/ajax/libs//0.4.2/lodash.js

/*!
 * Lo-Dash v0.4.2 <http://lodash.com>
 * Copyright 2012 John-David Dalton <http://allyoucanleet.com/>
 * Based on Underscore.js 1.3.3, copyright 2009-2012 Jeremy Ashkenas, DocumentCloud Inc.
 * <http://documentcloud.github.com/underscore>
 * Available under MIT license <http://lodash.com/license>
 */
;(function(window, undefined) {
  'use strict';

  /**
   * Used to cache the last `_.templateSettings.evaluate` delimiter to avoid
   * unnecessarily assigning `reEvaluateDelimiter` a new generated regexp.
   * Assigned in `_.template`.
   */
  var lastEvaluateDelimiter;

  /**
   * Used to cache the last template `options.variable` to avoid unnecessarily
   * assigning `reDoubleVariable` a new generated regexp. Assigned in `_.template`.
   */
  var lastVariable;

  /**
   * Used to match potentially incorrect data object references, like `obj.obj`,
   * in compiled templates. Assigned in `_.template`.
   */
  var reDoubleVariable;

  /**
   * Used to match "evaluate" delimiters, including internal delimiters,
   * in template text. Assigned in `_.template`.
   */
  var reEvaluateDelimiter;

  /** Detect free variable `exports` */
  var freeExports = typeof exports == 'object' && exports &&
    (typeof global == 'object' && global && global == global.global && (window = global), exports);

  /** Native prototype shortcuts */
  var ArrayProto = Array.prototype,
      ObjectProto = Object.prototype;

  /** Used to generate unique IDs */
  var idCounter = 0;

  /** Used to restore the original `_` reference in `noConflict` */
  var oldDash = window._;

  /** Used to detect delimiter values that should be processed by `tokenizeEvaluate` */
  var reComplexDelimiter = /[-+=!~*%&^<>|{(\/]|\[\D|\b(?:delete|in|instanceof|new|typeof|void)\b/;

  /** Used to match empty string literals in compiled template source */
  var reEmptyStringLeading = /\b__p \+= '';/g,
      reEmptyStringMiddle = /\b(__p \+=) '' \+/g,
      reEmptyStringTrailing = /(__e\(.*?\)|\b__t\)) \+\n'';/g;

  /** Used to insert the data object variable into compiled template source */
  var reInsertVariable = /(?:__e|__t = )\(\s*(?![\d\s"']|this\.)/g;

  /** Used to detect if a method is native */
  var reNative = RegExp('^' +
    (ObjectProto.valueOf + '')
      .replace(/[.*+?^=!:${}()|[\]\/\\]/g, '\\$&')
      .replace(/valueOf|for [^\]]+/g, '.+?') + '$'
  );

  /** Used to match tokens in template text */
  var reToken = /__token__(\d+)/g;

  /** Used to match unescaped characters in strings for inclusion in HTML */
  var reUnescapedHtml = /[&<"']/g;

  /** Used to match unescaped characters in compiled string literals */
  var reUnescapedString = /['\n\r\t\u2028\u2029\\]/g;

  /** Used to fix the JScript [[DontEnum]] bug */
  var shadowed = [
    'constructor', 'hasOwnProperty', 'isPrototypeOf', 'propertyIsEnumerable',
    'toLocaleString', 'toString', 'valueOf'
  ];

  /** Used to make template sourceURLs easier to identify */
  var templateCounter = 0;

  /** Used to replace template delimiters */
  var token = '__token__';

  /** Used to store tokenized template text snippets */
  var tokenized = [];

  /** Native method shortcuts */
  var concat = ArrayProto.concat,
      hasOwnProperty = ObjectProto.hasOwnProperty,
      push = ArrayProto.push,
      propertyIsEnumerable = ObjectProto.propertyIsEnumerable,
      slice = ArrayProto.slice,
      toString = ObjectProto.toString;

  /* Native method shortcuts for methods with the same name as other `lodash` methods */
  var nativeBind = reNative.test(nativeBind = slice.bind) && nativeBind,
      nativeIsArray = reNative.test(nativeIsArray = Array.isArray) && nativeIsArray,
      nativeIsFinite = window.isFinite,
      nativeKeys = reNative.test(nativeKeys = Object.keys) && nativeKeys;

  /** `Object#toString` result shortcuts */
  var arrayClass = '[object Array]',
      boolClass = '[object Boolean]',
      dateClass = '[object Date]',
      funcClass = '[object Function]',
      numberClass = '[object Number]',
      regexpClass = '[object RegExp]',
      stringClass = '[object String]';

  /** Timer shortcuts */
  var clearTimeout = window.clearTimeout,
      setTimeout = window.setTimeout;

  /**
   * Detect the JScript [[DontEnum]] bug:
   * In IE < 9 an objects own properties, shadowing non-enumerable ones, are
   * made non-enumerable as well.
   */
  var hasDontEnumBug = !propertyIsEnumerable.call({ 'valueOf': 0 }, 'valueOf');

  /** Detect if `Array#slice` cannot be used to convert strings to arrays (Opera < 10.52) */
  var noArraySliceOnStrings = slice.call('x')[0] != 'x';

  /**
   * Detect lack of support for accessing string characters by index:
   * IE < 8 can't access characters by index and IE 8 can only access
   * characters by index on string literals.
   */
  var noCharByIndex = ('x'[0] + Object('x')[0]) != 'xx';

  /* Detect if `Function#bind` exists and is inferred to be fast (all but V8) */
  var isBindFast = nativeBind && /\n|Opera/.test(nativeBind + toString.call(window.opera));

  /* Detect if `Object.keys` exists and is inferred to be fast (V8, Opera, IE) */
  var isKeysFast = nativeKeys && /^.+$|true/.test(nativeKeys + !!window.attachEvent);

  /** Detect if sourceURL syntax is usable without erroring */
  try {
    // Adobe's and Narwhal's JS engines will error
    var useSourceURL = (Function('//@')(), true);
  } catch(e){ }

  /**
   * Used to escape characters for inclusion in HTML.
   * The `>` and `/` characters don't require escaping in HTML and have no
   * special meaning unless they're part of a tag or an unquoted attribute value
   * http://mathiasbynens.be/notes/ambiguous-ampersands (semi-related fun fact)
   */
  var htmlEscapes = {
    '&': '&amp;',
    '<': '&lt;',
    '"': '&quot;',
    "'": '&#x27;'
  };

  /** Used to determine if values are of the language type Object */
  var objectTypes = {
    'boolean': false,
    'function': true,
    'object': true,
    'number': false,
    'string': false,
    'undefined': false
  };

  /** Used to escape characters for inclusion in compiled string literals */
  var stringEscapes = {
    '\\': '\\',
    "'": "'",
    '\n': 'n',
    '\r': 'r',
    '\t': 't',
    '\u2028': 'u2028',
    '\u2029': 'u2029'
  };

  /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

  /**
   * The `lodash` function.
   *
   * @name _
   * @constructor
   * @param {Mixed} value The value to wrap in a `LoDash` instance.
   * @returns {Object} Returns a `LoDash` instance.
   */
  function lodash(value) {
    // allow invoking `lodash` without the `new` operator
    return new LoDash(value);
  }

  /**
   * Creates a `LoDash` instance that wraps a value to allow chaining.
   *
   * @private
   * @constructor
   * @param {Mixed} value The value to wrap.
   */
  function LoDash(value) {
    // exit early if already wrapped
    if (value && value._wrapped) {
      return value;
    }
    this._wrapped = value;
  }

  /**
   * By default, Lo-Dash uses embedded Ruby (ERB) style template delimiters,
   * change the following template settings to use alternative delimiters.
   *
   * @static
   * @memberOf _
   * @type Object
   */
  lodash.templateSettings = {

    /**
     * Used to detect `data` property values to be HTML-escaped.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _.templateSettings
     * @type RegExp
     */
    'escape': /<%-([\s\S]+?)%>/g,

    /**
     * Used to detect code to be evaluated.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _.templateSettings
     * @type RegExp
     */
    'evaluate': /<%([\s\S]+?)%>/g,

    /**
     * Used to detect `data` property values to inject.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _.templateSettings
     * @type RegExp
     */
    'interpolate': /<%=([\s\S]+?)%>/g,

    /**
     * Used to reference the data object in the template text.
     *
     * @static
     * @memberOf _.templateSettings
     * @type String
     */
    'variable': 'obj'
  };

  /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

  /**
   * The template used to create iterator functions.
   *
   * @private
   * @param {Obect} data The data object used to populate the text.
   * @returns {String} Returns the interpolated text.
   */
  var iteratorTemplate = template(
    // conditional strict mode
   '<% if (useStrict) { %>\'use strict\';\n<% } %>' +

    // the `iteratee` may be reassigned by the `top` snippet
    'var index, iteratee = <%= firstArg %>, ' +
    // assign the `result` variable an initial value
    'result<% if (init) { %> = <%= init %><% } %>;\n' +
    // add code to exit early or do so if the first argument is falsey
    '<%= exit %>;\n' +
    // add code after the exit snippet but before the iteration branches
    '<%= top %>;\n' +

    // the following branch is for iterating arrays and array-like objects
    '<% if (arrayBranch) { %>' +
    'var length = iteratee.length; index = -1;' +
    '  <% if (objectBranch) { %>\nif (length === length >>> 0) {<% } %>' +

    // add support for accessing string characters by index if needed
    '  <% if (noCharByIndex) { %>\n' +
    '  if (toString.call(iteratee) == stringClass) {\n' +
    '    iteratee = iteratee.split(\'\')\n' +
    '  }' +
    '  <% } %>\n' +

    '  <%= arrayBranch.beforeLoop %>;\n' +
    '  while (++index < length) {\n' +
    '    <%= arrayBranch.inLoop %>\n' +
    '  }' +
    '  <% if (objectBranch) { %>\n}<% } %>' +
    '<% } %>' +

    // the following branch is for iterating an object's own/inherited properties
    '<% if (objectBranch) { %>' +
    '  <% if (arrayBranch) { %>\nelse {<% } %>' +
    '  <% if (!hasDontEnumBug) { %>\n' +
    '  var skipProto = typeof iteratee == \'function\' && \n' +
    '    propertyIsEnumerable.call(iteratee, \'prototype\');\n' +
    '  <% } %>' +

    // iterate own properties using `Object.keys` if it's fast
    '  <% if (isKeysFast && useHas) { %>\n' +
    '  var props = nativeKeys(iteratee),\n' +
    '      propIndex = -1,\n' +
    '      length = props.length;\n\n' +
    '  <%= objectBranch.beforeLoop %>;\n' +
    '  while (++propIndex < length) {\n' +
    '    index = props[propIndex];\n' +
    '    if (!(skipProto && index == \'prototype\')) {\n' +
    '      <%= objectBranch.inLoop %>\n' +
    '    }\n' +
    '  }' +

    // else using a for-in loop
    '  <% } else { %>\n' +
    '  <%= objectBranch.beforeLoop %>;\n' +
    '  for (index in iteratee) {' +
    '    <% if (hasDontEnumBug) { %>\n' +
    '    <%   if (useHas) { %>if (hasOwnProperty.call(iteratee, index)) {\n  <% } %>' +
    '    <%= objectBranch.inLoop %>;\n' +
    '    <%   if (useHas) { %>}<% } %>' +
    '    <% } else { %>\n' +

    // Firefox < 3.6, Opera > 9.50 - Opera < 11.60, and Safari < 5.1
    // (if the prototype or a property on the prototype has been set)
    // incorrectly sets a function's `prototype` property [[Enumerable]]
    // value to `true`. Because of this Lo-Dash standardizes on skipping
    // the the `prototype` property of functions regardless of its
    // [[Enumerable]] value.
    '    if (!(skipProto && index == \'prototype\')<% if (useHas) { %> &&\n' +
    '        hasOwnProperty.call(iteratee, index)<% } %>) {\n' +
    '      <%= objectBranch.inLoop %>\n' +
    '    }' +
    '    <% } %>\n' +
    '  }' +
    '  <% } %>' +

    // Because IE < 9 can't set the `[[Enumerable]]` attribute of an
    // existing property and the `constructor` property of a prototype
    // defaults to non-enumerable, Lo-Dash skips the `constructor`
    // property when it infers it's iterating over a `prototype` object.
    '  <% if (hasDontEnumBug) { %>\n\n' +
    '  var ctor = iteratee.constructor;\n' +
    '    <% for (var k = 0; k < 7; k++) { %>\n' +
    '  index = \'<%= shadowed[k] %>\';\n' +
    '  if (<%' +
    '      if (shadowed[k] == \'constructor\') {' +
    '        %>!(ctor && ctor.prototype === iteratee) && <%' +
    '      } %>hasOwnProperty.call(iteratee, index)) {\n' +
    '    <%= objectBranch.inLoop %>\n' +
    '  }' +
    '    <% } %>' +
    '  <% } %>' +
    '  <% if (arrayBranch) { %>\n}<% } %>' +
    '<% } %>\n' +

    // add code to the bottom of the iteration function
    '<%= bottom %>;\n' +
    // finally, return the `result`
    'return result'
  );

  /**
   * Reusable iterator options shared by
   * `every`, `filter`, `find`, `forEach`, `forIn`, `forOwn`, `groupBy`, `map`,
   * `reject`, `some`, and `sortBy`.
   */
  var baseIteratorOptions = {
    'args': 'collection, callback, thisArg',
    'init': 'collection',
    'top':
      'if (!callback) {\n' +
      '  callback = identity\n' +
      '}\n' +
      'else if (thisArg) {\n' +
      '  callback = iteratorBind(callback, thisArg)\n' +
      '}',
    'inLoop': 'callback(iteratee[index], index, collection)'
  };

  /** Reusable iterator options for `every` and `some` */
  var everyIteratorOptions = {
    'init': 'true',
    'inLoop': 'if (!callback(iteratee[index], index, collection)) return !result'
  };

  /** Reusable iterator options for `defaults` and `extend` */
  var extendIteratorOptions = {
    'useHas': false,
    'useStrict': false,
    'args': 'object',
    'init': 'object',
    'top':
      'for (var iterateeIndex = 1, length = arguments.length; iterateeIndex < length; iterateeIndex++) {\n' +
      '  iteratee = arguments[iterateeIndex];\n' +
      (hasDontEnumBug ? '  if (iteratee) {' : ''),
    'inLoop': 'result[index] = iteratee[index]',
    'bottom': (hasDontEnumBug ? '  }\n' : '') + '}'
  };

  /** Reusable iterator options for `filter` and `reject` */
  var filterIteratorOptions = {
    'init': '[]',
    'inLoop': 'callback(iteratee[index], index, collection) && result.push(iteratee[index])'
  };

  /** Reusable iterator options for `find`, `forEach`, `forIn`, and `forOwn` */
  var forEachIteratorOptions = {
    'top': 'if (thisArg) callback = iteratorBind(callback, thisArg)'
  };

  /** Reusable iterator options for `forIn` and `forOwn` */
  var forOwnIteratorOptions = {
    'inLoop': {
      'object': baseIteratorOptions.inLoop
    }
  };

  /** Reusable iterator options for `invoke`, `map`, `pluck`, and `sortBy` */
  var mapIteratorOptions = {
    'init': '',
    'exit': 'if (!collection) return []',
    'beforeLoop': {
      'array':  'result = Array(length)',
      'object': 'result = ' + (isKeysFast ? 'Array(length)' : '[]')
    },
    'inLoop': {
      'array':  'result[index] = callback(iteratee[index], index, collection)',
      'object': 'result' + (isKeysFast ? '[propIndex] = ' : '.push') + '(callback(iteratee[index], index, collection))'
    }
  };

  /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

  /**
   * Creates a new function optimized for searching large arrays for a given `value`,
   * starting at `fromIndex`, using strict equality for comparisons, i.e. `===`.
   *
   * @private
   * @param {Array} array The array to search.
   * @param {Mixed} value The value to search for.
   * @param {Number} [fromIndex=0] The index to start searching from.
   * @param {Number} [largeSize=30] The length at which an array is considered large.
   * @returns {Boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is found, else `false`.
   */
  function cachedContains(array, fromIndex, largeSize) {
    fromIndex || (fromIndex = 0);

    var length = array.length,
        isLarge = (length - fromIndex) >= (largeSize || 30),
        cache = isLarge ? {} : array;

    if (isLarge) {
      // init value cache
      var key,
          index = fromIndex - 1;

      while (++index < length) {
        // manually coerce `value` to string because `hasOwnProperty`, in some
        // older versions of Firefox, coerces objects incorrectly
        key = array[index] + '';
        (hasOwnProperty.call(cache, key) ? cache[key] : (cache[key] = [])).push(array[index]);
      }
    }
    return function(value) {
      if (isLarge) {
        var key = value + '';
        return hasOwnProperty.call(cache, key) && indexOf(cache[key], value) > -1;
      }
      return indexOf(cache, value, fromIndex) > -1;
    }
  }

  /**
   * Creates compiled iteration functions. The iteration function will be created
   * to iterate over only objects if the first argument of `options.args` is
   * "object" or `options.inLoop.array` is falsey.
   *
   * @private
   * @param {Object} [options1, options2, ...] The compile options objects.
   *
   *  useHas - A boolean to specify whether or not to use `hasOwnProperty` checks
   *   in the object loop.
   *
   *  useStrict - A boolean to specify whether or not to include the ES5
   *   "use strict" directive.
   *
   *  args - A string of comma separated arguments the iteration function will
   *   accept.
   *
   *  init - A string to specify the initial value of the `result` variable.
   *
   *  exit - A string of code to use in place of the default exit-early check
   *   of `if (!arguments[0]) return result`.
   *
   *  top - A string of code to execute after the exit-early check but before
   *   the iteration branches.
   *
   *  beforeLoop - A string or object containing an "array" or "object" property
   *   of code to execute before the array or object loops.
   *
   *  inLoop - A string or object containing an "array" or "object" property
   *   of code to execute in the array or object loops.
   *
   *  bottom - A string of code to execute after the iteration branches but
   *   before the `result` is returned.
   *
   * @returns {Function} Returns the compiled function.
   */
  function createIterator() {
    var object,
        prop,
        value,
        index = -1,
        length = arguments.length;

    // merge options into a template data object
    var data = {
      'bottom': '',
      'exit': '',
      'init': '',
      'top': '',
      'arrayBranch': { 'beforeLoop': '' },
      'objectBranch': { 'beforeLoop': '' }
    };

    while (++index < length) {
      object = arguments[index];
      for (prop in object) {
        value = (value = object[prop]) == null ? '' : value;
        // keep this regexp explicit for the build pre-process
        if (/beforeLoop|inLoop/.test(prop)) {
          if (typeof value == 'string') {
            value = { 'array': value, 'object': value };
          }
          data.arrayBranch[prop] = value.array;
          data.objectBranch[prop] = value.object;
        } else {
          data[prop] = value;
        }
      }
    }
    // set additional template `data` values
    var args = data.args,
        firstArg = /^[^,]+/.exec(args)[0];

    data.firstArg = firstArg;
    data.hasDontEnumBug = hasDontEnumBug;
    data.isKeysFast = isKeysFast;
    data.shadowed = shadowed;
    data.useHas = data.useHas !== false;
    data.useStrict = data.useStrict !== false;

    if (!('noCharByIndex' in data)) {
      data.noCharByIndex = noCharByIndex;
    }
    if (!data.exit) {
      data.exit = 'if (!' + firstArg + ') return result';
    }
    if (firstArg != 'collection' || !data.arrayBranch.inLoop) {
      data.arrayBranch = null;
    }
    // create the function factory
    var factory = Function(
        'arrayClass, bind, compareAscending, funcClass, hasOwnProperty, identity, ' +
        'iteratorBind, objectTypes, nativeKeys, propertyIsEnumerable, slice, ' +
        'stringClass, toString',
      'return function(' + args + ') {\n' + iteratorTemplate(data) + '\n}'
    );
    // return the compiled function
    return factory(
      arrayClass, bind, compareAscending, funcClass, hasOwnProperty, identity,
      iteratorBind, objectTypes, nativeKeys, propertyIsEnumerable, slice,
      stringClass, toString
    );
  }

  /**
   * Used by `sortBy` to compare transformed values of `collection`, sorting
   * them in ascending order.
   *
   * @private
   * @param {Object} a The object to compare to `b`.
   * @param {Object} b The object to compare to `a`.
   * @returns {Number} Returns `-1` if `a` < `b`, `0` if `a` == `b`, or `1` if `a` > `b`.
   */
  function compareAscending(a, b) {
    a = a.criteria;
    b = b.criteria;

    if (a === undefined) {
      return 1;
    }
    if (b === undefined) {
      return -1;
    }
    return a < b ? -1 : a > b ? 1 : 0;
  }

  /**
   * Used by `template` to replace tokens with their corresponding code snippets.
   *
   * @private
   * @param {String} match The matched token.
   * @param {String} index The `tokenized` index of the code snippet.
   * @returns {String} Returns the code snippet.
   */
  function detokenize(match, index) {
    return tokenized[index];
  }

  /**
   * Used by `template` to escape characters for inclusion in compiled
   * string literals.
   *
   * @private
   * @param {String} match The matched character to escape.
   * @returns {String} Returns the escaped character.
   */
  function escapeStringChar(match) {
    return '\\' + stringEscapes[match];
  }

  /**
   * Used by `escape` to escape characters for inclusion in HTML.
   *
   * @private
   * @param {String} match The matched character to escape.
   * @returns {String} Returns the escaped character.
   */
  function escapeHtmlChar(match) {
    return htmlEscapes[match];
  }

  /**
   * Creates a new function that, when called, invokes `func` with the `this`
   * binding of `thisArg` and the arguments (value, index, object).
   *
   * @private
   * @param {Function} func The function to bind.
   * @param {Mixed} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `func`.
   * @returns {Function} Returns the new bound function.
   */
  function iteratorBind(func, thisArg) {
    return function(value, index, object) {
      return func.call(thisArg, value, index, object);
    };
  }

  /**
   * A no-operation function.
   *
   * @private
   */
  function noop() {
    // no operation performed
  }

  /**
   * A shim implementation of `Object.keys` that produces an array of the given
   * object's own enumerable property names.
   *
   * @private
   * @param {Object} object The object to inspect.
   * @returns {Array} Returns a new array of property names.
   */
  var shimKeys = createIterator({
    'args': 'object',
    'exit': 'if (!(object && objectTypes[typeof object])) throw TypeError()',
    'init': '[]',
    'inLoop': 'result.push(index)'
  });

  /**
   * Used by `template` to replace "escape" template delimiters with tokens.
   *
   * @private
   * @param {String} match The matched template delimiter.
   * @param {String} value The delimiter value.
   * @returns {String} Returns a token.
   */
  function tokenizeEscape(match, value) {
    if (reComplexDelimiter.test(value)) {
      return '<e%-' + value + '%>';
    }
    var index = tokenized.length;
    tokenized[index] = "' +\n__e(" + value + ") +\n'";
    return token + index;
  }

  /**
   * Used by `template` to replace "evaluate" template delimiters, or complex
   * "escape" and "interpolate" delimiters, with tokens.
   *
   * @private
   * @param {String} match The matched template delimiter.
   * @param {String} value The delimiter value.
   * @param {String} escapeValue The "escape" delimiter value.
   * @param {String} interpolateValue The "interpolate" delimiter value.
   * @returns {String} Returns a token.
   */
  function tokenizeEvaluate(match, value, escapeValue, interpolateValue) {
    var index = tokenized.length;
    if (value) {
      tokenized[index] = "';\n" + value + ";\n__p += '"
    } else if (escapeValue) {
      tokenized[index] = "' +\n__e(" + escapeValue + ") +\n'";
    } else if (interpolateValue) {
      tokenized[index] = "' +\n((__t = (" + interpolateValue + ")) == null ? '' : __t) +\n'";
    }
    return token + index;
  }

  /**
   * Used by `template` to replace "interpolate" template delimiters with tokens.
   *
   * @private
   * @param {String} match The matched template delimiter.
   * @param {String} value The delimiter value.
   * @returns {String} Returns a token.
   */
  function tokenizeInterpolate(match, value) {
    if (reComplexDelimiter.test(value)) {
      return '<e%=' + value + '%>';
    }
    var index = tokenized.length;
    tokenized[index] = "' +\n((__t = (" + value + ")) == null ? '' : __t) +\n'";
    return token + index;
  }

  /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

  /**
   * Checks if a given `target` value is present in a `collection` using strict
   * equality for comparisons, i.e. `===`.
   *
   * @static
   * @memberOf _
   * @alias include
   * @category Collections
   * @param {Array|Object|String} collection The collection to iterate over.
   * @param {Mixed} target The value to check for.
   * @returns {Boolean} Returns `true` if `target` value is found, else `false`.
   * @example
   *
   * _.contains([1, 2, 3], 3);
   * // => true
   *
   * _.contains({ 'name': 'moe', 'age': 40 }, 'moe');
   * // => true
   *
   * _.contains('curly', 'ur');
   * // => true
   */
  var contains = createIterator({
    'args': 'collection, target',
    'init': 'false',
    'noCharByIndex': false,
    'beforeLoop': {
      'array': 'if (toString.call(iteratee) == stringClass) return collection.indexOf(target) > -1'
    },
    'inLoop': 'if (iteratee[index] === target) return true'
  });

  /**
   * Checks if the `callback` returns a truthy value for **all** elements of a
   * `collection`. The `callback` is bound to `thisArg` and invoked with 3
   * arguments; (value, index|key, collection).
   *
   * @static
   * @memberOf _
   * @alias all
   * @category Collections
   * @param {Array|Object|String} collection The collection to iterate over.
   * @param {Function} [callback=identity] The function called per iteration.
   * @param {Mixed} [thisArg] The `this` binding for the callback.
   * @returns {Boolean} Returns `true` if all values pass the callback check, else `false`.
   * @example
   *
   * _.every([true, 1, null, 'yes'], Boolean);
   * // => false
   */
  var every = createIterator(baseIteratorOptions, everyIteratorOptions);

  /**
   * Examines each value in a `collection`, returning an array of all values the
   * `callback` returns truthy for. The `callback` is bound to `thisArg` and
   * invoked with 3 arguments; (value, index|key, collection).
   *
   * @static
   * @memberOf _
   * @alias select
   * @category Collections
   * @param {Array|Object|String} collection The collection to iterate over.
   * @param {Function} [callback=identity] The function called per iteration.
   * @param {Mixed} [thisArg] The `this` binding for the callback.
   * @returns {Array} Returns a new array of values that passed callback check.
   * @example
   *
   * var evens = _.filter([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], function(num) { return num % 2 == 0; });
   * // => [2, 4, 6]
   */
  var filter = createIterator(baseIteratorOptions, filterIteratorOptions);

  /**
   * Examines each value in a `collection`, returning the first one the `callback`
   * returns truthy for. The function returns as soon as it finds an acceptable
   * value, and does not iterate over the entire `collection`. The `callback` is
   * bound to `thisArg` and invoked with 3 arguments; (value, index|key, collection).
   *
   * @static
   * @memberOf _
   * @alias detect
   * @category Collections
   * @param {Array|Object|String} collection The collection to iterate over.
   * @param {Function} callback The function called per iteration.
   * @param {Mixed} [thisArg] The `this` binding for the callback.
   * @returns {Mixed} Returns the value that passed the callback check, else `undefined`.
   * @example
   *
   * var even = _.find([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], function(num) { return num % 2 == 0; });
   * // => 2
   */
  var find = createIterator(baseIteratorOptions, forEachIteratorOptions, {
    'init': '',
    'inLoop': 'if (callback(iteratee[index], index, collection)) return iteratee[index]'
  });

  /**
   * Iterates over a `collection`, executing the `callback` for each value in the
   * `collection`. The `callback` is bound to `thisArg` and invoked with 3
   * arguments; (value, index|key, collection).
   *
   * @static
   * @memberOf _
   * @alias each
   * @category Collections
   * @param {Array|Object|String} collection The collection to iterate over.
   * @param {Function} callback The function called per iteration.
   * @param {Mixed} [thisArg] The `this` binding for the callback.
   * @returns {Array|Object} Returns the `collection`.
   * @example
   *
   * _([1, 2, 3]).forEach(alert).join(',');
   * // => alerts each number and returns '1,2,3'
   *
   * _.forEach({ 'one': 1, 'two': 2, 'three': 3 }, alert);
   * // => alerts each number (order is not guaranteed)
   */
  var forEach = createIterator(baseIteratorOptions, forEachIteratorOptions);

  /**
   * Splits `collection` into sets, grouped by the result of running each value
   * through `callback`. The `callback` is bound to `thisArg` and invoked with
   * 3 arguments; (value, index|key, collection). The `callback` argument may
   * also be the name of a property to group by.
   *
   * @static
   * @memberOf _
   * @category Collections
   * @param {Array|Object|String} collection The collection to iterate over.
   * @param {Function|String} callback The function called per iteration or
   *  property name to group by.
   * @param {Mixed} [thisArg] The `this` binding for the callback.
   * @returns {Object} Returns an object of grouped values.
   * @example
   *
   * _.groupBy([1.3, 2.1, 2.4], function(num) { return Math.floor(num); });
   * // => { '1': [1.3], '2': [2.1, 2.4] }
   *
   * _.groupBy([1.3, 2.1, 2.4], function(num) { return this.floor(num); }, Math);
   * // => { '1': [1.3], '2': [2.1, 2.4] }
   *
   * _.groupBy(['one', 'two', 'three'], 'length');
   * // => { '3': ['one', 'two'], '5': ['three'] }
   */
  var groupBy = createIterator(baseIteratorOptions, {
    'init': '{}',
    'top':
      'var prop, isFunc = typeof callback == \'function\';\n' +
      'if (isFunc && thisArg) callback = iteratorBind(callback, thisArg)',
    'inLoop':
      'prop = isFunc\n' +
      '  ? callback(iteratee[index], index, collection)\n' +
      '  : iteratee[index][callback];\n' +
      '(hasOwnProperty.call(result, prop) ? result[prop] : result[prop] = []).push(iteratee[index])'
  });

  /**
   * Invokes the method named by `methodName` on each element in the `collection`.
   * Additional arguments will be passed to each invoked method. If `methodName`
   * is a function it will be invoked for, and `this` bound to, each element
   * in the `collection`.
   *
   * @static
   * @memberOf _
   * @category Collections
   * @param {Array|Object|String} collection The collection to iterate over.
   * @param {Function|String} methodName The name of the method to invoke or
   *  the function invoked per iteration.
   * @param {Mixed} [arg1, arg2, ...] Arguments to invoke the method with.
   * @returns {Array} Returns a new array of values returned from each invoked method.
   * @example
   *
   * _.invoke([[5, 1, 7], [3, 2, 1]], 'sort');
   * // => [[1, 5, 7], [1, 2, 3]]
   *
   * _.invoke([123, 456], String.prototype.split, '');
   * // => [['1', '2', '3'], ['4', '5', '6']]
   */
  var invoke = createIterator(mapIteratorOptions, {
    'args': 'collection, methodName',
    'top':
      'var args = slice.call(arguments, 2),\n' +
      '    isFunc = typeof methodName == \'function\'',
    'inLoop': {
      'array':
        'result[index] = (isFunc ? methodName : iteratee[index][methodName])' +
        '.apply(iteratee[index], args)',
      'object':
        'result' + (isKeysFast ? '[propIndex] = ' : '.push') +
        '((isFunc ? methodName : iteratee[index][methodName]).apply(iteratee[index], args))'
    }
  });

  /**
   * Produces a new array of values by mapping each element in the `collection`
   * through a transformation `callback`. The `callback` is bound to `thisArg`
   * and invoked with 3 arguments; (value, index|key, collection).
   *
   * @static
   * @memberOf _
   * @alias collect
   * @category Collections
   * @param {Array|Object|String} collection The collection to iterate over.
   * @param {Function} [callback=identity] The function called per iteration.
   * @param {Mixed} [thisArg] The `this` binding for the callback.
   * @returns {Array} Returns a new array of values returned by the callback.
   * @example
   *
   * _.map([1, 2, 3], function(num) { return num * 3; });
   * // => [3, 6, 9]
   *
   * _.map({ 'one': 1, 'two': 2, 'three': 3 }, function(num) { return num * 3; });
   * // => [3, 6, 9] (order is not guaranteed)
   */
  var map = createIterator(baseIteratorOptions, mapIteratorOptions);

  /**
   * Retrieves the value of a specified property from all elements in
   * the `collection`.
   *
   * @static
   * @memberOf _
   * @category Collections
   * @param {Array|Object|String} collection The collection to iterate over.
   * @param {String} property The property to pluck.
   * @returns {Array} Returns a new array of property values.
   * @example
   *
   * var stooges = [
   *   { 'name': 'moe', 'age': 40 },
   *   { 'name': 'larry', 'age': 50 },
   *   { 'name': 'curly', 'age': 60 }
   * ];
   *
   * _.pluck(stooges, 'name');
   * // => ['moe', 'larry', 'curly']
   */
  var pluck = createIterator(mapIteratorOptions, {
    'args': 'collection, property',
    'inLoop': {
      'array':  'result[index] = iteratee[index][property]',
      'object': 'result' + (isKeysFast ? '[propIndex] = ' : '.push') + '(iteratee[index][property])'
    }
  });

  /**
   * Boils down a `collection` to a single value. The initial state of the
   * reduction is `accumulator` and each successive step of it should be returned
   * by the `callback`. The `callback` is bound to `thisArg` and invoked with 4
   * arguments; for arrays they are (accumulator, value, index|key, collection).
   *
   * @static
   * @memberOf _
   * @alias foldl, inject
   * @category Collections
   * @param {Array|Object|String} collection The collection to iterate over.
   * @param {Function} callback The function called per iteration.
   * @param {Mixed} [accumulator] Initial value of the accumulator.
   * @param {Mixed} [thisArg] The `this` binding for the callback.
   * @returns {Mixed} Returns the accumulated value.
   * @example
   *
   * var sum = _.reduce([1, 2, 3], function(memo, num) { return memo + num; });
   * // => 6
   */
  var reduce = createIterator({
    'args': 'collection, callback, accumulator, thisArg',
    'init': 'accumulator',
    'top':
      'var noaccum = arguments.length < 3;\n' +
      'if (thisArg) callback = iteratorBind(callback, thisArg)',
    'beforeLoop': {
      'array': 'if (noaccum) result = collection[++index]'
    },
    'inLoop': {
      'array':
        'result = callback(result, iteratee[index], index, collection)',
      'object':
        'result = noaccum\n' +
        '  ? (noaccum = false, iteratee[index])\n' +
        '  : callback(result, iteratee[index], index, collection)'
    }
  });

  /**
   * The right-associative version of `_.reduce`.
   *
   * @static
   * @memberOf _
   * @alias foldr
   * @category Collections
   * @param {Array|Object|String} collection The collection to iterate over.
   * @param {Function} callback The function called per iteration.
   * @param {Mixed} [accumulator] Initial value of the accumulator.
   * @param {Mixed} [thisArg] The `this` binding for the callback.
   * @returns {Mixed} Returns the accumulated value.
   * @example
   *
   * var list = [[0, 1], [2, 3], [4, 5]];
   * var flat = _.reduceRight(list, function(a, b) { return a.concat(b); }, []);
   * // => [4, 5, 2, 3, 0, 1]
   */
  function reduceRight(collection, callback, accumulator, thisArg) {
    if (!collection) {
      return accumulator;
    }

    var length = collection.length,
        noaccum = arguments.length < 3;

    if(thisArg) {
      callback = iteratorBind(callback, thisArg);
    }
    if (length === length >>> 0) {
      var iteratee = noCharByIndex && toString.call(collection) == stringClass
        ? collection.split('')
        : collection;

      if (length && noaccum) {
        accumulator = iteratee[--length];
      }
      while (length--) {
        accumulator = callback(accumulator, iteratee[length], length, collection);
      }
      return accumulator;
    }

    var prop,
        props = keys(collection);

    length = props.length;
    if (length && noaccum) {
      accumulator = collection[props[--length]];
    }
    while (length--) {
      prop = props[length];
      accumulator = callback(accumulator, collection[prop], prop, collection);
    }
    return accumulator;
  }

  /**
   * The opposite of `_.filter`, this method returns the values of a
   * `collection` that `callback` does **not** return truthy for.
   *
   * @static
   * @memberOf _
   * @category Collections
   * @param {Array|Object|String} collection The collection to iterate over.
   * @param {Function} [callback=identity] The function called per iteration.
   * @param {Mixed} [thisArg] The `this` binding for the callback.
   * @returns {Array} Returns a new array of values that did **not** pass the callback check.
   * @example
   *
   * var odds = _.reject([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], function(num) { return num % 2 == 0; });
   * // => [1, 3, 5]
   */
  var reject = createIterator(baseIteratorOptions, filterIteratorOptions, {
    'inLoop': '!' + filterIteratorOptions.inLoop
  });

  /**
   * Checks if the `callback` returns a truthy value for **any** element of a
   * `collection`. The function returns as soon as it finds passing value, and
   * does not iterate over the entire `collection`. The `callback` is bound to
   * `thisArg` and invoked with 3 arguments; (value, index|key, collection).
   *
   * @static
   * @memberOf _
   * @alias any
   * @category Collections
   * @param {Array|Object|String} collection The collection to iterate over.
   * @param {Function} [callback=identity] The function called per iteration.
   * @param {Mixed} [thisArg] The `this` binding for the callback.
   * @returns {Boolean} Returns `true` if any value passes the callback check, else `false`.
   * @example
   *
   * _.some([null, 0, 'yes', false]);
   * // => true
   */
  var some = createIterator(baseIteratorOptions, everyIteratorOptions, {
    'init': 'false',
    'inLoop': everyIteratorOptions.inLoop.replace('!', '')
  });


  /**
   * Produces a new sorted array, sorted in ascending order by the results of
   * running each element of `collection` through a transformation `callback`.
   * The `callback` is bound to `thisArg` and invoked with 3 arguments;
   * (value, index|key, collection). The `callback` argument may also be the
   * name of a property to sort by (e.g. 'length').
   *
   * @static
   * @memberOf _
   * @category Collections
   * @param {Array|Object|String} collection The collection to iterate over.
   * @param {Function|String} callback The function called per iteration or
   *  property name to sort by.
   * @param {Mixed} [thisArg] The `this` binding for the callback.
   * @returns {Array} Returns a new array of sorted values.
   * @example
   *
   * _.sortBy([1, 2, 3], function(num) { return Math.sin(num); });
   * // => [3, 1, 2]
   *
   * _.sortBy([1, 2, 3], function(num) { return this.sin(num); }, Math);
   * // => [3, 1, 2]
   *
   * _.sortBy(['larry', 'brendan', 'moe'], 'length');
   * // => ['moe', 'larry', 'brendan']
   */
  var sortBy = createIterator(baseIteratorOptions, mapIteratorOptions, {
    'top':
      'if (typeof callback == \'string\') {\n' +
      '  var prop = callback;\n' +
      '  callback = function(collection) { return collection[prop] }\n' +
      '}\n' +
      'else if (thisArg) {\n' +
      '  callback = iteratorBind(callback, thisArg)\n' +
      '}',
    'inLoop': {
      'array':
        'result[index] = {\n' +
        '  criteria: callback(iteratee[index], index, collection),\n' +
        '  value: iteratee[index]\n' +
        '}',
      'object':
        'result' + (isKeysFast ? '[propIndex] = ' : '.push') + '({\n' +
        '  criteria: callback(iteratee[index], index, collection),\n' +
        '  value: iteratee[index]\n' +
        '})'
    },
    'bottom':
      'result.sort(compareAscending);\n' +
      'length = result.length;\n' +
      'while (length--) {\n' +
      '  result[length] = result[length].value\n' +
      '}'
  });

  /**
   * Converts the `collection`, into an array. Useful for converting the
   * `arguments` object.
   *
   * @static
   * @memberOf _
   * @category Collections
   * @param {Array|Object|String} collection The collection to convert.
   * @returns {Array} Returns the new converted array.
   * @example
   *
   * (function() { return _.toArray(arguments).slice(1); })(1, 2, 3, 4);
   * // => [2, 3, 4]
   */
  function toArray(collection) {
    if (!collection) {
      return [];
    }
    if (collection.toArray && toString.call(collection.toArray) == funcClass) {
      return collection.toArray();
    }
    var length = collection.length;
    if (length === length >>> 0) {
      return (noArraySliceOnStrings ? toString.call(collection) == stringClass : typeof collection == 'string')
        ? collection.split('')
        : slice.call(collection);
    }
    return values(collection);
  }

  /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

  /**
   * Produces a new array with all falsey values of `array` removed. The values
   * `false`, `null`, `0`, `""`, `undefined` and `NaN` are all falsey.
   *
   * @static
   * @memberOf _
   * @category Arrays
   * @param {Array} array The array to compact.
   * @returns {Array} Returns a new filtered array.
   * @example
   *
   * _.compact([0, 1, false, 2, '', 3]);
   * // => [1, 2, 3]
   */
  function compact(array) {
    var result = [];
    if (!array) {
      return result;
    }
    var index = -1,
        length = array.length;

    while (++index < length) {
      if (array[index]) {
        result.push(array[index]);
      }
    }
    return result;
  }

  /**
   * Produces a new array of `array` values not present in the other arrays
   * using strict equality for comparisons, i.e. `===`.
   *
   * @static
   * @memberOf _
   * @category Arrays
   * @param {Array} array The array to process.
   * @param {Array} [array1, array2, ...] Arrays to check.
   * @returns {Array} Returns a new array of `array` values not present in the
   *  other arrays.
   * @example
   *
   * _.difference([1, 2, 3, 4, 5], [5, 2, 10]);
   * // => [1, 3, 4]
   */
  function difference(array) {
    var result = [];
    if (!array) {
      return result;
    }
    var index = -1,
        length = array.length,
        flattened = concat.apply(result, arguments),
        contains = cachedContains(flattened, length);

    while (++index < length) {
      if (!contains(array[index])) {
        result.push(array[index]);
      }
    }
    return result;
  }

  /**
   * Gets the first value of the `array`. Pass `n` to return the first `n` values
   * of the `array`.
   *
   * @static
   * @memberOf _
   * @alias head, take
   * @category Arrays
   * @param {Array} array The array to query.
   * @param {Number} [n] The number of elements to return.
   * @param {Object} [guard] Internally used to allow this method to work with
   *  others like `_.map` without using their callback `index` argument for `n`.
   * @returns {Mixed} Returns the first value or an array of the first `n` values
   *  of `array`.
   * @example
   *
   * _.first([5, 4, 3, 2, 1]);
   * // => 5
   */
  function first(array, n, guard) {
    if (array) {
      return (n == null || guard) ? array[0] : slice.call(array, 0, n);
    }
  }

  /**
   * Flattens a nested array (the nesting can be to any depth). If `shallow` is
   * truthy, `array` will only be flattened a single level.
   *
   * @static
   * @memberOf _
   * @category Arrays
   * @param {Array} array The array to compact.
   * @param {Boolean} shallow A flag to indicate only flattening a single level.
   * @returns {Array} Returns a new flattened array.
   * @example
   *
   * _.flatten([1, [2], [3, [[4]]]]);
   * // => [1, 2, 3, 4];
   *
   * _.flatten([1, [2], [3, [[4]]]], true);
   * // => [1, 2, 3, [[4]]];
   */
  function flatten(array, shallow) {
    var result = [];
    if (!array) {
      return result;
    }
    var value,
        index = -1,
        length = array.length;

    while (++index < length) {
      value = array[index];
      if (isArray(value)) {
        push.apply(result, shallow ? value : flatten(value));
      } else {
        result.push(value);
      }
    }
    return result;
  }

  /**
   * Gets the index at which the first occurrence of `value` is found using
   * strict equality for comparisons, i.e. `===`. If the `array` is already
   * sorted, passing `true` for `isSorted` will run a faster binary search.
   *
   * @static
   * @memberOf _
   * @category Arrays
   * @param {Array} array The array to search.
   * @param {Mixed} value The value to search for.
   * @param {Boolean|Number} [fromIndex=0] The index to start searching from or
   *  `true` to perform a binary search on a sorted `array`.
   * @returns {Number} Returns the index of the matched value or `-1`.
   * @example
   *
   * _.indexOf([1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3], 2);
   * // => 1
   *
   * _.indexOf([1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3], 2, 3);
   * // => 4
   *
   * _.indexOf([1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3], 2, true);
   * // => 2
   */
  function indexOf(array, value, fromIndex) {
    if (!array) {
      return -1;
    }
    var index = -1,
        length = array.length;

    if (fromIndex) {
      if (typeof fromIndex == 'number') {
        index = (fromIndex < 0 ? Math.max(0, length + fromIndex) : fromIndex) - 1;
      } else {
        index = sortedIndex(array, value);
        return array[index] === value ? index : -1;
      }
    }
    while (++index < length) {
      if (array[index] === value) {
        return index;
      }
    }
    return -1;
  }

  /**
   * Gets all but the last value of `array`. Pass `n` to exclude the last `n`
   * values from the result.
   *
   * @static
   * @memberOf _
   * @category Arrays
   * @param {Array} array The array to query.
   * @param {Number} [n] The number of elements to return.
   * @param {Object} [guard] Internally used to allow this method to work with
   *  others like `_.map` without using their callback `index` argument for `n`.
   * @returns {Array} Returns all but the last value or `n` values of `array`.
   * @example
   *
   * _.initial([3, 2, 1]);
   * // => [3, 2]
   */
  function initial(array, n, guard) {
    if (!array) {
      return [];
    }
    return slice.call(array, 0, -((n == null || guard) ? 1 : n));
  }

  /**
   * Computes the intersection of all the passed-in arrays.
   *
   * @static
   * @memberOf _
   * @category Arrays
   * @param {Array} [array1, array2, ...] Arrays to process.
   * @returns {Array} Returns a new array of unique values, in order, that are
   *  present in **all** of the arrays.
   * @example
   *
   * _.intersection([1, 2, 3], [101, 2, 1, 10], [2, 1]);
   * // => [1, 2]
   */
  function intersection(array) {
    var result = [];
    if (!array) {
      return result;
    }
    var value,
        index = -1,
        length = array.length,
        others = slice.call(arguments, 1),
        cache = [];

    while (++index < length) {
      value = array[index];
      if (indexOf(result, value) < 0 &&
          every(others, function(other, index) {
            return (cache[index] || (cache[index] = cachedContains(other)))(value);
          })) {
        result.push(value);
      }
    }
    return result;
  }

  /**
   * Gets the last value of the `array`. Pass `n` to return the lasy `n` values
   * of the `array`.
   *
   * @static
   * @memberOf _
   * @category Arrays
   * @param {Array} array The array to query.
   * @param {Number} [n] The number of elements to return.
   * @param {Object} [guard] Internally used to allow this method to work with
   *  others like `_.map` without using their callback `index` argument for `n`.
   * @returns {Mixed} Returns the last value or an array of the last `n` values
   *  of `array`.
   * @example
   *
   * _.last([3, 2, 1]);
   * // => 1
   */
  function last(array, n, guard) {
    if (array) {
      var length = array.length;
      return (n == null || guard) ? array[length - 1] : slice.call(array, -n || length);
    }
  }

  /**
   * Gets the index at which the last occurrence of `value` is found using
   * strict equality for comparisons, i.e. `===`.
   *
   * @static
   * @memberOf _
   * @category Arrays
   * @param {Array} array The array to search.
   * @param {Mixed} value The value to search for.
   * @param {Number} [fromIndex=array.length-1] The index to start searching from.
   * @returns {Number} Returns the index of the matched value or `-1`.
   * @example
   *
   * _.lastIndexOf([1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3], 2);
   * // => 4
   *
   * _.lastIndexOf([1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3], 2, 3);
   * // => 1
   */
  function lastIndexOf(array, value, fromIndex) {
    if (!array) {
      return -1;
    }
    var index = array.length;
    if (fromIndex && typeof fromIndex == 'number') {
      index = (fromIndex < 0 ? Math.max(0, index + fromIndex) : Math.min(fromIndex, index - 1)) + 1;
    }
    while (index--) {
      if (array[index] === value) {
        return index;
      }
    }
    return -1;
  }

  /**
   * Retrieves the maximum value of an `array`. If `callback` is passed,
   * it will be executed for each value in the `array` to generate the
   * criterion by which the value is ranked. The `callback` is bound to
   * `thisArg` and invoked with 3 arguments; (value, index, array).
   *
   * @static
   * @memberOf _
   * @category Arrays
   * @param {Array} array The array to iterate over.
   * @param {Function} [callback] The function called per iteration.
   * @param {Mixed} [thisArg] The `this` binding for the callback.
   * @returns {Mixed} Returns the maximum value.
   * @example
   *
   * var stooges = [
   *   { 'name': 'moe', 'age': 40 },
   *   { 'name': 'larry', 'age': 50 },
   *   { 'name': 'curly', 'age': 60 }
   * ];
   *