/question/type/random/questiontype.php

<?php
// This file is part of Moodle - http://moodle.org/
//
// Moodle is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
//
// Moodle is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
// GNU General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
// along with Moodle.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

/**
 * Question type class for the random question type.
 *
 * @package    qtype
 * @subpackage random
 * @copyright  1999 onwards Martin Dougiamas  {@link http://moodle.com}
 * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
 */


defined('MOODLE_INTERNAL') || die();

require_once($CFG->dirroot . '/question/type/questiontypebase.php');


/**
 * The random question type.
 *
 * This question type does not have a question definition class, nor any
 * renderers. When you load a question of this type, it actually loads a
 * question chosen randomly from a particular category in the question bank.
 *
 * @copyright  1999 onwards Martin Dougiamas  {@link http://moodle.com}
 * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
 */
class qtype_random extends question_type {
    /** @var string comma-separated list of qytpe names not to select, can be used in SQL. */
    protected $excludedqtypes = null;

    /** @var string comma-separated list of manually graded qytpe names, can be used in SQL. */
    protected $manualqtypes = null;

    /**
     * Cache of availabe question ids from a particular category.
     * @var array two-dimensional array. The first key is a category id, the
     * second key is wether subcategories should be included.
     */
    private $availablequestionsbycategory = array();

    public function menu_name() {
        // Don't include this question type in the 'add new question' menu.
        return false;
    }

    public function is_manual_graded() {
        return true;
    }

    public function is_usable_by_random() {
        return false;
    }

    public function is_question_manual_graded($question, $otherquestionsinuse) {
        global $DB;
        // We take our best shot at working whether a particular question is manually
        // graded follows: We look to see if any of the questions that this random
        // question might select if of a manually graded type. If a category contains
        // a mixture of manual and non-manual questions, and if all the attempts so
        // far selected non-manual ones, this will give the wrong answer, but we
        // don't care. Even so, this is an expensive calculation!
        $this->init_qtype_lists();
        if (!$this->manualqtypes) {
            return false;
        }
        if ($question->questiontext) {
            $categorylist = question_categorylist($question->category);
        } else {
            $categorylist = array($question->category);
        }
        list($qcsql, $qcparams) = $DB->get_in_or_equal($categorylist);
        // TODO use in_or_equal for $otherquestionsinuse and $this->manualqtypes.
        return $DB->record_exists_select('question',
                "category {$qcsql}
                     AND parent = 0
                     AND hidden = 0
                     AND id NOT IN ($otherquestionsinuse)
                     AND qtype IN ($this->manualqtypes)", $qcparams);
    }

    /**
     * This method needs to be called before the ->excludedqtypes and
     *      ->manualqtypes fields can be used.
     */
    protected function init_qtype_lists() {
        if (!is_null($this->excludedqtypes)) {
            return; // Already done.
        }
        $excludedqtypes = array();
        $manualqtypes = array();
        foreach (question_bank::get_all_qtypes() as $qtype) {
            $quotedname = "'" . $qtype->name() . "'";
            if (!$qtype->is_usable_by_random()) {
                $excludedqtypes[] = $quotedname;
            } else if ($qtype->is_manual_graded()) {
                $manualqtypes[] = $quotedname;
            }
        }
        $this->excludedqtypes = implode(',', $excludedqtypes);
        $this->manualqtypes = implode(',', $manualqtypes);
    }

    public function get_question_options($question) {
        parent::get_question_options($question);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * Random questions always get a question name that is Random (cateogryname).
     * This function is a centralised place to calculate that, given the category.
     * @param stdClass $category the category this question picks from. (Only ->name is used.)
     * @param bool $includesubcategories whether this question also picks from subcategories.
     * @param string[] $tagnames Name of tags this question picks from.
     * @return string the name this question should have.
     */
    public function question_name($category, $includesubcategories, $tagnames = []) {
        $categoryname = '';
        if ($category->parent && $includesubcategories) {
            $stringid = 'randomqplusname';
            $categoryname = shorten_text($category->name, 100);
        } else if ($category->parent) {
            $stringid = 'randomqname';
            $categoryname = shorten_text($category->name, 100);
        } else if ($includesubcategories) {
            $context = context::instance_by_id($category->contextid);

            switch ($context->contextlevel) {
                case CONTEXT_MODULE:
                    $stringid = 'randomqplusnamemodule';
                    break;
                case CONTEXT_COURSE:
                    $stringid = 'randomqplusnamecourse';
                    break;
                case CONTEXT_COURSECAT:
                    $stringid = 'randomqplusnamecoursecat';
                    $categoryname = shorten_text($context->get_context_name(false), 100);
                    break;
                case CONTEXT_SYSTEM:
                    $stringid = 'randomqplusnamesystem';
                    break;
                default: // Impossible.
            }
        } else {
            // No question will ever be selected. So, let's warn the teacher.
            $stringid = 'randomqnamefromtop';
        }

        if ($tagnames) {
            $stringid .= 'tags';
            $a = new stdClass();
            if ($categoryname) {
                $a->category = $categoryname;
            }
            $a->tags = implode(',', array_map(function($tagname) {
                return explode(',', $tagname)[1];
            }, $tagnames));
        } else {
            $a = $categoryname ? : null;
        }

        $name = get_string($stringid, 'qtype_random', $a);

        return shorten_text($name, 255);
    }

    protected function set_selected_question_name($question, $randomname) {
        $a = new stdClass();
        $a->randomname = $randomname;
        $a->questionname = $question->name;
        $question->name = get_string('selectedby', 'qtype_random', $a);
    }

    public function save_question($question, $form) {
        global $DB;

        $form->name = '';
        list($category) = explode(',', $form->category);

        if (!$form->includesubcategories) {
            if ($DB->record_exists('question_categories', ['id' => $category, 'parent' => 0])) {
                // The chosen category is a top category.
                $form->includesubcategories = true;
            }
        }

        $form->tags = array();

        if (empty($form->fromtags)) {
            $form->fromtags = array();
        }

        $form->questiontext = array(
            'text'   => $form->includesubcategories ? '1' : '0',
            'format' => 0
        );

        // Name is not a required field for random questions, but
        // parent::save_question Assumes that it is.
        return parent::save_question($question, $form);
    }

    public function save_question_options($question) {
        global $DB;

        // No options, as such, but we set the parent field to the question's
        // own id. Setting the parent field has the effect of hiding this
        // question in various places.
        $updateobject = new stdClass();
        $updateobject->id = $question->id;
        $updateobject->parent = $question->id;

        // We also force the question name to be 'Random (categoryname)'.
        $category = $DB->get_record('question_categories',
                array('id' => $question->category), '*', MUST_EXIST);
        $updateobject->name = $this->question_name($category, $question->includesubcategories, $question->fromtags);
        return $DB->update_record('question', $updateobject);
    }

    /**
     * During unit tests we need to be able to reset all caches so that each new test starts in a known state.
     * Intended for use only for testing. This is a stop gap until we start using the MUC caching api here.
     * You need to call this before every test that loads one or more random questions.
     */
    public function clear_caches_before_testing() {
        $this->availablequestionsbycategory = array();
    }

    /**
     * Get all the usable questions from a particular question category.
     *
     * @param int $categoryid the id of a question category.
     * @param bool whether to include questions from subcategories.
     * @param string $questionsinuse comma-separated list of question ids to
     *      exclude from consideration.
     * @return array of question records.
     */
    public function get_available_questions_from_category($categoryid, $subcategories) {
        if (isset($this->availablequestionsbycategory[$categoryid][$subcategories])) {
            return $this->availablequestionsbycategory[$categoryid][$subcategories];
        }

        $this->init_qtype_lists();
        if ($subcategories) {
            $categoryids = question_categorylist($categoryid);
        } else {
            $categoryids = array($categoryid);
        }

        $questionids = question_bank::get_finder()->get_questions_from_categories(
                $categoryids, 'qtype NOT IN (' . $this->excludedqtypes . ')');
        $this->availablequestionsbycategory[$categoryid][$subcategories] = $questionids;
        return $questionids;
    }

    public function make_question($questiondata) {
        return $this->choose_other_question($questiondata, array());
    }

    /**
     * Load the definition of another question picked randomly by this question.
     * @param object       $questiondata the data defining a random question.
     * @param array        $excludedquestions of question ids. We will no pick any question whose id is in this list.
     * @param bool         $allowshuffle      if false, then any shuffle option on the selected quetsion is disabled.
     * @param null|integer $forcequestionid   if not null then force the picking of question with id $forcequestionid.
     * @throws coding_exception
     * @return question_definition|null the definition of the question that was
     *      selected, or null if no suitable question could be found.
     */
    public function choose_other_question($questiondata, $excludedquestions, $allowshuffle = true, $forcequestionid = null) {
        $available = $this->get_available_questions_from_category($questiondata->category,
                !empty($questiondata->questiontext));
        shuffle($available);

        if ($forcequestionid !== null) {
            $forcedquestionkey = array_search($forcequestionid, $available);
            if ($forcedquestionkey !== false) {
                unset($available[$forcedquestionkey]);
                array_unshift($available, $forcequestionid);
            } else {
                throw new coding_exception('thisquestionidisnotavailable', $forcequestionid);
            }
        }

        foreach ($available as $questionid) {
            if (in_array($questionid, $excludedquestions)) {
                continue;
            }

            $question = question_bank::load_question($questionid, $allowshuffle);
            $this->set_selected_question_name($question, $questiondata->name);
            return $question;
        }
        return null;
    }

    public function get_random_guess_score($questiondata) {
        return null;
    }
}