/kernel/classes/ezpersistentobject.php

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<?php
//
// Definition of eZPersistentObject class
//
// Created on: <16-Apr-2002 11:08:14 amos>
//
// ## BEGIN COPYRIGHT, LICENSE AND WARRANTY NOTICE ##
// SOFTWARE NAME: eZ Publish
// SOFTWARE RELEASE: 4.1.x
// COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Copyright (C) 1999-2011 eZ Systems AS
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// NOTICE: >
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//   modify it under the terms of version 2.0  of the GNU General
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//
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//   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
//   GNU General Public License for more details.
//
//   You should have received a copy of version 2.0 of the GNU General
//   Public License along with this program; if not, write to the Free
//   Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston,
//   MA 02110-1301, USA.
//
//
// ## END COPYRIGHT, LICENSE AND WARRANTY NOTICE ##
//

/*!
  \defgroup eZKernel Kernel system
*/

/*!
  \class eZPersistentObject ezpersistentobject.php
  \ingroup eZKernel
  \brief Allows for object persistence in a database

  Classes which stores simple types in databases should inherit from this
  and implement the definition() function. The class will then get initialization,
  fetching, listing, moving, storing and deleting for free as well as attribute
  access. The new class must have a constructor which takes one parameter called
  \c $row and pass that this constructor.

\code
class MyClass extends eZPersistentObject
{
    function MyClass( $row )
    {
        $this->eZPersistentObject( $row );
    }
}
\endcode

*/
class eZPersistentObject
{
    /*!
     Initializes the object with the row \a $row. It will try to set
     each field taken from the database row. Calls fill to do the job.
     If the parameter \a $row is an integer it will try to fetch it
     from the database using it as the unique ID.
    */
    function eZPersistentObject( $row )
    {
        $this->PersistentDataDirty = false;
        if ( is_numeric( $row ) )
            $row = $this->fetch( $row, false );
        $this->fill( $row );
    }

    /*!
     Tries to fill in the data in the object by using the object definition
     which is returned by the function definition() and the database row
     data \a $row. Each field will be fetch from the definition and then
     use that fieldname to fetch from the row and set the data.
    */
    function fill( $row )
    {
        if ( !is_array( $row ) )
            return;
        $def = $this->definition();
        $fields = $def["fields"];
        $intersectList = array_intersect_key( $fields,
                                              $row );

        foreach ( $intersectList as $key => $item )
        {
            if ( is_array( $item ) )
            {
                $item = $item['name'];
            }
            $this->$item = $row[$key];
        }

        foreach( array_diff_key( $fields, $intersectList ) as $item )
        {
            if ( is_array( $item ) )
            {
                $item = $item['name'];
            }
            $this->$item = null;
        }
    }

    /*!
    \private
    \static
    For the given array \a fields treats its keys (for associative array) or
    values (for non-associative array) as table fields names and replaces them
    with short names (aliases) found in \a fieldDefs.
    */
    static function replaceFieldsWithShortNames( $db, $fieldDefs, &$fields )
    {
        if ( !$db->useShortNames() || !$fields )
            return;

        $short_fields_names = array();
        foreach ( $fields as $key => $val )
        {
            if( is_numeric( $key ) ) // $fields is not an associative array
            {
                if ( array_key_exists( $val,  $fieldDefs ) &&
                     array_key_exists( 'short_name', $fieldDefs[$val] ) )
                {
                    $short_fields_names[$key] = $fieldDefs[$val]['short_name'];
                }
                else
                    $short_fields_names[$key] = $val;
            }
            else // $fields is an associative array
            {
                if ( array_key_exists( $key,  $fieldDefs ) &&
                     array_key_exists( 'short_name', $fieldDefs[$key] ) )
                {
                    $newkey = $fieldDefs[$key]['short_name'];
                }
                else
                    $newkey = $key;
                $short_fields_names[$newkey] = $val;
            }

        }
        $fields = $short_fields_names;
    }

    /*!
     Fetches the number of rows by using the object definition.
     Uses fetchObjectList for the actual SQL handling.

     See fetchObjectList() for a full description of the input parameters.
    */
    static function count( $def, $conds = null, $field = null )
    {
        if ( !isset( $field ) )
        {
            $field = '*';
        }
        $customFields = array( array( 'operation' => 'COUNT( ' . $field . ' )', 'name' => 'row_count' ) );
        $rows = eZPersistentObject::fetchObjectList( $def, array(), $conds, array(), null, false, false, $customFields );
        return $rows[0]['row_count'];
    }

    /*!
     Creates an SQL query out of the different parameters and returns an object with the result.
     If \a $asObject is true the returned item is an object otherwise a db row.
     Uses fetchObjectList for the actual SQL handling and just returns the first row item.

     See fetchObjectList() for a full description of the input parameters.
    */
    static function fetchObject( /*! The definition structure */
                               $def,
                               /*! If defined determines the fields which are extracted, if not all fields are fetched */
                               $field_filters,
                               /*! An array of conditions which determines which rows are fetched*/
                               $conds,
                               $asObject = true,
                               /*! An array of elements to group by */
                               $grouping = null,
                               /*! An array of extra fields to fetch, each field may be a SQL operation */
                               $custom_fields = null )
    {
        $rows = eZPersistentObject::fetchObjectList( $def, $field_filters, $conds,
                                                      array(), null, $asObject,
                                                      $grouping, $custom_fields );
        if ( $rows )
            return $rows[0];
        return null;
    }

    /*!
     Removes the object from the database, it will use the keys in the object
     definition to figure out which table row should be removed unless \a $conditions
     is defined as an array with fieldnames.
     It uses removeObject to do the real job and passes the object defintion,
     conditions and extra conditions \a $extraConditions to this function.
     \note Transaction unsafe. If you call several transaction unsafe methods you must enclose
     the calls within a db transaction; thus within db->begin and db->commit.
    */
    function remove( $conditions = null, $extraConditions = null )
    {
        $def = $this->definition();
        $keys = $def["keys"];
        if ( !is_array( $conditions ) )
        {
            $conditions = array();
            foreach ( $keys as $key )
            {
                $value = $this->attribute( $key );
                $conditions[$key] = $value;
            }
        }
        eZPersistentObject::removeObject( $def, $conditions, $extraConditions );
    }

    /*!
     Deletes the object from the table defined in \a $def with conditions \a $conditions
     and extra conditions \a $extraConditions. The extra conditions will either be
     appended to the existing conditions or overwrite existing fields.
     Uses conditionText() to create the condition SQL.
     \note Transaction unsafe. If you call several transaction unsafe methods you must enclose
     the calls within a db transaction; thus within db->begin and db->commit.
    */
    static function removeObject( $def, $conditions = null, $extraConditions = null )
    {
        $db = eZDB::instance();

        $table = $def["name"];
        if ( is_array( $extraConditions ) )
        {
            foreach ( $extraConditions as $key => $cond )
            {
                $conditions[$key] = $cond;
            }
        }

        /* substitute fields mentioned the conditions whith their
           short names (if any)
         */
        $fields = $def['fields'];
        eZPersistentObject::replaceFieldsWithShortNames( $db, $fields, $conditions );

        $cond_text = eZPersistentObject::conditionText( $conditions );

        $db->query( "DELETE FROM $table $cond_text" );
    }

    /*!
     Stores the object in the database, uses storeObject() to do the actual
     job and passes \a $fieldFilters to it.
     \note Transaction unsafe. If you call several transaction unsafe methods you must enclose
     the calls within a db transaction; thus within db->begin and db->commit.
    */
    function store( $fieldFilters = null )
    {
        eZPersistentObject::storeObject( $this, $fieldFilters );
    }

    /*!
     Makes sure data is stored if the data is considered dirty.
     \sa hasDirtyData
     \note Transaction unsafe. If you call several transaction unsafe methods you must enclose
     the calls within a db transaction; thus within db->begin and db->commit.
    */
    function sync( $fieldFilters = null )
    {
        if ( $this->hasDirtyData() )
            $this->store( $fieldFilters );
    }

    /*!
     \private
     Stores the data in \a $obj to database.
     \param fieldFilters If specified only certain fields will be stored.
     \note Transaction unsafe. If you call several transaction unsafe methods you must enclose
     the calls within a db transaction; thus within db->begin and db->commit.
    */
    static function storeObject( $obj, $fieldFilters = null )
    {
        $db = eZDB::instance();
        $useFieldFilters = ( isset( $fieldFilters ) && is_array( $fieldFilters ) && $fieldFilters );

        $def = $obj->definition();
        $fields = $def["fields"];
        $keys = $def["keys"];
        $table = $def["name"];
        $relations = isset( $def["relations"] ) ? $def["relations"] : null;
        $insert_object = false;
        $exclude_fields = array();
        foreach ( $keys as $key )
        {
            $value = $obj->attribute( $key );
            if ( $value === null )
            {
                $insert_object = true;
                $exclude_fields[] = $key;
            }
        }

        if ( $useFieldFilters )
            $insert_object = false;

        $use_fields = array_diff( array_keys( $fields ), $exclude_fields );
        // If we filter out some of the fields we need to intersect it with $use_fields
        if ( is_array( $fieldFilters ) )
            $use_fields = array_intersect( $use_fields, $fieldFilters );
        $doNotEscapeFields = array();
        $changedValueFields = array();
        $numericDataTypes = array( 'integer', 'float', 'double' );

        foreach ( $use_fields as $field_name  )
        {
            $field_def = $fields[$field_name];
            $value = $obj->attribute( $field_name );

            if ( $value === null )
            {
                if ( ! is_array( $field_def ) )
                {
                    $exclude_fields[] = $field_name;
                }
                else
                {
                    if ( array_key_exists( 'default', $field_def ) &&
                         ( $field_def['default'] !== null ||
                          ( $field_name == 'data_int' &&
                            array_key_exists( 'required', $field_def ) &&
                            $field_def[ 'required' ] == false ) ) )
                    {
                        $obj->setAttribute( $field_name, $field_def[ 'default' ] );
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        //if ( in_array( $field_def['datatype'], $numericDataTypes )
                        $exclude_fields[] = $field_name;
                    }
                }
            }

            if ( strlen( $value ) == 0 &&
                 is_array( $field_def ) &&
                 in_array( $field_def['datatype'], $numericDataTypes  ) &&
                 array_key_exists( 'default', $field_def ) &&
                 ( $field_def[ 'default' ] === null || is_numeric( $field_def[ 'default' ] ) ) )
            {
                $obj->setAttribute( $field_name, $field_def[ 'default' ] );
            }

            if ( $value !== null                                &&
                 $field_def['datatype'] === 'string'            &&
                 array_key_exists( 'max_length', $field_def )   &&
                 $field_def['max_length'] > 0                   &&
                 strlen( $value ) > $field_def['max_length'] )
            {
                $obj->setAttribute( $field_name, substr( $value, 0, $field_def['max_length'] ) );
                eZDebug::writeDebug( $value, "truncation of $field_name to max_length=". $field_def['max_length'] );
            }
            $bindDataTypes = array( 'text' );
            if ( $db->bindingType() != eZDBInterface::BINDING_NO &&
                 strlen( $value ) > 2000 &&
                 is_array( $field_def ) &&
                 in_array( $field_def['datatype'], $bindDataTypes  )
                 )
            {
                $boundValue = $db->bindVariable( $value, $field_def );
//                $obj->setAttribute( $field_name, $value );
                $doNotEscapeFields[] = $field_name;
                $changedValueFields[$field_name] = $boundValue;
            }

        }
        $key_conds = array();
        foreach ( $keys as $key )
        {
            $value = $obj->attribute( $key );
            $key_conds[$key] = $value;
        }
        unset( $value );

        $important_keys = $keys;
        if ( is_array( $relations ) )
        {
//            $important_keys = array();
            foreach( $relations as $relation => $relation_data )
            {
                if ( !in_array( $relation, $keys ) )
                    $important_keys[] = $relation;
            }
        }
        if ( count( $important_keys ) == 0 && !$useFieldFilters )
        {
            $insert_object = true;
        }
        else if ( !$insert_object )
        {
            $rows = eZPersistentObject::fetchObjectList( $def, $keys, $key_conds,
                                                          array(), null, false,
                                                          null, null );
            if ( count( $rows ) == 0 )
            {
                /* If we only want to update some fields in a record
                 * and that records does not exist, then we should do nothing, only return.
                 */
                if ( $useFieldFilters )
                    return;

                $insert_object = true;
            }
        }

        if ( $insert_object )
        {
            // Note: When inserting we cannot hone the $fieldFilters parameters

            $use_fields = array_diff( array_keys( $fields ), $exclude_fields );
            $use_field_names = $use_fields;
            if ( $db->useShortNames() )
            {
                $use_short_field_names = $use_field_names;
                eZPersistentObject::replaceFieldsWithShortNames( $db, $fields, $use_short_field_names );
                $field_text = implode( ', ', $use_short_field_names );
                unset( $use_short_field_names );
            }
            else
                $field_text = implode( ', ', $use_field_names );

            $use_values_hash = array();
            $escapeFields = array_diff( $use_fields, $doNotEscapeFields );

            foreach ( $escapeFields as $key )
            {
                $value = $obj->attribute( $key );
                $field_def = $fields[$key];

                if ( $field_def['datatype'] == 'float' || $field_def['datatype'] == 'double' )
                {
                    if ( $value === null )
                    {
                        $use_values_hash[$key] = 'NULL';
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        $use_values_hash[$key] = sprintf( '%F', $value );
                    }
                }
                else if ( $field_def['datatype'] == 'int' || $field_def['datatype'] == 'integer' )
                {
                    if ( $value === null )
                    {
                        $use_values_hash[$key] = 'NULL';
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        $use_values_hash[$key] = sprintf( '%d', $value );
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    // Note: for more colherence, we might use NULL for sql strings if the php value is NULL and not an empty sring
                    //       but to keep compatibility with ez db, where most string columns are "not null default ''",
                    //       and code feeding us a php null value without meaning it, we do not.
                    $use_values_hash[$key] = "'" . $db->escapeString( $value ) . "'";
                }
            }
            foreach ( $doNotEscapeFields as $key )
            {
                $use_values_hash[$key] = $changedValueFields[$key];
            }
            $use_values = array();
            foreach ( $use_field_names as $field )
                $use_values[] = $use_values_hash[$field];
            unset( $use_values_hash );
            $value_text = implode( ", ", $use_values );

            $sql = "INSERT INTO $table ($field_text) VALUES($value_text)";
            $db->query( $sql );

            if ( isset( $def["increment_key"] ) &&
                 is_string( $def["increment_key"] ) &&
                 !( $obj->attribute( $def["increment_key"] ) > 0 ) )
            {
                $inc = $def["increment_key"];
                $id = $db->lastSerialID( $table, $inc );
                if ( $id !== false )
                    $obj->setAttribute( $inc, $id );
            }
        }
        else
        {
            $use_fields = array_diff( array_keys( $fields ), array_merge( $keys, $exclude_fields ) );
            if ( count( $use_fields ) > 0 )
            {
                // If we filter out some of the fields we need to intersect it with $use_fields
                if ( is_array( $fieldFilters ) )
                    $use_fields = array_intersect( $use_fields, $fieldFilters );
                $use_field_names = array();
                foreach ( $use_fields as $key )
                {
                    if ( $db->useShortNames() && is_array( $fields[$key] ) && array_key_exists( 'short_name', $fields[$key] ) && strlen( $fields[$key]['short_name'] ) > 0 )
                        $use_field_names[$key] = $fields[$key]['short_name'];
                    else
                        $use_field_names[$key] = $key;
                }

                $field_text = "";
                $field_text_len = 0;
                $i = 0;


                foreach ( $use_fields as $key )
                {
                    $value = $obj->attribute( $key );

                    if ( $fields[$key]['datatype'] == 'float' || $fields[$key]['datatype'] == 'double' )
                    {
                        if ( $value === null )
                            $field_text_entry = $use_field_names[$key] . '=NULL';
                        else
                            $field_text_entry = $use_field_names[$key] . "=" . sprintf( '%F', $value );
                    }
                    else if ($fields[$key]['datatype'] == 'int' || $fields[$key]['datatype'] == 'integer' )
                    {
                        if ( $value === null )
                            $field_text_entry = $use_field_names[$key] . '=NULL';
                        else
                            $field_text_entry = $use_field_names[$key] . "=" . sprintf( '%d', $value );
                    }
                    else if ( in_array( $use_field_names[$key], $doNotEscapeFields ) )
                    {
                        $field_text_entry = $use_field_names[$key] . "=" .  $changedValueFields[$key];
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        $field_text_entry = $use_field_names[$key] . "='" . $db->escapeString( $value ) . "'";
                    }

                    $field_text_len += strlen( $field_text_entry );
                    $needNewline = false;
                    if ( $field_text_len > 60 )
                    {
                        $needNewline = true;
                        $field_text_len = 0;
                    }
                    if ( $i > 0 )
                        $field_text .= "," . ($needNewline ? "\n    " : ' ');
                    $field_text .= $field_text_entry;
                    ++$i;
                }
                $cond_text = eZPersistentObject::conditionText( $key_conds );
                $sql = "UPDATE $table SET $field_text$cond_text";
                $db->query( $sql );
            }
        }
        $obj->setHasDirtyData( false );
    }

    /*!
     Calls conditionTextByRow with an empty row and \a $conditions.
    */
    static function conditionText( $conditions )
    {
        return eZPersistentObject::conditionTextByRow( $conditions, null );
    }

    /*!
     Generates an SQL sentence from the conditions \a $conditions and row data \a $row.
     If \a $row is empty (null) it uses the condition data instead of row data.
    */
    static function conditionTextByRow( $conditions, $row )
    {
        $db = eZDB::instance();

        $where_text = "";
        if ( is_array( $conditions ) and
             count( $conditions ) > 0 )
        {
            $where_text = " WHERE  ";
            $i = 0;
            foreach ( $conditions as $id => $cond )
            {
                if ( $i > 0 )
                    $where_text .= " AND ";
                if ( is_array( $row ) )
                {
                    $where_text .= $cond . "='" . $db->escapeString( $row[$cond] ) . "'";
                }
                else
                {
                    if ( is_array( $cond ) )
                    {
                        if ( is_array( $cond[0] ) )
                        {
                            $where_text .= $id . ' IN ( ';
                            $j = 0;
                            foreach ( $cond[0] as $value )
                            {
                                if ( $j > 0 )
                                    $where_text .= ", ";
                                $where_text .= "'" . $db->escapeString( $value ) . "'";
                                ++$j;
                            }
                            $where_text .= ' ) ';
                        }
                        else if ( is_array( $cond[1] ) )
                        {
                            $range = $cond[1];
                            $where_text .= "$id BETWEEN '" . $db->escapeString( $range[0] ) . "' AND '" . $db->escapeString( $range[1] ) . "'";
                        }
                        else
                        {
                          switch ( $cond[0] )
                          {
                              case '>=':
                              case '<=':
                              case '<':
                              case '>':
                              case '=':
                              case '<>':
                              case '!=':
                              case 'like':
                                  {
                                      $where_text .= $db->escapeString( $id ) . " " . $cond[0] . " '" . $db->escapeString( $cond[1] ) . "'";
                                  } break;
                              default:
                                  {
                                      eZDebug::writeError( "Conditional operator '$cond[0]' is not supported.", __METHOD__ );
                                  } break;
                          }

                        }
                    }
                    else
                        $where_text .= $db->escapeString( $id ) . "='" . $db->escapeString( $cond ) . "'";
                }
                ++$i;
            }
        }
        return $where_text;
    }


    /*!
     Creates an SQL query out of the different parameters and returns an array with the result.
     If \a $asObject is true the array contains objects otherwise a db row.


     \param $def A definition array of all fields, table name and sorting
     \param $field_filters If defined determines the fields which are extracted (array of field names), if not all fields are fetched
     \param $conds \c null for no special condition or an associative array of fields to filter on.
                   Syntax is \c FIELD => \c CONDITION, \c CONDITION can be one of:
                   - Scalar value - Creates a condition where \c FIELD must match the value, e.g
                                    \code array( 'id' => 5 ) \endcode
                                    generates SQL
                                    \code id = 5 \endcode
                   - Array with two scalar values - Element \c 0 is the match operator and element \c 1 is the scalar value
                                    \code array( 'priority' => array( '>', 5 ) ) \endcode
                                    generates SQL
                                    \code priority > 5 \endcode
                   - Array with range - Element \c 1 is an array with start and stop of range in array
                                    \code array( 'type' => array( false, array( 1, 5 ) ) ) \endcode
                                    generates SQL
                                    \code type BETWEEN 1 AND 5 \endcode
                   - Array with multiple elements - Element \c 0 is an array with scalar values
                                    \code array( 'id' => array( array( 1, 5, 7 ) ) ) \endcode
                                    generates SQL
                                    \code id IN ( 1, 5, 7 ) \endcode
     \param $sorts An associative array of sorting conditions, if set to \c false ignores settings in \a $def,
                   if set to \c null uses settingss in \a $def.
                   Syntax is \c FIELD => \c DIRECTION. \c DIRECTION must either be string \c 'asc'
                   for ascending or \c 'desc' for descending.
     \param $limit An associative array with limitiations, can contain
                   - offset - Numerical value defining the start offset for the fetch
                   - length - Numerical value defining the max number of items to return
     \param $asObject If \c true then it will return an array with objects, objects are created from class defined in \a $def.
                      If \c false it will just return the rows fetch from database.
     \param $grouping An array of fields to group by or \c null to use grouping in defintion \a $def.
     \param $custom_fields Array of \c FIELD elements to add to SQL, can be used to perform custom fetches, e.g counts.
                           \c FIELD is an associative array containing:
                           - operation - A text field which is included in the field list
                           - name - If present it adds 'AS name' to the operation.
     \param $custom_tables Array of additional tables.
     \param $custom_conds String with sql conditions for 'WHERE' clause.

     A full example:
     \code
     $filter = array( 'id', 'name' );
     $conds = array( 'type' => 5,
                     'size' => array( false, array( 200, 500 ) ) );
     $sorts = array( 'name' => 'asc' );
     $limit = array( 'offset' => 50, 'length' => 10 );
     eZPersistentObject::fetchObjectList( $def, $filter, $conds, $sorts, $limit, true, false, null )
     \endcode

     Counting number of elements.
     \code
     $custom = array( array( 'operation' => 'count( id )',
                             'name' => 'count' ) );
     // Here $field_filters is set to an empty array, that way only count is used in fields
     $rows = eZPersistentObject::fetchObjectList( $def, array(), null, null, null, false, false, $custom );
     return $rows[0]['count'];
     \endcode

     Counting elements per type using grouping
     \code
     $custom = array( array( 'operation' => 'count( id )',
                             'name' => 'count' ) );
     $group = array( 'type' );
     $rows = eZPersistentObject::fetchObjectList( $def, array(), null, null, null, false, $group, $custom );
     return $rows[0]['count'];
     \endcode

     Example to fetch a result with custom conditions. The following example will fetch the attributes to
     the contentobject with id 1 and add the contentobject.name in each attribute row with the array key
     contentobject_name.
     \code
     $objectDef = eZContentObject::definition();
     $objectAttributeDef = eZContentObjectAttribute::definition();

     $fields = array();
     $conds = array( $objectDef['name'] . '.id' => 1 );
     $sorts = array( $objectAttributeDef['name'] . '.sort_key_string' => 'asc' );

     $limit = null;
     $asObject = false;
     $group = false;

     $customFields = array( $objectAttributeDef['name'] . '.*',
                             array( 'operation' => $objectDef['name'] . '.name',
                                    'name' => 'contentobject_name' ) );

     $customTables = array( $objectDef['name'] );

     $languageCode = 'eng-GB';
     $customConds = ' AND ' . $objectDef['name'] . '.current_version=' . $objectAttributeDef['name'] . '.version' .
                     ' AND ' . $objectDef['name'] . '.id=' . $objectAttributeDef['name'] . '.contentobject_id' .
                     ' AND ' . $objectAttributeDef['name'] . '.language_code=\'' . $languageCode . '\'';

     $rows = eZPersistentObject::fetchObjectList( $objectAttributeDef, $fields, $conds, $sorts, $limit, $asObject,
                                                  $group, $customFields, $customTables, $customConds );
     \endcode
    */
    static function fetchObjectList( $def,
                              $field_filters = null,
                              $conds = null,
                              $sorts = null,
                              $limit = null,
                              $asObject = true,
                              $grouping = false,
                              $custom_fields = null,
                              $custom_tables = null,
                              $custom_conds = null )
    {
        $db = eZDB::instance();
        $fields = $def["fields"];
        $tables = $def["name"];
        $class_name = $def["class_name"];
        if ( is_array( $custom_tables ) )
        {
            foreach( $custom_tables as $custom_table )
                $tables .= ', ' . $db->escapeString( $custom_table );
        }
        eZPersistentObject::replaceFieldsWithShortNames( $db, $fields, $conds );
        if ( is_array( $field_filters ) )
            $field_array = array_unique( array_intersect(
                                             $field_filters, array_keys( $fields ) ) );
        else
            $field_array = array_keys( $fields );
        if ( $custom_fields !== null and is_array( $custom_fields ) )
        {
            foreach( $custom_fields as $custom_field )
            {
                if ( is_array( $custom_field ) )
                {
                    $custom_text = $custom_field["operation"];
                    if ( isset( $custom_field["name"] ) )
                    {
                        $field_name = $custom_field["name"];
                        $custom_text .= " AS $field_name";
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    $custom_text = $custom_field;
                }
                $field_array[] = $custom_text;
            }
        }
        eZPersistentObject::replaceFieldsWithShortNames( $db, $fields, $field_array );
        $field_text = '';
        $i = 0;
        foreach ( $field_array as $field_item )
        {
            if ( ( $i % 7 ) == 0 and
                 $i > 0 )
                $field_text .= ",       ";
            else if ( $i > 0 )
                $field_text .= ', ';
            $field_text .= $field_item;
            ++$i;
        }

        $where_text = eZPersistentObject::conditionText( $conds );
        if ( $custom_conds )
            $where_text .= $custom_conds;

        $sort_text = "";
        if ( $sorts !== false and ( isset( $def["sort"] ) or is_array( $sorts ) ) )
        {
            $sort_list = array();
            if ( is_array( $sorts ) )
            {
                $sort_list = $sorts;
            }
            else if ( isset( $def['sort'] ) )
            {
                $sort_list = $def["sort"];
            }
            if ( count( $sort_list ) > 0 )
            {
                $sort_text = " ORDER BY ";
                $i = 0;
                foreach ( $sort_list as $sort_id => $sort_type )
                {
                    if ( $i > 0 )
                        $sort_text .= ", ";
                    if ( $sort_type == "desc" )
                        $sort_text .= "$sort_id DESC";
                    else
                        $sort_text .= "$sort_id ASC";
                    ++$i;
                }
            }
        }

        $grouping_text = "";
        if ( isset( $def["grouping"] ) or ( is_array( $grouping ) and count( $grouping ) > 0 ) )
        {
            $grouping_list = $def["grouping"];
            if ( is_array( $grouping ) )
                $grouping_list = $grouping;
            if ( count( $grouping_list ) > 0 )
            {
                $grouping_text = " GROUP BY ";
                $i = 0;
                foreach ( $grouping_list as $grouping_id )
                {
                    if ( $i > 0 )
                        $grouping_text .= ", ";
                    $grouping_text .= "$grouping_id";
                    ++$i;
                }
            }
        }

        $db_params = array();
        if ( is_array( $limit ) )
        {
            if ( isset( $limit["offset"] ) )
            {
                $db_params["offset"] = $limit["offset"];
            }
            if ( isset( $limit['limit'] ) )
            {
                $db_params["limit"] = $limit["limit"];
            }
            else
            {
                $db_params["limit"] = $limit["length"];
            }
        }

        $sqlText = "SELECT $field_text
                    FROM   $tables" .
                    $where_text .
                    $grouping_text .
                    $sort_text;
        $rows = $db->arrayQuery( $sqlText,
                                 $db_params );

        // Indicate that a DB error occured.
        if ( $rows === false )
            return null;

        $objectList = eZPersistentObject::handleRows( $rows, $class_name, $asObject );
        return $objectList;
    }

    /*!
     Creates PHP objects out of the database rows \a $rows.
     Each object is created from class \$ class_name and is passed
     as a row array as parameter.

     \param $asObject If \c true then objects will be created,
                      if not it just returns \a $rows as it is.
    */
    static function handleRows( $rows, $class_name, $asObject )
    {
        if ( $asObject )
        {
            $objects = array();
            if ( is_array( $rows ) )
            {
                foreach ( $rows as $row )
                {
                    $objects[] = new $class_name( $row );
                }
            }
            return $objects;
        }
        else
            return $rows;
    }

    /*!
     Sets row id \a $id2 to have the placement of row id \a $id1.
     \note Transaction unsafe. If you call several transaction unsafe methods you must enclose
     the calls within a db transaction; thus within db->begin and db->commit.
    */
    static function swapRow( $table, $keys, $order_id, $rows, $id1, $id2 )
    {
        $db = eZDB::instance();
        $text = $order_id . "='" . $db->escapeString( $rows[$id1][$order_id] ) . "' WHERE ";
        $i = 0;
        foreach ( $keys as $key )
        {
            if ( $i > 0 )
                $text .= " AND ";
            $text .= $key . "='" . $db->escapeString( $rows[$id2][$key] ) . "'";
            ++$i;
        }
        return "UPDATE $table SET $text";
    }

    /*!
     Returns an order value which can be used for new items in table, for instance placement.
     Uses \a $def, \a $orderField and \a $conditions to figure out the currently maximum order value
     and returns one that is larger.
    */
    static function newObjectOrder( $def, $orderField, $conditions )
    {
        $db = eZDB::instance();
        $table = $def["name"];
        $keys = $def["keys"];
        $cond_text = eZPersistentObject::conditionText( $conditions );
        $rows = $db->arrayQuery( "SELECT MAX($orderField) AS $orderField FROM $table $cond_text" );
        if ( count( $rows ) > 0 and isset( $rows[0][$orderField] ) )
            return $rows[0][$orderField] + 1;
        else
            return 1;
    }

    /*!
     Moves a row in a database table. \a $def is the object definition.
     Uses \a $orderField to determine the order of objects in a table, usually this
     is a placement of some kind. It uses this order field to figure out how move
     the row, the row is either swapped with another row which is either above or
     below according to whether \a $down is true or false, or it is swapped
     with the first item or the last item depending on whether this row is first or last.
     Uses \a $conditions to figure out unique rows.
     \sa swapRow
     \note Transaction unsafe. If you call several transaction unsafe methods you must enclose
     the calls within a db transaction; thus within db->begin and db->commit.
    */
    static function reorderObject( $def,
                            /*! Associative array with one element, the key is the order id and values is order value. */
                            $orderField,
                            $conditions,
                            $down = true )
    {
        $db = eZDB::instance();
        $table = $def["name"];
        $keys = $def["keys"];

        reset( $orderField );
        $order_id = key( $orderField );
        $order_val = $orderField[$order_id];
        if ( $down )
        {
            $order_operator = ">=";
            $order_type = "asc";
            $order_add = -1;
        }
        else
        {
            $order_operator = "<=";
            $order_type = "desc";
            $order_add = 1;
        }
        $fields = array_merge( $keys, array( $order_id ) );
        $rows = eZPersistentObject::fetchObjectList( $def,
                                                      $fields,
                                                      array_merge( $conditions,
                                                                   array( $order_id => array( $order_operator,
                                                                                              $order_val ) ) ),
                                                      array( $order_id => $order_type ),
                                                      array( "length" => 2 ),
                                                      false );
        if ( count( $rows ) == 2 )
        {
            $swapSQL1 = eZPersistentObject::swapRow( $table, $keys, $order_id, $rows, 1, 0 );
            $swapSQL2 = eZPersistentObject::swapRow( $table, $keys, $order_id, $rows, 0, 1 );
            $db->begin();
            $db->query( $swapSQL1 );
            $db->query( $swapSQL2 );
            $db->commit();
        }
        else
        {
            $tmp = eZPersistentObject::fetchObjectList( $def,
                                                         $fields,
                                                         $conditions,
                                                         array( $order_id => $order_type ),
                                                         array( "length" => 1 ),
                                                         false );
            $where_text = eZPersistentObject::conditionTextByRow( $keys, $rows[0] );
            $db->query( "UPDATE $table SET $order_id='" . ( $tmp[0][$order_id] + $order_add ) .
                        "'$where_text"  );
        }
    }

    /*!
     \return the definition for the object, the default implementation
             is to return an empty array. It's upto each inheriting class
             to return a proper definition array.

     The definition array is an associative array consists of these keys:
     - fields - an associative array of fields which defines which database field (the key) is to fetched and how they map
                to object member variables (the value).
     - keys - an array of fields which is used for uniquely identifying the object in the table.
     - function_attributes - an associative array of attributes which maps to member functions, used for fetching data with functions.
     - set_functions - an associative array of attributes which maps to member functions, used for setting data with functions.
     - increment_key - the field which is incremented on table inserts.
     - class_name - the classname which is used for instantiating new objecs when fetching from the
                    database.
     - sort - an associative array which defines the default sorting of lists, the key is the table field while the value
              is the sorting method which is either \c asc or \c desc.
     - name - the name of the database table

     Example:
\code
static function definition()
{
    return array( "fields" => array( "id" => "ID",
                                     "version" => "Version",
                                     "name" => "Name" ),
                  "keys" => array( "id", "version" ),
                  "function_attributes" => array( "current" => "currentVersion",
                                                  "class_name" => "className" ),
                  "increment_key" => "id",
                  "class_name" => "eZContentClass",
                  "sort" => array( "id" => "asc" ),
                  "name" => "ezcontentclass" );
}
\endcode
    */
    static function definition()
    {
        return array();
    }

    static function escapeArray( $array )
    {
        $db = eZDB::instance();
        $out = array();
        foreach( $array as $key => $value )
        {
            if ( is_array( $value ) )
            {
                $tmp = array();
                foreach( $value as $valueItem )
                {
                    $tmp[] = $db->escapeString( $valueItem );
                }
                $out[$key] = $tmp;
                unset( $tmp );
            }
            else
                $out[$key] = $db->escapeString( $value );
        }
        return $out;
    }

    /*!
     \note Transaction unsafe. If you call several transaction unsafe methods you must enclose
     the calls within a db transaction; thus within db->begin and db->commit.
     */
    static function updateObjectList( $parameters )
    {
        $db = eZDB::instance();
        $def = $parameters['definition'];
        $table = $def['name'];
        $fields = $def['fields'];
        $keys = $def['keys'];

        $updateFields = $parameters['update_fields'];
        $conditions = $parameters['conditions'];

        $query = "UPDATE $table SET ";
        $i = 0;
        $valueBound = false;

        foreach( $updateFields as $field => $value )
        {
            $fieldDef = $fields[ $field ];
            $numericDataTypes = array( 'integer', 'float', 'double' );
            if ( strlen( $value ) == 0 &&
                 is_array( $fieldDef ) &&
                 in_array( $fieldDef['datatype'], $numericDataTypes  ) &&
                 array_key_exists( 'default', $fieldDef ) &&
                 $fieldDef[ 'default' ] !== null )
            {
                $value = $fieldDef[ 'default' ];
            }

            $bindDataTypes = array( 'text' );
            if ( $db->bindingType() != eZDBInterface::BINDING_NO &&
                 strlen( $value ) > 2000 &&
                 is_array( $fieldDef ) &&
                 in_array( $fieldDef['datatype'], $bindDataTypes  )
                 )
            {
                $value = $db->bindVariable( $value, $fieldDef );
                $valueBound = true;
            }
            else
                $valueBound = false;

            if ( $i > 0 )
                $query .= ', ';
            if ( $valueBound )
                $query .= $field . "=" . $value;
            else
                $query .= $field . "='" . $db->escapeString( $value ) . "'";
            ++$i;
        }
        $query .= ' WHERE ';
        $i = 0;
        foreach( $conditions as $conditionKey => $condition )
        {
            if ( $i > 0 )
                $query .= ' AND ';
            if ( is_array( $condition ) )
            {
                $query .= $conditionKey . ' IN (';
                $j = 0;
                foreach( $condition as $conditionValue )
                {
                    if ( $j > 0 )
                        $query .= ', ';
                    $query .= "'" . $db->escapeString( $conditionValue ) . "'";
                    ++$j;
                }
                $query .= ')';
            }
            else
                $query .= $conditionKey . "='" . $db->escapeString( $condition ) . "'";
            ++$i;
        }
        $db->query( $query );
    }

    /*!
     \return the attributes for this object, taken from the definition fields and
             function attributes.
    */
    function attributes()
    {
        $def = $this->definition();
        $attrs = array_keys( $def["fields"] );
        if ( isset( $def["function_attributes"] ) )
            $attrs = array_unique( array_merge( $attrs, array_keys( $def["function_attributes"] ) ) );
        if ( isset( $def["functions"] ) )
            $attrs = array_unique( array_merge( $attrs, array_keys( $def["functions"] ) ) );
        return $attrs;
    }

    /*!
     \return true if the attribute \a $attr is part of the definition fields or function attributes.
    */
    function hasAttribute( $attr )
    {
        $def = $this->definition();
        $has_attr = isset( $def["fields"][$attr] );
        if ( !$has_attr and isset( $def["function_attributes"] ) )
            $has_attr = isset( $def["function_attributes"][$attr] );
        if ( !$has_attr and isset( $def["functions"] ) )
            $has_attr = isset( $def["functions"][$attr] );
        return $has_attr;
    }

    /*!
     \return the attribute data for \a $attr, this is either returned from the member variables
             or a member function depending on whether the definition field or function attributes matched.
    */
    function attribute( $attr, $noFunction = false )
    {
        $def = $this->definition();
        $fields = $def["fields"];
        $functions = isset( $def["functions"] ) ? $def["functions"] : null;
        $attrFunctions = isset( $def["function_attributes"] ) ? $def["function_attributes"] : null;
        if ( $noFunction === false and isset( $attrFunctions[$attr] ) )
        {
            $functionName = $attrFunctions[$attr];
            $retVal = null;
            if ( method_exists( $this, $functionName ) )
            {
                $retVal = $this->$functionName();
            }
            else
            {
                eZDebug::writeError( 'Could not find function : "' . get_class( $this ) . '::' . $functionName . '()".', __METHOD__ );
            }
            return $retVal;
        }
        else if ( isset( $fields[$attr] ) )
        {
            $attrName = $fields[$attr];
            if ( is_array( $attrName ) )
            {
                $attrName = $attrName['name'];
            }
            return $this->$attrName;
        }
        else if ( isset( $functions[$attr] ) )
        {
            $functionName = $functions[$attr];
            return $this->$functionName();
        }
        else
        {
            eZDebug::writeError( "Attribute '$attr' does not exist", $def['class_name'] . '::attribute' );
            $attrValue = null;
            return $attrValue;
        }
    }

    /*!
     Sets the attribute \a $attr to the value \a $val. The attribute must be present in the
     objects definition fields or set functions.
    */
    function setAttribute( $attr, $val )
    {
        $def = $this->definition();
        $fields = $def["fields"];
        $functions = isset( $def["set_functions"] ) ? $def["set_functions"] : null;
        if ( isset( $fields[$attr] ) )
        {
            $attrName = $fields[$attr];
            if ( is_array( $attrName ) )
            {
                $attrName = $attrName['name'];
            }

            $oldValue = null;
            if ( isset( $this->$attrName ) )
                $oldValue = $this->$attrName;
            $this->$attrName = $val;
            if ( $oldValue === null ||
                 $oldValue !== $val )
                $this->setHasDirtyData( true );
        }
        else if ( isset( $functions[$attr] ) )
        {
            $functionName =…

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