/src/ENDINGS
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- CPAN/ENDINGS
- ---
- FUNNY FILE ENDINGS AND WHAT TO DO ABOUT THEM
- The files in the CPAN have all kinds of curious endings (the parts
- after dots) and one must know what to do about them. The tools you
- need to run are marked like "this", inside double quotes, in the
- below list. Because CPAN is not just one place we cannot point
- you explicitly to the tools for your particular system, you have to
- locate them for your system, sorry. Try out whether your system
- already has them installed. If not, ask your local user support
- and/or search for them via the WWW search engines or the archie.
- In Win32 (95/98/NT/W2K) "WinZip" should be able to unpack the most
- usual archival and compression formats.
- In MacIntosh StuffIt should work.
- Archives and/or Compressed/Packed
- .tar Tape ARchive (never mind the 'tape' part, historical reasons,
- disk will do just fine). Program called "tar" will help,
- "tar tvf foo.tar" will list the contents, "tar xvf foo.tar"
- will extract the contents.
- .gz compressed with "gzip", "gunzip" (or "gzip -d") to uncompress
- .bz2 compressed with "bzip2", "bunzip2" (or "bzip2 -d") to uncompress
- .tgz .tar.gz in disguise for DOS, see below for "MULTIPLE ENDINGS"
- .tbz .tar.bz2 ditto, ditto
- .tbz2 .tar.bz2 ditto, ditto
- .taz .tar.gz ditto, ditto
- .tgZ .tar.Z ditto, ditto
- .Z compressed with "compress", "uncompress" to uncompress
- .uu UUencoded with "uuencode", "uudecode" to decode
- (note: the first line of the .uu file tells the name
- of the un-uuencoded file that will appear when you uudecode)
- .shar SHell ARchive: can be extracted in UNIX either with "unshar -c"
- or "unshar" or "sh".
- .zip PCish archive, "unzip -l foo.zip" to list the contents,
- "unzip -x foo.zip" to extract, "unzip -h" for help.
- .bin MacIntoshish archive, StuffIt should work. In UNIX
- a program called "mcvert" should work.
- .sit MacIntoshish archive, StuffIt should work. In UNIX
- a program called "unsit" should work.
- .hqx MacIntoshish archive, StuffIt should work.
- .zoo Amigaish/Atarish archive, zoo should work.
- Code and/or Documentation
- .pl PerL: perl script, any Perl version
- .pm Perl Module: Perl 5 onwards code
- .pod Plain Old Documentation: perl documentation,
- quite readable as-is but if needed converters like pod2man,
- pod2html, exist in the Perl 5 distribution (CPAN/src/5.0/)
- .xs Perl eXtenSion code, please see the perlxs documentation
- coming with the Perl 5 distribution
- .man UNIX man(1) manual page format (nroff)
- .1 ditto
- .html HyperText Markup Language: the Web-speak
- .tex TeX or LaTeX formatted text
- .txt Text
-
- Graphics
- .xbm X11 BitMap, view with e.g. "xv"
- .gif Graphics Interchange Format, view with e.g. "xv"
- .ps PostScript: you probably have a laser printer that groks this
- and possibly have a previewer like ghostscript ("gs", "gv") that will
- display this on screen
- .dvi DeVice Independent: TeX portable graphics display format:
- converters like "dvips" (DVI -> PostScript) and previewers
- like "xdvi" (X Window DVI) exist.
- "BUT I HAVE MULTIPLE ENDINGS..."
- The endings are recursive, work your way down from the right.
- .tar.gz First "gunzip", then "tar".
- .tar.bz2 First "bunzip2", then "tar".
- .tar.Z First "uncompress", then "tar". Often mangled for
- DOSish systems as .tgZ, .tgz, or .taz.
- .uu.gz First "gunzip", then "uudecode".
- .shar.gz First "gunzip", then "unshar".
- Note 1:
- The GNU zip, "gunzip", "gzip -d", can uncompress both .gz and .Z
- gunzip bar.gz
- gunzip foo.Z
- It cannot uncompress .bz2, though.
- Note 2:
- The GNU tar, often installed as "gnutar" or "gtar", can use "gunzip" if
- it can find it, one does not need to first uncompress and then "tar" but
- can instead do both in one sweep:
- gtar ztvf foo.tar.gz
- will list the contents of the gzipped foo.tar without having foo.tar
- in the disk.
- --
- cpan@perl.org