/usr.bin/expand/expand.1

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  1. .\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1990, 1993
    2. 

  2. .\"	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
    3. 

  3. .\"
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  4. .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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  5. .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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  6. .\" are met:
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  7. .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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  8. .\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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  9. .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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  10. .\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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  11. .\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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  12. .\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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  13. .\"    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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  14. .\"    without specific prior written permission.
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  15. .\"
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  16. .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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  17. .\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
    18. 

  18. .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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  19. .\" ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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  20. .\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
    21. 

  21. .\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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  22. .\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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  23. .\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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  24. .\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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  25. .\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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  26. .\" SUCH DAMAGE.
    27. 

  27. .\"
    28. 

  28. .\"	@(#)expand.1	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/9/93
    29. 

  29. .\" $FreeBSD$
    30. 

  30. .\"
    31. 

  31. .Dd October 13, 2006
    32. 

  32. .Dt EXPAND 1
    33. 

  33. .Os
    34. 

  34. .Sh NAME
    35. 

  35. .Nm expand ,
    36. 

  36. .Nm unexpand
    37. 

  37. .Nd expand tabs to spaces, and vice versa
    38. 

  38. .Sh SYNOPSIS
    39. 

  39. .Nm
    40. 

  40. .Oo
    41. 

  41. .Fl t
    42. 

  42. .Sm off
    43. 

  43. .Ar tab1 , tab2 , ... , tabn
    44. 

  44. .Sm on
    45. 

  45. .Oc
    46. 

  46. .Op Ar
    47. 

  47. .Nm unexpand
    48. 

  48. .Oo
    49. 

  49. .Fl a | t
    50. 

  50. .Sm off
    51. 

  51. .Ar tab1 , tab2 , ... , tabn
    52. 

  52. .Sm on
    53. 

  53. .Oc
    54. 

  54. .Op Ar
    55. 

  55. .Sh DESCRIPTION
    56. 

  56. The
    57. 

  57. .Nm
    58. 

  58. utility processes the named files or the standard input writing
    59. 

  59. the standard output with tabs changed into blanks.
    60. 

  60. Backspace characters are preserved into the output and decrement
    61. 

  61. the column count for tab calculations.
    62. 

  62. The
    63. 

  63. .Nm
    64. 

  64. utility is useful for pre-processing character files
    65. 

  65. (before sorting, looking at specific columns, etc.) that
    66. 

  66. contain tabs.
    67. 

  67. .Pp
    68. 

  68. The
    69. 

  69. .Nm unexpand
    70. 

  70. utility puts tabs back into the data from the standard input or the named
    71. 

  71. files and writes the result on the standard output.
    72. 

  72. .Pp
    73. 

  73. The following options are available:
    74. 

  74. .Bl -tag -width indent
    75. 

  75. .It Fl a
    76. 

  76. .Nm ( unexpand
    77. 

  77. only.)
    78. 

  78. By default, only leading blanks and tabs
    79. 

  79. are reconverted to maximal strings of tabs.
    80. 

  80. If the
    81. 

  81. .Fl a
    82. 

  82. option is given, then tabs are inserted whenever they would compress the
    83. 

  83. resultant file by replacing two or more characters.
    84. 

  84. .It Fl t Sm Ar tab1 , tab2 , ... , tabn Sm
    85. 

  85. Set tab stops at column positions
    86. 

  86. .Ar tab1 , tab2 , ... , tabn .
    87. 

  87. If only a single number is given, tab stops are set that number of
    88. 

  88. column positions apart instead of the default number of 8.
    89. 

  89. .El
    90. 

  90. .Sh ENVIRONMENT
    91. 

  91. The
    92. 

  92. .Ev LANG , LC_ALL
    93. 

  93. and
    94. 

  94. .Ev LC_CTYPE
    95. 

  95. environment variables affect the execution of
    96. 

  96. .Nm
    97. 

  97. and
    98. 

  98. .Nm unexpand
    99. 

  99. as described in
    100. 

  100. .Xr environ 7 .
    101. 

  101. .Sh EXIT STATUS
    102. 

  102. .Ex -std expand unexpand
    103. 

  103. .Sh STANDARDS
    104. 

  104. The
    105. 

  105. .Nm
    106. 

  106. and
    107. 

  107. .Nm unexpand
    108. 

  108. utilities conform to
    109. 

  109. .St -p1003.1-2001 .
    110. 

  110. .Sh HISTORY
    111. 

  111. The
    112. 

  112. .Nm
    113. 

  113. command appeared in
    114. 

  114. .Bx 3.0 .
    115.