memmove(new_line, ptr, (size_t)start_col);
			mch_memmove(new_line + start_col + len,
				      ptr + col, (size_t)(old_len - col + 1));
			ptr = new_line + start_col;
			for (col = 0; col < len; col++)
			    ptr[col] = (col < num_tabs) ? '\t' : ' ';
			ml_replace(lnum, new_line, FALSE);
			if (first_line == 0)
			    first_line = lnum;
			last_line = lnum;
			ptr = new_line;
			col = start_col + len;
		    }
		}
		got_tab = FALSE;
		num_spaces = 0;
	    }
	    if (ptr[col] == NUL)
		break;
	    vcol += chartabsize(ptr + col, (colnr_T)vcol);
#ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
	    if (has_mbyte)
		col += (*mb_ptr2len)(ptr + col);
	    else
#endif
		++col;
	}
	if (new_line == NULL)		    /* out of memory */
	    break;
	line_breakcheck();
    }
    if (got_int)
	EMSG(_(e_interr));

    if (curbuf->b_p_ts != new_ts)
	redraw_curbuf_later(NOT_VALID);
    if (first_line != 0)
	changed_lines(first_line, 0, last_line + 1, 0L);

    curwin->w_p_list = save_list;	/* restore 'list' */

    curbuf->b_p_ts = new_ts;
    coladvance(curwin->w_curswant);

    u_clearline();
}
#endif

/*
 * :move command - move lines line1-line2 to line dest
 *
 * return FAIL for failure, OK otherwise
 */
    int
do_move(line1, line2, dest)
    linenr_T	line1;
    linenr_T	line2;
    linenr_T	dest;
{
    char_u	*str;
    linenr_T	l;
    linenr_T	extra;	    /* Num lines added before line1 */
    linenr_T	num_lines;  /* Num lines moved */
    linenr_T	last_line;  /* Last line in file after adding new text */

    if (dest >= line1 && dest < line2)
    {
	EMSG(_("E134: Move lines into themselves"));
	return FAIL;
    }

    num_lines = line2 - line1 + 1;

    /*
     * First we copy the old text to its new location -- webb
     * Also copy the flag that ":global" command uses.
     */
    if (u_save(dest, dest + 1) == FAIL)
	return FAIL;
    for (extra = 0, l = line1; l <= line2; l++)
    {
	str = vim_strsave(ml_get(l + extra));
	if (str != NULL)
	{
	    ml_append(dest + l - line1, str, (colnr_T)0, FALSE);
	    vim_free(str);
	    if (dest < line1)
		extra++;
	}
    }

    /*
     * Now we must be careful adjusting our marks so that we don't overlap our
     * mark_adjust() calls.
     *
     * We adjust the marks within the old text so that they refer to the
     * last lines of the file (temporarily), because we know no other marks
     * will be set there since these line numbers did not exist until we added
     * our new lines.
     *
     * Then we adjust the marks on lines between the old and new text positions
     * (either forwards or backwards).
     *
     * And Finally we adjust the marks we put at the end of the file back to
     * their final destination at the new text position -- webb
     */
    last_line = curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count;
    mark_adjust(line1, line2, last_line - line2, 0L);
    if (dest >= line2)
    {
	mark_adjust(line2 + 1, dest, -num_lines, 0L);
	curbuf->b_op_start.lnum = dest - num_lines + 1;
	curbuf->b_op_end.lnum = dest;
    }
    else
    {
	mark_adjust(dest + 1, line1 - 1, num_lines, 0L);
	curbuf->b_op_start.lnum = dest + 1;
	curbuf->b_op_end.lnum = dest + num_lines;
    }
    curbuf->b_op_start.col = curbuf->b_op_end.col = 0;
    mark_adjust(last_line - num_lines + 1, last_line,
					     -(last_line - dest - extra), 0L);

    /*
     * Now we delete the original text -- webb
     */
    if (u_save(line1 + extra - 1, line2 + extra + 1) == FAIL)
	return FAIL;

    for (l = line1; l <= line2; l++)
	ml_delete(line1 + extra, TRUE);

    if (!global_busy && num_lines > p_report)
    {
	if (num_lines == 1)
	    MSG(_("1 line moved"));
	else
	    smsg((char_u *)_("%ld lines moved"), num_lines);
    }

    /*
     * Leave the cursor on the last of the moved lines.
     */
    if (dest >= line1)
	curwin->w_cursor.lnum = dest;
    else
	curwin->w_cursor.lnum = dest + (line2 - line1) + 1;

    if (line1 < dest)
	changed_lines(line1, 0, dest + num_lines + 1, 0L);
    else
	changed_lines(dest + 1, 0, line1 + num_lines, 0L);

    return OK;
}

/*
 * ":copy"
 */
    void
ex_copy(line1, line2, n)
    linenr_T	line1;
    linenr_T	line2;
    linenr_T	n;
{
    linenr_T	count;
    char_u	*p;

    count = line2 - line1 + 1;
    curbuf->b_op_start.lnum = n + 1;
    curbuf->b_op_end.lnum = n + count;
    curbuf->b_op_start.col = curbuf->b_op_end.col = 0;

    /*
     * there are three situations:
     * 1. destination is above line1
     * 2. destination is between line1 and line2
     * 3. destination is below line2
     *
     * n = destination (when starting)
     * curwin->w_cursor.lnum = destination (while copying)
     * line1 = start of source (while copying)
     * line2 = end of source (while copying)
     */
    if (u_save(n, n + 1) == FAIL)
	return;

    curwin->w_cursor.lnum = n;
    while (line1 <= line2)
    {
	/* need to use vim_strsave() because the line will be unlocked within
	 * ml_append() */
	p = vim_strsave(ml_get(line1));
	if (p != NULL)
	{
	    ml_append(curwin->w_cursor.lnum, p, (colnr_T)0, FALSE);
	    vim_free(p);
	}
	/* situation 2: skip already copied lines */
	if (line1 == n)
	    line1 = curwin->w_cursor.lnum;
	++line1;
	if (curwin->w_cursor.lnum < line1)
	    ++line1;
	if (curwin->w_cursor.lnum < line2)
	    ++line2;
	++curwin->w_cursor.lnum;
    }

    appended_lines_mark(n, count);

    msgmore((long)count);
}

static char_u	*prevcmd = NULL;	/* the previous command */

#if defined(EXITFREE) || defined(PROTO)
    void
free_prev_shellcmd()
{
    vim_free(prevcmd);
}
#endif

/*
 * Handle the ":!cmd" command.	Also for ":r !cmd" and ":w !cmd"
 * Bangs in the argument are replaced with the previously entered command.
 * Remember the argument.
 *
 * RISCOS: Bangs only replaced when followed by a space, since many
 * pathnames contain one.
 */
    void
do_bang(addr_count, eap, forceit, do_in, do_out)
    int		addr_count;
    exarg_T	*eap;
    int		forceit;
    int		do_in, do_out;
{
    char_u		*arg = eap->arg;	/* command */
    linenr_T		line1 = eap->line1;	/* start of range */
    linenr_T		line2 = eap->line2;	/* end of range */
    char_u		*newcmd = NULL;		/* the new command */
    int			free_newcmd = FALSE;    /* need to free() newcmd */
    int			ins_prevcmd;
    char_u		*t;
    char_u		*p;
    char_u		*trailarg;
    int			len;
    int			scroll_save = msg_scroll;

    /*
     * Disallow shell commands for "rvim".
     * Disallow shell commands from .exrc and .vimrc in current directory for
     * security reasons.
     */
    if (check_restricted() || check_secure())
	return;

    if (addr_count == 0)		/* :! */
    {
	msg_scroll = FALSE;	    /* don't scroll here */
	autowrite_all();
	msg_scroll = scroll_save;
    }

    /*
     * Try to find an embedded bang, like in :!<cmd> ! [args]
     * (:!! is indicated by the 'forceit' variable)
     */
    ins_prevcmd = forceit;
    trailarg = arg;
    do
    {
	len = (int)STRLEN(trailarg) + 1;
	if (newcmd != NULL)
	    len += (int)STRLEN(newcmd);
	if (ins_prevcmd)
	{
	    if (prevcmd == NULL)
	    {
		EMSG(_(e_noprev));
		vim_free(newcmd);
		return;
	    }
	    len += (int)STRLEN(prevcmd);
	}
	if ((t = alloc(len)) == NULL)
	{
	    vim_free(newcmd);
	    return;
	}
	*t = NUL;
	if (newcmd != NULL)
	    STRCAT(t, newcmd);
	if (ins_prevcmd)
	    STRCAT(t, prevcmd);
	p = t + STRLEN(t);
	STRCAT(t, trailarg);
	vim_free(newcmd);
	newcmd = t;

	/*
	 * Scan the rest of the argument for '!', which is replaced by the
	 * previous command.  "\!" is replaced by "!" (this is vi compatible).
	 */
	trailarg = NULL;
	while (*p)
	{
	    if (*p == '!'
#ifdef RISCOS
			&& (p[1] == ' ' || p[1] == NUL)
#endif
					)
	    {
		if (p > newcmd && p[-1] == '\\')
		    mch_memmove(p - 1, p, (size_t)(STRLEN(p) + 1));
		else
		{
		    trailarg = p;
		    *trailarg++ = NUL;
		    ins_prevcmd = TRUE;
		    break;
		}
	    }
	    ++p;
	}
    } while (trailarg != NULL);

    vim_free(prevcmd);
    prevcmd = newcmd;

    if (bangredo)	    /* put cmd in redo buffer for ! command */
    {
	AppendToRedobuffLit(prevcmd, -1);
	AppendToRedobuff((char_u *)"\n");
	bangredo = FALSE;
    }
    /*
     * Add quotes around the command, for shells that need them.
     */
    if (*p_shq != NUL)
    {
	newcmd = alloc((unsigned)(STRLEN(prevcmd) + 2 * STRLEN(p_shq) + 1));
	if (newcmd == NULL)
	    return;
	STRCPY(newcmd, p_shq);
	STRCAT(newcmd, prevcmd);
	STRCAT(newcmd, p_shq);
	free_newcmd = TRUE;
    }
    if (addr_count == 0)		/* :! */
    {
	/* echo the command */
	msg_start();
	msg_putchar(':');
	msg_putchar('!');
	msg_outtrans(newcmd);
	msg_clr_eos();
	windgoto(msg_row, msg_col);

	do_shell(newcmd, 0);
    }
    else				/* :range! */
    {
	/* Careful: This may recursively call do_bang() again! (because of
	 * autocommands) */
	do_filter(line1, line2, eap, newcmd, do_in, do_out);
#ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
	apply_autocmds(EVENT_SHELLFILTERPOST, NULL, NULL, FALSE, curbuf);
#endif
    }
    if (free_newcmd)
	vim_free(newcmd);
}

/*
 * do_filter: filter lines through a command given by the user
 *
 * We mostly use temp files and the call_shell() routine here. This would
 * normally be done using pipes on a UNIX machine, but this is more portable
 * to non-unix machines. The call_shell() routine needs to be able
 * to deal with redirection somehow, and should handle things like looking
 * at the PATH env. variable, and adding reasonable extensions to the
 * command name given by the user. All reasonable versions of call_shell()
 * do this.
 * Alternatively, if on Unix and redirecting input or output, but not both,
 * and the 'shelltemp' option isn't set, use pipes.
 * We use input redirection if do_in is TRUE.
 * We use output redirection if do_out is TRUE.
 */
    static void
do_filter(line1, line2, eap, cmd, do_in, do_out)
    linenr_T	line1, line2;
    exarg_T	*eap;		/* for forced 'ff' and 'fenc' */
    char_u	*cmd;
    int		do_in, do_out;
{
    char_u	*itmp = NULL;
    char_u	*otmp = NULL;
    linenr_T	linecount;
    linenr_T	read_linecount;
    pos_T	cursor_save;
    char_u	*cmd_buf;
#ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
    buf_T	*old_curbuf = curbuf;
#endif
    int		shell_flags = 0;

    if (*cmd == NUL)	    /* no filter command */
	return;

#ifdef WIN3264
    /*
     * Check if external commands are allowed now.
     */
    if (can_end_termcap_mode(TRUE) == FALSE)
	return;
#endif

    cursor_save = curwin->w_cursor;
    linecount = line2 - line1 + 1;
    curwin->w_cursor.lnum = line1;
    curwin->w_cursor.col = 0;
    changed_line_abv_curs();
    invalidate_botline();

    /*
     * When using temp files:
     * 1. * Form temp file names
     * 2. * Write the lines to a temp file
     * 3.   Run the filter command on the temp file
     * 4. * Read the output of the command into the buffer
     * 5. * Delete the original lines to be filtered
     * 6. * Remove the temp files
     *
     * When writing the input with a pipe or when catching the output with a
     * pipe only need to do 3.
     */

    if (do_out)
	shell_flags |= SHELL_DOOUT;

#if !defined(USE_SYSTEM) && defined(UNIX)
    if (!do_in && do_out && !p_stmp)
    {
	/* Use a pipe to fetch stdout of the command, do not use a temp file. */
	shell_flags |= SHELL_READ;
	curwin->w_cursor.lnum = line2;
    }
    else if (do_in && !do_out && !p_stmp)
    {
	/* Use a pipe to write stdin of the command, do not use a temp file. */
	shell_flags |= SHELL_WRITE;
	curbuf->b_op_start.lnum = line1;
	curbuf->b_op_end.lnum = line2;
    }
    else if (do_in && do_out && !p_stmp)
    {
	/* Use a pipe to write stdin and fetch stdout of the command, do not
	 * use a temp file. */
	shell_flags |= SHELL_READ|SHELL_WRITE;
	curbuf->b_op_start.lnum = line1;
	curbuf->b_op_end.lnum = line2;
	curwin->w_cursor.lnum = line2;
    }
    else
#endif
	if ((do_in && (itmp = vim_tempname('i')) == NULL)
		|| (do_out && (otmp = vim_tempname('o')) == NULL))
	{
	    EMSG(_(e_notmp));
	    goto filterend;
	}

/*
 * The writing and reading of temp files will not be shown.
 * Vi also doesn't do this and the messages are not very informative.
 */
    ++no_wait_return;		/* don't call wait_return() while busy */
    if (itmp != NULL && buf_write(curbuf, itmp, NULL, line1, line2, eap,
					   FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE) == FAIL)
    {
	msg_putchar('\n');		/* keep message from buf_write() */
	--no_wait_return;
#if defined(FEAT_AUTOCMD) && defined(FEAT_EVAL)
	if (!aborting())
#endif
	    (void)EMSG2(_(e_notcreate), itmp);	/* will call wait_return */
	goto filterend;
    }
#ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
    if (curbuf != old_curbuf)
	goto filterend;
#endif

    if (!do_out)
	msg_putchar('\n');

    cmd_buf = make_filter_cmd(cmd, itmp, otmp);
    if (cmd_buf == NULL)
	goto filterend;

    windgoto((int)Rows - 1, 0);
    cursor_on();

    /*
     * When not redirecting the output the command can write anything to the
     * screen. If 'shellredir' is equal to ">", screen may be messed up by
     * stderr output of external command. Clear the screen later.
     * If do_in is FALSE, this could be something like ":r !cat", which may
     * also mess up the screen, clear it later.
     */
    if (!do_out || STRCMP(p_srr, ">") == 0 || !do_in)
	redraw_later_clear();

    if (do_out)
    {
	if (u_save((linenr_T)(line2), (linenr_T)(line2 + 1)) == FAIL)
	    goto error;
	redraw_curbuf_later(VALID);
    }
    read_linecount = curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count;

    /*
     * When call_shell() fails wait_return() is called to give the user a
     * chance to read the error messages. Otherwise errors are ignored, so you
     * can see the error messages from the command that appear on stdout; use
     * 'u' to fix the text
     * Switch to cooked mode when not redirecting stdin, avoids that something
     * like ":r !cat" hangs.
     * Pass on the SHELL_DOOUT flag when the output is being redirected.
     */
    if (call_shell(cmd_buf, SHELL_FILTER | SHELL_COOKED | shell_flags))
    {
	redraw_later_clear();
	wait_return(FALSE);
    }
    vim_free(cmd_buf);

    did_check_timestamps = FALSE;
    need_check_timestamps = TRUE;

    /* When interrupting the shell command, it may still have produced some
     * useful output.  Reset got_int here, so that readfile() won't cancel
     * reading. */
    ui_breakcheck();
    got_int = FALSE;

    if (do_out)
    {
	if (otmp != NULL)
	{
	    if (readfile(otmp, NULL, line2, (linenr_T)0, (linenr_T)MAXLNUM,
						    eap, READ_FILTER) == FAIL)
	    {
#if defined(FEAT_AUTOCMD) && defined(FEAT_EVAL)
		if (!aborting())
#endif
		{
		    msg_putchar('\n');
		    EMSG2(_(e_notread), otmp);
		}
		goto error;
	    }
#ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
	    if (curbuf != old_curbuf)
		goto filterend;
#endif
	}

	read_linecount = curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count - read_linecount;

	if (shell_flags & SHELL_READ)
	{
	    curbuf->b_op_start.lnum = line2 + 1;
	    curbuf->b_op_end.lnum = curwin->w_cursor.lnum;
	    appended_lines_mark(line2, read_linecount);
	}

	if (do_in)
	{
	    if (cmdmod.keepmarks || vim_strchr(p_cpo, CPO_REMMARK) == NULL)
	    {
		if (read_linecount >= linecount)
		    /* move all marks from old lines to new lines */
		    mark_adjust(line1, line2, linecount, 0L);
		else
		{
		    /* move marks from old lines to new lines, delete marks
		     * that are in deleted lines */
		    mark_adjust(line1, line1 + read_linecount - 1,
								linecount, 0L);
		    mark_adjust(line1 + read_linecount, line2, MAXLNUM, 0L);
		}
	    }

	    /*
	     * Put cursor on first filtered line for ":range!cmd".
	     * Adjust '[ and '] (set by buf_write()).
	     */
	    curwin->w_cursor.lnum = line1;
	    del_lines(linecount, TRUE);
	    curbuf->b_op_start.lnum -= linecount;	/* adjust '[ */
	    curbuf->b_op_end.lnum -= linecount;		/* adjust '] */
	    write_lnum_adjust(-linecount);		/* adjust last line
							   for next write */
#ifdef FEAT_FOLDING
	    foldUpdate(curwin, curbuf->b_op_start.lnum, curbuf->b_op_end.lnum);
#endif
	}
	else
	{
	    /*
	     * Put cursor on last new line for ":r !cmd".
	     */
	    linecount = curbuf->b_op_end.lnum - curbuf->b_op_start.lnum + 1;
	    curwin->w_cursor.lnum = curbuf->b_op_end.lnum;
	}

	beginline(BL_WHITE | BL_FIX);	    /* cursor on first non-blank */
	--no_wait_return;

	if (linecount > p_report)
	{
	    if (do_in)
	    {
		vim_snprintf((char *)msg_buf, sizeof(msg_buf),
				    _("%ld lines filtered"), (long)linecount);
		if (msg(msg_buf) && !msg_scroll)
		    /* save message to display it after redraw */
		    set_keep_msg(msg_buf, 0);
	    }
	    else
		msgmore((long)linecount);
	}
    }
    else
    {
error:
	/* put cursor back in same position for ":w !cmd" */
	curwin->w_cursor = cursor_save;
	--no_wait_return;
	wait_return(FALSE);
    }

filterend:

#ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
    if (curbuf != old_curbuf)
    {
	--no_wait_return;
	EMSG(_("E135: *Filter* Autocommands must not change current buffer"));
    }
#endif
    if (itmp != NULL)
	mch_remove(itmp);
    if (otmp != NULL)
	mch_remove(otmp);
    vim_free(itmp);
    vim_free(otmp);
}

/*
 * Call a shell to execute a command.
 * When "cmd" is NULL start an interactive shell.
 */
    void
do_shell(cmd, flags)
    char_u	*cmd;
    int		flags;	/* may be SHELL_DOOUT when output is redirected */
{
    buf_T	*buf;
#ifndef FEAT_GUI_MSWIN
    int		save_nwr;
#endif
#ifdef MSWIN
    int		winstart = FALSE;
#endif

    /*
     * Disallow shell commands for "rvim".
     * Disallow shell commands from .exrc and .vimrc in current directory for
     * security reasons.
     */
    if (check_restricted() || check_secure())
    {
	msg_end();
	return;
    }

#ifdef MSWIN
    /*
     * Check if external commands are allowed now.
     */
    if (can_end_termcap_mode(TRUE) == FALSE)
	return;

    /*
     * Check if ":!start" is used.
     */
    if (cmd != NULL)
	winstart = (STRNICMP(cmd, "start ", 6) == 0);
#endif

    /*
     * For autocommands we want to get the output on the current screen, to
     * avoid having to type return below.
     */
    msg_putchar('\r');			/* put cursor at start of line */
#ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
    if (!autocmd_busy)
#endif
    {
#ifdef MSWIN
	if (!winstart)
#endif
	    stoptermcap();
    }
#ifdef MSWIN
    if (!winstart)
#endif
	msg_putchar('\n');		/* may shift screen one line up */

    /* warning message before calling the shell */
    if (p_warn
#ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
		&& !autocmd_busy
#endif
		&& msg_silent == 0)
	for (buf = firstbuf; buf; buf = buf->b_next)
	    if (bufIsChanged(buf))
	    {
#ifdef FEAT_GUI_MSWIN
		if (!winstart)
		    starttermcap();	/* don't want a message box here */
#endif
		MSG_PUTS(_("[No write since last change]\n"));
#ifdef FEAT_GUI_MSWIN
		if (!winstart)
		    stoptermcap();
#endif
		break;
	    }

    /* This windgoto is required for when the '\n' resulted in a "delete line
     * 1" command to the terminal. */
    if (!swapping_screen())
	windgoto(msg_row, msg_col);
    cursor_on();
    (void)call_shell(cmd, SHELL_COOKED | flags);
    did_check_timestamps = FALSE;
    need_check_timestamps = TRUE;

    /*
     * put the message cursor at the end of the screen, avoids wait_return()
     * to overwrite the text that the external command showed
     */
    if (!swapping_screen())
    {
	msg_row = Rows - 1;
	msg_col = 0;
    }

#ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
    if (autocmd_busy)
    {
	if (msg_silent == 0)
	    redraw_later_clear();
    }
    else
#endif
    {
	/*
	 * For ":sh" there is no need to call wait_return(), just redraw.
	 * Also for the Win32 GUI (the output is in a console window).
	 * Otherwise there is probably text on the screen that the user wants
	 * to read before redrawing, so call wait_return().
	 */
#ifndef FEAT_GUI_MSWIN
	if (cmd == NULL
# ifdef WIN3264
		|| (winstart && !need_wait_return)
# endif
	   )
	{
	    if (msg_silent == 0)
		redraw_later_clear();
	    need_wait_return = FALSE;
	}
	else
	{
	    /*
	     * If we switch screens when starttermcap() is called, we really
	     * want to wait for "hit return to continue".
	     */
	    save_nwr = no_wait_return;
	    if (swapping_screen())
		no_wait_return = FALSE;
# ifdef AMIGA
	    wait_return(term_console ? -1 : msg_silent == 0);	/* see below */
# else
	    wait_return(msg_silent == 0);
# endif
	    no_wait_return = save_nwr;
	}
#endif /* FEAT_GUI_W32 */

#ifdef MSWIN
	if (!winstart) /* if winstart==TRUE, never stopped termcap! */
#endif
	    starttermcap();	/* start termcap if not done by wait_return() */

	/*
	 * In an Amiga window redrawing is caused by asking the window size.
	 * If we got an interrupt this will not work. The chance that the
	 * window size is wrong is very small, but we need to redraw the
	 * screen.  Don't do this if ':' hit in wait_return().	THIS IS UGLY
	 * but it saves an extra redraw.
	 */
#ifdef AMIGA
	if (skip_redraw)		/* ':' hit in wait_return() */
	{
	    if (msg_silent == 0)
		redraw_later_clear();
	}
	else if (term_console)
	{
	    OUT_STR(IF_EB("\033[0 q", ESC_STR "[0 q"));	/* get window size */
	    if (got_int && msg_silent == 0)
		redraw_later_clear();	/* if got_int is TRUE, redraw needed */
	    else
		must_redraw = 0;	/* no extra redraw needed */
	}
#endif
    }

    /* display any error messages now */
    display_errors();

#ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
    apply_autocmds(EVENT_SHELLCMDPOST, NULL, NULL, FALSE, curbuf);
#endif
}

/*
 * Create a shell command from a command string, input redirection file and
 * output redirection file.
 * Returns an allocated string with the shell command, or NULL for failure.
 */
    char_u *
make_filter_cmd(cmd, itmp, otmp)
    char_u	*cmd;		/* command */
    char_u	*itmp;		/* NULL or name of input file */
    char_u	*otmp;		/* NULL or name of output file */
{
    char_u	*buf;
    long_u	len;

    len = (long_u)STRLEN(cmd) + 3;			/* "()" + NUL */
    if (itmp != NULL)
	len += (long_u)STRLEN(itmp) + 9;		/* " { < " + " } " */
    if (otmp != NULL)
	len += (long_u)STRLEN(otmp) + (long_u)STRLEN(p_srr) + 2; /* "  " */
    buf = lalloc(len, TRUE);
    if (buf == NULL)
	return NULL;

#if (defined(UNIX) && !defined(ARCHIE)) || defined(OS2)
    /*
     * Put braces around the command (for concatenated commands) when
     * redirecting input and/or output.
     */
    if (itmp != NULL || otmp != NULL)
	sprintf((char *)buf, "(%s)", (char *)cmd);
    else
	STRCPY(buf, cmd);
    if (itmp != NULL)
    {
	STRCAT(buf, " < ");
	STRCAT(buf, itmp);
    }
#else
    /*
     * for shells that don't understand braces around commands, at least allow
     * the use of commands in a pipe.
     */
    STRCPY(buf, cmd);
    if (itmp != NULL)
    {
	char_u	*p;

	/*
	 * If there is a pipe, we have to put the '<' in front of it.
	 * Don't do this when 'shellquote' is not empty, otherwise the
	 * redirection would be inside the quotes.
	 */
	if (*p_shq == NUL)
	{
	    p = vim_strchr(buf, '|');
	    if (p != NULL)
		*p = NUL;
	}
# ifdef RISCOS
	STRCAT(buf, " { < ");	/* Use RISC OS notation for input. */
	STRCAT(buf, itmp);
	STRCAT(buf, " } ");
# else
	STRCAT(buf, " <");	/* " < " causes problems on Amiga */
	STRCAT(buf, itmp);
# endif
	if (*p_shq == NUL)
	{
	    p = vim_strchr(cmd, '|');
	    if (p != NULL)
	    {
		STRCAT(buf, " ");   /* insert a space before the '|' for DOS */
		STRCAT(buf, p);
	    }
	}
    }
#endif
    if (otmp != NULL)
	append_redir(buf, p_srr, otmp);

    return buf;
}

/*
 * Append output redirection for file "fname" to the end of string buffer "buf"
 * Works with the 'shellredir' and 'shellpipe' options.
 * The caller should make sure that there is enough room:
 *	STRLEN(opt) + STRLEN(fname) + 3
 */
    void
append_redir(buf, opt, fname)
    char_u	*buf;
    char_u	*opt;
    char_u	*fname;
{
    char_u	*p;

    buf += STRLEN(buf);
    /* find "%s", skipping "%%" */
    for (p = opt; (p = vim_strchr(p, '%')) != NULL; ++p)
	if (p[1] == 's')
	    break;
    if (p != NULL)
    {
	*buf = ' '; /* not really needed? Not with sh, ksh or bash */
	sprintf((char *)buf + 1, (char *)opt, (char *)fname);
    }
    else
	sprintf((char *)buf,
#ifdef FEAT_QUICKFIX
# ifndef RISCOS
		opt != p_sp ? " %s%s" :
# endif
		" %s %s",
#else
# ifndef RISCOS
		" %s%s",	/* " > %s" causes problems on Amiga */
# else
		" %s %s",	/* But is needed for 'shellpipe' and RISC OS */
# endif
#endif
		(char *)opt, (char *)fname);
}

#ifdef FEAT_VIMINFO

static int no_viminfo __ARGS((void));
static int  viminfo_errcnt;

    static int
no_viminfo()
{
    /* "vim -i NONE" does not read or write a viminfo file */
    return (use_viminfo != NULL && STRCMP(use_viminfo, "NONE") == 0);
}

/*
 * Report an error for reading a viminfo file.
 * Count the number of errors.	When there are more than 10, return TRUE.
 */
    int
viminfo_error(errnum, message, line)
    char    *errnum;
    char    *message;
    char_u  *line;
{
    vim_snprintf((char *)IObuff, IOSIZE, _("%sviminfo: %s in line: "),
							     errnum, message);
    STRNCAT(IObuff, line, IOSIZE - STRLEN(IObuff));
    if (IObuff[STRLEN(IObuff) - 1] == '\n')
	IObuff[STRLEN(IObuff) - 1] = NUL;
    emsg(IObuff);
    if (++viminfo_errcnt >= 10)
    {
	EMSG(_("E136: viminfo: Too many errors, skipping rest of file"));
	return TRUE;
    }
    return FALSE;
}

/*
 * read_viminfo() -- Read the viminfo file.  Registers etc. which are already
 * set are not over-written unless force is TRUE. -- webb
 */
    int
read_viminfo(file, want_info, want_marks, forceit)
    char_u	*file;
    int		want_info;
    int		want_marks;
    int		forceit;
{
    FILE	*fp;
    char_u	*fname;

    if (no_viminfo())
	return FAIL;

    fname = viminfo_filename(file);	    /* may set to default if NULL */
    if (fname == NULL)
	return FAIL;
    fp = mch_fopen((char *)fname, READBIN);

    if (p_verbose > 0)
    {
	verbose_enter();
	smsg((char_u *)_("Reading viminfo file \"%s\"%s%s%s"),
		fname,
		want_info ? _(" info") : "",
		want_marks ? _(" marks") : "",
		fp == NULL ? _(" FAILED") : "");
	verbose_leave();
    }

    vim_free(fname);
    if (fp == NULL)
	return FAIL;

    viminfo_errcnt = 0;
    do_viminfo(fp, NULL, want_info, want_marks, forceit);

    fclose(fp);

    return OK;
}

/*
 * write_viminfo() -- Write the viminfo file.  The old one is read in first so
 * that effectively a merge of current info and old info is done.  This allows
 * multiple vims to run simultaneously, without losing any marks etc.  If
 * forceit is TRUE, then the old file is not read in, and only internal info is
 * written to the file. -- webb
 */
    void
write_viminfo(file, forceit)
    char_u	*file;
    int		forceit;
{
    char_u	*fname;
    FILE	*fp_in = NULL;	/* input viminfo file, if any */
    FILE	*fp_out = NULL;	/* output viminfo file */
    char_u	*tempname = NULL;	/* name of temp viminfo file */
    struct stat	st_new;		/* mch_stat() of potential new file */
    char_u	*wp;
#if defined(UNIX) || defined(VMS)
    mode_t	umask_save;
#endif
#ifdef UNIX
    int		shortname = FALSE;	/* use 8.3 file name */
    struct stat	st_old;		/* mch_stat() of existing viminfo file */
#endif
#ifdef WIN3264
    long	perm = -1;
#endif

    if (no_viminfo())
	return;

    fname = viminfo_filename(file);	/* may set to default if NULL */
    if (fname == NULL)
	return;

    fp_in = mch_fopen((char *)fname, READBIN);
    if (fp_in == NULL)
    {
	/* if it does exist, but we can't read it, don't try writing */
	if (mch_stat((char *)fname, &st_new) == 0)
	    goto end;
#if defined(UNIX) || defined(VMS)
	/*
	 * For Unix we create the .viminfo non-accessible for others,
	 * because it may contain text from non-accessible documents.
	 */
	umask_save = umask(077);
#endif
	fp_out = mch_fopen((char *)fname, WRITEBIN);
#if defined(UNIX) || defined(VMS)
	(void)umask(umask_save);
#endif
    }
    else
    {
	/*
	 * There is an existing viminfo file.  Create a temporary file to
	 * write the new viminfo into, in the same directory as the
	 * existing viminfo file, which will be renamed later.
	 */
#ifdef UNIX
	/*
	 * For Unix we check the owner of the file.  It's not very nice to
	 * overwrite a user's viminfo file after a "su root", with a
	 * viminfo file that the user can't read.
	 */
	st_old.st_dev = st_old.st_ino = 0;
	st_old.st_mode = 0600;
	if (mch_stat((char *)fname, &st_old) == 0
		&& getuid() != ROOT_UID
		&& !(st_old.st_uid == getuid()
			? (st_old.st_mode & 0200)
			: (st_old.st_gid == getgid()
				? (st_old.st_mode & 0020)
				: (st_old.st_mode & 0002))))
	{
	    int	tt = msg_didany;

	    /* avoid a wait_return for this message, it's annoying */
	    EMSG2(_("E137: Viminfo file is not writable: %s"), fname);
	    msg_didany = tt;
	    fclose(fp_in);
	    goto end;
	}
#endif
#ifdef WIN3264
	/* Get the file attributes of the existing viminfo file. */
	perm = mch_getperm(fname);
#endif

	/*
	 * Make tempname.
	 * May try twice: Once normal and once with shortname set, just in
	 * case somebody puts his viminfo file in an 8.3 filesystem.
	 */
	for (;;)
	{
	    tempname = buf_modname(
#ifdef UNIX
				    shortname,
#else
# ifdef SHORT_FNAME
				    TRUE,
# else
#  ifdef FEAT_GUI_W32
				    gui_is_win32s(),
#  else
				    FALSE,
#  endif
# endif
#endif
				    fname,
#ifdef VMS
				    (char_u *)"-tmp",
#else
# ifdef RISCOS
				    (char_u *)"/tmp",
# else
				    (char_u *)".tmp",
# endif
#endif
				    FALSE);
	    if (tempname == NULL)		/* out of memory */
		break;

	    /*
	     * Check if tempfile already exists.  Never overwrite an
	     * existing file!
	     */
	    if (mch_stat((char *)tempname, &st_new) == 0)
	    {
#ifdef UNIX
		/*
		 * Check if tempfile is same as original file.  May happen
		 * when modname() gave the same file back.  E.g.  silly
		 * link, or file name-length reached.  Try again with
		 * shortname set.
		 */
		if (!shortname && st_new.st_dev == st_old.st_dev
					    && st_new.st_ino == st_old.st_ino)
		{
		    vim_free(tempname);
		    tempname = NULL;
		    shortname = TRUE;
		    continue;
		}
#endif
		/*
		 * Try another name.  Change one character, just before
		 * the extension.  This should also work for an 8.3
		 * file name, when after adding the extension it still is
		 * the same file as the original.
		 */
		wp = tempname + STRLEN(tempname) - 5;
		if (wp < gettail(tempname))	    /* empty file name? */
		    wp = gettail(tempname);
		for (*wp = 'z'; mch_stat((char *)tempname, &st_new) == 0;
								    --*wp)
		{
		    /*
		     * They all exist?  Must be something wrong! Don't
		     * write the viminfo file then.
		     */
		    if (*wp == 'a')
		    {
			vim_free(tempname);
			tempname = NULL;
			break;
		    }
		}
	    }
	    break;
	}

	if (tempname != NULL)
	{
#ifdef VMS
	    /* fdopen() fails for some reason */
	    umask_save = umask(077);
	    fp_out = mch_fopen((char *)tempname, WRITEBIN);
	    (void)umask(umask_save);
#else
	    int	fd;

	    /* Use mch_open() to be able to use O_NOFOLLOW and set file
	     * protection:
	     * Unix: same as original file, but strip s-bit.  Reset umask to
	     * avoid it getting in the way.
	     * Others: r&w for user only. */
# ifdef UNIX
	    umask_save = umask(0);
	    fd = mch_open((char *)tempname,
		    O_CREAT|O_EXTRA|O_EXCL|O_WRONLY|O_NOFOLLOW,
				       (int)((st_old.st_mode & 0777) | 0600));
	    (void)umask(umask_save);
# else
	    fd = mch_open((char *)tempname,
			    O_CREAT|O_EXTRA|O_EXCL|O_WRONLY|O_NOFOLLOW, 0600);
# endif
	    if (fd < 0)
		fp_out = NULL;
	    else
		fp_out = fdopen(fd, WRITEBIN);
#endif /* VMS */

	    /*
	     * If we can't create in the same directory, try creating a
	     * "normal" temp file.
	     */
	    if (fp_out == NULL)
	    {
		vim_free(tempname);
		if ((tempname = vim_tempname('o')) != NULL)
		    fp_out = mch_fopen((char *)tempname, WRITEBIN);
	    }

#if defined(UNIX) && defined(HAVE_FCHOWN)
	    /*
	     * Make sure the owner can read/write it.  This only works for
	     * root.
	     */
	    if (fp_out != NULL)
		(void)fchown(fileno(fp_out), st_old.st_uid, st_old.st_gid);
#endif
	}
    }

    /*
     * Check if the new viminfo file can be written to.
     */
    if (fp_out == NULL)
    {
	EMSG2(_("E138: Can't write viminfo file %s!"),
		       (fp_in == NULL || tempname == NULL) ? fname : tempname);
	if (fp_in != NULL)
	    fclose(fp_in);
	goto end;
    }

    if (p_verbose > 0)
    {
	verbose_enter();
	smsg((char_u *)_("Writing viminfo file \"%s\""), fname);
	verbose_leave();
    }

    viminfo_errcnt = 0;
    do_viminfo(fp_in, fp_out, !forceit, !forceit, FALSE);

    fclose(fp_out);	    /* errors are ignored !? */
    if (fp_in != NULL)
    {
	fclose(fp_in);

	/*
	 * In case of an error keep the original viminfo file.
	 * Otherwise rename the newly written file.
	 */
	if (viminfo_errcnt || vim_rename(tempname, fname) == -1)
	    mch_remove(tempname);

#ifdef WIN3264
	/* If the viminfo file was hidden then also hide the new file. */
	if (perm > 0 && (perm & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN))
	    mch_hide(fname);
#endif
    }

end:
    vim_free(fname);
    vim_free(tempname);
}

/*
 * Get the viminfo file name to use.
 * If "file" is given and not empty, use it (has already been expanded by
 * cmdline functions).
 * Otherwise use "-i file_name", value from 'viminfo' or the default, and
 * expand environment variables.
 * Returns an allocated string.  NULL when out of memory.
 */
    static char_u *
viminfo_filename(file)
    char_u	*file;
{
    if (file == NULL || *file == NUL)
    {
	if (use_viminfo != NULL)
	    file = use_viminfo;
	else if ((file = find_viminfo_parameter('n')) == NULL || *file == NUL)
	{
#ifdef VIMINFO_FILE2
	    /* don't use $HOME when not defined (turned into "c:/"!). */
# ifdef VMS
	    if (mch_getenv((char_u *)"SYS$LOGIN") == NULL)
# else
	    if (mch_getenv((char_u *)"HOME") == NULL)
# endif
	    {
		/* don't use $VIM when not available. */
		expand_env((char_u *)"$VIM", NameBuff, MAXPATHL);
		if (STRCMP("$VIM", NameBuff) != 0)  /* $VIM was expanded */
		    file = (char_u *)VIMINFO_FILE2;
		else
		    file = (char_u *)VIMINFO_FILE;
	    }
	    else
#endif
		file = (char_u *)VIMINFO_FILE;
	}
	expand_env(file, NameBuff, MAXPATHL);
	file = NameBuff;
    }
    return vim_strsave(file);
}

/*
 * do_viminfo() -- Should only be called from read_viminfo() & write_viminfo().
 */
    static void
do_viminfo(fp_in, fp_out, want_info, want_marks, force_read)
    FILE	*fp_in;
    FILE	*fp_out;
    int		want_info;
    int		want_marks;
    int		force_read;
{
    int		count = 0;
    int		eof = FALSE;
    vir_T	vir;

    if ((vir.vir_line = alloc(LSIZE)) == NULL)
	return;
    vi…