/release/doc/ru_RU.KOI8-R/installation/common/trouble.sgml

https://bitbucket.org/freebsd/freebsd-head/ · Unknown · 389 lines · 357 code · 32 blank · 0 comment · 0 complexity · a9136b03b36999e60037144b49bcc193 MD5 · raw file

  1. <!--
  2. The FreeBSD Russian Documentation Project
  3. $FreeBSD$
  4. $FreeBSDru: frdp/release/doc/ru_RU.KOI8-R/installation/common/trouble.sgml,v 1.5 2005/06/30 11:12:32 den Exp $
  5. Original revision: 1.19
  6. This file contains the comments of the old TROUBLE.TXT file.
  7. -->
  8. <sect1 id="trouble">
  9. <title>??????? ???????</title>
  10. <sect2 id="repairing">
  11. <title>?????????????? ???????????? ????????? &os;</title>
  12. <para>&os; ????????????? ????? <quote>fixit</quote> ? ??????? ????
  13. ????????? ????????? &man.sysinstall.8;. ????? ?????????
  14. ????????? ??????, ?? ??????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ???????
  15. ??????? &os;; ??? ????? ??????? ??? ?????????????? ??? ???????
  16. ??????? ???????????? ????????? &os;. ??? ????????????? ??????
  17. fixit ??? ??????????? ???? ??????? <filename>fixit.flp</filename>,
  18. ????????? ????? ?? ???????, ??? ? ??????????? ???????, ???
  19. ???????-???? ? <quote>live filesystem</quote>. ? ?????????????
  20. ??????? &os;, ????? live filesystem ?????? ????????? ?? ????? ?
  21. ??????????. ???????? ????????, ??? ??? ????????????? ??????
  22. fixit ????????? ????????? ???? ?????????? ?????????????????
  23. UNIX.</para>
  24. <para>???? ??? ??????????? ??????? ????? ? ????? fixit. ????????????,
  25. ??????? ????? ??????????? ? ????????????? ???????-????? &os;,
  26. ????? ??????????????? ??????? <quote>fixit</quote> ?? ????????
  27. ???? &man.sysinstall.8;. ????? ????? ??????? ?????
  28. ????? ???? <quote>CDROM/DVD</quote>.</para>
  29. <para>?????????????, ??????? ?? ????? ??????????? ? ???????-?????,
  30. ?? ????? ??????????? ? ??????, ??????????? ????????? ????????? ??????
  31. ?????. ? ?????????? ? ???????? <filename>boot.flp</filename> ?
  32. <filename>kern<replaceable>X</replaceable>.flp</filename>,
  33. ??????????? ??? ?????????, ???????? ???????
  34. <filename>fixit.flp</filename>, ??? ?? ????????, ??? ? ??????
  35. ???????. ???????? ??????????? ?? ???????? ????????? ?????????
  36. ? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ? ???? &man.sysinstall.8;. ????? ?????
  37. ???????? ????? <quote>fixit</quote> ?? ???????? ????
  38. &man.sysinstall.8;. ????? ???????? ????? <quote>Floppy</quote>
  39. ? ???????? ??????? <filename>fixit.flp</filename>, ?????
  40. ???????? ??????????????? ???????????.</para>
  41. <para>?????????? ???????-????? ? ??????? ??????, ?? ?? ?????????.
  42. ? ????? ??????? ??????????????? ????????? ?????? ? ???????
  43. ?????? ??? ????????, ?????????????? ???????? ?????? ? ??
  44. ???????????. ?????? ?? ???????-????? ????????????? ???????????
  45. live filesystem ???? ????? ?????? ? ????????, ????????? ? ???????
  46. ??????? &os;. ?? ??????? ????????? ???????????? ?????
  47. ??????, ?????????? ??????????? ?? ??????.</para>
  48. <para>? ?????? ?? ???????, ????????? ??????? ????? ?????????? ?
  49. ???????? <filename>/stand</filename>, ???
  50. <filename>/mnt2/stand</filename>. ? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????, ?? ??
  51. ????????? ????? ?????????? ? ???????? <filename>/stand</filename>
  52. ??? <filename>/mnt2/rescue</filename> (?????? ? ??????? ???????????
  53. ?? live filesystem, ??????? ??????????? ?
  54. <filename>/mnt</filename>).</para>
  55. </sect2>
  56. <sect2>
  57. <title>????????, ? ???????? ???????? ????? ???????????? ????????????
  58. ??????????? &arch.print;</title>
  59. <qandaset arch="i386">
  60. <qandaentry>
  61. <question>
  62. <para>??? ??????? ????????? ??? ???????????? ????????????,
  63. ??? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ????????, ??? ????????
  64. ?? ???????????.</para>
  65. </question>
  66. <answer>
  67. <para>&os; 5.0 ? ???? ?????????? ????????? ?????? ACPI ?????????
  68. i386, amd64 ? ia64 ??? ????????? ????????? ????????????, ???? ???? ??????
  69. ????????? ?? ????? ????????. ? ?????????, ? ???????? ACPI,
  70. ??????????? ?????? ? BIOS ??? ??? ???????????? ????????? ??????.
  71. ????????????? ACPI ????? ???? ????????? ??????????
  72. ?????????? <quote>hint.acpi.0.disabled</quote> ?? ???????
  73. ?????? ????????:</para>
  74. <screen>set hint.acpi.0.disabled="1"</screen>
  75. <para>??? ?????????? ???????????? ?? ????? ????????, ???????
  76. ?????????? ???????? <literal>hint.acpi.0.disabled="1"</literal>
  77. ? ???? <filename>/boot/loader.conf</filename>. ??????????
  78. ?????????? ?? ?????????? ????????? ? ??????????? &os;.</para>
  79. </answer>
  80. </qandaentry>
  81. <qandaentry arch="i386,pc98,alpha,sparc64">
  82. <question>
  83. <para>ISA ??????????, ?????????????? ? ?????????? ???????
  84. &os;, ?????? ?? ????????????. ??? ??????????</para>
  85. </question>
  86. <answer>
  87. <para>????????? ???????? ?????????, ????? ??? matcd, ???? ???????
  88. ?????????? ?????????? ????????? ??? ?? ?????? ????????. ??????
  89. ??? ??? ????????????, ?? ?????????, ????????? ???????? ????????
  90. ??? ???????????? ?????????. ????????? ???????? ISA ?????????
  91. ???????? ? ??? ????????? ? ????? ???? ????? ???????? ?? ???????
  92. ?????? ????????: aha, ahv, aic, bt, ed, cs, sn, ie, fe, le, ? lnc.
  93. ??? ?? ????????? ?????????? ????????? ?? ????? 10-?? ??????????
  94. ??????? ? ??????? ? ???????????:</para>
  95. <screen>unset hint.foo.0.disabled</screen>
  96. <para>??? <replaceable>foo</replaceable> ??? ??? ????????, ???????
  97. ????????? ????????. ??? ?????????? ????? ???? ????????? ?????????
  98. ????? ?????????????? ????? <filename>/boot/device.hints</filename>
  99. ? ???????? ??????????????? ?????? <quote>disabled</quote>.</para>
  100. </answer>
  101. </qandaentry>
  102. <qandaentry>
  103. <question>
  104. <para>????? ????????? &os; ? ?????? ??? ?????????? ? ????????
  105. ?????, ???? ??????????? ? ????????? ??????????, ?? ???????????????
  106. ? ?????????? ????:</para>
  107. <screen>changing root device to ad1s1a panic: cannot mount root</screen>
  108. <para>??? ?? ???? ??? ? ???? ????????</para>
  109. <para>??? ?? ??????
  110. <literal>bios_drive:interface(unit,partition)kernel_name</literal>,
  111. ???????????? ? boot help?</para>
  112. </question>
  113. <answer>
  114. <para>??? ????? ???????????? ????????, ??????????? ????
  115. ??????????? ???? ?? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???????.
  116. BIOS ?????????? ????? ????????? ??????, ???????????? ??
  117. ????????? ? &os;, ? ?????????? ????????????? ???? ???????
  118. &mdash; ??????? ??????.</para>
  119. <para>? ??????, ????? ??????????? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ???????,
  120. &os; ????????? ????????? ?????? ????? ????? ???. ??????????
  121. ??? ???????????????? ????????, ? ? ????? ??? ???????????
  122. ???????? &os; ??? ????????? ???????? ???????? ???????.
  123. ???????? ???, ?????? ????? ????? ? BIOS, ??? ????? ? ?????
  124. ????? ????? ???? ? &os;.</para>
  125. <para>? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??? IDE ?????, ?????? ????????
  126. ??? ???????? ?? ????? ???? IDE, ? ????????? &os; ????? ?? ???????
  127. ?????. BIOS ????? ?? ??? ???? 0 ? ???? 1, ? &os; ????? ??
  128. ??? <devicename>ad0</devicename>
  129. <devicename>ad2</devicename>.</para>
  130. <para>&os; ????????? ?? ????? 1 ?? ????????? BIOS, ???
  131. <literal>ad</literal> ? &os; ????????? ????? 2, ????????:</para>
  132. <screen><userinput>1:ad(2,a)kernel</userinput></screen>
  133. <para>???????? ????????, ??? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ?????????
  134. ????, ??????????????? ?????? ?? ????? (? ???????).</para>
  135. <para>?????? ???????? ????????? ? ???????? ?? SCSI ?????,
  136. ????? ? ??????? ??????? ???? ??? ????? IDE ??????.
  137. ? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ? &os; ??????, ??? ????? ?????
  138. ? BIOS. ???? ? ??? ???? ??? IDE ????? ? SCSI ????,
  139. ? BIOS ???? SCSI ????? ??? ??????? ???; ????????
  140. <literal>da</literal> ? &os; ????? ????? 0, ?.?.:</para>
  141. <screen><userinput>2:da(0,a)kernel</userinput></screen>
  142. <para>????? ???????? &os;, ??? ?? ?????? ??????????? ? ?????
  143. BIOS ????? 2, ?????????? ?????? SCSI ?????? ???????.
  144. ???? ? ??? ?????? ???? IDE ????, ??????????? ?????? ?????
  145. <quote>1:</quote>.</para>
  146. <para>??? ?????? ?? ?????????? ????????, ??????? ??????????
  147. ????????????, ????????? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ??, ??? ???
  148. ??????????, ? ???? <filename>/boot.config</filename>,
  149. ????????? ??????????? ????????? ????????. ???? ?? ?????
  150. ?????? ????????, &os; ?????????? ?????????? ????? ?????
  151. ? ???????? ?????? ?? ????????? ?? ???????????
  152. <literal>boot:</literal>.</para>
  153. </answer>
  154. </qandaentry>
  155. <qandaentry>
  156. <question>
  157. <para>? ??????? ?????? ???????? ? ???????? ????? ????? ?????????
  158. &os;, ?? Boot Manager ?????????? ? ???? ???????? ??????
  159. <literal>F?</literal> ? ???????? ???????????????.</para>
  160. </question>
  161. <answer>
  162. <para>??? ????????? &os; ????????? ???????? ????? ?
  163. Partition editor ???? ??????? ???????????. ????????? ?
  164. Partition editor ? ??????? ?????????? ????????? ????????
  165. ?????. ?? ?????? ?????????????? &os; ??? ??? ?????
  166. ???????? ?????????? ?????????.</para>
  167. <para>???? ?? ?? ?????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????????,
  168. ??? ?????????: ???????? ????????? ?????? DOS ? ?????? ?????
  169. ? ?????????? &os; ????? ????. ????????? ????????? ??????
  170. ?????? DOS ? ????????? ?????????? ?????????? ????????? ??
  171. ????, ?????? ??? ????????.</para>
  172. <para>????????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????????????, ?? ????????
  173. ??? ??????????:</para>
  174. <blockquote>
  175. <para>???? ?? ???????????? ?????????? ?????? &os; ??? ???????
  176. ???????, ?? ??????? ??? (? ???????) ?? ???????????
  177. ????????????? ? DOS, Linux ??? ?????? ???????????? ????????,
  178. ?? ?????? ????? ???????????? ???????? ?????????????
  179. ????? ????? (<quote>A</quote> ? ????????? ????????),
  180. ??? ????????????? ????????, ????? &os; ???????? ???? ????,
  181. ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ???????. ??? ??????????
  182. ? ????????? ?? ????? ???????????, ?? ????????????? ????? ??????
  183. ??????????, ????????? ? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ????
  184. ?????? ???????????? ???????.</para>
  185. </blockquote>
  186. </answer>
  187. </qandaentry>
  188. <qandaentry arch="i386">
  189. <question>
  190. <para>??????? &man.mcd.4; ???????, ??? ????? ?????????? ?
  191. ?????? ?????? ????? Intel EtherExpress.</para>
  192. </question>
  193. <answer>
  194. <para>?????????? ?????????? <quote>hint.mcd.0.disabled="1"</quote>
  195. ? <quote>hint.mcd.1.disabled="1"</quote> ?? ??????? ??????
  196. ?????????? ??? ?????? ????????????
  197. ????????? <devicename>mcd0</devicename> ?
  198. <devicename>mcd1</devicename>. ?????? ??????, ?? ??????
  199. ???????? ??????????? ?????? ?? ??????????, ???????
  200. ?? ?????? ????????????.</para>
  201. </answer>
  202. </qandaentry>
  203. <qandaentry>
  204. <question>
  205. <para>??????? ??????? ????? &man.ed.4; ?? ? ????????? ????????
  206. ?????? device timeout.</para>
  207. </question>
  208. <answer>
  209. <para>????????, ????? ????????? ?? ?? ??? IRQ, ???????
  210. ??????? ? ????? <filename>/boot/device.hints</filename>.
  211. ??????? ed ?? ????????? ??
  212. ?????????? <quote>???????????</quote> ???????????? (????????,
  213. ???????? ? ??????? EZSETUP ? DOS), ?? ?? ????? ????????????
  214. ??????????? ?????????, ???? ?? ??????? <literal>-1</literal> ?
  215. ?????? ??????????.</para>
  216. <para>??? ??????????? ????????? ?? ????? ??? ???????? ???????
  217. ???????? (??????? ????????? ???? ???? ???????????), ???
  218. ??????? IRQ <literal>-1</literal> ????? ?????????
  219. <quote>hint.ed.0.irq="-1"</quote>. ??? ??????
  220. ???? ???????????? ??????????? ????????????.</para>
  221. <para>????????, ???? ????? ????????? ?? IRQ 9, ??????? ?????????
  222. ???????????? ? IRQ 2, ??? ????? ???????? ???????? (????????
  223. ???? ???? VGA ????? ?????????? IRQ 2!). ?? ?? ?????? ????????????
  224. IRQ 2 ??? 9 ???? ??? ????????.</para>
  225. </answer>
  226. </qandaentry>
  227. <qandaentry arch="i386">
  228. <question>
  229. <para>? ???????? ? ???????????? ??????? ?????? IBM ThinkPad (tm)
  230. ? ?????????? ???????? ???????????.</para>
  231. </question>
  232. <answer>
  233. <para>?????? ??????? IBM ?????????? ????????????? ??????????
  234. ??????????, ??????? ?? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??????????
  235. (atkbd0) ??????? ? ??????????? ?????, ?????????? ??
  236. ThinkPad. ?????????? ???? <quote>hint.atkbd.0.flags="4"</quote>
  237. ? ??? ?????? ?????????? ???????.</para>
  238. </answer>
  239. </qandaentry>
  240. <qandaentry arch="i386,pc98,alpha,sparc64">
  241. <question>
  242. <para>??? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ????? Intel EtherExpress 16.</para>
  243. </question>
  244. <answer>
  245. <para>?? ?????? ????????? ????? Intel EtherExpress 16 ?? ???????????
  246. ? ?????? ? ?????? 0xD0000, ? ?????????? ????? ????????????
  247. ?????? ? 32K ????????? ???????????? Intel ?????????
  248. <filename>softset.exe</filename>.</para>
  249. </answer>
  250. </qandaentry>
  251. <qandaentry arch="i386">
  252. <question>
  253. <para>??? ????????? ?? EISA HP Netserver, ?????????? SCSI
  254. ?????????? AIC-7xxx ?? ??????????????.</para>
  255. </question>
  256. <answer>
  257. <para>??? ????????? ????????, ??? ???????? ????? ??????????
  258. ? ???????. ??? ????, ????? ?????? ?????????? ???????,
  259. ?????????? ???? <quote>hw.eisa_slots="12"</quote> ??
  260. ??????? ?????? ??????????.</para>
  261. </answer>
  262. </qandaentry>
  263. <qandaentry arch="i386">
  264. <question>
  265. <para>? ???? ????????? Panasonic AL-N1 ??? Rios Chandler Pentium
  266. ? ??????? ????????? ?? ????? ?????????.</para>
  267. </question>
  268. <answer>
  269. <para>??? ????????? ?? ???????? ????? ???
  270. <literal>i586_copyout</literal> ?
  271. <literal>i586_copyin</literal>. ?????????? ????
  272. <quote>hint.npx.0.flags="1"</quote>.</para>
  273. </answer>
  274. </qandaentry>
  275. <qandaentry>
  276. <question>
  277. <para>? ???? ???? CMD640 IDE ?????????? ? ?? ?? ????????.</para>
  278. </question>
  279. <answer>
  280. <para>&os; ?? ???????????? ???? ??????????.</para>
  281. </answer>
  282. </qandaentry>
  283. <qandaentry arch="i386">
  284. <question>
  285. <para>??? ????????? ? ?????? ?? ???????? Compaq Aero, ? ???????
  286. ????????? <quote>No floppy devices found! Please check
  287. ...</quote>.</para>
  288. </question>
  289. <answer>
  290. <para>Compaq ??????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ??????, ??? ??
  291. ?????????? ?????? ???? ? CMOS RAM ???????? Aero.
  292. ?????????????, ??????? ????????? ???????, ??? ???
  293. ???????????? ??????????. ?????????? ????
  294. <quote>hint.fdc.0.flags="1"</quote>.
  295. ??? ???????? ???????? ???????? ? ??????? ???????
  296. ????????? (??? 1.44 MB ????) ??? ??????? ? CMOS.</para>
  297. </answer>
  298. </qandaentry>
  299. <qandaentry arch="i386">
  300. <question>
  301. <para>??? ????????? ?? Dell Poweredge XE,
  302. RAID ?????????? Dell DSA (Dell SCSI Array) ??
  303. ????????????.</para>
  304. </question>
  305. <answer>
  306. <para>????????? DSA ??? ????????????? AHA-1540 ???????? ?????
  307. ??????? ????????? EISA. ????? ????? &os; ?????????
  308. DSA ??? Adaptec AHA-1540 SCSI ?????????? ? irq 11 ?
  309. ?????? 340. ? ?????? ???????? ??????? ????? ????????????
  310. DSA RAID ?????, ?? ?? ?? ??????? ???????????? ???????????
  311. ??????????? DSA, ???????? ?????????? ?? ?????????? RAID.</para>
  312. </answer>
  313. </qandaentry>
  314. <qandaentry>
  315. <question>
  316. <para>? ???? ???? IBM EtherJet PCI ?????, ??? ?????????
  317. ???????????? ????????? &man.fxp.4;, ?? ?????????? ??
  318. ????? ?? ?????????? ? ??????????? ? ???? ???.</para>
  319. </question>
  320. <answer>
  321. <para>?? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ?????????. IBM ???? ?? ?????
  322. (?? ?????????? ??). ??? ????? &mdash; ???????????
  323. Intel EtherExpress Pro/100 ? ????????? IBM, ? ??? ?????
  324. ?????? ????????? ????????. ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ????????
  325. ?????? ? ????????? IBM Netfinity ????????. ????????????
  326. ???????? ???????? ????????? ??????? Ethernet ????????.</para>
  327. </answer>
  328. </qandaentry>
  329. <qandaentry arch="i386">
  330. <question>
  331. <para>????? ? ?????????? ???? ?? ????? ????????? ?? IBM Netfinity
  332. 3500, ??????? ?????????.</para>
  333. </question>
  334. <answer>
  335. <para>??? ???????? ? ?????????? Ethernet ?
  336. Netfinity 3500, ??????? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????.
  337. ??? ????? ?????????? ? ???????????? ????????? SMP ?
  338. ???? ???????. ??? ??????????? ?????????? ??????
  339. Ethernet ??????? ? ????????????? ????? ??????? ?????????
  340. ??????????? ????????.</para>
  341. </answer>
  342. </qandaentry>
  343. <qandaentry>
  344. <question>
  345. <para>????? ? ???????????? ??????? ?? ????, ??????????? Mylex PCI
  346. RAID ????????????, ??????? ?? ????? ??????????? (????????,
  347. ? ?????????? <literal>read error</literal>).</para>
  348. </question>
  349. <answer>
  350. <para>??? ?????? ? ???????? Mylex, ??????? ???????? ? ?????????????
  351. ????????? ? BIOS ?????? ????????? <quote>8GB</quote>.
  352. ??????????? ????? 2GB.</para>
  353. </answer>
  354. </qandaentry>
  355. </qandaset>
  356. </sect2>
  357. </sect1>