/branch/robo-ops/contrib/libmodplug/src/load_abc.cpp

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/*

 MikMod Sound System

  By Jake Stine of Divine Entertainment (1996-2000)

 Support:
  If you find problems with this code, send mail to:
    air@divent.org

 Distribution / Code rights:
  Use this source code in any fashion you see fit.  Giving me credit where
  credit is due is optional, depending on your own levels of integrity and
  honesty.

 -----------------------------------------
 Module: LOAD_ABC

  ABC module loader.
	by Peter Grootswagers (2006)
	<email:pgrootswagers@planet.nl>

 Portability:
	All systems - all compilers (hopefully)
*/

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <ctype.h>

#ifdef NEWMIKMOD
#include "mikmod.h"
#include "uniform.h"
typedef UBYTE BYTE;
typedef UWORD WORD;
#else
#include "stdafx.h"
#include "sndfile.h"
#endif

#include "load_pat.h"

#define MAXABCINCLUDES	8
#define MAXCHORDNAMES 80
#define ABC_ENV_DUMPTRACKS		"MMABC_DUMPTRACKS"
#define ABC_ENV_NORANDOMPICK	"MMABC_NO_RANDOM_PICK"

// gchords use tracks with vpos 1 thru 7
// drums use track with vpos 8
// voice chords use vpos 0 and vpos from 11 up
#define GCHORDBPOS 1
#define GCHORDFPOS 2
#define GCHORDCPOS 3
#define DRUMPOS	8
#define DRONEPOS1 9
#define DRONEPOS2 10

// in the patterns a whole note at unmodified tempo is 16 rows
#define ROWSPERNOTE 16
// a 1/64-th note played in triool equals a 1/96-th note, to be able
// to play them and also to play the 1/64-th we need a resolution of 192
// because 2/192 = 1/96 and 3/192 = 1/64
#define RESOLUTION	192

#pragma pack(1)

/**************************************************************************
**************************************************************************/
#ifdef NEWMIKMOD
static char  ABC_Version[] = "ABC+2.0 (draft IV)";
#endif

typedef enum {
	note,
	octave,
	smpno,
	volume,
	effect,
	effoper
} ABCEVENT_X_NOTE;

typedef enum {
	none,
	trill,
	bow,
	accent
} ABCEVENT_X_EFFECT;

typedef enum {
	cmdflag,
	command,
	chordnum,
	chordnote,
	chordbase,
	jumptype
} ABCEVENT_X_CMD;

typedef enum {
	cmdsegno   = '$',
	cmdcapo    = 'B',
	cmdchord   = 'C',
	cmdfine    = 'F',
	cmdhide    = 'H',
	cmdjump    = 'J',
	cmdloop    = 'L',
	cmdcoda    = 'O',
	cmdpartbrk = 'P',
	cmdsync    = 'S',
	cmdtempo   = 'T',
	cmdvariant = 'V',
	cmdtocoda  = 'X'
} ABCEVENT_CMD;

typedef enum {
	jumpnormal,
	jumpfade,
	jumpdacapo,
	jumpdcfade,
	jumpdasegno,
	jumpdsfade,
	jumpfine,
	jumptocoda,
	jumpvariant,
	jumpnot
} ABCEVENT_JUMPTYPE;

typedef struct _ABCEVENT
{
	struct _ABCEVENT *next;
	ULONG	tracktick;
	union {
		BYTE	par[6];
		struct {
			BYTE flg;
			BYTE cmd;
			ULONG lpar;	// for variant selections, bit pattern
		};
	};
	BYTE part;
	BYTE tiednote;
} ABCEVENT;

typedef struct _ABCTRACK
{
	struct _ABCTRACK *next;
	ABCEVENT *head;
	ABCEVENT *tail;
	ABCEVENT *capostart;
	ABCEVENT *tienote;
	int transpose;
	int octave_shift;
	ULONG slidevoltime;	// for crescendo and diminuendo
	int slidevol; // -2:fade away, -1:diminuendo, 0:none, +1:crescendo
	BYTE vno; // 0 is track is free for use, from previous song in multi-songbook
	BYTE vpos; // 0 is main voice, other is subtrack for gchords, gchords or drumnotes
	BYTE tiedvpos;
	BYTE mute;
	BYTE chan; // 10 is percussion channel, any other is melodic channel
	BYTE volume;
	BYTE instr;	// current instrument for this track
	BYTE legato;
	char v[22];	// first twenty characters are significant
} ABCTRACK;

typedef struct _ABCMACRO
{
	struct _ABCMACRO *next;
	char *name;
	char *subst;
	char *n;
} ABCMACRO;

/**************************************************************************
**************************************************************************/

typedef struct _ABCHANDLE
{
#ifdef NEWMIKMOD
	MM_ALLOC *allochandle;
	MM_ALLOC *macrohandle;
	MM_ALLOC *trackhandle;
	MM_ALLOC *ho;
#endif
	ABCMACRO *macro;
	ABCMACRO *umacro;
	ABCTRACK *track;
	long int pickrandom;
	unsigned int len;
	int speed;
	char *line;
	char *beatstring;
	BYTE beat[4]; // a:first note, b:strong notes, c:weak notes, n:strong note every n
	char gchord[80];	// last setting for gchord
	char drum[80]; // last setting for drum 
	char drumins[80]; // last setting for drum 
	char drumvol[80]; // last setting for drum 
	ULONG barticks;
	// parse variables, declared here to avoid parameter pollution
	int abcchordvol, abcchordprog, abcbassvol, abcbassprog;
	int ktrans;
	int drumon, gchordon, droneon;
	int dronegm, dronepitch[2], dronevol[2];
	ABCTRACK *tp, *tpc, *tpr;
	ULONG tracktime;
} ABCHANDLE;

static int global_voiceno, global_octave_shift, global_tempo_factor, global_tempo_divider;
static char global_part;
static ULONG global_songstart;
/* Named guitar chords */
static char chordname[MAXCHORDNAMES][8];
static int chordnotes[MAXCHORDNAMES][6];
static int chordlen[MAXCHORDNAMES];
static int chordsnamed = 0;

static const char *sig[] = {
	" C D EF G A Bc d ef g a b",	// 7 sharps C#
	" C D EF G AB c d ef g ab ",	// 6 sharps F#
	" C DE F G AB c de f g ab ",	// 5 sharps B
	" C DE F GA B c de f ga b ",	// 4 sharps E
	" CD E F GA B cd e f ga b ",	// 3 sharps A
	" CD E FG A B cd e fg a b ",	// 2 sharps D
	" C D E FG A Bc d e fg a b",	// 1 sharps G
	" C D EF G A Bc d ef g a b",	// 0 sharps C
	" C D EF G AB c d ef g ab ",	// 1 flats  F
	" C DE F G AB c de f g ab ",	// 2 flats  Bb
	" C DE F GA B c de f ga b ",	// 3 flats  Eb
	" CD E F GA B cd e f ga b ",	// 4 flats  Ab
	" CD E FG A B cd e fg a b ",	// 5 flats  Db
	"C D E FG A Bc d e fg a b ",	// 6 flats  Gb
	"C D EF G A Bc d ef g a b ",	// 7 flats  Cb
// 0123456789012345678901234	
};

static const char *keySigs[] = {
/* 0....:....1....:....2....:....3....:....4....:....5. */
	"7 sharps: C#    A#m   G#Mix D#Dor E#Phr F#Lyd B#Loc ",
	"6 sharps: F#    D#m   C#Mix G#Dor A#Phr BLyd  E#Loc ",
	"5 sharps: B     G#m   F#Mix C#Dor D#Phr ELyd  A#Loc ",
	"4 sharps: E     C#m   BMix  F#Dor G#Phr ALyd  D#Loc ",
	"3 sharps: A     F#m   EMix  BDor  C#Phr DLyd  G#Loc ",
	"2 sharps: D     Bm    AMix  EDor  F#Phr GLyd  C#Loc ",
	"1 sharp : G     Em    DMix  ADor  BPhr  CLyd  F#Loc ",
	"0 sharps: C     Am    GMix  DDor  EPhr  FLyd  BLoc  ",
	"1 flat  : F     Dm    CMix  GDor  APhr  BbLyd ELoc  ",
	"2 flats : Bb    Gm    FMix  CDor  DPhr  EbLyd ALoc  ",
	"3 flats : Eb    Cm    BbMix FDor  GPhr  AbLyd DLoc  ",
	"4 flats : Ab    Fm    EbMix BbDor CPhr  DbLyd GLoc  ",
	"5 flats : Db    Bbm   AbMix EbDor FPhr  GbLyd CLoc  ",
	"6 flats : Gb    Ebm   DbMix AbDor BbPhr CbLyd FLoc  ",
	"7 flats : Cb    Abm   GbMix DbDor EbPhr FbLyd BbLoc ",
	0
};

// local prototypes
static int abc_getnumber(const char *p, int *number);
static ABCTRACK *abc_locate_track(ABCHANDLE *h, const char *voice, int pos);
static void	abc_add_event(ABCHANDLE *h, ABCTRACK *tp, ABCEVENT *e);
static void abc_add_setloop(ABCHANDLE *h, ABCTRACK *tp, ULONG tracktime);
static void abc_add_setjumploop(ABCHANDLE *h, ABCTRACK *tp, ULONG tracktime, ABCEVENT_JUMPTYPE j);
static ULONG abc_pattracktime(ABCHANDLE *h, ULONG tracktime);
static int abc_patno(ABCHANDLE *h, ULONG tracktime);

static void abc_message(const char *s1, const char *s2)
{
	char txt[256];
	if( strlen(s1) + strlen(s2) > 255 ) return;
	sprintf(txt, s1, s2);
#ifdef NEWMIKMOD
	_mmlog(txt);
#else
	fprintf(stderr, "load_abc > %s\n", txt);
#endif
}

static ULONG modticks(ULONG abcticks)
{
	return abcticks / RESOLUTION;
}

static ULONG abcticks(ULONG modticks)
{
	return modticks * RESOLUTION;
}

static ULONG notelen_notediv_to_ticks(int speed, int len, int div)
{
	ULONG u;
	u = (ROWSPERNOTE * RESOLUTION * speed * len * global_tempo_factor) / (div * global_tempo_divider);
	return u;
}

static void abc_dumptracks(ABCHANDLE *h, const char *p)
{
	ABCTRACK *t;
	ABCEVENT *e;
	int n,pat,row,tck;
	char nn[3];
	if( !h ) return;
	for( t=h->track; t; t=t->next ) {
		printf("track %d.%d chan=%d %s\n", (int)(t->vno), (int)(t->vpos),
		                                   (int)(t->chan), (char *)(t->v));
		if( strcmp(p,"nonotes") )
			n = 1;
		else
			n = 0;
		for( e=t->head; e; e=e->next ) {
			tck = modticks(e->tracktick);
			row = tck / h->speed;
			pat = row / 64;
			tck = tck % h->speed;
			row = row % 64; 
			nn[0] = ( e->tracktick % abcticks(h->speed * 64) ) ? ' ': '-';
			if( e->flg == 1 ) {
				printf("  %6d.%02d.%d%c%c %d.%d %s ",
				       pat, row, tck, nn[0], (int)(e->part), (int)(t->vno),
				       (int)(t->vpos), (char *)(t->v));
				if( e->cmd == cmdchord ) {
					nn[0] = "CCCDDEFFGGAABccddeffggaabb"[e->par[chordnote]];
					nn[1] = "b # #  # # #  # #  # # # #"[e->par[chordnote]];
					nn[2] = '\0';
					if( isspace(nn[1]) ) nn[1] = '\0';
					printf("CMD %c: gchord %s%s",
					       (char)(e->cmd), nn, chordname[e->par[chordnum]]);
					if( e->par[chordbase] != e->par[chordnote] ) {
						nn[0] = "CCCDDEFFGGAABccddeffggaabb"[e->par[chordbase]];
						nn[1] = "b # #  # # #  # #  # # # #"[e->par[chordbase]];
						nn[2] = '\0';
						printf("/%s", nn);
					}
					printf("\n");
				}
				else
					printf("CMD %c @%p 0x%08lX\n",
					       (char)(e->cmd), e,
					       (unsigned long)(e->lpar));
				if( strcmp(p,"nonotes") )
					n = 1;
				else
					n = 0;
			}
			else if( n ) {
				printf("  %6d.%02d.%d%c%c %d.%d %s ", pat, row, tck, nn[0], e->part, t->vno, t->vpos, t->v);
				if( e->par[note] ) {
					nn[0] = "CCCDDEFFGGAABccddeffggaabb"[e->par[note]-23];
					nn[1] = "b # #  # # #  # #  # # # #"[e->par[note]-23];
					nn[2] = '\0';
				}
				else strcpy(nn,"--");
				printf("NOTE %s octave %d inst %s vol %03d\n", 
					nn, e->par[octave], pat_gm_name(pat_smptogm(e->par[smpno])),e->par[volume]);
				if( strcmp(p,"all") )
					n = 0;
			}
		}
	}
}

#ifdef NEWMIKMOD

#define MMFILE				MMSTREAM
#define mmfgetc(x)			_mm_read_SBYTE(x)
#define mmfeof(x)			_mm_feof(x)
#define mmfgets(buf,sz,f) _mm_fgets(f,buf,sz)
#define mmftell(x)			_mm_ftell(x)
#define mmfseek(f,p,w)		_mm_fseek(f,p,w)
#define mmfopen(s,m)			_mm_fopen(s,m)
#define mmfclose(f)			_mm_fclose(f)

#else

#define MMSTREAM										FILE
#define _mm_fopen(name,mode)		fopen(name,mode)
#define _mm_fgets(f,buf,sz)		fgets(buf,sz,f)
#define _mm_fseek(f,pos,whence)		fseek(f,pos,whence)
#define _mm_ftell(f)								ftell(f)
#define _mm_read_UBYTES(buf,sz,f)	fread(buf,sz,1,f)
#define _mm_read_SBYTES(buf,sz,f)	fread(buf,sz,1,f)
#define _mm_feof(f)									feof(f)
#define _mm_fclose(f)								fclose(f)
#define DupStr(h,buf,sz)		strdup(buf)
#define _mm_calloc(h,n,sz)		calloc(n,sz)
#define _mm_recalloc(h,buf,sz,elsz)	realloc(buf,sz)
#define _mm_free(h,p)								free(p)

typedef struct {
	char *mm;
	int sz;
	int pos;
} MMFILE;

static MMFILE *mmfopen(const char *name, const char *mode)
{
	FILE *fp;
	MMFILE *mmfile;
	long len;
	if( *mode != 'r' ) return NULL;
	fp = fopen(name, mode);
	if( !fp ) return NULL;
	fseek(fp, 0, SEEK_END);
	len = ftell(fp);
	mmfile = (MMFILE *)malloc(len+sizeof(MMFILE));
	if( !mmfile ) return NULL;
	fseek(fp, 0, SEEK_SET);
	fread(&mmfile[1],1,len,fp);
	fclose(fp);
	mmfile->mm = (char *)&mmfile[1];
	mmfile->sz = len;
	mmfile->pos = 0;
	return mmfile;
}

static void mmfclose(MMFILE *mmfile)
{
	free(mmfile);
}

static bool mmfeof(MMFILE *mmfile)
{
	if( mmfile->pos < 0 ) return TRUE;
	if( mmfile->pos < mmfile->sz ) return FALSE;
	return TRUE;
}

static int mmfgetc(MMFILE *mmfile)
{
	int b;
	if( mmfeof(mmfile) ) return EOF;
	b = mmfile->mm[mmfile->pos];
	mmfile->pos++;
	if( b=='\r' && mmfile->mm[mmfile->pos] == '\n' ) {
		b = '\n';
		mmfile->pos++;
	}
	return b;
}

static void mmfgets(char buf[], unsigned int bufsz, MMFILE *mmfile)
{
	int i,b;
	for( i=0; i<(int)bufsz-1; i++ ) {
		b = mmfgetc(mmfile);
		if( b==EOF ) break;
		buf[i] = b;
		if( b == '\n' ) break;
	}
	buf[i] = '\0';
}

static long mmftell(MMFILE *mmfile)
{
	return mmfile->pos;
}

static void mmfseek(MMFILE *mmfile, long p, int whence)
{
	switch(whence) {
		case SEEK_SET:
			mmfile->pos = p;
			break;
		case SEEK_CUR:
			mmfile->pos += p;
			break;
		case SEEK_END:
			mmfile->pos = mmfile->sz + p;
			break;
	}
}
#endif

// =====================================================================================
static ABCEVENT *abc_new_event(ABCHANDLE *h, ULONG abctick, const char data[])
// =====================================================================================
{
    ABCEVENT   *retval;
		int i;

    retval = (ABCEVENT *)_mm_calloc(h->trackhandle, 1,sizeof(ABCEVENT));
		retval->next        = NULL;
    retval->tracktick   = abctick;
		for( i=0; i<6; i++ )
	    retval->par[i]    = data[i];
		retval->part = global_part;
		retval->tiednote = 0;
    return retval;
}

// =============================================================================
static ABCEVENT *abc_copy_event(ABCHANDLE *h, ABCEVENT *se)
// =============================================================================
{
	ABCEVENT *e;
	e = (ABCEVENT *)_mm_calloc(h->trackhandle, 1,sizeof(ABCEVENT));
	e->next        = NULL;
	e->tracktick   = se->tracktick;
	e->flg         = se->flg;
	e->cmd         = se->cmd;
	e->lpar        = se->lpar;
	e->part        = se->part;
	return e;
}

// =============================================================================
static void abc_new_macro(ABCHANDLE *h, const char *m)
// =============================================================================
{
    ABCMACRO *retval;
		const char *p;
		char buf[256],*q;
		for( p=m; *p && isspace(*p); p++ ) ;
		for( q=buf; *p && *p != '='; p++ )
			*q++ = *p;
		if( q != buf )
			while( isspace(q[-1]) ) q--;
		*q = '\0';
    retval = (ABCMACRO *)_mm_calloc(h->macrohandle, 1,sizeof(ABCTRACK));
    retval->name  = DupStr(h->macrohandle, buf,strlen(buf));
		retval->n     = strrchr(retval->name, 'n'); // for transposing macro's
		for( p++; *p && isspace(*p); p++ ) ;
		strncpy(buf,p,200);
		for( q=&buf[strlen(buf)-1]; q!=buf && isspace(*q); q-- ) *q = '\0';
    retval->subst = DupStr(h->macrohandle, buf, strlen(buf));
		retval->next  = h->macro;
		h->macro      = retval;
}

// =============================================================================
static void abc_new_umacro(ABCHANDLE *h, const char *m)
// =============================================================================
{
    ABCMACRO *retval, *mp;
		const char *p;
		char buf[256], let[2], *q;
		for( p=m; *p && isspace(*p); p++ ) ;
		for( q=buf; *p && *p != '='; p++ )
			*q++ = *p;
		if( q != buf )
			while( isspace(q[-1]) ) q--;
		*q = '\0';
		if( strlen(buf) > 1 || strchr("~HIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXY",toupper(buf[0])) == 0 || strchr("xy",buf[0]) ) return;
		strcpy(let,buf);
		for( p++; *p && isspace(*p); p++ ) ;
		strncpy(buf,p,200);
		for( q=&buf[strlen(buf)-1]; q!=buf && isspace(*q); q-- ) *q = '\0';
		for( q=buf; *q; q++ )	if( *q == '!' ) *q = '+';	// translate oldstyle to newstyle
		if( !strcmp(buf,"+nil+") ) { // delete a macro
			mp = NULL;
			for( retval=h->umacro; retval; retval = retval->next ) {
				if( retval->name[0] == let[0] ) {	// delete this one
					if( mp ) mp->next = retval->next;
					else h->umacro = retval->next;
					_mm_free(h->macrohandle, retval);
					return;
				}
				mp = retval;
			}
			return;
		}
    retval = (ABCMACRO *)_mm_calloc(h->macrohandle, 1,sizeof(ABCTRACK));
    retval->name  = DupStr(h->macrohandle, let,1);
    retval->subst = DupStr(h->macrohandle, buf, strlen(buf));
		retval->n     = 0;
		retval->next  = h->umacro; // by placing it up front we mask out the old macro until we +nil+ it
		h->umacro      = retval;
}

// =============================================================================
static ABCTRACK *abc_new_track(ABCHANDLE *h, const char *voice, int pos)
// =============================================================================
{
	ABCTRACK *retval;
	if( !pos ) global_voiceno++;
	retval = (ABCTRACK *)_mm_calloc(h->trackhandle, 1,sizeof(ABCTRACK));
	retval->next         = NULL;
	retval->vno          = global_voiceno;
	retval->vpos         = pos;
	retval->tiedvpos     = pos;
	retval->instr        = 1;
	strncpy(retval->v, voice, 20);
	retval->v[20]        = '\0';
	retval->head         = NULL;
	retval->tail         = NULL;
	retval->capostart    = NULL;
	retval->tienote      = NULL;
	retval->mute         = 0;
	retval->chan         = 0;
	retval->transpose    = 0;
	retval->volume       = h->track? h->track->volume: 120;
	retval->slidevoltime = 0;
	retval->slidevol     = 0;
	retval->legato       = 0;
	return retval;
}

static int abc_numtracks(ABCHANDLE *h)
{
	int n;
	ABCTRACK *t;
	n=0;
	for( t = h->track; t; t=t->next )
		n++;
	return n;
}

static int abc_interval(const char *s, const char *d)
{
	const char *p;
	int i,j,k;
	int n,oct,m[2];
	for( j=0; j<2; j++ ) {
		if( j ) p = d; 
		else p = s;
		switch(p[0]) {
			case '^':
				n = p[1];
				i = 2;
				break;
			case '_':
				n = p[1];
				i = 2;
				break;
			case '=':
				n = p[1];
				i = 2;
				break;
			default:
				n = p[0];
				i = 1;
				break;
		}
		for( k=0; k<25; k++ )
			if( n == sig[7][k] )
				break;
		oct = 4;	// ABC note pitch C is C4 and pitch c is C5
		if( k > 12 ) {
			oct++;
			k -= 12;
		}
		while( p[i] == ',' || p[i] == '\'' ) {
			if( p[i] == ',' )
				oct--;
			else
				oct++;
			i++;
		}
		m[j] = k + 12 * oct;
	}
	return m[0] - m[1];
}

static int abc_transpose(const char *v)
{
	int i,j,t;
	const char *m = "B", *mv = "";
	t = 0;
	global_octave_shift = 99;
	for( ; *v && *v != ']'; v++ ) {
		if( !strncasecmp(v,"t=",2) ) {
			v+=2;
			if( *v=='-' )	{
				j = -1;
				v++;
			}
			else j = 1;
			v+=abc_getnumber(v,&i);
			t += i * j;
			global_octave_shift = 0;
		}
		if( !strncasecmp(v,"octave=",7) ) {
			v+=7;
			if( *v=='-' )	{
				j = -1;
				v++;
			}
			else j = 1;
			v+=abc_getnumber(v,&i);
			t += i * j * 12;
			global_octave_shift = 0;
		}
		if( !strncasecmp(v,"transpose=",10) ) {
			v+=10;
			if( *v=='-' )	{
				j = -1;
				v++;
			}
			else j = 1;
			v+=abc_getnumber(v,&i);
			t += i * j;
			global_octave_shift = 0;
		}
		if( !strncasecmp(v,"octave=",7) ) { // used in kv304*.abc
			v+=7;
			if( *v=='-' )	{
				j = -1;
				v++;
			}
			else j = 1;
			v+=abc_getnumber(v,&i);
			t += i * j * 12;
			global_octave_shift = 0;
		}
		if( !strncasecmp(v,"m=",2) ) {
			v += 2;
			mv = v; // get the pitch for the middle staff line 
			while( *v && *v != ' ' && *v != ']' ) v++;
			global_octave_shift = 0;
		}
		if( !strncasecmp(v,"middle=",7) ) {
			v += 7;
			mv = v; // get the pitch for the middle staff line 
			while( *v && *v != ' ' && *v != ']' ) v++;
			global_octave_shift = 0;
		}
		if( !strncasecmp(v,"clef=",5) )
			v += 5;
		j = 1;
		if( !strncasecmp(v,"treble",6) ) {
			j = 0;
			v += 6;
			switch( *v ) {
				case '1':	v++; m = "d";	break;
				case '2': v++;
				default: m = "B";	break;
				case '3': v++; m = "G";	break;
				case '4': v++; m = "E";	break;
				case '5': v++; m = "C";	break;
			}
			global_octave_shift = 0;
		}
		if( j && !strncasecmp(v,"bass",4) ) {
			m = "D,";
			j = 0;
			v += 4;
			switch( *v ) {
				case '1':	v++; m = "C";	break;
				case '2': v++; m = "A,";	break;
				case '3': v++; m = "F,";	break;
				case '4': v++;
				default: m = "D,";	break;
				case '5': v++; m = "B,,";	break;
			}
			if( global_octave_shift == 99 )
				global_octave_shift = -2;
		}
		if( j && !strncasecmp(v,"tenor",5) ) {
			j = 0;
			v += 5;
			switch( *v ) {
				case '1':	v++; m = "G";	break;
				case '2': v++; m = "E";	break;
				case '3': v++; m = "C";	break;
				case '4': v++;
				default: m = "A,";	break;
				case '5': v++; m = "F,";	break;
			}
			if( global_octave_shift == 99 )
				global_octave_shift = 1;
		}
		if( j && !strncasecmp(v,"alto",4) ) {
			j = 0;
			v += 4;
			switch( *v ) {
				case '1':	v++; m = "G";	break;
				case '2': v++; m = "E";	break;
				case '3': v++; 
				default: m = "C";	break;
				case '4': v++; m = "A,";	break;
				case '5': v++; m = "F,";	break;
			}
			if( global_octave_shift == 99 )
				global_octave_shift = 1;
		}
		if( j && strchr("+-",*v) && *v && v[1]=='8' ) {
			switch(*v) {
				case '+':
					t += 12;
					break;
				case '-':
					t -= 12;
					break;
			}
			v += 2;
			if( !strncasecmp(v,"va",2) ) v += 2;
			global_octave_shift = 0;
			j = 0;
		}
		if( j ) {
			while( *v && *v != ' ' && *v != ']' ) v++;
		}
	}
	if( strlen(mv) > 0 ) // someone set the middle note
		t += abc_interval(mv, m);
	if( global_octave_shift == 99 )
		global_octave_shift = 0;
	return t;
}

// =============================================================================
static ABCTRACK *abc_locate_track(ABCHANDLE *h, const char *voice, int pos)
// =============================================================================
{
	ABCTRACK *tr, *prev, *trunused;
	char vc[21];
	int i, trans=0, voiceno=0, instrno = 1, channo = 0;
	for( ; *voice == ' '; voice++ ) ;	// skip leading spaces
	for( i=0; *voice && *voice != ']' && *voice != '%' && !isspace(*voice); voice++ )	// can work with inline voice instructions
		vc[i++] = *voice;
	vc[i] = '\0';
	prev = NULL;
	trunused = NULL;
	if( !pos )	trans = abc_transpose(voice);
	for( tr=h->track; tr; tr=tr->next ) {
		if( tr->vno == 0 ) {
			if( !trunused ) trunused = tr; // must reuse mastertrack (h->track) as first
		}
		else {
			if( !strncasecmp(tr->v, vc, 20) ) {
				if( tr->vpos == pos ) 
					return tr;
				trans = tr->transpose;
				global_octave_shift = tr->octave_shift;
				voiceno = tr->vno;
				instrno = tr->instr;
				channo  = tr->chan;
			}
		}
		prev = tr;
	}
	if( trunused ) {
		tr = trunused;
		if( pos ) {
			tr->vno   = voiceno;
			tr->instr = instrno;
			tr->chan  = channo;
		}
		else {
			global_voiceno++;
	    tr->vno   = global_voiceno;
			tr->instr = 1;
			tr->chan  = 0;
		}
    tr->vpos         = pos;
		tr->tiedvpos     = pos;
		strncpy(tr->v, vc, 20);
		tr->v[20]        = '\0';
		tr->mute         = 0;
		tr->transpose    = trans;
		tr->octave_shift = global_octave_shift;
		tr->volume       = h->track->volume;
		tr->tienote      = NULL;
		tr->legato       = 0;
		return tr;
	}
	tr = abc_new_track(h, vc, pos);
	if( pos ) {
		tr->vno   = voiceno;
		tr->instr = instrno;
		tr->chan  = channo;
	}
	tr->transpose    = trans;
	tr->octave_shift = global_octave_shift;
	if( prev ) prev->next = tr;
	else	h->track = tr;
	return tr;
}

// =============================================================================
static ABCTRACK *abc_check_track(ABCHANDLE *h, ABCTRACK *tp)
// =============================================================================
{
	if( !tp ) { 
		tp = abc_locate_track(h, "", 0);	// must work for voiceless abc too...
		tp->transpose = h->ktrans;
	}
	return tp;
}

static void abc_add_capo(ABCHANDLE *h, ABCTRACK *tp, ULONG tracktime)
{
	ABCEVENT *e;
	char d[6];
	d[0] = d[1] =	d[2] = d[3] = d[4] = d[5] = 0;
	d[cmdflag] = 1;
	d[command] = cmdcapo;
	e = abc_new_event(h, tracktime, d);
	tp->capostart = e;
	abc_add_event(h, tp, e); // do this last (recursion danger)
}

static void abc_add_segno(ABCHANDLE *h, ABCTRACK *tp, ULONG tracktime)
{
	ABCEVENT *e;
	char d[6];
	d[0] = d[1] =	d[2] = d[3] = d[4] = d[5] = 0;
	d[cmdflag] = 1;
	d[command] = cmdsegno;
	e = abc_new_event(h, tracktime, d);
	abc_add_event(h, tp, e);
}

static void abc_add_coda(ABCHANDLE *h, ABCTRACK *tp, ULONG tracktime)
{
	ABCEVENT *e;
	char d[6];
	d[0] = d[1] =	d[2] = d[3] = d[4] = d[5] = 0;
	d[cmdflag] = 1;
	d[command] = cmdcoda;
	e = abc_new_event(h, tracktime, d);
	abc_add_event(h, tp, e);
}

static void abc_add_fine(ABCHANDLE *h, ABCTRACK *tp, ULONG tracktime)
{
	ABCEVENT *e;
	char d[6];
	d[0] = d[1] =	d[2] = d[3] = d[4] = d[5] = 0;
	d[cmdflag] = 1;
	d[command] = cmdfine;
	e = abc_new_event(h, tracktime, d);
	abc_add_event(h, tp, e);
}

static void abc_add_tocoda(ABCHANDLE *h, ABCTRACK *tp, ULONG tracktime)
{
	ABCEVENT *e;
	char d[6];
	d[0] = d[1] =	d[2] = d[3] = d[4] = d[5] = 0;
	d[cmdflag] = 1;
	d[command] = cmdtocoda;
	e = abc_new_event(h, tracktime, d);
	abc_add_event(h, tp, e);
}

// first track is dirigent, remove all control events from other tracks
// to keep the information where the events should be relative to note events
// in the same tick the ticks are octated and four added for note events
// the control events that come before the note events get a decremented tick,
// those that come after get an incremented tick, for example:
//             ctrl ctrl note ctrl ctrl  note
//   original: t    t    t    t    t+1   t+1
//   recoded:  8t+1 8t+2 8t+4 8t+5 8t+11 8t+12
static void abc_remove_unnecessary_events(ABCHANDLE *h)
{
	ABCTRACK *tp,*ptp;
	ABCEVENT *ep, *el;
	ULONG ct, et;
	int d;
	ptp = NULL;
	for( tp=h->track; tp; tp=tp->next ) {
		el = NULL;
		ep = tp->head;
		ct = 0;
		d  = -3;
		while( ep ) {
			et = ep->tracktick;
			ep->tracktick <<= 3;
			ep->tracktick += 4;
			if( ep->flg == 1 ) {
				ep->tracktick += d;	
				d++;
				if( d == 0 ) d = -1;
				if( d == 4 ) d =  3;
				if( tp!=h->track ) ep->cmd = cmdhide;
				switch( ep->cmd ) {
					case cmdhide:
					case cmdsync:
						if( el ) {
							el->next = ep->next;
							_mm_free(h->trackhandle,ep);
							ep = el->next;
						}
						else {
							tp->head = ep->next;
							_mm_free(h->trackhandle,ep);
							ep = tp->head;
						}
						break;
					default:
						el = ep;
						ep = ep->next;
						break;
				}
			}
			else {
				el = ep;
				ep = ep->next;
				d  = 1;
			}
			if( et > ct )
				d = -3;
			ct = et;
		}
		if( !tp->head ) { // no need to keep empty tracks...
			if( ptp ) {
				ptp->next = tp->next;
				_mm_free(h->trackhandle,tp);
				tp = ptp;
			}
			else {
				h->track = tp->next;
				_mm_free(h->trackhandle,tp);
				tp = h->track;
			}
		}
		ptp = tp;	// remember previous track
	}
}

// set ticks back, and handle partbreaks
static void abc_retick_events(ABCHANDLE *h)
{
	ABCTRACK *tp;
	ABCEVENT *ep;
	ULONG et, tt=0, at = abcticks(64 * h->speed);
	for( tp=h->track; tp; tp=tp->next ) {
		// make ticks relative
		tt = 0;
		for( ep=tp->head; ep; ep=ep->next ) {
			et = ep->tracktick >> 3;
			ep->tracktick = et - tt;
			tt = et;
		}
		// make ticks absolute again, skipping no-op partbreaks
		tt = 0;
		for( ep=tp->head; ep; ep=ep->next ) {
			ep->tracktick += tt;
			tt = ep->tracktick;
			if( ep->flg == 1 && ep->cmd == cmdpartbrk ) {
				if( tt % at ) {
					tt += at;
					tt /= at;
					tt *= at;
					ep->tracktick -= abcticks(h->speed); // break plays current row
				}
				else ep->cmd = cmdhide;
			}
		}
	}
}

// make sure every track has the control events it needs, this way it is not
// necessary to have redundant +segno+ +D.C.+ etc in the voices, the first voice
// is the master, it is pointed to by the member 'track' in the ABCHANDLE
static void abc_synchronise_tracks(ABCHANDLE *h)
{
	ABCTRACK *tp;
	ULONG tm;	// tracktime in master
	ABCEVENT *em, *es, *et, *ec;	// events in master, slave, slave temporary and copied event
	if( !h || !h->track ) return;
	abc_remove_unnecessary_events(h);
	for( tp = h->track->next; tp; tp = tp->next ) {
		for( em=h->track->head; em; em=em->next ) {
			if( em->flg == 1 ) { // some kind of control event
				switch( em->cmd ) {
					case cmdchord:
					case cmdhide:
					case cmdtempo:
					case cmdsync:
						break;
					default:	// check to see if copy is necessary
						ec = abc_copy_event(h, em);
						tm = em->tracktick;
						es = tp->head; // allways search from the begin...
						for( et=es; et && et->tracktick <= tm; et=et->next )
							es = et;
						if( es == NULL || es->tracktick > tm ) {	// special case: head of track
							ec->next = es;
							tp->head = ec;
						}
						else {
							ec->next = es->next;
							es->next = ec;
						}
						break;
				}
			}
		}
	}
	abc_retick_events(h);
}

static void	abc_add_event(ABCHANDLE *h, ABCTRACK *tp, ABCEVENT *e)
{
	if( !tp->capostart ) abc_add_capo(h, tp, global_songstart);
	if( tp->tail ) {
		tp->tail->next = e;
		tp->tail = e;
	}
	else {
		tp->head = e;
		tp->tail = e;
	}
}

static void abc_add_partbreak(ABCHANDLE *h, ABCTRACK *tp, ULONG tracktime)
{
	ABCEVENT *e;
	char d[6];
	d[0] = d[1] =	d[2] = d[3] = d[4] = d[5] = 0;
	d[cmdflag] = 1;
	d[command] = cmdpartbrk;
	e = abc_new_event(h, tracktime, d);
	abc_add_event(h, tp, e);
}

static void abc_add_tempo_event(ABCHANDLE *h, ABCTRACK *tp, ULONG tracktime, int tempo)
{
	ABCEVENT *e;
	char d[6];
	d[0] = d[1] =	d[2] = d[3] = d[4] = d[5] = 0;
	d[cmdflag] = 1;
	d[command] = cmdtempo;
	e = abc_new_event(h, tracktime, d);
	e->lpar = tempo;
	abc_add_event(h, tp, e);
}

static void abc_add_noteoff(ABCHANDLE *h, ABCTRACK *tp, ULONG tracktime)
{
	ABCEVENT *e;
	char d[6];
	d[note]    = 0;
	d[octave]  = 0;
	d[smpno]   = pat_gmtosmp(tp->instr);
	d[volume]  = 0;
	d[effect]  = 0;
	d[effoper] = 0;
	e = abc_new_event(h, tracktime, d);
	abc_add_event(h, tp, e);
}

static int abc_dynamic_volume(ABCTRACK *tp, ULONG tracktime, int vol)
{
	ULONG slidetime;
	int voldelta;
	if( tp->mute ) return 0;
	if( tp->slidevol == 0 ) return vol;
	if( tracktime < tp->slidevoltime ) return vol;
	slidetime = modticks(tracktime - tp->slidevoltime);
	voldelta = (slidetime * 15) / 64 / 6;	// slide from say mf up to f in one pattern's time
	if( tp->slidevol > -2 && voldelta > 15 ) voldelta = 15;	// never to much dynamics
	if( tp->slidevol > 0 ) vol += voldelta;
	else vol -= voldelta;
	if( vol < 2 ) vol = 2; // xmms divides this by 2....
	if( vol > 127 ) vol = 127;
	return vol;
}

static void abc_track_untie_short_chordnotes(ABCHANDLE *h)
{
	ABCTRACK *tp;
	int vn;
	tp = h->tp;
	vn = tp->vno;
	for( tp = h->track; tp; tp = tp->next )
		if( tp != h->tp && tp->vno == vn && tp->tienote ) {
			abc_message("short notes in chord can not be tied:\n%s", h->line);
			tp->tienote = 0;
		}
}

static void abc_track_clear_tiednote(ABCHANDLE *h)
{
	ABCTRACK *tp;
	int vn;
	tp = h->tp;
	vn = tp->vno;
	for( tp = h->track; tp; tp = tp->next )
		if( tp->vno == vn ) tp->tienote = 0;
}

static void abc_track_clear_tiedvpos(ABCHANDLE *h)
{
	ABCTRACK *tp;
	int vn;
	tp = h->tp;
	vn = tp->vno;
	for( tp = h->track; tp; tp = tp->next )
		if( tp->vno == vn ) tp->tiedvpos = tp->vpos;
}

static ABCTRACK *abc_track_with_note_tied(ABCHANDLE *h, ULONG tracktime, int n, int oct)
{
	int vn, vp;
	ABCTRACK *tp;
	ABCEVENT *e;
	tp = h->tp;
	vn = tp->vno;
	vp = tp->vpos;
	for( tp = h->track; tp; tp = tp->next ) {
		if( tp->vno == vn ) {
			e = tp->tienote;
			if( e && e->tracktick < tracktime
			&& e->par[octave] == oct && abs(e->par[note] - n) < 3 ) {
				if( tp->vpos != vp ) tp->tiedvpos = vp;
				h->tp = tp;
				return tp;
			}
		}
	}
	tp = h->tp;
	vp = tp->tiedvpos;
	if( tp->vpos != vp ) {
		// chord note track allready returned in previous call
		for( tp = h->track; tp; tp = tp->next ) {
			if( tp->vno == vn && tp->vpos == vp ) {
				tp->tiedvpos = h->tp->vpos;
				h->tp = tp;
				return tp;
			}
		}
	}
	return h->tp;
}

static int abc_add_noteon(ABCHANDLE *h, int ch, const char *p, ULONG tracktime, char *barkey, int vol, ABCEVENT_X_EFFECT fx, int fxop)
{
	ABCEVENT *e;
	ABCTRACK *tp;
	int i,j,k;
	int n,oct;
	char d[6];
	tp = h->tp;
	switch(ch) {
		case '^':
			if( p[0] == '^' ) {
				n = p[1];
				i = 2;
				ch = 'x';
			}
			else {
				n = p[0];
				i = 1;
			}
			break;
		case '_':
			if( p[0] == '_' ) {
				n = p[1];
				i = 2;
				ch = 'b';
			}
			else {
				n = p[0];
				i = 1;
			}
			break;
		case '=':
			n = p[0];
			i = 1;
			break;
		default:
			n = ch;
			i = 0;
			break;
	}
	for( k=0; k<51; k++ ) {
		if( n == barkey[k] )
			break;
	}
	j = k;
	if( k > 24 )
		k -= 25; // had something like A# over Bb key F signature....
	if( i ) {
		// propagate accidentals if necessary
		// DON'T do redundant accidentals they're always relative to C-scale
		for( k=0; k<25; k++ ) {
			if( n == sig[7][k] )
				break;
		}
		if( k < 25 ) { // only do real notes...
		switch(ch) {
			case 'x':
				k++;
			case '^':
				k++;
				break;
			case 'b':
				k--;
			case '_':
				k--;
				break;
			case '=':
						break;
				}
			if( j < 25 ) // was it not A# over Bb?
			barkey[j] = ' ';
			barkey[k] = n;
		}
	}
	oct = 3;	// ABC note pitch C is C4 and pitch c is C5
	if( k < 25 ) {
		k += tp->transpose;
		while( k > 12 ) {
			oct++;
			k -= 12;
		}
		while( k < 0 ) {
			oct--;
			k += 12;
		}
		d[note] = 23 + k;	// C0 is midi notenumber 24
	}
	else
		d[note] = 0; // someone has doen ^X3 or something like it...
	while( p[i] && strchr(",'",p[i]) ) {
		if( p[i]==',' ) oct--;
		else oct++;
		i++;
		tp->octave_shift = 0;	// forget we ever had to look at it
	}
	if( tp->octave_shift )
		tp->transpose += 12 * tp->octave_shift;
	oct += tp->octave_shift;
	tp->octave_shift = 0;	// after the first note we never have to look at it again
	if( oct < 0 ) oct = 0;
	if( oct > 9 ) oct = 9;
	d[octave]  = oct;
	d[smpno]   = pat_gmtosmp(tp->instr);
	d[volume]  = abc_dynamic_volume(tp, tracktime, vol);
	d[effect]  = fx; // effect
	d[effoper] = fxop;
	tp = abc_track_with_note_tied(h, tracktime, d[note], oct);
	if( tp->tienote ) {
		if( tp->tienote->par[note] != d[note] ) {
			if( abs(tp->tienote->par[note] - d[note]) < 3 ) {
				// may be tied over bar symbol, recover local accidental to barkey
				k = tp->tienote->par[note] - 23 - tp->transpose;
				while( k < 0 ) k += 12;
				while( k > 12 ) k -= 12;
				if( (isupper(n) && barkey[k+12] == ' ') || (islower(n) && barkey[k] == ' ') ) {
					barkey[j] = ' ';
					if( isupper(n) )
						barkey[k] = n;
					else
						barkey[k+12] = n;
					d[note]   = tp->tienote->par[note];
					d[octave] = tp->tienote->par[octave];
				}
			}
		}
	}
	if( tp->tienote
	&& tp->tienote->par[note]   == d[note]
	&& tp->tienote->par[octave] == d[octave] ) {
		for( e = tp->tienote; e; e = e->next ) {
			if( e->par[note] == 0 && e->par[octave] == 0 ) {	// undo noteoff
				e->flg = 1;
				e->cmd = cmdhide;
				e->lpar = 0;
				break;
			}
		}
		tp->tienote->tiednote = 1; // mark him for the pattern writers
		for( j=i; isdigit(p[j]) || p[j]=='/'; j++ ) ; // look ahead to see if this one is tied too
		if( p[j] != '-' ) // is this note tied too?
			tp->tienote = NULL; // if not the tie ends here...
		return i;
	}
	tp->tienote = NULL;
	if( tp->tail 
	&& tp->tail->tracktick == tracktime
	&& tp->tail->par[note]      == 0
	&& tp->tail->par[octave]    == 0 ) {
		for( j=0; j<6; j++ )
	    tp->tail->par[j]   = d[j];
	}
	else {
		e = abc_new_event(h, tracktime, d);
		abc_add_event(h, tp, e);
	}
	if( i > 0 && p[i-1] == '"' ) {
		i--; // someone coded a weird note like ^"E"
		abc_message("strange note encountered scanning %s", h->line);
	}
	return i;
}

static void abc_add_dronenote(ABCHANDLE *h, ABCTRACK *tp, ULONG tracktime, int nnum, int vol)
{
	ABCEVENT *e;
	int j,k;
	int oct;
	char d[6];
	oct = -1;	// ABC note pitch C is C4 and pitch c is C5
	k = nnum + 1;
	while( k > 12 ) {
		oct++;
		k -= 12;
	}
	while( k < 0 ) {
		oct--;
		k += 12;
	}
	if( oct < 0 ) oct = 0;
	d[note] = 23 + k;	// C0 is midi notenumber 24
	d[octave]  = oct;
	d[smpno]   = pat_gmtosmp(tp->instr);
	d[volume]  = abc_dynamic_volume(tp, tracktime, vol);
	d[effect]  = 0; // effect
	d[effoper] = 0;
	if( tp->tail 
	&& tp->tail->tracktick == tracktime
	&& tp->tail->par[note]      == 0
	&& tp->tail->par[octave]    == 0 ) {
		for( j=0; j<6; j++ )
	    tp->tail->par[j]   = d[j];
	}
	else {
		e = abc_new_event(h, tracktime, d);
		abc_add_event(h, tp, e);
	}
}

static void abc_add_chordnote(ABCHANDLE *h, ABCTRACK *tp, ULONG tracktime, int nnum, int vol)
{
	abc_add_dronenote(h, tp, tracktime, nnum + 23, tp->mute? 0: vol);
}

static void abc_add_drumnote(ABCHANDLE *h, ABCTRACK *tp, ULONG tracktime, int nnum, int vol)
{
	abc_add_dronenote(h, tp, tracktime, nnum, tp->mute? 0: vol);
}

static void abc_add_variant_start(ABCHANDLE *h, ABCTRACK *tp, ULONG tracktime, int n)
{
	ABCEVENT *e;
	char d[6];
	d[0] = d[1] =	d[2] = d[3] = d[4] = d[5] = 0;
	d[cmdflag] = 1;
	d[command] = cmdvariant;
	e = abc_new_event(h, tracktime, d);
	e->lpar = 1<<n;
	abc_add_event(h, tp, e);
}

static void abc_add_variant_choise(ABCTRACK *tp, int n)
{
  tp->tail->lpar |= 1<<n;
}

static void	abc_add_chord(const char *p, ABCHANDLE *h, ABCTRACK *tp, ULONG tracktime)
{
	ABCEVENT *e;
	char d[6];
	char s[8];
	int i;
	const char *n = " C D EF G A Bc d ef g a b";
	d[0] = d[1] =	d[2] = d[3] = d[4] = d[5] = 0;
	d[cmdflag] = 1;
	d[command] = cmdchord;
	if( p[0] == '(' ) p++;	// chord between parens like: (C)
	for( i=0; n[i]; i++ )
		if( *p == n[i] ) {
			d[chordnote] = i;
			break;
		}
	p++;
	switch(*p) {
		case 'b':
			d[chordnote]--;
			p++;
			break;
		case '#':
			d[chordnote]++;
			p++;
			break;
	}
	d[chordbase] = d[chordnote];
	for( i=0; p[i] && p[i] != '"' && p[i] != '/' && p[i] != '(' && p[i] != ')' && p[i] != ' '; i++ ) s[i] = p[i];
	s[i] = '\0';
	p = &p[i];
	if( *p=='/' ) {
		p++;
		for( i=0; n[i]; i++ )
			if( *p == n[i] ) {
				d[chordbase] = i;
				break;
			}
		p++;
		switch(*p) {
			case 'b':
				d[chordbase]--;
				p++;
				break;
			case '#':
				d[chordbase]++;
				p++;
				break;
		}
	}
	for( i=0; i<chordsnamed; i++ )
		if( !strcmp(s, chordname[i]) ) {
			d[chordnum] = i;
			break;
		}
	if( i==chordsnamed ) {
		abc_message("Failure: unrecognized chordname %s",s);
		return;
	}
	e = abc_new_event(h, tracktime, d);
	abc_add_event(h, tp, e);
}

static void abc_add_setloop(ABCHANDLE *h, ABCTRACK *tp, ULONG tracktime)
{
	ABCEVENT *e;
	char d[6];
	d[0] = d[1] =	d[2] = d[3] = d[4] = d[5] = 0;
	d[cmdflag] = 1;
	d[command] = cmdloop;
	e = abc_new_event(h, tracktime, d);
	abc_add_event(h, tp, e);
}

static void abc_fade_track(ABCTRACK *tp, ABCEVENT *e)
{
	while(e) {
		if( e->flg != 1 && e->par[note] != 0 )
			e->par[volume] = abc_dynamic_volume(tp, e->tracktick, e->par[volume]);
		e = e->next;
	}
}

static void abc_add_setjumploop(ABCHANDLE *h, ABCTRACK *tp, ULONG tracktime, ABCEVENT_JUMPTYPE j)
{
	ABCEVENT *e;
	char d[8];
	d[0] = d[1] =	d[2] = d[3] = d[4] = d[5] = 0;
	d[cmdflag] = 1;
	d[command] = cmdjump;
	d[jumptype] = j;
	e = abc_new_event(h, tracktime, d);
	abc_add_event(h, tp, e);
}

static void abc_add_sync(ABCHANDLE *h, ABCTRACK *tp, ULONG tracktime)
{
	ABCEVENT *e;
	char d[6];
	e = tp->tail;
	if( e && e->tracktick == tracktime ) return;
	if( e && e->flg == 1 && e->cmd == cmdsync ) {
		e->tracktick = tracktime;
		return;
	}
	d[0] = d[1] =	d[2] = d[3] = d[4] = d[5] = 0;
	d[cmdflag] = 1;
	d[command] = cmdsync;
	e = abc_new_event(h, tracktime, d);
	abc_add_event(h, tp, e);
}

static void abc_add_gchord_syncs(ABCHANDLE *h, ABCTRACK *tpc, ULONG tracktime)
{
	ABCTRACK *tp;
	int i;
	for( i = GCHORDBPOS; i < DRUMPOS; i++ ) {
		tp = abc_locate_track(h, tpc->v, i);
		abc_add_sync(h,tp,tracktime);
	}
}

static void abc_add_drum_sync(ABCHANDLE *h, ABCTRACK *tpr, ULONG tracktime)
{
	ABCTRACK *tp;
	tp = abc_locate_track(h, tpr->v, DRUMPOS);
	abc_add_sync(h,tp,tracktime);
}

static int abc_getnumber(const char *p, int *number)
{
	int i,h;
	i = 0;
	h = 0;
	while( isdigit(p[i]) ) {
		h = 10 * h + p[i] - '0';
		i++;
	}
	if( i==0 )
		*number = 1;
	else
		*number = h;
	return i;
}

static int abc_getexpr(const char *p, int *number)
{
	int i, term, total;
	i = 0;
	while( isspace(p[i]) )
		i++;
	if( p[i] == '(' ) {
		i += abc_getexpr(p+i+1, number);
		while( p[i] && (p[i] != ')') )
			i++;
		return i;
		}
	i += abc_getnumber(p+i, &total);
	while( isspace(p[i]) )
		i++;
	while( p[i] == '+' ) {
		i += abc_getexpr(p+i+1, &term);
		total += term;
		while( isspace(p[i]) )
			i++;
	}
	*number = total;
	return i;
}

static int abc_notelen(const char *p, int *len, int *div)
{
	int i,h,k;
	i = abc_getnumber(p,len);
	h = 1;
	while( p[i] == '/' ) {
		h *= 2;
		i++;
	}
	if( isdigit(p[i]) ) {
		h /= 2;
		i += abc_getnumber(p+i,&k);
	}
	else k = 1;
	*div = h * k;
	return i;
}

static int abc_brokenrithm(const char *p, int *nl, int *nd, int *b, int hornpipe)
{
	switch( *b ) {
		case '<':
			*nl *= 3;
			*nd *= 2;
			hornpipe = 0;
			break;
		case '>':
			*nd *= 2;
			hornpipe = 0;
			break;
	}
	*b = *p;
	switch( *b ) {
		case '>':
			*nl *= 3;
			*nd *= 2;
			return 1;
		case '<':
			*nd *= 2;
			return 1;
		default:
			*b = 0;
			break;
	}
	if( hornpipe ) { // still true then make 1/8 notes broken rithme
		if( *nl == 1 && *nd == 1 ) {
			*b = '>';
			*nl = 3;
			*nd = 2; 
		}
	}  
	return 0;
}

// put p notes in the time q for the next r notes
static int abc_tuplet(int *nl, int *nd, int p, int q, int r)
{
	if( !r ) return 0;
	*nl *= q;
	*nd *= p;
	return r - 1;
}

// evaluate [Q:"string" n1/m1 n2/m2 n3/m3 n4/m4=bpm "string"] 
// minimal form [Q:"string"]
// most used form [Q: 1/4=120]
static int abc_extract_tempo(const char *p, int invoice)
{
	int nl, nd, ns, in, tempo;
	int nl1=0, nd1, notes, state;
	const char *q;
	in = 0;
	nl = 0;
	nd = 1;
	ns = 120;
	notes = 0;
	state = 0;
	for( q=p; *q; q++ ) {
		if( in ) {
			if( *q=='"' )
				in = 0;
		}
		else {
			if( *q == ']' ) break;
			switch( *q ) {
				case '"':
					in = 1;
					break;
				case '/':
					notes++;
					state = 1;
					nl1 = ns;
					break;
				case '=':
					break;
				default:
					if( isdigit(*q) ) {
						if( state ) {
							q+=abc_getnumber(q,&nd1)-1;
							state = 0;
							nl = nl * nd1 + nl1 * nd;
							nd = nd * nd1;
						}
						else
							q+=abc_getnumber(q,&ns)-1;
					}
					break;
			}
		}
	}
	if( !notes ) {
		nl = 1;
		nd = 4;
	}
	if( !nd ) tempo = 120;
	else tempo = ns * nl * 4 / nd; // mod tempo is really BPM where one B is equal to a quartnote
	if( invoice ) {
		nl = global_tempo_factor;
		nd = global_tempo_divider;
	}
	global_tempo_factor = 1;
	global_tempo_divider = 1;
	while( tempo/global_tempo_divider > 255 )
		global_tempo_divider++;
	tempo /= global_tempo_divider;
	while( tempo * global_tempo_factor < 256 )
		global_tempo_factor++;
	global_tempo_factor--;
	tempo *= global_tempo_factor;
	if( tempo * 3 < 512 ) {
		global_tempo_factor *= 3;
		global_tempo_divider *= 2;
		tempo = (tempo * 3) / 2;
	}
	if( invoice ) {
		if( nl != global_tempo_factor || nd != global_tempo_divider ) {
			ns = (tempo * nl * global_tempo_divider) / (nd * global_tempo_factor);
			if( ns > 31 && ns < 256 ) {
				tempo = ns;
				global_tempo_factor = nl;
				global_tempo_divider = nd;
			}
			else
				abc_message("Failure: inconvenient tempo change in middle of voice (%s)", p);
		}
	}
	return tempo;
}

static void	abc_set_parts(char **d, char *p)
{
	int i,j,k,m,n;
	char *q;
#ifdef NEWMIKMOD
	static MM_ALLOC *h;
	if( *d )	_mmalloc_close(h);
#else
	if( *d )	free(*d);
#endif
	*d = 0;
	if( !p ) return;
	for( i=0; p[i] && p[i] != '%'; i++ ) {
		if( !strchr("ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ().0123456789 ",p[i]) ) {
			abc_message("invalid characters in part string scanning P:%s", p);
			return;
		}
	}
#ifdef NEWMIKMOD
	h = _mmalloc_create("Load_ABC_parts", NULL);
#endif
	// decode constructs like "((AB)2.(CD)2)3.(AB)E2" to "ABABCDCDABABCDCDABABCDCDABEE"
	// first compute needed storage...
	j=0;
	k=0;
	for( i=0; p[i] && p[i] != '%'; i++ ) {
		if( isupper(p[i]) ) {
			j++;
		}
		if( isdigit(p[i]) ) {
			n=abc_getnumber(p+i,&k);
			if( p[i-1] == ')' )
				j *= k;	// never mind multiple parens, just take the worst case
			else
				j += k-1;
			i += n-1;
		}
	}
	q = (char *)_mm_calloc(h, j+1, sizeof(char));	// enough storage for the worst case
	// now copy bytes from p to *d, taking parens and digits in account
	j = 0;
	for( i=0; p[i] && p[i] != '%'; i++ ) {
		if( isdigit(p[i]) || isupper(p[i]) || p[i] == '(' || p[i] == ')' ) {
			if( p[i] == ')' ) {
				for( n=j; n > 0 && q[n-1] != '('; n-- )	;	// find open paren in q
				// q[n+1] to q[j] contains the substring that must be repeated
				if( n > 0 ) {
					for( k = n; k<j; k++ ) q[k-1] = q[k];	// shift to the left...
					j--;
				}
				else
					abc_message("Warning: Unbalanced right parens in P: definition %s",p);
				n = j - n + 1;	// number of repeatable characters
				i += abc_getnumber(p+i+1,&k);
				while( k-- > 1 ) {
					for( m=0; m<n; m++ ) {
						q[j] = q[j-n];
						j++;
					}
				}
				continue;
			}
			if( isdigit(p[i]) ) {
				n = abc_getnumber(p+i,&k);
				i += n - 1;
				while( k-- > 1 ) {
					q[j] = q[j-1];
					j++;
				}
				continue;
			}
			q[j] = p[i];
			j++;
		}
	}
	q[j] = '\0';
	// remove any left over parens
	for( i=0; i<j; i++ ) {
		if( q[i] == '(' ) {
			abc_message("Warning: Unbalanced left parens in P: definition %s",p);
			for( k=i; k<j; k++ ) q[k] = q[k+1];
			j--;
		}
	}
	*d = q;
}

static void abc_appendpart(ABCHANDLE *h, ABCTRACK *tp, ULONG pt1, ULONG pt2)
{
	ABCEVENT *e, *ec;
	ULONG dt;
	dt = tp->tail->tracktick - pt1;
	for( e=tp->head; e && e->tracktick <= pt2; e=e->next ) {
		if( e->tracktick >= pt1 ) {
			if( e->flg != 1 || e->cmd == cmdsync || e->cmd == cmdchord ) {
				if( e != tp->tail ) {
					// copy this event at tail
					ec = abc_copy_event(h,e);
					ec->tracktick += dt;
					ec->part = '*';
					tp->tail->next = ec;
					tp->tail = ec;
				}
			}
		}
	}
	abc_add_sync(h, tp, pt2 + dt); // make sure there is progression...
}

static ULONG abc_pattracktime(ABCHANDLE *h, ULONG tracktime)
{
	ABCEVENT *e;
	ULONG dt,et,pt=abcticks(64 * h->speed);
	if(!h || !h->track || !h->track->head ) return 0;
	dt = 0;
	for( e=h->track->head; e && e->tracktick <= tracktime; e=e->next ) {
		if( e->flg == 1 && e->cmd == cmdpartbrk ) {
			et = e->tracktick + dt;
			if( et % pt ) {
				et += pt;
				et /= pt;
				et *= pt;
				dt = et - e->tracktick;
			}
		}
	}
	return (tracktime + dt);
}

static int abc_patno(ABCHANDLE *h, ULONG tracktime)
{
	return modticks(abc_pattracktime(h, tracktime)) / 64 / h->speed;
}

static void abc_stripoff(ABCHANDLE *h, ABCTRACK *tp, ULONG tt)
{
	ABCEVENT *e1, *e2;
	e2 = NULL;
	for( e1 = tp->head; e1 && e1->tracktick <= tt; e1=e1->next )
		e2 = e1;
	if( e2 ) {
		e1 = e2->next;
		tp->tail = e2;
		e2->next = NULL;
	}
	else {
		e1 = tp->tail;
		tp->head = NULL;
		tp->tail = NULL;
	}
	while( e1 ) {
		e2 = e1->next;
		_mm_free(h->trackhandle,e1);
		e1 = e2;
	}
}

static void abc_keeptiednotes(ABCHANDLE *h, ULONG fromtime, ULONG totime) {
	ABCTRACK *tp;
	ABCEVENT *e,*n,*f;
	if( totime <= fromtime ) return;
	for( tp=h->track; tp; tp=tp->next ) {
		if( tp->vno ) { // if track is in use...
			n = NULL;
			for( e=tp->head; e && e->tracktick < fromtime; e = e->next )
				if( e->flg != 1 ) n = e; // remember it when it is a note event
			if( n && n->tiednote ) { // we've a candidate to tie over the break
				while( e && e->tracktick < totime ) e=e->next; // skip to other part
				if( e && e->tracktick == totime ) { // if this is on begin row of this part
					f = NULL;
					while( !f && e && e->tracktick == totime ) {
						if( e->flg != 1 ) f = e;
						e = e->next;
					}
					if( f && f->par[note] ) { // pfoeie, we've found a candidate
						if( abs(n->par[note] - f->par[note]) < 3 ) { // undo the note on
							f->flg = 1;
							f->cmd = cmdhide;
							f->lpar = 0;
						}
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}
}

static ULONG abc_fade_tracks(ABCHANDLE *h, char *abcparts, ULONG ptt[27])
{
	ABCTRACK *tp;
	ABCEVENT *e0;
	char *p;
	int vol;
	ULONG pt1,pt2;
	ULONG tt;
	tt = h->track->tail->tracktick;
	for( tp=h->track->next; tp; tp=tp->next ) {
		if( !tp->tail ) abc_add_sync(h, tp, tt); // no empty tracks please...
		if( tp->tail->tracktick > tt ) abc_stripoff(h, tp, tt); // should not happen....
		if( tp->tail->tracktick < tt ) abc_add_sync(h, tp, tt);
	}
	for( tp=h->track; tp; tp=tp->next ) {
		vol = 127;
		e0 = tp->tail;
		if( tp->slidevol != -2 ) {
			tp->slidevol = -2;
			tp->slidevoltime = e0->tracktick;
		}
		tp->mute = 0; // unmute track for safety, notes in a muted track already have zero volume...
		while( vol > 5 ) {
			for( p=abcparts; *p && vol > 5; p++ ) {
				pt1 = ptt[*p-'A'];
				pt2 = ptt[*p-'A'+1];
				abc_appendpart(h, tp, pt1, pt2);
				vol = abc_dynamic_volume(tp, tp->tail->tracktick, 127);
			}
		}
		abc_fade_track(tp,e0);
	}
	return h->track->tail->tracktick;
}

static void abc_song_to_parts(ABCHANDLE *h, char **abcparts, BYTE partp[27][2])
{
	ULONG starttick;
	ABCEVENT *e;
	int i, fading, loop, normal, partno, partsegno, partloop, partcoda, parttocoda, partfine, skip, x, y;
	int vmask[27],nextp[27];
	ULONG ptt[27];
	char buf[256];	// must be enough, mod's cannot handle more than 240 patterns
	char *pfade;
	if( !h || !h->track || !h->track->capostart ) return;
	strcpy(buf,"A");	// initialize our temporary array
	i = 1;
	loop = 1;
	partno = 0;
	partsegno = 0;
	partloop = 0;
	partcoda = -1;
	parttocoda = -1;
	partfine = -1;
	starttick = h->track->capostart->tracktick;
	ptt[0] = starttick;
	vmask[0] = -1;
	nextp[0] = 1;
	for( e=h->track->capostart; e; e=e->next ) {
		if( e->flg == 1 ) {
			switch( e->cmd ) {
				case cmdpartbrk:
					if( e->tracktick > starttick) {
						starttick = e->tracktick;	// do not make empty parts
						if( partno < 26 ) {
							partno++;
							ptt[partno] = starttick;
						}
						if( i < 255 )	buf[i++] = partno+'A';
						vmask[partno] = -1;
						nextp[partno] = partno+1;
					}
					break;
				case cmdloop:
					partloop = partno;
					loop = 1; // start counting anew...
					break;
				case cmdvariant:
					vmask[partno] = e->lpar;
					break;
				case cmdjump:
					x = 0;
					fading = 0;
					normal = 0;
					skip   = 0;
					pfade  = &buf[i];
					switch( e->par[jumptype] ) {
						case jumpfade:
							fading = 1;
						case jumpnormal:
							normal = 1;
							x = partloop;
							loop++;
							break;
						case jumpdsfade:
							fading = 1;
						case jumpdasegno:
							x = partsegno;
							break;
						case jumpdcfade:
							fading = 1;
						case jumpdacapo:
							x = 0;
							break;
						default:
							x = 0;
							break;
					}
					if( vmask[partno] != -1 ) nextp[partno] = x;
					if( partno < 26 ) ptt[partno+1] = e->tracktick; // for handling ties over breaks
					while( x <= partno ) {
						if( skip == 1 && x == partcoda ) skip = 0;
						y = !skip;
						if( y ) {
							if( !normal ) {
								if( x == partfine ) skip = 2;
								if( x == parttocoda ) skip = 1;
								y = !skip;
							}  
							if( !(vmask[x] & (1<<loop)) ) y = 0;
						}
						if( y ) {
							if( i < 255 )	buf[i++] = x+'A';
							if( nextp[x] != x + 1 ) loop++;
							x = nextp[x];
						}
						else
							x++;
					}
					if( fading && partno < 26 && i < 255 ) {	// add single part with fading tracks
						partno++;
						ptt[partno] = e->tracktick;
						buf[i] = '\0'; // close up pfade with zero byte
						starttick = abc_fade_tracks(h, pfade, ptt);
						buf[i++] = partno+'A';
						partno++;
						ptt[…