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  9.     <title>Welcome to Todo for Flask’s documentation! &mdash; flask-simple-todo v0.1 documentation</title>
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    26. 

  26.   <body>
    27. 

  27.     <div class="related">
    28. 

  28.       <h3>Navigation</h3>
    29. 

  29.       <ul>
    30. 

  30.         <li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px">
    31. 

  31.           <a href="genindex.html" title="General Index"
    32. 

  32.              accesskey="I">index</a></li>
    33. 

  33.         <li><a href="#">flask-simple-todo v0.1 documentation</a> &raquo;</li> 
    34. 

  34.       </ul>
    35. 

  35.     </div>  
    36. 

  36. 

  37.     <div class="document">
    38. 

  38.       <div class="documentwrapper">
    39. 

  39.         <div class="bodywrapper">
    40. 

  40.           <div class="body">
    41. 

  41.             
    42. 

  42.   <div class="section" id="welcome-to-todo-for-flask-s-documentation">
    43. 

  43. <h1>Welcome to Todo for Flask&#8217;s documentation!<a class="headerlink" href="#welcome-to-todo-for-flask-s-documentation" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h1>
    44. 

  44. </div>
    45. 

  45. <div class="section" id="todo">
    46. 

  46. <h1>介绍 Todo<a class="headerlink" href="#todo" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h1>
    47. 

  47. <p>看着高手们用不同的Web框架实现了这个小应用，而我这样的新手正在学习Flask，就拿来练下手了，他们用不同的框架所实现的应用：</p>
    48. 

  48. <ul class="simple">
    49. 

  49. <li>web.py版 <a class="reference external" href="http://simple-is-better.com/news/309">http://simple-is-better.com/news/309</a></li>
    50. 

  50. <li>Uliweb版 <a class="reference external" href="http://limodou.github.com/uliweb-doc/basic.html">http://limodou.github.com/uliweb-doc/basic.html</a></li>
    51. 

  51. <li>Bottle版 <a class="reference external" href="https://bitbucket.org/ZoomQuiet/bottle-simple-tod">https://bitbucket.org/ZoomQuiet/bottle-simple-tod</a></li>
    52. 

  52. </ul>
    53. 

  53. <p>TODO具备的功能：</p>
    54. 

  54. <ul class="simple">
    55. 

  55. <li>实现任务的追加，修改，删除功能。</li>
    56. 

  56. <li>完成或重置任务功能。</li>
    57. 

  57. </ul>
    58. 

  58. <p>使用了 <a class="reference external" href="http://packages.python.org/Flask-SQLAlchemy/">Flask-SQLAlchemy</a> 扩展，数据库用的是 <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">sqlite</span></tt> ，为因为他很小型，在做开发的时候用着不错。下面就开始一步步的构建这个程序。</p>
    59. 

  59. </div>
    60. 

  60. <div class="section" id="id1">
    61. 

  61. <h1>初始准备：创建目录<a class="headerlink" href="#id1" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h1>
    62. 

  62. <p>web应用，多不是一个单一的程序就能解决问题的，创建一个目录，将所有内容放在这个目录中，方便管理。本应用目录为：:</p>
    63. 

  63. <div class="highlight-python"><pre>/todo
    64. 

  64.    /static
    65. 

  65.    /templates</pre>
    66. 

  66. </div>
    67. 

  67. <p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">static</span></tt> 目录用于存放如img、js、css等文件，这些文件能通过HTTP直接访问， <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">templates</span></tt> 用于存放Flask应用所需要的 <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">jinja2</span></tt> 模板文件。我们把所有的模板文件都放在此目录中。</p>
    68. 

  68. </div>
    69. 

  69. <div class="section" id="id2">
    70. 

  70. <h1>构建应用程序代码<a class="headerlink" href="#id2" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h1>
    71. 

  71. <p>当我们准备好了应用的模式后，就可以创建应用的模块了。本例中，我把它叫做 <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">todo.py</span></tt> ，并把它放在 todo 目录中。首先我们要导入一些Flash必用的模块和配置。如果是一个小应用的话，配置可直接放在模块中，如果应用比较大，可使用单独的文件进行配置，然后再导入主模块中即可。</p>
    72. 

  72. <div class="section" id="id3">
    73. 

  73. <h2>导入模块<a class="headerlink" href="#id3" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
    74. 

  74. <div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">flask</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Flask</span>
    75. 

  75. </pre></div>
    76. 

  76. </div>
    77. 

  77. <p>这里只导入了一个 <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Flask</span></tt> 模块，只需要这个一个模块，程序就能运行起来了，当然对于更复杂的应用，光这一个模块是不够的，待会遇到之时，我们再进行导入。</p>
    78. 

  78. </div>
    79. 

  79. <div class="section" id="id4">
    80. 

  80. <h2>配置<a class="headerlink" href="#id4" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
    81. 

  81. <div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="n">DEBUG</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">True</span>
    82. 

  82. <span class="n">SECRET_KEY</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">&#39;secret_key&#39;</span>
    83. 

  83. </pre></div>
    84. 

  84. </div>
    85. 

  85. <p>配置选项一，开启服务器的debug支持，每次修改服务器都会自动重启，如果出现问题的话，还会提供一个有用的调试器。Debug标志用来指示是否开启交互debugger。永远不要在生产环境下开始 debug标志，因为这样会允许用户在服务器上执行代码！</p>
    86. 

  86. <p>配置选项二，我们需要设置 secret_key 来确保客户端Session的安全。合理的设置这个值，而且越复杂越好。Python中的 <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">os.urandom</span></tt> 可方便获得：</p>
    87. 

  87. <div class="highlight-python"><pre>In [1]: import os
    88. 

  88. In [2]: os.urandom(24)
    89. 

  89. Out[2]: '7\xe9\xcf\x17\x11\x92I^"|\xbc\x85\xc8\xc1u\x18\xbb\xec\xc9\xe2\xbb,\x9fX'</pre>
    90. 

  90. </div>
    91. 

  91. <p>将产生的字符串复制替换掉 <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">secret_key</span></tt> 即可</p>
    92. 

  92. </div>
    93. 

  93. <div class="section" id="id5">
    94. 

  94. <h2>配置初始化<a class="headerlink" href="#id5" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
    95. 

  95. <p>由于只是一个小应用，初始化我们放在同一文件中完成</p>
    96. 

  96. <div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="n">app</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Flask</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">__name__</span><span class="p">)</span>
    97. 

  97. <span class="n">app</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">config</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">from_object</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">__name__</span><span class="p">)</span>
    98. 

  98. </pre></div>
    99. 

  99. </div>
    100. 

  100. <p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">from_object</span></tt> 会识别给出的对象（如果是一个字符串，它会自动导入这个模块），然后查找所有已定义的大写变量。在我们这个例子里，配置在几行代码前。你也可以把它移动到一个单独的文件中。</p>
    101. 

  101. </div>
    102. 

  102. <div class="section" id="id6">
    103. 

  103. <h2>开启服务器<a class="headerlink" href="#id6" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
    104. 

  104. <p>要启动服务器，在最后加入这样的代码：:</p>
    105. 

  105. <div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">__name__</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s">&#39;__main__&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span>
    106. 

  106.     <span class="n">app</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">run</span><span class="p">()</span>
    107. 

  107. </pre></div>
    108. 

  108. </div>
    109. 

  109. <p>现在就能启动服务器了：:</p>
    110. 

  110. <div class="highlight-python"><pre>python todo.py</pre>
    111. 

  111. </div>
    112. 

  112. <p>启动后的提示是这样的：:</p>
    113. 

  113. <div class="highlight-python"><pre>* Running on http://127.0.0.1:5000/
    114. 

  114. * Restarting with reloader...</pre>
    115. 

  115. </div>
    116. 

  116. <p>这时就能在浏览器中打开这个网址了，不过此时访问服务器，你会得到一个404页面没找到的错误。因为我们还没有创建视图。</p>
    117. 

  117. </div>
    118. 

  118. <div class="section" id="id7">
    119. 

  119. <h2>第一步代码<a class="headerlink" href="#id7" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
    120. 

  120. <p>第一步后，代码像这样：</p>
    121. 

  121. <div class="highlight-python"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre> 1
    122. 

  122.  2
    123. 

  123.  3
    124. 

  124.  4
    125. 

  125.  5
    126. 

  126.  6
    127. 

  127.  7
    128. 

  128.  8
    129. 

  129.  9
    130. 

  130. 10
    131. 

  131. 11
    132. 

  132. 12</pre></div></td><td class="code"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="c">#!/usr/bin/env python</span>
    133. 

  133. <span class="c">#coding:utf-8</span>
    134. 

  134. 

  135. <span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">flask</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Flask</span>
    136. 

  136. 

  137. <span class="n">DEBUG</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">True</span>
    138. 

  138. <span class="n">SECRET_KEY</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">&#39;7</span><span class="se">\xe9\xcf\x17\x11\x92</span><span class="s">I^&quot;|</span><span class="se">\xbc\x85\xc8\xc1</span><span class="s">u</span><span class="se">\x18\xbb\xec\xc9\xe2\xbb</span><span class="s">,</span><span class="se">\x9f</span><span class="s">X&#39;</span>
    139. 

  139. <span class="n">app</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Flask</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">__name__</span><span class="p">)</span>
    140. 

  140. <span class="n">app</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">config</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">from_object</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">__name__</span><span class="p">)</span>
    141. 

  141. 

  142. <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">__name__</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s">&#39;__main__&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span>
    143. 

  143.     <span class="n">app</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">run</span><span class="p">()</span>
    144. 

  144. </pre></div>
    145. 

  145. </td></tr></table></div>
    146. 

  146. </div>
    147. 

  147. </div>
    148. 

  148. <div class="section" id="id8">
    149. 

  149. <h1>创建数据库<a class="headerlink" href="#id8" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h1>
    150. 

  150. <p>创建数据库，分为三步： 配置数据库，初始化数据库和数据库模型，这里以 <a class="reference external" href="http://packages.python.org/Flask-SQLAlchemy/">Flask-SQLAlchemy</a> 为例。</p>
    151. 

  151. <div class="section" id="id9">
    152. 

  152. <h2>配置<a class="headerlink" href="#id9" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
    153. 

  153. <p>配置数据库，只需要模块的配置部分加入下面这行代码：:</p>
    154. 

  154. <div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="n">SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">&#39;sqlite:///todo.sqlite&#39;</span>
    155. 

  155. </pre></div>
    156. 

  156. </div>
    157. 

  157. <p>这是一个关于 sqlite 的配置，其它配置，可参看 <a class="reference external" href="http://packages.python.org/Flask-SQLAlchemy/config.html#connection-uri-format">这里</a> 。</p>
    158. 

  158. </div>
    159. 

  159. <div class="section" id="id11">
    160. 

  160. <h2>创建数据库实例<a class="headerlink" href="#id11" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
    161. 

  161. <p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">SQLAlchemy</span></tt> 模块导入：:</p>
    162. 

  162. <div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">flaskext.sqlalchemy</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">SQLAlchemy</span>
    163. 

  163. </pre></div>
    164. 

  164. </div>
    165. 

  165. <p>在前面的 <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">app</span></tt> 配置后面加入下面两行代码：:</p>
    166. 

  166. <div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="n">db</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">SQLAlchemy</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">app</span><span class="p">)</span>
    167. 

  167. <span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">init_app</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">app</span><span class="p">)</span>
    168. 

  168. </pre></div>
    169. 

  169. </div>
    170. 

  170. </div>
    171. 

  171. <div class="section" id="id12">
    172. 

  172. <h2>创建数据模型<a class="headerlink" href="#id12" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
    173. 

  173. <p>数据模型：:</p>
    174. 

  174. <div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">Todo</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Model</span><span class="p">):</span>
    175. 

  175.     <span class="sd">&#39;&#39;&#39;数据模型&#39;&#39;&#39;</span>
    176. 

  176. 

  177.     <span class="nb">id</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Column</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">primary_key</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
    178. 

  178.     <span class="n">title</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Column</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">String</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">255</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">nullable</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">False</span><span class="p">)</span>
    179. 

  179.     <span class="n">posted_on</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Column</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Date</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">default</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">datetime</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">utcnow</span><span class="p">)</span>
    180. 

  180.     <span class="n">status</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Column</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Boolean</span><span class="p">(),</span> <span class="n">default</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">False</span><span class="p">)</span>
    181. 

  181. </pre></div>
    182. 

  182. </div>
    183. 

  183. <p>模型型初始化：:</p>
    184. 

  184. <div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="n">args</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">):</span>
    185. 

  185.     <span class="nb">super</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Todo</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">args</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">)</span>
    186. 

  186. 

  187. <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">__repr__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
    188. 

  188.     <span class="k">return</span> <span class="s">&quot;&lt;Todo &#39;</span><span class="si">%s</span><span class="s">&#39;&gt;&quot;</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">title</span>
    189. 

  189. </pre></div>
    190. 

  190. </div>
    191. 

  191. <p>模型增补数据操作功能：:</p>
    192. 

  192. <div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">store_to_db</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
    193. 

  193.     <span class="sd">&#39;&#39;&#39;保存数据到数据库&#39;&#39;&#39;</span>
    194. 

  194. 

  195.     <span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">session</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span>
    196. 

  196.     <span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">session</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">commit</span><span class="p">()</span>
    197. 

  197. 

  198. <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">delete_todo</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
    199. 

  199.     <span class="sd">&#39;&#39;&#39;删除数据&#39;&#39;&#39;</span>
    200. 

  200. 

  201.     <span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">session</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">delete</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span>
    202. 

  202.     <span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">session</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">commit</span><span class="p">()</span>
    203. 

  203. </pre></div>
    204. 

  204. </div>
    205. 

  205. </div>
    206. 

  206. <div class="section" id="id13">
    207. 

  207. <h2>初始化数据库<a class="headerlink" href="#id13" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
    208. 

  208. <p>进入python命令行，然后：:</p>
    209. 

  209. <div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">todo</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">db</span>
    210. 

  210. <span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">create_all</span><span class="p">()</span>
    211. 

  211. </pre></div>
    212. 

  212. </div>
    213. 

  213. <p>如果没问题的话，你可以在当前目录中看到数据库文件了。如果需要重建数据表，可使用 <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">db.drop_all()</span></tt> 清除数据。</p>
    214. 

  214. </div>
    215. 

  215. <div class="section" id="id14">
    216. 

  216. <h2>第二步代码<a class="headerlink" href="#id14" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
    217. 

  217. <p>第二步后，代码像这样：</p>
    218. 

  218. <div class="highlight-python"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre> 1
    219. 

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  260. 43
    261. 

  261. 44</pre></div></td><td class="code"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="c">#!/usr/bin/env python</span>
    262. 

  262. <span class="c">#coding:utf-8</span>
    263. 

  263. 

  264. <span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">flask</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Flask</span>
    265. 

  265. <span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">flaskext.sqlalchemy</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">SQLAlchemy</span>
    266. 

  266. 

  267. <span class="n">DEBUG</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">True</span>
    268. 

  268. <span class="n">SECRET_KEY</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">&#39;7</span><span class="se">\xe9\xcf\x17\x11\x92</span><span class="s">I^&quot;|</span><span class="se">\xbc\x85\xc8\xc1</span><span class="s">u</span><span class="se">\x18\xbb\xec\xc9\xe2\xbb</span><span class="s">,</span><span class="se">\x9f</span><span class="s">X&#39;</span>
    269. 

  269. <span class="n">SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">&#39;sqlite:///todo.sqlite&#39;</span>
    270. 

  270. 

  271. <span class="n">app</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Flask</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">__name__</span><span class="p">)</span>
    272. 

  272. <span class="n">app</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">config</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">from_object</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">__name__</span><span class="p">)</span>
    273. 

  273. <span class="n">db</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">SQLAlchemy</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">app</span><span class="p">)</span>
    274. 

  274. <span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">init_app</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">app</span><span class="p">)</span>
    275. 

  275. 

  276. <span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">Todo</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Model</span><span class="p">):</span>
    277. 

  277.     <span class="sd">&#39;&#39;&#39;数据模型&#39;&#39;&#39;</span>
    278. 

  278.     
    279. 

  279.     <span class="nb">id</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Column</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">primary_key</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
    280. 

  280.     <span class="n">title</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Column</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">String</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">255</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">nullable</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">False</span><span class="p">)</span>
    281. 

  281.     <span class="n">posted_on</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Column</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Date</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">default</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">datetime</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">utcnow</span><span class="p">)</span>
    282. 

  282.     <span class="n">status</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Column</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Boolean</span><span class="p">(),</span> <span class="n">default</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">False</span><span class="p">)</span>
    283. 

  283. 

  284.     <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="n">args</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">):</span>
    285. 

  285.         <span class="nb">super</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Todo</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">args</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">)</span>
    286. 

  286. 

  287.     <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">__repr__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
    288. 

  288.         <span class="k">return</span> <span class="s">&quot;&lt;Todo &#39;</span><span class="si">%s</span><span class="s">&#39;&gt;&quot;</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">title</span>
    289. 

  289. 

  290.     <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">store_to_db</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
    291. 

  291.         <span class="sd">&#39;&#39;&#39;保存数据到数据库&#39;&#39;&#39;</span>
    292. 

  292.         
    293. 

  293.         <span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">session</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span>
    294. 

  294.         <span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">session</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">commit</span><span class="p">()</span>
    295. 

  295. 

  296.     <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">delete_todo</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
    297. 

  297.         <span class="sd">&#39;&#39;&#39;删除数据&#39;&#39;&#39;</span>
    298. 

  298.         
    299. 

  299.         <span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">session</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">delete</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span>
    300. 

  300.         <span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">session</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">commit</span><span class="p">()</span>
    301. 

  301. 

  302. 

  303. <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">__name__</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s">&#39;__main__&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span>
    304. 

  304.     <span class="n">app</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">run</span><span class="p">()</span>
    305. 

  305. </pre></div>
    306. 

  306. </td></tr></table></div>
    307. 

  307. </div>
    308. 

  308. </div>
    309. 

  309. <div class="section" id="id15">
    310. 

  310. <h1>表单<a class="headerlink" href="#id15" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h1>
    311. 

  311. <p>表单引入模块：:</p>
    312. 

  312. <div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">flaskext.wtf</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Form</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">TextField</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">SubmitField</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">required</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ValidationError</span>
    313. 

  313. </pre></div>
    314. 

  314. </div>
    315. 

  315. <p>表单代码：:</p>
    316. 

  316. <div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">TodoForm</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Form</span><span class="p">):</span>
    317. 

  317.     <span class="sd">&#39;&#39;&#39;表单&#39;&#39;&#39;</span>
    318. 

  318. 

  319.     <span class="n">title</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">TextField</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">u&quot;内容&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">validators</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">required</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">message</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">u&quot;任务内容&quot;</span><span class="p">)])</span>
    320. 

  320. </pre></div>
    321. 

  321. </div>
    322. 

  322. <p>只是一个表单，当然也可以直接放到html中.定义好的表单，可用如下方式进行调用：:</p>
    323. 

  323. <div class="highlight-python"><pre>{{ form.title.label }} {{ form.title }}</pre>
    324. 

  324. </div>
    325. 

  325. <p>将其写入HTML的 <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">&lt;form&gt;&lt;/form</span></tt> 即可。</p>
    326. 

  326. </div>
    327. 

  327. <div class="section" id="id16">
    328. 

  328. <h1>视图<a class="headerlink" href="#id16" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h1>
    329. 

  329. <p>现在数据库连接已能正常工作了，这步就开始写视图函数。五个功能视图及一个404视图。</p>
    330. 

  330. <div class="section" id="route">
    331. 

  331. <h2>route<a class="headerlink" href="#route" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
    332. 

  332. <p>装饰器 <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">flask.Flask.route</span></tt> 用于绑定一个函数到一个网址。但是它不仅仅只有这些!你可以构造动态的网址并给函数附加多个规则.</p>
    333. 

  333. <p>这里是一个例子：:</p>
    334. 

  334. <div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nd">@app.route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;/&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
    335. 

  335. <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">index</span><span class="p">():</span>
    336. 

  336.     <span class="k">return</span> <span class="s">&#39;Index Page&#39;</span>
    337. 

  337. 

  338. <span class="nd">@app.route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;/hello&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
    339. 

  339. <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">hello</span><span class="p">():</span>
    340. 

  340.     <span class="k">return</span> <span class="s">&#39;Hello World&#39;</span>
    341. 

  341. </pre></div>
    342. 

  342. </div>
    343. 

  343. <p>一个函数可对应我个视图。如 <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">index</span></tt> 视图，也可以再加个 <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">&#64;app.route('/index')</span></tt> ,这样 <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/</span></tt> 和 <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/index</span></tt> 都会调用 <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">index</span></tt> 函数。每个视力都必须 <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">return</span></tt> 语句返回调用。</p>
    344. 

  344. </div>
    345. 

  345. <div class="section" id="id17">
    346. 

  346. <h2>主视图<a class="headerlink" href="#id17" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
    347. 

  347. <p>主视图代码如下：</p>
    348. 

  348. <div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nd">@app.route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;/&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">methods</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">&#39;GET&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;POST&#39;</span><span class="p">])</span>
    349. 

  349. <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">index</span><span class="p">():</span>
    350. 

  350.     <span class="n">todo</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Todo</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">query</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">order_by</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;-id&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
    351. 

  351.     <span class="n">form</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">TodoForm</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">form</span><span class="p">)</span>
    352. 

  352.     <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">request</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s">&#39;POST&#39;</span> <span class="ow">and</span> <span class="n">form</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">validate_on_submit</span><span class="p">():</span>
    353. 

  353.         <span class="n">t</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Todo</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">title</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">form</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">title</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">)</span>
    354. 

  354.         <span class="k">try</span><span class="p">:</span>
    355. 

  355.             <span class="n">t</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">store_to_db</span><span class="p">()</span>
    356. 

  356.             <span class="n">flash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">u&quot;添加成功&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
    357. 

  357.             <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">redirect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">args</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;next&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="n">url_for</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;index&#39;</span><span class="p">))</span>
    358. 

  358.         <span class="k">except</span><span class="p">:</span>
    359. 

  359.             <span class="n">flash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">u&#39;存储失败！&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
    360. 

  360. 

  361.     <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">render_template</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;index.html&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">todo</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">todo</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">form</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">form</span><span class="p">)</span>
    362. 

  362. </pre></div>
    363. 

  363. </div>
    364. 

  364. </div>
    365. 

  365. <div class="section" id="id18">
    366. 

  366. <h2>编辑视图<a class="headerlink" href="#id18" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
    367. 

  367. <div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nd">@app.route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;/&lt;int:id&gt;/edit&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">methods</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">&#39;GET&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;POST&#39;</span><span class="p">])</span>
    368. 

  368. <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">edit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">id</span><span class="p">):</span>
    369. 

  369.     <span class="n">todo</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Todo</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">query</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">filter_by</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">id</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">first</span><span class="p">()</span>
    370. 

  370.     <span class="n">form</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">TodoForm</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">title</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">todo</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">title</span><span class="p">)</span>
    371. 

  371.     <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">request</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s">&#39;POST&#39;</span> <span class="ow">and</span> <span class="n">form</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">validate_on_submit</span><span class="p">():</span>
    372. 

  372.         <span class="n">Todo</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">query</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">filter_by</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">id</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">update</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="n">Todo</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">title</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">form</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">&#39;title&#39;</span><span class="p">]})</span>
    373. 

  373.         <span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">session</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">commit</span><span class="p">()</span>
    374. 

  374.         <span class="n">flash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">u&quot;记录编辑成功&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
    375. 

  375.         <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">redirect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">url_for</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;index&#39;</span><span class="p">))</span>
    376. 

  376. 

  377.     <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">render_template</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;edit.html&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">todo</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">todo</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">form</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">form</span><span class="p">)</span>
    378. 

  378. </pre></div>
    379. 

  379. </div>
    380. 

  380. </div>
    381. 

  381. <div class="section" id="id19">
    382. 

  382. <h2>删除视图<a class="headerlink" href="#id19" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
    383. 

  383. <div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">tdel</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">id</span><span class="p">):</span>
    384. 

  384.     <span class="n">todo</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Todo</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">query</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">filter_by</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">id</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">first</span><span class="p">()</span>
    385. 

  385.     <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">todo</span><span class="p">:</span>
    386. 

  386.         <span class="n">todo</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">delete_todo</span><span class="p">()</span>
    387. 

  387.     <span class="n">flash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">u&quot;记录删除成功&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
    388. 

  388.     <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">redirect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">url_for</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;index&#39;</span><span class="p">))</span>
    389. 

  389. </pre></div>
    390. 

  390. </div>
    391. 

  391. </div>
    392. 

  392. <div class="section" id="id20">
    393. 

  393. <h2>完成视图<a class="headerlink" href="#id20" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
    394. 

  394. <div class="highlight-python"><pre>@app.route('/&lt;int:id&gt;/done')
    395. 

  395.     def done(id):
    396. 

  396.     todo = Todo.query.filter_by(id=id).first()
    397. 

  397.     if todo:
    398. 

  398.         Todo.query.filter_by(id=id).update({Todo.status:True})
    399. 

  399.         db.session.commit()
    400. 

  400.         flash(u"任务完成")
    401. 

  401. 

  402.     return redirect(url_for('index'))</pre>
    403. 

  403. </div>
    404. 

  404. </div>
    405. 

  405. <div class="section" id="id21">
    406. 

  406. <h2>重置视图<a class="headerlink" href="#id21" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
    407. 

  407. <div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nd">@app.route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;/&lt;int:id&gt;/redo&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
    408. 

  408. <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">redo</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">id</span><span class="p">):</span>
    409. 

  409.     <span class="n">todo</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Todo</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">query</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">filter_by</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">id</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">first</span><span class="p">()</span>
    410. 

  410.     <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">todo</span><span class="p">:</span>
    411. 

  411.         <span class="n">Todo</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">query</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">filter_by</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">id</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">update</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="n">Todo</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">status</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="bp">False</span><span class="p">})</span>
    412. 

  412.         <span class="n">flash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">u&quot;记录重置成功&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
    413. 

  413.         <span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">session</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">commit</span><span class="p">()</span>
    414. 

  414. 

  415.     <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">redirect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">url_for</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;index&#39;</span><span class="p">))</span>
    416. 

  416. </pre></div>
    417. 

  417. </div>
    418. 

  418. </div>
    419. 

  419. <div class="section" id="id22">
    420. 

  420. <h2>404视图<a class="headerlink" href="#id22" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
    421. 

  421. <div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nd">@app.errorhandler</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">404</span><span class="p">)</span>
    422. 

  422. <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">page_not_found</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">error</span><span class="p">):</span>
    423. 

  423.     <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">render_template</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;page_404.html&#39;</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="mi">404</span>
    424. 

  424. </pre></div>
    425. 

  425. </div>
    426. 

  426. </div>
    427. 

  427. <div class="section" id="id23">
    428. 

  428. <h2>整个代码<a class="headerlink" href="#id23" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
    429. 

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  540. 112</pre></div></td><td class="code"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="c">#!/usr/bin/env python</span>
    541. 

  541. <span class="c">#coding:utf-8</span>
    542. 

  542. 

  543. <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">os</span>
    544. 

  544. <span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">datetime</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">datetime</span>
    545. 

  545. 

  546. <span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">flask</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Flask</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">render_template</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">url_for</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">redirect</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">flash</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">request</span>
    547. 

  547. <span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">flaskext.sqlalchemy</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">SQLAlchemy</span>
    548. 

  548. <span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">flaskext.wtf</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Form</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">TextField</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">SubmitField</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">required</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ValidationError</span>
    549. 

  549. 

  550. <span class="n">DEBUG</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">True</span>
    551. 

  551. <span class="n">SECRET_KEY</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">&#39;7</span><span class="se">\xe9\xcf\x17\x11\x92</span><span class="s">I^&quot;|</span><span class="se">\xbc\x85\xc8\xc1</span><span class="s">u</span><span class="se">\x18\xbb\xec\xc9\xe2\xbb</span><span class="s">,</span><span class="se">\x9f</span><span class="s">X&#39;</span>
    552. 

  552. <span class="n">SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">&#39;sqlite:///todo.sqlite&#39;</span>
    553. 

  553. 

  554. <span class="n">app</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Flask</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">__name__</span><span class="p">)</span>
    555. 

  555. <span class="n">app</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">config</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">from_object</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">__name__</span><span class="p">)</span>
    556. 

  556. <span class="n">db</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">SQLAlchemy</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">app</span><span class="p">)</span>
    557. 

  557. <span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">init_app</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">app</span><span class="p">)</span>
    558. 

  558. 

  559. <span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">Todo</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Model</span><span class="p">):</span>
    560. 

  560.     <span class="sd">&#39;&#39;&#39;数据模型&#39;&#39;&#39;</span>
    561. 

  561.     
    562. 

  562.     <span class="nb">id</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Column</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">primary_key</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
    563. 

  563.     <span class="n">title</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Column</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">String</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">255</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">nullable</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">False</span><span class="p">)</span>
    564. 

  564.     <span class="n">posted_on</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Column</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Date</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">default</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">datetime</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">utcnow</span><span class="p">)</span>
    565. 

  565.     <span class="n">status</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Column</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Boolean</span><span class="p">(),</span> <span class="n">default</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">False</span><span class="p">)</span>
    566. 

  566. 

  567.     <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="n">args</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">):</span>
    568. 

  568.         <span class="nb">super</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Todo</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">args</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">)</span>
    569. 

  569. 

  570.     <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">__repr__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
    571. 

  571.         <span class="k">return</span> <span class="s">&quot;&lt;Todo &#39;</span><span class="si">%s</span><span class="s">&#39;&gt;&quot;</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">title</span>
    572. 

  572. 

  573.     <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">store_to_db</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
    574. 

  574.         <span class="sd">&#39;&#39;&#39;保存数据到数据库&#39;&#39;&#39;</span>
    575. 

  575.         
    576. 

  576.         <span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">session</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span>
    577. 

  577.         <span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">session</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">commit</span><span class="p">()</span>
    578. 

  578. 

  579.     <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">delete_todo</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
    580. 

  580.         <span class="sd">&#39;&#39;&#39;删除数据&#39;&#39;&#39;</span>
    581. 

  581.         
    582. 

  582.         <span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">session</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">delete</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span>
    583. 

  583.         <span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">session</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">commit</span><span class="p">()</span>
    584. 

  584. 

  585. <span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">TodoForm</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Form</span><span class="p">):</span>
    586. 

  586.     <span class="sd">&#39;&#39;&#39;表单&#39;&#39;&#39;</span>
    587. 

  587.     
    588. 

  588.     <span class="n">title</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">TextField</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">u&quot;内容&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">validators</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">required</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">message</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">u&quot;任务内容&quot;</span><span class="p">)])</span>
    589. 

  589.     <span class="c">#submit = SubmitField(u&quot;Add&quot;)</span>
    590. 

  590. 

  591. <span class="nd">@app.route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;/&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">methods</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">&#39;GET&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#39;POST&#39;</span><span class="p">])</span>
    592. 

  592. <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">index</span><span class="p">():</span>
    593. 

  593.     <span class="n">todo</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Todo</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">query</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">order_by</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;-id&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
    594. 

  594.     <span class="n">form</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">TodoForm</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">form</span><span class="p">)</span>
    595. 

  595.     <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">request</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">method</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s">&#39;POST&#39;</span> <span class="ow">and</span> <span class="n">form</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">validate_on_submit</span><span class="p">():</span>
    596. 

  596.         <span class="n">t</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Todo</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">title</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">form</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">title</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">)</span>
    597. 

  597.         <span class="k">try</span><span class="p">:</span>
    598. 

  598.             <span class="n">t</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">store_to_db</span><span class="p">()</span>
    599. 

  599.             <span class="n">flash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">u&quot;添加成功&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
    600. 

  600.             <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">redirect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">args</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;next&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="n">url_for</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;index&#39;</span><span class="p">))</span>
    601. 

  601.         <span class="k">except</span><span class="p">:</span>
    602. 

  602.             <span class="n">flash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">u&#39;存储失败！&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
    603. 

  603.             
    604. 

  604.     <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">render_template</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;index.html&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">todo</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">todo</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">form</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">form</span><span class="p">)</span>
    605. 

  605. 

  606. <span class="nd">@app.route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#39;/&lt;int:id&gt;/del&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
    607. 

  607. <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">tdel</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">id</span><span class="p">):</span>
    608. 

  608.     <span class="n">todo</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Todo</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">query</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">filter_by</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">id</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">first</span><span class="p">()</span>
    609. 

  609.     <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">todo</span><span class="p">:</span>
    610. 

  610.         <span class="n">todo</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">delete_todo</span><span class="p">()</span>
    611. 

  611.     <span class="n">flash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">u&quot;记录删除成功&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
    612. 

  612.     <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">
    613.