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/inc/ljmc-db.php

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<?php
/**
 * system DB Class
 *
 * Original code from {@link http://php.justinvincent.com Justin Vincent (justin@visunet.ie)}
 *
 * @package system
 * @subpackage Database
 * @since 0.71
 */

/**
 * @since 0.71
 */
define( 'EZSQL_VERSION', 'LJMC1.25' );

/**
 * @since 0.71
 */
define( 'OBJECT', 'OBJECT' );
define( 'object', 'OBJECT' ); // Back compat.

/**
 * @since 2.5.0
 */
define( 'OBJECT_K', 'OBJECT_K' );

/**
 * @since 0.71
 */
define( 'ARRAY_A', 'ARRAY_A' );

/**
 * @since 0.71
 */
define( 'ARRAY_N', 'ARRAY_N' );

/**
 * system Database Access Abstraction Object
 *
 * It is possible to replace this class with your own
 * by setting the $ljmcdb global variable in data/db.php
 * file to your class. The ljmcdb class will still be included,
 * so you can extend it or simply use your own.
 *
 * @link localhost/Function_Reference/ljmcdb_Class
 *
 * @package system
 * @subpackage Database
 * @since 0.71
 */
class ljmcdb {

	/**
	 * Whether to show SQL/DB errors.
	 *
	 * Default behavior is to show errors if both LJMC_DEBUG and LJMC_DEBUG_DISPLAY
	 * evaluated to true.
	 *
	 * @since 0.71
	 * @access private
	 * @var bool
	 */
	var $show_errors = false;

	/**
	 * Whether to suppress errors during the DB bootstrapping.
	 *
	 * @access private
	 * @since 2.5.0
	 * @var bool
	 */
	var $suppress_errors = false;

	/**
	 * The last error during query.
	 *
	 * @since 2.5.0
	 * @var string
	 */
	public $last_error = '';

	/**
	 * Amount of queries made
	 *
	 * @since 1.2.0
	 * @access private
	 * @var int
	 */
	var $num_queries = 0;

	/**
	 * Count of rows returned by previous query
	 *
	 * @since 0.71
	 * @access private
	 * @var int
	 */
	var $num_rows = 0;

	/**
	 * Count of affected rows by previous query
	 *
	 * @since 0.71
	 * @access private
	 * @var int
	 */
	var $rows_affected = 0;

	/**
	 * The ID generated for an AUTO_INCREMENT column by the previous query (usually INSERT).
	 *
	 * @since 0.71
	 * @access public
	 * @var int
	 */
	var $insert_id = 0;

	/**
	 * Last query made
	 *
	 * @since 0.71
	 * @access private
	 * @var array
	 */
	var $last_query;

	/**
	 * Results of the last query made
	 *
	 * @since 0.71
	 * @access private
	 * @var array|null
	 */
	var $last_result;

	/**
	 * MySQL result, which is either a resource or boolean.
	 *
	 * @since 0.71
	 * @access protected
	 * @var mixed
	 */
	protected $result;

	/**
	 * Cached column info, for sanity checking data before inserting
	 *
	 * @since 4.2.0
	 * @access protected
	 * @var array
	 */
	protected $col_meta = array();

	/**
	 * Calculated character sets on tables
	 *
	 * @since 4.2.0
	 * @access protected
	 * @var array
	 */
	protected $table_charset = array();

	/**
	 * Whether text fields in the current query need to be sanity checked.
	 *
	 * @since 4.2.0
	 * @access protected
	 * @var bool
	 */
	protected $check_current_query = true;

	/**
	 * Flag to ensure we don't run into recursion problems when checking the collation.
	 *
	 * @since 4.2.0
	 * @access private
	 * @see ljmcdb::check_safe_collation()
	 * @var boolean
	 */
	private $checking_collation = false;

	/**
	 * Saved info on the table column
	 *
	 * @since 0.71
	 * @access protected
	 * @var array
	 */
	protected $col_info;

	/**
	 * Saved queries that were executed
	 *
	 * @since 1.5.0
	 * @access private
	 * @var array
	 */
	var $queries;

	/**
	 * The number of times to retry reconnecting before dying.
	 *
	 * @since 3.9.0
	 * @access protected
	 * @see ljmcdb::check_connection()
	 * @var int
	 */
	protected $reconnect_retries = 5;

	/**
	 * system table prefix
	 *
	 * You can set this to have multiple system installations
	 * in a single database. The second reason is for possible
	 * security precautions.
	 *
	 * @since 2.5.0
	 * @access private
	 * @var string
	 */
	var $prefix = '';

	/**
	 * system base table prefix.
	 *
	 * @since 3.0.0
	 * @access public
	 * @var string
	 */
	 public $base_prefix;

	/**
	 * Whether the database queries are ready to start executing.
	 *
	 * @since 2.3.2
	 * @access private
	 * @var bool
	 */
	var $ready = false;

	/**
	 * Blog ID.
	 *
	 * @since 3.0.0
	 * @access public
	 * @var int
	 */
	public $blogid = 0;

	/**
	 * Site ID.
	 *
	 * @since 3.0.0
	 * @access public
	 * @var int
	 */
	public $siteid = 0;

	/**
	 * List of system per-blog tables
	 *
	 * @since 2.5.0
	 * @access private
	 * @see ljmcdb::tables()
	 * @var array
	 */
	var $tables = array( 'posts', 'comments', 'links', 'options', 'postmeta',
		'terms', 'term_taxonomy', 'term_relationships', 'commentmeta' );

	/**
	 * List of deprecated system tables
	 *
	 * categories, post2cat, and link2cat were deprecated in 2.3.0, db version 5539
	 *
	 * @since 2.9.0
	 * @access private
	 * @see ljmcdb::tables()
	 * @var array
	 */
	var $old_tables = array( 'categories', 'post2cat', 'link2cat' );

	/**
	 * List of system global tables
	 *
	 * @since 3.0.0
	 * @access private
	 * @see ljmcdb::tables()
	 * @var array
	 */
	var $global_tables = array( 'users', 'usermeta' );

	/**
	 * List of Multisite global tables
	 *
	 * @since 3.0.0
	 * @access private
	 * @see ljmcdb::tables()
	 * @var array
	 */
	var $ms_global_tables = array( 'blogs', 'signups', 'site', 'sitemeta',
		'sitecategories', 'registration_log', 'blog_versions' );

	/**
	 * system Comments table
	 *
	 * @since 1.5.0
	 * @access public
	 * @var string
	 */
	public $comments;

	/**
	 * system Comment Metadata table
	 *
	 * @since 2.9.0
	 * @access public
	 * @var string
	 */
	public $commentmeta;

	/**
	 * system Links table
	 *
	 * @since 1.5.0
	 * @access public
	 * @var string
	 */
	public $links;

	/**
	 * system Options table
	 *
	 * @since 1.5.0
	 * @access public
	 * @var string
	 */
	public $options;

	/**
	 * system Post Metadata table
	 *
	 * @since 1.5.0
	 * @access public
	 * @var string
	 */
	public $postmeta;

	/**
	 * system Posts table
	 *
	 * @since 1.5.0
	 * @access public
	 * @var string
	 */
	public $posts;

	/**
	 * system Terms table
	 *
	 * @since 2.3.0
	 * @access public
	 * @var string
	 */
	public $terms;

	/**
	 * system Term Relationships table
	 *
	 * @since 2.3.0
	 * @access public
	 * @var string
	 */
	public $term_relationships;

	/**
	 * system Term Taxonomy table
	 *
	 * @since 2.3.0
	 * @access public
	 * @var string
	 */
	public $term_taxonomy;

	/*
	 * Global and Multisite tables
	 */

	/**
	 * system User Metadata table
	 *
	 * @since 2.3.0
	 * @access public
	 * @var string
	 */
	public $usermeta;

	/**
	 * system Users table
	 *
	 * @since 1.5.0
	 * @access public
	 * @var string
	 */
	public $users;

	/**
	 * Multisite Blogs table
	 *
	 * @since 3.0.0
	 * @access public
	 * @var string
	 */
	public $blogs;

	/**
	 * Multisite Blog Versions table
	 *
	 * @since 3.0.0
	 * @access public
	 * @var string
	 */
	public $blog_versions;

	/**
	 * Multisite Registration Log table
	 *
	 * @since 3.0.0
	 * @access public
	 * @var string
	 */
	public $registration_log;

	/**
	 * Multisite Signups table
	 *
	 * @since 3.0.0
	 * @access public
	 * @var string
	 */
	public $signups;

	/**
	 * Multisite Sites table
	 *
	 * @since 3.0.0
	 * @access public
	 * @var string
	 */
	public $site;

	/**
	 * Multisite Sitewide Terms table
	 *
	 * @since 3.0.0
	 * @access public
	 * @var string
	 */
	public $sitecategories;

	/**
	 * Multisite Site Metadata table
	 *
	 * @since 3.0.0
	 * @access public
	 * @var string
	 */
	public $sitemeta;

	/**
	 * Format specifiers for DB columns. Columns not listed here default to %s. Initialized during LJMC load.
	 *
	 * Keys are column names, values are format types: 'ID' => '%d'
	 *
	 * @since 2.8.0
	 * @see ljmcdb::prepare()
	 * @see ljmcdb::insert()
	 * @see ljmcdb::update()
	 * @see ljmcdb::delete()
	 * @see ljmc_set_ljmcdb_vars()
	 * @access public
	 * @var array
	 */
	public $field_types = array();

	/**
	 * Database table columns charset
	 *
	 * @since 2.2.0
	 * @access public
	 * @var string
	 */
	public $charset;

	/**
	 * Database table columns collate
	 *
	 * @since 2.2.0
	 * @access public
	 * @var string
	 */
	public $collate;

	/**
	 * Database Username
	 *
	 * @since 2.9.0
	 * @access protected
	 * @var string
	 */
	protected $dbuser;

	/**
	 * Database Password
	 *
	 * @since 3.1.0
	 * @access protected
	 * @var string
	 */
	protected $dbpassword;

	/**
	 * Database Name
	 *
	 * @since 3.1.0
	 * @access protected
	 * @var string
	 */
	protected $dbname;

	/**
	 * Database Host
	 *
	 * @since 3.1.0
	 * @access protected
	 * @var string
	 */
	protected $dbhost;

	/**
	 * Database Handle
	 *
	 * @since 0.71
	 * @access protected
	 * @var string
	 */
	protected $dbh;

	/**
	 * A textual description of the last query/get_row/get_var call
	 *
	 * @since 3.0.0
	 * @access public
	 * @var string
	 */
	public $func_call;

	/**
	 * Whether MySQL is used as the database engine.
	 *
	 * Set in LJMCDB::db_connect() to true, by default. This is used when checking
	 * against the required MySQL version for system. Normally, a replacement
	 * database drop-in (db.php) will skip these checks, but setting this to true
	 * will force the checks to occur.
	 *
	 * @since 3.3.0
	 * @access public
	 * @var bool
	 */
	public $is_mysql = null;

	/**
	 * A list of incompatible SQL modes.
	 *
	 * @since 3.9.0
	 * @access protected
	 * @var array
	 */
	protected $incompatible_modes = array( 'NO_ZERO_DATE', 'ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY',
		'STRICT_TRANS_TABLES', 'STRICT_ALL_TABLES', 'TRADITIONAL' );

	/**
	 * Whether to use mysqli over mysql.
	 *
	 * @since 3.9.0
	 * @access private
	 * @var bool
	 */
	private $use_mysqli = false;

	/**
	 * Whether we've managed to successfully connect at some point
	 *
	 * @since 3.9.0
	 * @access private
	 * @var bool
	 */
	private $has_connected = false;

	/**
	 * Connects to the database server and selects a database
	 *
	 * PHP5 style constructor for compatibility with PHP5. Does
	 * the actual setting up of the class properties and connection
	 * to the database.
	 *
	 * @link https://core.trac.localhost/ticket/3354
	 * @since 2.0.8
	 *
	 * @param string $dbuser MySQL database user
	 * @param string $dbpassword MySQL database password
	 * @param string $dbname MySQL database name
	 * @param string $dbhost MySQL database host
	 */
	public function __construct( $dbuser, $dbpassword, $dbname, $dbhost ) {
		register_shutdown_function( array( $this, '__destruct' ) );

		if ( LJMC_DEBUG && LJMC_DEBUG_DISPLAY )
			$this->show_errors();

		/* Use ext/mysqli if it exists and:
		 *  - LJMC_USE_EXT_MYSQL is defined as false, or
		 *  - We are a development version of system, or
		 *  - We are running PHP 5.5 or greater, or
		 *  - ext/mysql is not loaded.
		 */
		if ( function_exists( 'mysqli_connect' ) ) {
			if ( defined( 'LJMC_USE_EXT_MYSQL' ) ) {
				$this->use_mysqli = ! LJMC_USE_EXT_MYSQL;
			} elseif ( version_compare( phpversion(), '5.5', '>=' ) || ! function_exists( 'mysql_connect' ) ) {
				$this->use_mysqli = true;
			} elseif ( false !== strpos( $GLOBALS['ljmc_version'], '-' ) ) {
				$this->use_mysqli = true;
			}
		}

		$this->dbuser = $dbuser;
		$this->dbpassword = $dbpassword;
		$this->dbname = $dbname;
		$this->dbhost = $dbhost;

		// configuration.php creation will manually connect when ready.
		if ( defined( 'LJMC_SETUP_CONFIG' ) ) {
			return;
		}

		$this->db_connect();
	}

	/**
	 * PHP5 style destructor and will run when database object is destroyed.
	 *
	 * @see ljmcdb::__construct()
	 * @since 2.0.8
	 * @return bool true
	 */
	public function __destruct() {
		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * PHP5 style magic getter, used to lazy-load expensive data.
	 *
	 * @since 3.5.0
	 *
	 * @param string $name The private member to get, and optionally process
	 * @return mixed The private member
	 */
	public function __get( $name ) {
		if ( 'col_info' === $name )
			$this->load_col_info();

		return $this->$name;
	}

	/**
	 * Magic function, for backwards compatibility.
	 *
	 * @since 3.5.0
	 *
	 * @param string $name  The private member to set
	 * @param mixed  $value The value to set
	 */
	public function __set( $name, $value ) {
		$protected_members = array(
			'col_meta',
			'table_charset',
			'check_current_query',
		);
		if (  in_array( $name, $protected_members, true ) ) {
			return;
		}
		$this->$name = $value;
	}

	/**
	 * Magic function, for backwards compatibility.
	 *
	 * @since 3.5.0
	 *
	 * @param string $name  The private member to check
	 *
	 * @return bool If the member is set or not
	 */
	public function __isset( $name ) {
		return isset( $this->$name );
	}

	/**
	 * Magic function, for backwards compatibility.
	 *
	 * @since 3.5.0
	 *
	 * @param string $name  The private member to unset
	 */
	public function __unset( $name ) {
		unset( $this->$name );
	}

	/**
	 * Set $this->charset and $this->collate
	 *
	 * @since 3.1.0
	 */
	public function init_charset() {
		if ( function_exists('is_multisite') && is_multisite() ) {
			$this->charset = 'utf8';
			if ( defined( 'DB_COLLATE' ) && DB_COLLATE ) {
				$this->collate = DB_COLLATE;
			} else {
				$this->collate = 'utf8_general_ci';
			}
		} elseif ( defined( 'DB_COLLATE' ) ) {
			$this->collate = DB_COLLATE;
		}

		if ( defined( 'DB_CHARSET' ) ) {
			$this->charset = DB_CHARSET;
		}

		if ( ( $this->use_mysqli && ! ( $this->dbh instanceof mysqli ) ) || empty( $this->dbh ) ) {
			return;
		}

		if ( 'utf8' === $this->charset && $this->has_cap( 'utf8mb4' ) ) {
			$this->charset = 'utf8mb4';
		}

		if ( 'utf8mb4' === $this->charset && ( ! $this->collate || stripos( $this->collate, 'utf8_' ) === 0 ) ) {
			$this->collate = 'utf8mb4_unicode_ci';
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Sets the connection's character set.
	 *
	 * @since 3.1.0
	 *
	 * @param resource $dbh     The resource given by mysql_connect
	 * @param string   $charset Optional. The character set. Default null.
	 * @param string   $collate Optional. The collation. Default null.
	 */
	public function set_charset( $dbh, $charset = null, $collate = null ) {
		if ( ! isset( $charset ) )
			$charset = $this->charset;
		if ( ! isset( $collate ) )
			$collate = $this->collate;
		if ( $this->has_cap( 'collation' ) && ! empty( $charset ) ) {
			if ( $this->use_mysqli ) {
				if ( function_exists( 'mysqli_set_charset' ) && $this->has_cap( 'set_charset' ) ) {
					mysqli_set_charset( $dbh, $charset );
				} else {
					$query = $this->prepare( 'SET NAMES %s', $charset );
					if ( ! empty( $collate ) )
						$query .= $this->prepare( ' COLLATE %s', $collate );
					mysqli_query( $dbh, $query );
				}
			} else {
				if ( function_exists( 'mysql_set_charset' ) && $this->has_cap( 'set_charset' ) ) {
					mysql_set_charset( $charset, $dbh );
				} else {
					$query = $this->prepare( 'SET NAMES %s', $charset );
					if ( ! empty( $collate ) )
						$query .= $this->prepare( ' COLLATE %s', $collate );
					mysql_query( $query, $dbh );
				}
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Change the current SQL mode, and ensure its system compatibility.
	 *
	 * If no modes are passed, it will ensure the current MySQL server
	 * modes are compatible.
	 *
	 * @since 3.9.0
	 *
	 * @param array $modes Optional. A list of SQL modes to set.
	 */
	public function set_sql_mode( $modes = array() ) {
		if ( empty( $modes ) ) {
			if ( $this->use_mysqli ) {
				$res = mysqli_query( $this->dbh, 'SELECT @@SESSION.sql_mode' );
			} else {
				$res = mysql_query( 'SELECT @@SESSION.sql_mode', $this->dbh );
			}

			if ( empty( $res ) ) {
				return;
			}

			if ( $this->use_mysqli ) {
				$modes_array = mysqli_fetch_array( $res );
				if ( empty( $modes_array[0] ) ) {
					return;
				}
				$modes_str = $modes_array[0];
			} else {
				$modes_str = mysql_result( $res, 0 );
			}

			if ( empty( $modes_str ) ) {
				return;
			}

			$modes = explode( ',', $modes_str );
		}

		$modes = array_change_key_case( $modes, CASE_UPPER );

		/**
		 * Filter the list of incompatible SQL modes to exclude.
		 *
		 * @since 3.9.0
		 *
		 * @param array $incompatible_modes An array of incompatible modes.
		 */
		$incompatible_modes = (array) apply_filters( 'incompatible_sql_modes', $this->incompatible_modes );

		foreach( $modes as $i => $mode ) {
			if ( in_array( $mode, $incompatible_modes ) ) {
				unset( $modes[ $i ] );
			}
		}

		$modes_str = implode( ',', $modes );

		if ( $this->use_mysqli ) {
			mysqli_query( $this->dbh, "SET SESSION sql_mode='$modes_str'" );
		} else {
			mysql_query( "SET SESSION sql_mode='$modes_str'", $this->dbh );
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Sets the table prefix for the system tables.
	 *
	 * @since 2.5.0
	 *
	 * @param string $prefix Alphanumeric name for the new prefix.
	 * @param bool $set_table_names Optional. Whether the table names, e.g. ljmcdb::$posts, should be updated or not.
	 * @return string|LJMC_Error Old prefix or LJMC_Error on error
	 */
	public function set_prefix( $prefix, $set_table_names = true ) {

		if ( preg_match( '|[^a-z0-9_]|i', $prefix ) )
			return new LJMC_Error('invalid_db_prefix', 'Invalid database prefix' );

		$old_prefix = is_multisite() ? '' : $prefix;

		if ( isset( $this->base_prefix ) )
			$old_prefix = $this->base_prefix;

		$this->base_prefix = $prefix;

		if ( $set_table_names ) {
			foreach ( $this->tables( 'global' ) as $table => $prefixed_table )
				$this->$table = $prefixed_table;

			if ( is_multisite() && empty( $this->blogid ) )
				return $old_prefix;

			$this->prefix = $this->get_blog_prefix();

			foreach ( $this->tables( 'blog' ) as $table => $prefixed_table )
				$this->$table = $prefixed_table;

			foreach ( $this->tables( 'old' ) as $table => $prefixed_table )
				$this->$table = $prefixed_table;
		}
		return $old_prefix;
	}

	/**
	 * Sets blog id.
	 *
	 * @since 3.0.0
	 * @access public
	 * @param int $blog_id
	 * @param int $site_id Optional.
	 * @return int previous blog id
	 */
	public function set_blog_id( $blog_id, $site_id = 0 ) {
		if ( ! empty( $site_id ) )
			$this->siteid = $site_id;

		$old_blog_id  = $this->blogid;
		$this->blogid = $blog_id;

		$this->prefix = $this->get_blog_prefix();

		foreach ( $this->tables( 'blog' ) as $table => $prefixed_table )
			$this->$table = $prefixed_table;

		foreach ( $this->tables( 'old' ) as $table => $prefixed_table )
			$this->$table = $prefixed_table;

		return $old_blog_id;
	}

	/**
	 * Gets blog prefix.
	 *
	 * @since 3.0.0
	 * @param int $blog_id Optional.
	 * @return string Blog prefix.
	 */
	public function get_blog_prefix( $blog_id = null ) {
		if ( is_multisite() ) {
			if ( null === $blog_id )
				$blog_id = $this->blogid;
			$blog_id = (int) $blog_id;
			if ( defined( 'MULTISITE' ) && ( 0 == $blog_id || 1 == $blog_id ) )
				return $this->base_prefix;
			else
				return $this->base_prefix . $blog_id . '_';
		} else {
			return $this->base_prefix;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Returns an array of system tables.
	 *
	 * Also allows for the CUSTOM_USER_TABLE and CUSTOM_USER_META_TABLE to
	 * override the system users and usermeta tables that would otherwise
	 * be determined by the prefix.
	 *
	 * The scope argument can take one of the following:
	 *
	 * 'all' - returns 'all' and 'global' tables. No old tables are returned.
	 * 'blog' - returns the blog-level tables for the queried blog.
	 * 'global' - returns the global tables for the installation, returning multisite tables only if running multisite.
	 * 'ms_global' - returns the multisite global tables, regardless if current installation is multisite.
	 * 'old' - returns tables which are deprecated.
	 *
	 * @since 3.0.0
	 * @uses ljmcdb::$tables
	 * @uses ljmcdb::$old_tables
	 * @uses ljmcdb::$global_tables
	 * @uses ljmcdb::$ms_global_tables
	 *
	 * @param string $scope Optional. Can be all, global, ms_global, blog, or old tables. Defaults to all.
	 * @param bool $prefix Optional. Whether to include table prefixes. Default true. If blog
	 * 	prefix is requested, then the custom users and usermeta tables will be mapped.
	 * @param int $blog_id Optional. The blog_id to prefix. Defaults to ljmcdb::$blogid. Used only when prefix is requested.
	 * @return array Table names. When a prefix is requested, the key is the unprefixed table name.
	 */
	public function tables( $scope = 'all', $prefix = true, $blog_id = 0 ) {
		switch ( $scope ) {
			case 'all' :
				$tables = array_merge( $this->global_tables, $this->tables );
				if ( is_multisite() )
					$tables = array_merge( $tables, $this->ms_global_tables );
				break;
			case 'blog' :
				$tables = $this->tables;
				break;
			case 'global' :
				$tables = $this->global_tables;
				if ( is_multisite() )
					$tables = array_merge( $tables, $this->ms_global_tables );
				break;
			case 'ms_global' :
				$tables = $this->ms_global_tables;
				break;
			case 'old' :
				$tables = $this->old_tables;
				break;
			default :
				return array();
		}

		if ( $prefix ) {
			if ( ! $blog_id )
				$blog_id = $this->blogid;
			$blog_prefix = $this->get_blog_prefix( $blog_id );
			$base_prefix = $this->base_prefix;
			$global_tables = array_merge( $this->global_tables, $this->ms_global_tables );
			foreach ( $tables as $k => $table ) {
				if ( in_array( $table, $global_tables ) )
					$tables[ $table ] = $base_prefix . $table;
				else
					$tables[ $table ] = $blog_prefix . $table;
				unset( $tables[ $k ] );
			}

			if ( isset( $tables['users'] ) && defined( 'CUSTOM_USER_TABLE' ) )
				$tables['users'] = CUSTOM_USER_TABLE;

			if ( isset( $tables['usermeta'] ) && defined( 'CUSTOM_USER_META_TABLE' ) )
				$tables['usermeta'] = CUSTOM_USER_META_TABLE;
		}

		return $tables;
	}

	/**
	 * Selects a database using the current database connection.
	 *
	 * The database name will be changed based on the current database
	 * connection. On failure, the execution will bail and display an DB error.
	 *
	 * @since 0.71
	 *
	 * @param string $db MySQL database name
	 * @param resource $dbh Optional link identifier.
	 * @return null Always null.
	 */
	public function select( $db, $dbh = null ) {
		if ( is_null($dbh) )
			$dbh = $this->dbh;

		if ( $this->use_mysqli ) {
			$success = @mysqli_select_db( $dbh, $db );
		} else {
			$success = @mysql_select_db( $db, $dbh );
		}
		if ( ! $success ) {
			$this->ready = false;
			if ( ! did_action( 'template_redirect' ) ) {
				ljmc_load_translations_early();
				$this->bail( sprintf( __( '<h1>Can&#8217;t select database</h1>
<p>We were able to connect to the database server (which means your username and password is okay) but not able to select the <code>%1$s</code> database.</p>
<ul>
<li>Are you sure it exists?</li>
<li>Does the user <code>%2$s</code> have permission to use the <code>%1$s</code> database?</li>
<li>On some systems the name of your database is prefixed with your username, so it would be like <code>username_%1$s</code>. Could that be the problem?</li>
</ul>
<p>If you don\'t know how to set up a database you should <strong>contact your host</strong>. If all else fails you may find help at the <a href="localhost/support/">system Support Forums</a>.</p>' ), htmlspecialchars( $db, ENT_QUOTES ), htmlspecialchars( $this->dbuser, ENT_QUOTES ) ), 'db_select_fail' );
			}
			return;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Do not use, deprecated.
	 *
	 * Use esc_sql() or ljmcdb::prepare() instead.
	 *
	 * @since 2.8.0
	 * @deprecated 3.6.0
	 * @see ljmcdb::prepare
	 * @see esc_sql()
	 * @access private
	 *
	 * @param string $string
	 * @return string
	 */
	function _weak_escape( $string ) {
		if ( func_num_args() === 1 && function_exists( '_deprecated_function' ) )
			_deprecated_function( __METHOD__, '3.6', 'ljmcdb::prepare() or esc_sql()' );
		return addslashes( $string );
	}

	/**
	 * Real escape, using mysqli_real_escape_string() or mysql_real_escape_string()
	 *
	 * @see mysqli_real_escape_string()
	 * @see mysql_real_escape_string()
	 * @since 2.8.0
	 * @access private
	 *
	 * @param  string $string to escape
	 * @return string escaped
	 */
	function _real_escape( $string ) {
		if ( $this->dbh ) {
			if ( $this->use_mysqli ) {
				return mysqli_real_escape_string( $this->dbh, $string );
			} else {
				return mysql_real_escape_string( $string, $this->dbh );
			}
		}

		$class = get_class( $this );
		if ( function_exists( '__' ) ) {
			_doing_it_wrong( $class, sprintf( __( '%s must set a database connection for use with escaping.' ), $class ), E_USER_NOTICE );
		} else {
			_doing_it_wrong( $class, sprintf( '%s must set a database connection for use with escaping.', $class ), E_USER_NOTICE );
		}
		return addslashes( $string );
	}

	/**
	 * Escape data. Works on arrays.
	 *
	 * @uses ljmcdb::_real_escape()
	 * @since  2.8.0
	 * @access private
	 *
	 * @param  string|array $data
	 * @return string|array escaped
	 */
	function _escape( $data ) {
		if ( is_array( $data ) ) {
			foreach ( $data as $k => $v ) {
				if ( is_array($v) )
					$data[$k] = $this->_escape( $v );
				else
					$data[$k] = $this->_real_escape( $v );
			}
		} else {
			$data = $this->_real_escape( $data );
		}

		return $data;
	}

	/**
	 * Do not use, deprecated.
	 *
	 * Use esc_sql() or ljmcdb::prepare() instead.
	 *
	 * @since 0.71
	 * @deprecated 3.6.0
	 * @see ljmcdb::prepare()
	 * @see esc_sql()
	 *
	 * @param mixed $data
	 * @return mixed
	 */
	public function escape( $data ) {
		if ( func_num_args() === 1 && function_exists( '_deprecated_function' ) )
			_deprecated_function( __METHOD__, '3.6', 'ljmcdb::prepare() or esc_sql()' );
		if ( is_array( $data ) ) {
			foreach ( $data as $k => $v ) {
				if ( is_array( $v ) )
					$data[$k] = $this->escape( $v, 'recursive' );
				else
					$data[$k] = $this->_weak_escape( $v, 'internal' );
			}
		} else {
			$data = $this->_weak_escape( $data, 'internal' );
		}

		return $data;
	}

	/**
	 * Escapes content by reference for insertion into the database, for security
	 *
	 * @uses ljmcdb::_real_escape()
	 * @since 2.3.0
	 * @param string $string to escape
	 * @return void
	 */
	public function escape_by_ref( &$string ) {
		if ( ! is_float( $string ) )
			$string = $this->_real_escape( $string );
	}

	/**
	 * Prepares a SQL query for safe execution. Uses sprintf()-like syntax.
	 *
	 * The following directives can be used in the query format string:
	 *   %d (integer)
	 *   %f (float)
	 *   %s (string)
	 *   %% (literal percentage sign - no argument needed)
	 *
	 * All of %d, %f, and %s are to be left unquoted in the query string and they need an argument passed for them.
	 * Literals (%) as parts of the query must be properly written as %%.
	 *
	 * This function only supports a small subset of the sprintf syntax; it only supports %d (integer), %f (float), and %s (string).
	 * Does not support sign, padding, alignment, width or precision specifiers.
	 * Does not support argument numbering/swapping.
	 *
	 * May be called like {@link http://php.net/sprintf sprintf()} or like {@link http://php.net/vsprintf vsprintf()}.
	 *
	 * Both %d and %s should be left unquoted in the query string.
	 *
	 *     ljmcdb::prepare( "SELECT * FROM `table` WHERE `column` = %s AND `field` = %d", 'foo', 1337 )
	 *     ljmcdb::prepare( "SELECT DATE_FORMAT(`field`, '%%c') FROM `table` WHERE `column` = %s", 'foo' );
	 *
	 * @link http://php.net/sprintf Description of syntax.
	 * @since 2.3.0
	 *
	 * @param string $query Query statement with sprintf()-like placeholders
	 * @param array|mixed $args The array of variables to substitute into the query's placeholders if being called like
	 * 	{@link http://php.net/vsprintf vsprintf()}, or the first variable to substitute into the query's placeholders if
	 * 	being called like {@link http://php.net/sprintf sprintf()}.
	 * @param mixed $args,... further variables to substitute into the query's placeholders if being called like
	 * 	{@link http://php.net/sprintf sprintf()}.
	 * @return null|false|string Sanitized query string, null if there is no query, false if there is an error and string
	 * 	if there was something to prepare
	 */
	public function prepare( $query, $args ) {
		if ( is_null( $query ) )
			return;

		// This is not meant to be foolproof -- but it will catch obviously incorrect usage.
		if ( strpos( $query, '%' ) === false ) {
			_doing_it_wrong( 'ljmcdb::prepare', sprintf( __( 'The query argument of %s must have a placeholder.' ), 'ljmcdb::prepare()' ), '3.9' );
		}

		$args = func_get_args();
		array_shift( $args );
		// If args were passed as an array (as in vsprintf), move them up
		if ( isset( $args[0] ) && is_array($args[0]) )
			$args = $args[0];
		$query = str_replace( "'%s'", '%s', $query ); // in case someone mistakenly already singlequoted it
		$query = str_replace( '"%s"', '%s', $query ); // doublequote unquoting
		$query = preg_replace( '|(?<!%)%f|' , '%F', $query ); // Force floats to be locale unaware
		$query = preg_replace( '|(?<!%)%s|', "'%s'", $query ); // quote the strings, avoiding escaped strings like %%s
		array_walk( $args, array( $this, 'escape_by_ref' ) );
		return @vsprintf( $query, $args );
	}

	/**
	 * First half of escaping for LIKE special characters % and _ before preparing for MySQL.
	 *
	 * Use this only before ljmcdb::prepare() or esc_sql().  Reversing the order is very bad for security.
	 *
	 * Example Prepared Statement:
	 *  $wild = '%';
	 *  $find = 'only 43% of planets';
	 *  $like = $wild . $ljmcdb->esc_like( $find ) . $wild;
	 *  $sql  = $ljmcdb->prepare( "SELECT * FROM $ljmcdb->posts WHERE post_content LIKE %s", $like );
	 *
	 * Example Escape Chain:
	 *  $sql  = esc_sql( $ljmcdb->esc_like( $input ) );
	 *
	 * @since 4.0.0
	 * @access public
	 *
	 * @param string $text The raw text to be escaped. The input typed by the user should have no
	 *                     extra or deleted slashes.
	 * @return string Text in the form of a LIKE phrase. The output is not SQL safe. Call $ljmcdb::prepare()
	 *                or real_escape next.
	 */
	public function esc_like( $text ) {
		return addcslashes( $text, '_%\\' );
	}

	/**
	 * Print SQL/DB error.
	 *
	 * @since 0.71
	 * @global array $EZSQL_ERROR Stores error information of query and error string
	 *
	 * @param string $str The error to display
	 * @return false|null False if the showing of errors is disabled.
	 */
	public function print_error( $str = '' ) {
		global $EZSQL_ERROR;

		if ( !$str ) {
			if ( $this->use_mysqli ) {
				$str = mysqli_error( $this->dbh );
			} else {
				$str = mysql_error( $this->dbh );
			}
		}
		$EZSQL_ERROR[] = array( 'query' => $this->last_query, 'error_str' => $str );

		if ( $this->suppress_errors )
			return false;

		ljmc_load_translations_early();

		if ( $caller = $this->get_caller() )
			$error_str = sprintf( __( 'system database error %1$s for query %2$s made by %3$s' ), $str, $this->last_query, $caller );
		else
			$error_str = sprintf( __( 'system database error %1$s for query %2$s' ), $str, $this->last_query );

		error_log( $error_str );

		// Are we showing errors?
		if ( ! $this->show_errors )
			return false;

		// If there is an error then take note of it
		if ( is_multisite() ) {
			$msg = "system database error: [$str]\n{$this->last_query}\n";
			if ( defined( 'ERRORLOGFILE' ) )
				error_log( $msg, 3, ERRORLOGFILE );
			if ( defined( 'DIEONDBERROR' ) )
				ljmc_die( $msg );
		} else {
			$str   = htmlspecialchars( $str, ENT_QUOTES );
			$query = htmlspecialchars( $this->last_query, ENT_QUOTES );

			print "<div id='error'>
			<p class='ljmcdberror'><strong>System database error:</strong> [$str]<br />
			<code>$query</code></p>
			</div>";
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Enables showing of database errors.
	 *
	 * This function should be used only to enable showing of errors.
	 * ljmcdb::hide_errors() should be used instead for hiding of errors. However,
	 * this function can be used to enable and disable showing of database
	 * errors.
	 *
	 * @since 0.71
	 * @see ljmcdb::hide_errors()
	 *
	 * @param bool $show Whether to show or hide errors
	 * @return bool Old value for showing errors.
	 */
	public function show_errors( $show = true ) {
		$errors = $this->show_errors;
		$this->show_errors = $show;
		return $errors;
	}

	/**
	 * Disables showing of database errors.
	 *
	 * By default database errors are not shown.
	 *
	 * @since 0.71
	 * @see ljmcdb::show_errors()
	 *
	 * @return bool Whether showing of errors was active
	 */
	public function hide_errors() {
		$show = $this->show_errors;
		$this->show_errors = false;
		return $show;
	}

	/**
	 * Whether to suppress database errors.
	 *
	 * By default database errors are suppressed, with a simple
	 * call to this function they can be enabled.
	 *
	 * @since 2.5.0
	 * @see ljmcdb::hide_errors()
	 * @param bool $suppress Optional. New value. Defaults to true.
	 * @return bool Old value
	 */
	public function suppress_errors( $suppress = true ) {
		$errors = $this->suppress_errors;
		$this->suppress_errors = (bool) $suppress;
		return $errors;
	}

	/**
	 * Kill cached query results.
	 *
	 * @since 0.71
	 * @return void
	 */
	public function flush() {
		$this->last_result = array();
		$this->col_info    = null;
		$this->last_query  = null;
		$this->rows_affected = $this->num_rows = 0;
		$this->last_error  = '';

		if ( $this->use_mysqli && $this->result instanceof mysqli_result ) {
			mysqli_free_result( $this->result );
			$this->result = null;

			// Sanity check before using the handle
			if ( empty( $this->dbh ) || !( $this->dbh instanceof mysqli ) ) {
				return;
			}

			// Clear out any results from a multi-query
			while ( mysqli_more_results( $this->dbh ) ) {
				mysqli_next_result( $this->dbh );
			}
		} elseif ( is_resource( $this->result ) ) {
			mysql_free_result( $this->result );
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Connect to and select database.
	 *
	 * If $allow_bail is false, the lack of database connection will need
	 * to be handled manually.
	 *
	 * @since 3.0.0
	 * @since 3.9.0 $allow_bail parameter added.
	 *
	 * @param bool $allow_bail Optional. Allows the function to bail. Default true.
	 * @return null|bool True with a successful connection, false on failure.
	 */
	public function db_connect( $allow_bail = true ) {

		$this->is_mysql = true;

		/*
		 * Deprecated in 3.9+ when using MySQLi. No equivalent
		 * $new_link parameter exists for mysqli_* functions.
		 */
		$new_link = defined( 'MYSQL_NEW_LINK' ) ? MYSQL_NEW_LINK : true;
		$client_flags = defined( 'MYSQL_CLIENT_FLAGS' ) ? MYSQL_CLIENT_FLAGS : 0;

		if ( $this->use_mysqli ) {
			$this->dbh = mysqli_init();

			// mysqli_real_connect doesn't support the host param including a port or socket
			// like mysql_connect does. This duplicates how mysql_connect detects a port and/or socket file.
			$port = null;
			$socket = null;
			$host = $this->dbhost;
			$port_or_socket = strstr( $host, ':' );
			if ( ! empty( $port_or_socket ) ) {
				$host = substr( $host, 0, strpos( $host, ':' ) );
				$port_or_socket = substr( $port_or_socket, 1 );
				if ( 0 !== strpos( $port_or_socket, '/' ) ) {
					$port = intval( $port_or_socket );
					$maybe_socket = strstr( $port_or_socket, ':' );
					if ( ! empty( $maybe_socket ) ) {
						$socket = substr( $maybe_socket, 1 );
					}
				} else {
					$socket = $port_or_socket;
				}
			}

			if ( LJMC_DEBUG ) {
				mysqli_real_connect( $this->dbh, $host, $this->dbuser, $this->dbpassword, null, $port, $socket, $client_flags );
			} else {
				@mysqli_real_connect( $this->dbh, $host, $this->dbuser, $this->dbpassword, null, $port, $socket, $client_flags );
			}

			if ( $this->dbh->connect_errno ) {
				$this->dbh = null;

				/* It's possible ext/mysqli is misconfigured. Fall back to ext/mysql if:
		 		 *  - We haven't previously connected, and
		 		 *  - LJMC_USE_EXT_MYSQL isn't set to false, and
		 		 *  - ext/mysql is loaded.
		 		 */
				$attempt_fallback = true;

				if ( $this->has_connected ) {
					$attempt_fallback = false;
				} elseif ( defined( 'LJMC_USE_EXT_MYSQL' ) && ! LJMC_USE_EXT_MYSQL ) {
					$attempt_fallback = false;
				} elseif ( ! function_exists( 'mysql_connect' ) ) {
					$attempt_fallback = false;
				}

				if ( $attempt_fallback ) {
					$this->use_mysqli = false;
					$this->db_connect();
				}
			}
		} else {
			if ( LJMC_DEBUG ) {
				$this->dbh = mysql_connect( $this->dbhost, $this->dbuser, $this->dbpassword, $new_link, $client_flags );
			} else {
				$this->dbh = @mysql_connect( $this->dbhost, $this->dbuser, $this->dbpassword, $new_link, $client_flags );
			}
		}

		if ( ! $this->dbh && $allow_bail ) {
			ljmc_load_translations_early();

			// Load custom DB error template, if present.
			if ( file_exists( LJMC_CONTENT_DIR . '/db-error.php' ) ) {
				require_once( LJMC_CONTENT_DIR . '/db-error.php' );
				die();
			}

			$this->bail( sprintf( __( "
<h1>Error establishing a database connection</h1>
<p>This either means that the username and password information in your <code>configuration.php</code> file is incorrect or we can't contact the database server at <code>%s</code>. This could mean your host's database server is down.</p>
<ul>
	<li>Are you sure you have the correct username and password?</li>
	<li>Are you sure that you have typed the correct hostname?</li>
	<li>Are you sure that the database server is running?</li>
</ul>
<p>If you're unsure what these terms mean you should probably contact your host. If you still need help you can always visit the <a href='localhost/support/'>system Support Forums</a>.</p>
" ), htmlspecialchars( $this->dbhost, ENT_QUOTES ) ), 'db_connect_fail' );

			return false;
		} elseif ( $this->dbh ) {
			if ( ! $this->has_connected ) {
				$this->init_charset();
			}

			$this->has_connected = true;

			$this->set_charset( $this->dbh );

			$this->ready = true;
			$this->set_sql_mode();
			$this->select( $this->dbname, $this->dbh );

			return true;
		}

		return false;
	}

	/**
	 * Check that the connection to the database is still up. If not, try to reconnect.
	 *
	 * If this function is unable to reconnect, it will forcibly die, or if after the
	 * the template_redirect hook has been fired, return false instead.
	 *
	 * If $allow_bail is false, the lack of database connection will need
	 * to be handled manually.
	 *
	 * @since 3.9.0
	 *
	 * @param bool $allow_bail Optional. Allows the function to bail. Default true.
	 * @return bool|null True if the connection is up.
	 */
	public function check_connection( $allow_bail = true ) {
		if ( $this->use_mysqli ) {
			if ( @mysqli_ping( $this->dbh ) ) {
				return true;
			}
		} else {
			if ( @mysql_ping( $this->dbh ) ) {
				return true;
			}
		}

		$error_reporting = false;

		// Disable warnings, as we don't want to see a multitude of "unable to connect" messages
		if ( LJMC_DEBUG ) {
			$error_reporting = error_reporting();
			error_reporting( $error_reporting & ~E_WARNING );
		}

		for ( $tries = 1; $tries <= $this->reconnect_retries; $tries++ ) {
			// On the last try, re-enable warnings. We want to see a single instance of the
			// "unable to connect" message on the bail() screen, if it appears.
			if ( $this->reconnect_retries === $tries && LJMC_DEBUG ) {
				error_reporting( $error_reporting );
			}

			if ( $this->db_connect( false ) ) {
				if ( $error_reporting ) {
					error_reporting( $error_reporting );
				}

				return true;
			}

			sleep( 1 );
		}

		// If template_redirect has already happened, it's too late for ljmc_die()/dead_db().
		// Let's just return and hope for the best.
		if ( did_action( 'template_redirect' ) ) {
			return false;
		}

		if ( ! $allow_bail ) {
			return false;
		}

		// We weren't able to reconnect, so we better bail.
		$this->bail( sprintf( ( "
<h1>Error reconnecting to the database</h1>
<p>This means that we lost contact with the database server at <code>%s</code>. This could mean your host's database server is down.</p>
<ul>
	<li>Are you sure that the database server is running?</li>
	<li>Are you sure that the database server is not under particularly heavy load?</li>
</ul>
<p>If you're unsure what these terms mean you should probably contact your host. If you still need help you can always visit the <a href='localhost/support/'>system Support Forums</a>.</p>
" ), htmlspecialchars( $this->dbhost, ENT_QUOTES ) ), 'db_connect_fail' );

		// Call dead_db() if bail didn't die, because this database is no more. It has ceased to be (at least temporarily).
		dead_db();
	}

	/**
	 * Perform a MySQL database query, using current database connection.
	 *
	 * More information can be found on the system page.
	 *
	 * @since 0.71
	 *
	 * @param string $query Database query
	 * @return int|false Number of rows affected/selected or false on error
	 */
	public function query( $query ) {
		if ( ! $this->ready ) {
			$this->check_current_query = true;
			return false;
		}

		/**
		 * Filter the database query.
		 *
		 * Some queries are made before the plugins have been loaded,
		 * and thus cannot be filtered with this method.
		 *
		 * @since 2.1.0
		 *
		 * @param string $query Database query.
		 */
		$query = apply_filters( 'query', $query );

		$this->flush();

		// Log how the function was called
		$this->func_call = "\$db->query(\"$query\")";

		// If we're writing to the database, make sure the query will write safely.
		if ( $this->check_current_query && ! $this->check_ascii( $query ) ) {
			$stripped_query = $this->strip_invalid_text_from_query( $query );
			// strip_invalid_text_from_query() can perform queries, so we need
			// to flush again, just to make sure everything is clear.
			$this->flush();
			if ( $stripped_query !== $query ) {
				$this->insert_id = 0;
				return false;
			}
		}

		$this->check_current_query = true;

		// Keep track of the last query for debug..
		$this->last_query = $query;

		$this->_do_query( $query );

		// MySQL server has gone away, try to reconnect
		$mysql_errno = 0;
		if ( ! empty( $this->dbh ) ) {
			if ( $this->use_mysqli ) {
				$mysql_errno = mysqli_errno( $this->dbh );
			} else {
				$mysql_errno = mysql_errno( $this->dbh );
			}
		}

		if ( empty( $this->dbh ) || 2006 == $mysql_errno ) {
			if ( $this->check_connection() ) {
				$this->_do_query( $query );
			} else {
				$this->insert_id = 0;
				return false;
			}
		}

		// If there is an error then take note of it..
		if ( $this->use_mysqli ) {
			$this->last_error = mysqli_error( $this->dbh );
		} else {
			$this->last_error = mysql_error( $this->dbh );
		}

		if ( $this->last_error ) {
			// Clear insert_id on a subsequent failed insert.
			if ( $this->insert_id && preg_match( '/^\s*(insert|replace)\s/i', $query ) )
				$this->insert_id = 0;

			$this->print_error();
			return false;
		}

		if ( preg_match( '/^\s*(create|alter|truncate|drop)\s/i', $query ) ) {
			$return_val = $this->result;
		} elseif ( preg_match( '/^\s*(insert|delete|update|replace)\s/i', $query ) ) {
			if ( $this->use_mysqli ) {
				$this->rows_affected = mysqli_affected_rows( $this->dbh );
			} else {
				$this->rows_affected = mysql_affected_rows( $this->dbh );
			}
			// Take note of the insert_id
			if ( preg_match( '/^\s*(insert|replace)\s/i', $query ) ) {
				if ( $this->use_mysqli ) {
					$this->insert_id = mysqli_insert_id( $this->dbh );
				} else {
					$this->insert_id = mysql_insert_id( $this->dbh );
				}
			}
			// Return number of rows affected
			$return_val = $this->rows_affected;
		} else {
			$num_rows = 0;
			if ( $this->use_mysqli && $this->result instanceof mysqli_result ) {
				while ( $row = @mysqli_fetch_object( $this->result ) ) {
					$this->last_result[$num_rows] = $row;
					$num_rows++;
				}
			} elseif ( is_resource( $this->result ) ) {
				while ( $row = @mysql_fetch_object( $this->result ) ) {
					$this->last_result[$num_rows] = $row;
					$num_rows++;
				}
			}

			// Log number of rows the query returned
			// and return number of rows selected
			$this->num_rows = $num_rows;
			$return_val     = $num_rows;
		}

		return $return_val;
	}

	/**
	 * Internal function to perform the mysql_query() call.
	 *
	 * @since 3.9.0
	 *
	 * @access private
	 * @see ljmcdb::query()
	 *
	 * @param string $query The query to run.
	 */
	private function _do_query( $query ) {
		if ( defined( 'SAVEQUERIES' ) && SAVEQUERIES ) {
			$this->timer_start();
		}

		if ( $this->use_mysqli ) {
			$this->result = @mysqli_query( $this->dbh, $query );
		} else {
			$this->result = @mysql_query( $query, $this->dbh );
		}
		$this->num_queries++;

		if ( defined( 'SAVEQUERIES' ) && SAVEQUERIES ) {
			$this->queries[] = array( $query, $this->timer_stop(), $this->get_caller() );
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Insert a row into a table.
	 *
	 *     ljmcdb::insert( 'table', array( 'column' => 'foo', 'field' => 'bar' ) )
	 *     ljmcdb::insert( 'table', array( 'column' => 'foo', 'field' => 1337 ), array( '%s', '%d' ) )
	 *
	 * @since 2.5.0
	 * @see ljmcdb::prepare()
	 * @see ljmcdb::$field_types
	 * @see ljmc_set_ljmcdb_vars()
	 *
	 * @param string $table table name
	 * @param array $data Data to insert (in column => value pairs). Both $data columns and $data values should be "raw" (neither should be SQL escaped).
	 * @param array|string $format Optional. An array of formats to be mapped to each of the value in $data. If string, that format will be used for all of the values in $data.
	 * 	A format is one of '%d', '%f', '%s' (integer, float, string). If omitted, all values in $data will be treated as strings unless otherwise specified in ljmcdb::$field_types.
	 * @return int|false The number of rows inserted, or false on error.
	 */
	public function insert( $table, $data, $format = null ) {
		return $this->_insert_replace_helper( $table, $data, $format, 'INSERT' );
	}

	/**
	 * Replace a row into a table.
	 *
	 *     ljmcdb::replace( 'table', array( 'column' => 'foo', 'field' => 'bar' ) )
	 *     ljmcdb::replace( 'table', array( 'column' => 'foo', 'field' => 1337 ), array( '%s', '%d' ) )
	 *
	 * @since 3.0.0
	 * @see ljmcdb::prepare()
	 * @see ljmcdb::$field_types
	 * @see ljmc_set_ljmcdb_vars()
	 *
	 * @param string $table table name
	 * @param array $data Data to insert (in column => value pairs). Both $data columns and $data values should be "raw" (neither should be SQL escaped).
	 * @param array|string $format Optional. An array of formats to be mapped to each of the value in $data. If string, that format will be used for all of the values in $data.
	 * 	A format is one of '%d', '%f', '%s' (integer, float, string). If omitted, all values in $data will be treated as strings unless otherwise specified in ljmcdb::$field_types.
	 * @return int|false The number of rows affected, or false on error.
	 */
	public function replace( $table, $data, $format = null ) {
		return $this->_insert_replace_helper( $table, $data, $format, 'REPLACE' );
	}

	/**
	 * Helper function for insert and replace.
	 *
	 * Runs an insert or replace query based on $type argument.
	 *
	 * @access private
	 * @since 3.0.0
	 * @see ljmcdb::prepare()
	 * @see ljmcdb::$field_types
	 * @see ljmc_set_ljmcdb_vars()
	 *
	 * @param string $table table name
	 * @param array $data Data to insert (in column => value pairs). Both $data columns and $data values should be "raw" (neither should be SQL escaped).
	 * @param array|string $format Optional. An array of formats to be mapped to each of the value in $data. If string, that format will be used for all of the values in $data.
	 * 	A format is one of '%d', '%f', '%s' (integer, float, string). If omitted, all values in $data will be treated as strings unless otherwise specified in ljmcdb::$field_types.
	 * @param string $type Optional. What type of operation is this? INSERT or REPLACE. Defaults to INSERT.
	 * @return int|false The number of rows affected, or false on error.
	 */
	function _insert_replace_helper( $table, $data, $format = null, $type = 'INSERT' ) {
		$this->insert_id = 0;

		if ( ! in_array( strtoupper( $type ), array( 'REPLACE', 'INSERT' ) ) ) {
			return false;
		}

		$data = $this->process_fields( $table, $data, $format );
		if ( false === $data ) {
			return false;
		}

		$formats = $values = array();
		foreach ( $data as $value ) {
			$formats[] = $value['format'];
			$values[]  = $value['value'];
		}

		$fields  = '`' . implode( '`, `', array_keys( $data ) ) . '`';
		$formats = implode( ', ', $formats );

		$sql = "$type INTO `$table` ($fields) VALUES ($formats)";

		$this->check_current_query = false;
		return $this->query( $this->prepare( $sql, $values ) );
	}

	/**
	 * Update a row in the table
	 *
	 *     ljmcdb::update( 'table', array( 'column' => 'foo', 'field' => 'bar' ), array( 'ID' => 1 ) )
	 *     ljmcdb::update( 'table', array( 'column' => 'foo', 'field' => 1337 ), array( 'ID' => 1 ), array( '%s', '%d' ), array( '%d' ) )
	 *
	 * @since 2.5.0
	 * @see ljmcdb::prepare()
	 * @see ljmcdb::$field_types
	 * @see ljmc_set_ljmcdb_vars()
	 *
	 * @param string $table table name
	 * @param array $data Data to update (in column => value pairs). Both $data columns and $data values should be "raw" (neither should be SQL escaped).
	 * @param array $where A named array of WHERE clauses (in column => value pairs). Multiple clauses will be joined with ANDs. Both $where columns and $where values should be "raw".
	 * @param array|string $format Optional. An array of formats to be mapped to each of the values in $data. If string, that format will be used for all of the values in $data.
	 * 	A format is one of '%d', '%f', '%s' (integer, float, string). If omitted, all values in $data will be treated as strings unless otherwise specified in ljmcdb::$field_types.
	 * @param array|string $where_format Optional. An array of formats to be mapped to each of the values in $where. If string, that format will be used for all of the items in $where. A format is one of '%d', '%f', '%s' (integer, float, string). If omitted, all values in $where will be treated as strings.
	 * @return int|false The number of rows updated, or false on error.
	 */
	public function update( $table, $data, $where, $format = null, $where_format = null ) {
		if ( ! is_array( $data ) || ! is_array( $where ) ) {
			return false;
		}

		$data = $this->process_fields( $table, $data, $format );
		if ( false === $data ) {
			return false;
		}
		$where = $this->process_fields( $table, $where, $where_format );
		if ( false === $where ) {
			return false;
		}

		$fields = $conditions = $values = array();
		foreach ( $data as $field…
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