/erts/emulator/beam/erl_alloc.c

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/*
 * %CopyrightBegin%
 *
 * Copyright Ericsson AB 2002-2020. All Rights Reserved.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 *
 * %CopyrightEnd%
 */


/*
 * Description:	Management of memory allocators.
 *
 * Author: 	Rickard Green
 */

#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
#  include "config.h"
#endif
#define ERTS_ALLOC_C__
#define ERTS_ALC_INTERNAL__
#define ERTS_WANT_MEM_MAPPERS
#include "sys.h"
#define ERL_THREADS_EMU_INTERNAL__
#include "erl_threads.h"
#include "global.h"
#include "erl_db.h"
#include "erl_binary.h"
#include "erl_bits.h"
#include "erl_mtrace.h"
#include "erl_mseg.h"
#include "erl_monitor_link.h"
#include "erl_hl_timer.h"
#include "erl_cpu_topology.h"
#include "erl_thr_queue.h"
#include "erl_nfunc_sched.h"
#if defined(ERTS_ALC_T_DRV_SEL_D_STATE) || defined(ERTS_ALC_T_DRV_EV_D_STATE)
#include "erl_check_io.h"
#endif
#include "erl_bif_unique.h"

#define GET_ERL_GF_ALLOC_IMPL
#include "erl_goodfit_alloc.h"
#define GET_ERL_BF_ALLOC_IMPL
#include "erl_bestfit_alloc.h"
#define GET_ERL_AF_ALLOC_IMPL
#include "erl_afit_alloc.h"
#define GET_ERL_AOFF_ALLOC_IMPL
#include "erl_ao_firstfit_alloc.h"


#if ERTS_MAX_NO_OF_SCHEDULERS > ERTS_AU_MAX_PREF_ALLOC_INSTANCES
#  error "Too many schedulers; cannot create that many pref alloc instances"
#endif

#define ERTS_ALC_DEFAULT_MAX_THR_PREF ERTS_MAX_NO_OF_SCHEDULERS

#if defined(SMALL_MEMORY) || defined(PURIFY) || defined(VALGRIND)
#define AU_ALLOC_DEFAULT_ENABLE(X)	0
#else
#define AU_ALLOC_DEFAULT_ENABLE(X)	(X)
#endif

#define ERTS_ALC_DEFAULT_ENABLED_ACUL 60
#define ERTS_ALC_DEFAULT_ENABLED_ACUL_EHEAP_ALLOC 45
#define ERTS_ALC_DEFAULT_ENABLED_ACUL_LL_ALLOC 85

#define ERTS_ALC_DEFAULT_ACUL ERTS_ALC_DEFAULT_ENABLED_ACUL
#define ERTS_ALC_DEFAULT_ACUL_EHEAP_ALLOC ERTS_ALC_DEFAULT_ENABLED_ACUL_EHEAP_ALLOC
#define ERTS_ALC_DEFAULT_ACUL_LL_ALLOC ERTS_ALC_DEFAULT_ENABLED_ACUL_LL_ALLOC


#ifdef DEBUG
static Uint install_debug_functions(void);
#if 0
#define HARD_DEBUG
#ifdef __GNUC__
#warning "* * * * * * * * * * * * * *"
#warning "* HARD DEBUG IS ENABLED!  *"
#warning "* * * * * * * * * * * * * *"
#endif
#endif
#endif

static int lock_all_physical_memory = 0;

ErtsAllocatorFunctions_t ERTS_WRITE_UNLIKELY(erts_allctrs[ERTS_ALC_A_MAX+1]);
ErtsAllocatorInfo_t erts_allctrs_info[ERTS_ALC_A_MAX+1];
ErtsAllocatorThrSpec_t ERTS_WRITE_UNLIKELY(erts_allctr_thr_spec[ERTS_ALC_A_MAX+1]);

#define ERTS_MIN(A, B) ((A) < (B) ? (A) : (B))
#define ERTS_MAX(A, B) ((A) > (B) ? (A) : (B))

typedef union {
    GFAllctr_t gfa;
    char align_gfa[ERTS_ALC_CACHE_LINE_ALIGN_SIZE(sizeof(GFAllctr_t))];
    BFAllctr_t bfa;
    char align_bfa[ERTS_ALC_CACHE_LINE_ALIGN_SIZE(sizeof(BFAllctr_t))];
    AFAllctr_t afa;
    char align_afa[ERTS_ALC_CACHE_LINE_ALIGN_SIZE(sizeof(AFAllctr_t))];
    AOFFAllctr_t aoffa;
    char align_aoffa[ERTS_ALC_CACHE_LINE_ALIGN_SIZE(sizeof(AOFFAllctr_t))];
} ErtsAllocatorState_t erts_align_attribute(ERTS_CACHE_LINE_SIZE);

static ErtsAllocatorState_t std_alloc_state;
static ErtsAllocatorState_t ll_alloc_state;
static ErtsAllocatorState_t sl_alloc_state;
static ErtsAllocatorState_t temp_alloc_state;
static ErtsAllocatorState_t eheap_alloc_state;
static ErtsAllocatorState_t binary_alloc_state;
static ErtsAllocatorState_t ets_alloc_state;
static ErtsAllocatorState_t driver_alloc_state;
static ErtsAllocatorState_t fix_alloc_state;
static ErtsAllocatorState_t literal_alloc_state;
#ifdef ERTS_ALC_A_EXEC
static ErtsAllocatorState_t exec_alloc_state;
#endif
static ErtsAllocatorState_t test_alloc_state;

enum {
    ERTS_ALC_INFO_A_ALLOC_UTIL = ERTS_ALC_A_MAX + 1,
    ERTS_ALC_INFO_A_MSEG_ALLOC,
    ERTS_ALC_INFO_A_ERTS_MMAP,
    ERTS_ALC_INFO_A_DISABLED_EXEC,  /* fake a disabled "exec_alloc" */
    ERTS_ALC_INFO_A_END
};

typedef struct {
    erts_atomic32_t refc;
    int only_sz;
    int internal;
    Uint req_sched;
    Process *proc;
    ErtsIRefStorage iref;
    int allocs[ERTS_ALC_INFO_A_END - ERTS_ALC_A_MIN + 1];
} ErtsAllocInfoReq;

ERTS_SCHED_PREF_QUICK_ALLOC_IMPL(aireq,
                                 ErtsAllocInfoReq,
                                 5,
                                 ERTS_ALC_T_AINFO_REQ)

ErtsAlcType_t erts_fix_core_allocator_ix;

struct au_init {
    int enable;
    int thr_spec;
    int disable_allowed;
    int thr_spec_allowed;
    int carrier_migration_allowed;
    ErtsAlcStrat_t	astrat;
    struct {
	AllctrInit_t	util;
	GFAllctrInit_t	gf;
	BFAllctrInit_t	bf;
	AFAllctrInit_t	af;
	AOFFAllctrInit_t aoff;
    } init;
    struct {
	int mmbcs;
	int lmbcs;
	int smbcs;
	int mmmbc;
    } default_;
};

#define DEFAULT_ALLCTR_INIT {		\
    ERTS_DEFAULT_ALLCTR_INIT,		\
    ERTS_DEFAULT_GF_ALLCTR_INIT,	\
    ERTS_DEFAULT_BF_ALLCTR_INIT,	\
    ERTS_DEFAULT_AF_ALLCTR_INIT,	\
    ERTS_DEFAULT_AOFF_ALLCTR_INIT       \
}

typedef struct {
    int erts_alloc_config;
#if HAVE_ERTS_MSEG
    ErtsMsegInit_t mseg;
#endif
    int trim_threshold;
    int top_pad;
    AlcUInit_t alloc_util;
    struct {
	char *mtrace;
	char *nodename;
    } instr;
    struct au_init sl_alloc;
    struct au_init std_alloc;
    struct au_init ll_alloc;
    struct au_init temp_alloc;
    struct au_init eheap_alloc;
    struct au_init binary_alloc;
    struct au_init ets_alloc;
    struct au_init driver_alloc;
    struct au_init fix_alloc;
    struct au_init literal_alloc;
    struct au_init exec_alloc;
    struct au_init test_alloc;
} erts_alc_hndl_args_init_t;

#define ERTS_AU_INIT__ {0, 0, 1, 1, 1, \
                        ERTS_ALC_S_GOODFIT, DEFAULT_ALLCTR_INIT, \
                        {1,1,1,1}}

#define SET_DEFAULT_ALLOC_OPTS(IP)					\
do {									\
    struct au_init aui__ = ERTS_AU_INIT__;				\
    sys_memcpy((void *) (IP), (void *) &aui__, sizeof(struct au_init));	\
} while (0)

static void
set_default_sl_alloc_opts(struct au_init *ip)
{
    SET_DEFAULT_ALLOC_OPTS(ip);
    ip->enable			= AU_ALLOC_DEFAULT_ENABLE(1);
    ip->thr_spec		= 1;
    ip->astrat			= ERTS_ALC_S_GOODFIT;
    ip->init.util.name_prefix	= "sl_";
    ip->init.util.alloc_no	= ERTS_ALC_A_SHORT_LIVED;
#ifndef SMALL_MEMORY
    ip->init.util.mmbcs 	= 128*1024; /* Main carrier size */
#else
    ip->init.util.mmbcs 	= 32*1024; /* Main carrier size */
#endif
    ip->init.util.ts 		= ERTS_ALC_MTA_SHORT_LIVED;
    ip->init.util.rsbcst	= 80;
    ip->init.util.acul		= ERTS_ALC_DEFAULT_ACUL;
}

static void
set_default_std_alloc_opts(struct au_init *ip)
{
    SET_DEFAULT_ALLOC_OPTS(ip);
    ip->enable			= AU_ALLOC_DEFAULT_ENABLE(1);
    ip->thr_spec		= 1;
    ip->astrat			= ERTS_ALC_S_BESTFIT;
    ip->init.util.name_prefix	= "std_";
    ip->init.util.alloc_no	= ERTS_ALC_A_STANDARD;
#ifndef SMALL_MEMORY
    ip->init.util.mmbcs 	= 128*1024; /* Main carrier size */
#else
    ip->init.util.mmbcs 	= 32*1024; /* Main carrier size */
#endif
    ip->init.util.ts 		= ERTS_ALC_MTA_STANDARD;
    ip->init.util.acul		= ERTS_ALC_DEFAULT_ACUL;
}

static void
set_default_ll_alloc_opts(struct au_init *ip)
{
    SET_DEFAULT_ALLOC_OPTS(ip);
    ip->enable			= AU_ALLOC_DEFAULT_ENABLE(1);
    ip->thr_spec		= 0;
    ip->astrat			= ERTS_ALC_S_BESTFIT;
    ip->init.bf.ao		= 1;
    ip->init.util.ramv		= 0;
    ip->init.util.mmsbc		= 0;
    ip->init.util.sbct		= ~((UWord) 0);
    ip->init.util.name_prefix	= "ll_";
    ip->init.util.alloc_no	= ERTS_ALC_A_LONG_LIVED;
#ifndef SMALL_MEMORY
    ip->init.util.mmbcs 	= 2*1024*1024; /* Main carrier size */
#else
    ip->init.util.mmbcs 	= 1*1024*1024; /* Main carrier size */
#endif
    ip->init.util.ts 		= ERTS_ALC_MTA_LONG_LIVED;
    ip->init.util.asbcst	= 0;
    ip->init.util.rsbcst	= 0;
    ip->init.util.rsbcmt	= 0;
    ip->init.util.rmbcmt	= 0;
    ip->init.util.acul		= ERTS_ALC_DEFAULT_ACUL_LL_ALLOC;
}

static void
set_default_literal_alloc_opts(struct au_init *ip)
{
    SET_DEFAULT_ALLOC_OPTS(ip);
    ip->enable			= 1;
    ip->thr_spec		= 0;
    ip->disable_allowed         = 0;
    ip->thr_spec_allowed        = 0;
    ip->carrier_migration_allowed = 0;
    ip->astrat			= ERTS_ALC_S_BESTFIT;
    ip->init.bf.ao		= 1;
    ip->init.util.ramv		= 0;
    ip->init.util.mmsbc		= 0;
    ip->init.util.sbct		= ~((UWord) 0);
    ip->init.util.name_prefix	= "literal_";
    ip->init.util.alloc_no	= ERTS_ALC_A_LITERAL;
#ifndef SMALL_MEMORY
    ip->init.util.mmbcs 	= 1024*1024; /* Main carrier size */
#else
    ip->init.util.mmbcs 	= 256*1024; /* Main carrier size */
#endif
    ip->init.util.ts 		= ERTS_ALC_MTA_LITERAL;
    ip->init.util.asbcst	= 0;
    ip->init.util.rsbcst	= 0;
    ip->init.util.rsbcmt	= 0;
    ip->init.util.rmbcmt	= 0;
    ip->init.util.acul		= 0;

#if defined(ARCH_32)
# if HAVE_ERTS_MSEG
    ip->init.util.mseg_alloc   = &erts_alcu_literal_32_mseg_alloc;
    ip->init.util.mseg_realloc = &erts_alcu_literal_32_mseg_realloc;
    ip->init.util.mseg_dealloc = &erts_alcu_literal_32_mseg_dealloc;
# endif
    ip->init.util.sys_alloc    = &erts_alcu_literal_32_sys_alloc;
    ip->init.util.sys_realloc  = &erts_alcu_literal_32_sys_realloc;
    ip->init.util.sys_dealloc  = &erts_alcu_literal_32_sys_dealloc;
#elif defined(ARCH_64)
# ifdef ERTS_HAVE_OS_PHYSICAL_MEMORY_RESERVATION
    ip->init.util.mseg_alloc    = &erts_alcu_mmapper_mseg_alloc;
    ip->init.util.mseg_realloc  = &erts_alcu_mmapper_mseg_realloc;
    ip->init.util.mseg_dealloc  = &erts_alcu_mmapper_mseg_dealloc;
    ip->init.util.mseg_mmapper  = &erts_literal_mmapper;
# endif
#else
# error Unknown architecture
#endif
}

#ifdef ERTS_ALC_A_EXEC
static void
set_default_exec_alloc_opts(struct au_init *ip)
{
    SET_DEFAULT_ALLOC_OPTS(ip);
    ip->enable			= 1;
    ip->thr_spec		= 0;
    ip->disable_allowed         = 0;
    ip->thr_spec_allowed        = 0;
    ip->carrier_migration_allowed = 0;
    ip->astrat			= ERTS_ALC_S_BESTFIT;
    ip->init.bf.ao		= 1;
    ip->init.util.ramv		= 0;
    ip->init.util.mmsbc		= 0;
    ip->init.util.sbct		= ~((UWord) 0);
    ip->init.util.name_prefix	= "exec_";
    ip->init.util.alloc_no	= ERTS_ALC_A_EXEC;
    ip->init.util.mmbcs 	= 0; /* No main carrier */
    ip->init.util.ts 		= ERTS_ALC_MTA_EXEC;
    ip->init.util.asbcst	= 0;
    ip->init.util.rsbcst	= 0;
    ip->init.util.rsbcmt	= 0;
    ip->init.util.rmbcmt	= 0;
    ip->init.util.acul		= 0;

    ip->init.util.mseg_alloc    = &erts_alcu_exec_mseg_alloc;
    ip->init.util.mseg_realloc  = &erts_alcu_exec_mseg_realloc;
    ip->init.util.mseg_dealloc  = &erts_alcu_exec_mseg_dealloc;
}
#endif /* ERTS_ALC_A_EXEC */

static void
set_default_temp_alloc_opts(struct au_init *ip)
{
    SET_DEFAULT_ALLOC_OPTS(ip);
    ip->enable			= AU_ALLOC_DEFAULT_ENABLE(1);
    ip->thr_spec		= 1;
    ip->disable_allowed         = 0;
    ip->carrier_migration_allowed = 0;
    ip->astrat			= ERTS_ALC_S_AFIT;
    ip->init.util.name_prefix	= "temp_";
    ip->init.util.alloc_no	= ERTS_ALC_A_TEMPORARY;
#ifndef SMALL_MEMORY
    ip->init.util.mmbcs 	= 128*1024; /* Main carrier size */
#else
    ip->init.util.mmbcs 	= 32*1024; /* Main carrier size */
#endif
    ip->init.util.ts 		= ERTS_ALC_MTA_TEMPORARY;
    ip->init.util.rsbcst	= 90;
    ip->init.util.rmbcmt	= 100;
}

static void
set_default_eheap_alloc_opts(struct au_init *ip)
{
    SET_DEFAULT_ALLOC_OPTS(ip);
    ip->enable			= AU_ALLOC_DEFAULT_ENABLE(1);
    ip->thr_spec		= 1;
    ip->astrat			= ERTS_ALC_S_GOODFIT;
    ip->init.util.name_prefix	= "eheap_";
    ip->init.util.alloc_no	= ERTS_ALC_A_EHEAP;
#ifndef SMALL_MEMORY
    ip->init.util.mmbcs 	= 512*1024; /* Main carrier size */
#else
    ip->init.util.mmbcs 	= 256*1024; /* Main carrier size */
#endif
    ip->init.util.ts 		= ERTS_ALC_MTA_EHEAP;
    ip->init.util.rsbcst	= 50;
    ip->init.util.acul		= ERTS_ALC_DEFAULT_ACUL_EHEAP_ALLOC;
}

static void
set_default_binary_alloc_opts(struct au_init *ip)
{
    SET_DEFAULT_ALLOC_OPTS(ip);
    ip->enable			= AU_ALLOC_DEFAULT_ENABLE(1);
    ip->thr_spec		= 1;
    ip->astrat			= ERTS_ALC_S_BESTFIT;
    ip->init.util.name_prefix	= "binary_";
    ip->init.util.alloc_no	= ERTS_ALC_A_BINARY;
#ifndef SMALL_MEMORY
    ip->init.util.mmbcs 	= 128*1024; /* Main carrier size */
#else
    ip->init.util.mmbcs 	= 32*1024; /* Main carrier size */
#endif
    ip->init.util.ts 		= ERTS_ALC_MTA_BINARY;
    ip->init.util.acul		= ERTS_ALC_DEFAULT_ACUL;
    ip->init.util.atags		= 1;
}

static void
set_default_ets_alloc_opts(struct au_init *ip)
{
    SET_DEFAULT_ALLOC_OPTS(ip);
    ip->enable			= AU_ALLOC_DEFAULT_ENABLE(1);
    ip->thr_spec		= 1;
    ip->astrat			= ERTS_ALC_S_BESTFIT;
    ip->init.util.name_prefix	= "ets_";
    ip->init.util.alloc_no	= ERTS_ALC_A_ETS;
#ifndef SMALL_MEMORY
    ip->init.util.mmbcs 	= 128*1024; /* Main carrier size */
#else
    ip->init.util.mmbcs 	= 32*1024; /* Main carrier size */
#endif
    ip->init.util.ts 		= ERTS_ALC_MTA_ETS;
    ip->init.util.acul		= ERTS_ALC_DEFAULT_ACUL;
}

static void
set_default_driver_alloc_opts(struct au_init *ip)
{
    SET_DEFAULT_ALLOC_OPTS(ip);
    ip->enable			= AU_ALLOC_DEFAULT_ENABLE(1);
    ip->thr_spec		= 1;
    ip->astrat			= ERTS_ALC_S_BESTFIT;
    ip->init.util.name_prefix	= "driver_";
    ip->init.util.alloc_no	= ERTS_ALC_A_DRIVER;
#ifndef SMALL_MEMORY
    ip->init.util.mmbcs 	= 128*1024; /* Main carrier size */
#else
    ip->init.util.mmbcs 	= 32*1024; /* Main carrier size */
#endif
    ip->init.util.ts 		= ERTS_ALC_MTA_DRIVER;
    ip->init.util.acul		= ERTS_ALC_DEFAULT_ACUL;
    ip->init.util.atags		= 1;
}

static void
set_default_fix_alloc_opts(struct au_init *ip,
			   size_t *fix_type_sizes)
{
    SET_DEFAULT_ALLOC_OPTS(ip);
    ip->enable			= AU_ALLOC_DEFAULT_ENABLE(1);
    ip->thr_spec		= 1;
    ip->astrat			= ERTS_ALC_S_BESTFIT;
    ip->init.bf.ao = 1;
    ip->init.util.name_prefix	= "fix_";
    ip->init.util.fix_type_size	= fix_type_sizes;
    ip->init.util.alloc_no	= ERTS_ALC_A_FIXED_SIZE;
#ifndef SMALL_MEMORY
    ip->init.util.mmbcs 	= 128*1024; /* Main carrier size */
#else
    ip->init.util.mmbcs 	= 128*1024; /* Main carrier size */
#endif
    ip->init.util.ts 		= ERTS_ALC_MTA_FIXED_SIZE;
    ip->init.util.acul		= ERTS_ALC_DEFAULT_ACUL;
}

static void
set_default_test_alloc_opts(struct au_init *ip)
{
    SET_DEFAULT_ALLOC_OPTS(ip);
    ip->enable			= 0; /* Disabled by default */
    ip->thr_spec		= -1 * erts_no_schedulers;
    ip->astrat			= ERTS_ALC_S_FIRSTFIT;
    ip->init.aoff.crr_order     = FF_AOFF;
    ip->init.aoff.blk_order     = FF_BF;
    ip->init.util.name_prefix	= "test_";
    ip->init.util.alloc_no	= ERTS_ALC_A_TEST;
    ip->init.util.mmbcs 	= 0; /* Main carrier size */
    ip->init.util.ts 		= ERTS_ALC_MTA_TEST;
    ip->init.util.acul		= ERTS_ALC_DEFAULT_ACUL;
    ip->init.util.atags		= 1;

    /* Use a constant minimal MBC size */
#if ERTS_SA_MB_CARRIERS
    ip->init.util.smbcs = ERTS_SACRR_UNIT_SZ;
    ip->init.util.lmbcs = ERTS_SACRR_UNIT_SZ;
    ip->init.util.sbct  = ERTS_SACRR_UNIT_SZ;
#else
    ip->init.util.smbcs = 1 << 12;
    ip->init.util.lmbcs = 1 << 12;
    ip->init.util.sbct  = 1 << 12;
#endif
}



static void
adjust_tpref(struct au_init *ip, int no_sched)
{
    if (ip->thr_spec) {
	ip->thr_spec = no_sched;
	ip->thr_spec *= -1; /* thread preferred */

	/* If default ... */

	/* ... shrink main multi-block carrier size */
	if (ip->default_.mmbcs)
	    ip->init.util.mmbcs /= ERTS_MIN(4, no_sched);
	/* ... shrink largest multi-block carrier size */
	if (ip->default_.lmbcs)
	    ip->init.util.lmbcs /= ERTS_MIN(2, no_sched);
	/* ... shrink smallest multi-block carrier size */
	if (ip->default_.smbcs)
	    ip->init.util.smbcs /= ERTS_MIN(4, no_sched);
    }
}


static void handle_args(int *, char **, erts_alc_hndl_args_init_t *);

static void
set_au_allocator(ErtsAlcType_t alctr_n, struct au_init *init, int ncpu);

static void
start_au_allocator(ErtsAlcType_t alctr_n,
		   struct au_init *init,
		   ErtsAllocatorState_t *state);

static void
refuse_af_strategy(struct au_init *init)
{
    if (init->astrat == ERTS_ALC_S_AFIT)
	init->astrat = ERTS_ALC_S_GOODFIT;
}

#ifdef HARD_DEBUG
static void hdbg_init(void);
#endif

static void adjust_fix_alloc_sizes(UWord extra_block_size)
{
    
    if (extra_block_size && erts_allctrs_info[ERTS_ALC_A_FIXED_SIZE].enabled) {
	int j;

	if (erts_allctrs_info[ERTS_ALC_A_FIXED_SIZE].thr_spec) {
	    int i;
	    ErtsAllocatorThrSpec_t* tspec;

	    tspec = &erts_allctr_thr_spec[ERTS_ALC_A_FIXED_SIZE];	
	    ASSERT(tspec->enabled);

	    for (i=0; i < tspec->size; i++) {
		Allctr_t* allctr = tspec->allctr[i];
		for (j=0; j < ERTS_ALC_NO_FIXED_SIZES; ++j) {
                    size_t size = allctr->fix[j].type_size;
                    size = MAX(size + extra_block_size,
                               sizeof(ErtsAllctrDDBlock_t));
		    allctr->fix[j].type_size = size;
		}
	    }
	}
	else
	{
	    Allctr_t* allctr = erts_allctrs_info[ERTS_ALC_A_FIXED_SIZE].extra;
	    for (j=0; j < ERTS_ALC_NO_FIXED_SIZES; ++j) {
                size_t size = allctr->fix[j].type_size;
                size = MAX(size + extra_block_size,
                           sizeof(ErtsAllctrDDBlock_t));
                allctr->fix[j].type_size = size;
	    }
	}
    }
}

static ERTS_INLINE int
strategy_support_carrier_migration(struct au_init *auip)
{
    /*
     * Currently only aoff* and ageff* support carrier
     * migration, i.e, type AOFIRSTFIT.
     */
    return auip->astrat == ERTS_ALC_S_FIRSTFIT;
}

static ERTS_INLINE void
adjust_carrier_migration_support(struct au_init *auip)
{
    if (auip->init.util.acul) {
	auip->thr_spec = -1; /* Need thread preferred */

	/*
	 * If strategy cannot handle carrier migration,
	 * default to a strategy that can...
	 */
	if (!strategy_support_carrier_migration(auip)) {
	    /* Default to aoffcbf */
	    auip->astrat = ERTS_ALC_S_FIRSTFIT;
	    auip->init.aoff.crr_order = FF_AOFF;
	    auip->init.aoff.blk_order = FF_BF;
	}
    }
}

void
erts_alloc_init(int *argc, char **argv, ErtsAllocInitOpts *eaiop)
{
    UWord extra_block_size = 0;
    int i, ncpu;
    erts_alc_hndl_args_init_t init = {
	0,
#if HAVE_ERTS_MSEG
	ERTS_MSEG_INIT_DEFAULT_INITIALIZER,
#endif
	ERTS_DEFAULT_TRIM_THRESHOLD,
	ERTS_DEFAULT_TOP_PAD,
	ERTS_DEFAULT_ALCU_INIT,
    };
    size_t fix_type_sizes[ERTS_ALC_NO_FIXED_SIZES] = {0};

    fix_type_sizes[ERTS_ALC_FIX_TYPE_IX(ERTS_ALC_T_PROC)]
	= sizeof(Process);
    fix_type_sizes[ERTS_ALC_FIX_TYPE_IX(ERTS_ALC_T_MONITOR)]
	= sizeof(ErtsMonitorDataHeap);
    fix_type_sizes[ERTS_ALC_FIX_TYPE_IX(ERTS_ALC_T_LINK)]
	= sizeof(ErtsLinkData);
    fix_type_sizes[ERTS_ALC_FIX_TYPE_IX(ERTS_ALC_T_DRV_SEL_D_STATE)]
	= sizeof(ErtsDrvSelectDataState);
    fix_type_sizes[ERTS_ALC_FIX_TYPE_IX(ERTS_ALC_T_NIF_SEL_D_STATE)]
        = sizeof(ErtsNifSelectDataState);
    fix_type_sizes[ERTS_ALC_FIX_TYPE_IX(ERTS_ALC_T_MSG_REF)]
	= sizeof(ErtsMessageRef);
    fix_type_sizes[ERTS_ALC_FIX_TYPE_IX(ERTS_ALC_T_THR_Q_EL_SL)]
	= sizeof(ErtsThrQElement_t);
    fix_type_sizes[ERTS_ALC_FIX_TYPE_IX(ERTS_ALC_T_LL_PTIMER)]
	= erts_timer_type_size(ERTS_ALC_T_LL_PTIMER);
    fix_type_sizes[ERTS_ALC_FIX_TYPE_IX(ERTS_ALC_T_HL_PTIMER)]
	= erts_timer_type_size(ERTS_ALC_T_HL_PTIMER);
    fix_type_sizes[ERTS_ALC_FIX_TYPE_IX(ERTS_ALC_T_BIF_TIMER)]
	= erts_timer_type_size(ERTS_ALC_T_BIF_TIMER);
    fix_type_sizes[ERTS_ALC_FIX_TYPE_IX(ERTS_ALC_T_MREF_NSCHED_ENT)]
	= sizeof(ErtsNSchedMagicRefTableEntry);
    fix_type_sizes[ERTS_ALC_FIX_TYPE_IX(ERTS_ALC_T_MINDIRECTION)]
	= ERTS_MAGIC_BIN_UNALIGNED_SIZE(sizeof(ErtsMagicIndirectionWord));

#ifdef HARD_DEBUG
    hdbg_init();
#endif

    lock_all_physical_memory = 0;

    ncpu = eaiop->ncpu;
    if (ncpu < 1)
	ncpu = 1;

    erts_tsd_key_create(&erts_allctr_prelock_tsd_key,
			"erts_allctr_prelock_tsd_key");

    erts_sys_alloc_init();
    erts_init_utils_mem();

    set_default_sl_alloc_opts(&init.sl_alloc);
    set_default_std_alloc_opts(&init.std_alloc);
    set_default_ll_alloc_opts(&init.ll_alloc);
    set_default_temp_alloc_opts(&init.temp_alloc);
    set_default_eheap_alloc_opts(&init.eheap_alloc);
    set_default_binary_alloc_opts(&init.binary_alloc);
    set_default_ets_alloc_opts(&init.ets_alloc);
    set_default_driver_alloc_opts(&init.driver_alloc);
    set_default_fix_alloc_opts(&init.fix_alloc,
			       fix_type_sizes);
    set_default_literal_alloc_opts(&init.literal_alloc);
#ifdef ERTS_ALC_A_EXEC
    set_default_exec_alloc_opts(&init.exec_alloc);
#endif
    set_default_test_alloc_opts(&init.test_alloc);

    if (argc && argv)
	handle_args(argc, argv, &init);

    if (lock_all_physical_memory) {
#ifdef HAVE_MLOCKALL
	errno = 0;
	if (mlockall(MCL_CURRENT|MCL_FUTURE) != 0) {
	    int err = errno;
	    char *errstr = err ? strerror(err) : "unknown";
	    erts_exit(1, "Failed to lock physical memory: %s (%d)\n",
		     errstr, err);
	}
#else
	erts_exit(1, "Failed to lock physical memory: Not supported\n");
#endif
    }


    /* Make adjustments for carrier migration support */
    init.temp_alloc.init.util.acul = 0;
    adjust_carrier_migration_support(&init.sl_alloc);
    adjust_carrier_migration_support(&init.std_alloc);
    adjust_carrier_migration_support(&init.ll_alloc);
    adjust_carrier_migration_support(&init.eheap_alloc);
    adjust_carrier_migration_support(&init.binary_alloc);
    adjust_carrier_migration_support(&init.ets_alloc);
    adjust_carrier_migration_support(&init.driver_alloc);
    adjust_carrier_migration_support(&init.fix_alloc);
    adjust_carrier_migration_support(&init.literal_alloc);
#ifdef ERTS_ALC_A_EXEC
    adjust_carrier_migration_support(&init.exec_alloc);
#endif

    if (init.erts_alloc_config) {
	/* Adjust flags that erts_alloc_config won't like */

	/* No thread specific instances */
	init.temp_alloc.thr_spec = 0;
	init.sl_alloc.thr_spec = 0;
	init.std_alloc.thr_spec = 0;
	init.ll_alloc.thr_spec = 0;
	init.eheap_alloc.thr_spec = 0;
	init.binary_alloc.thr_spec = 0;
	init.ets_alloc.thr_spec = 0;
	init.driver_alloc.thr_spec = 0;
	init.fix_alloc.thr_spec = 0;
        init.literal_alloc.thr_spec = 0;
#ifdef ERTS_ALC_A_EXEC
        init.exec_alloc.thr_spec = 0;
#endif

	/* No carrier migration */
	init.temp_alloc.init.util.acul = 0;
	init.sl_alloc.init.util.acul = 0;
	init.std_alloc.init.util.acul = 0;
	init.ll_alloc.init.util.acul = 0;
	init.eheap_alloc.init.util.acul = 0;
	init.binary_alloc.init.util.acul = 0;
	init.ets_alloc.init.util.acul = 0;
	init.driver_alloc.init.util.acul = 0;
	init.fix_alloc.init.util.acul = 0;
        init.literal_alloc.init.util.acul = 0;
#ifdef ERTS_ALC_A_EXEC
        init.exec_alloc.init.util.acul = 0;
#endif
    }

    /* Only temp_alloc can use thread specific interface */
    if (init.temp_alloc.thr_spec)
	init.temp_alloc.thr_spec = erts_no_schedulers;

    /* Others must use thread preferred interface */
    adjust_tpref(&init.sl_alloc, erts_no_schedulers);
    adjust_tpref(&init.std_alloc, erts_no_schedulers);
    adjust_tpref(&init.ll_alloc, erts_no_schedulers);
    adjust_tpref(&init.eheap_alloc, erts_no_schedulers);
    adjust_tpref(&init.binary_alloc, erts_no_schedulers);
    adjust_tpref(&init.ets_alloc, erts_no_schedulers);
    adjust_tpref(&init.driver_alloc, erts_no_schedulers);
    adjust_tpref(&init.fix_alloc, erts_no_schedulers);
    adjust_tpref(&init.literal_alloc, erts_no_schedulers);
#ifdef ERTS_ALC_A_EXEC
    adjust_tpref(&init.exec_alloc, erts_no_schedulers);
#endif


    /*
     * The following allocators cannot be run with afit strategy.
     * Make sure they don't...
     */
    refuse_af_strategy(&init.sl_alloc);
    refuse_af_strategy(&init.std_alloc);
    refuse_af_strategy(&init.ll_alloc);
    refuse_af_strategy(&init.eheap_alloc);
    refuse_af_strategy(&init.binary_alloc);
    refuse_af_strategy(&init.ets_alloc);
    refuse_af_strategy(&init.driver_alloc);
    refuse_af_strategy(&init.fix_alloc);
    refuse_af_strategy(&init.literal_alloc);
#ifdef ERTS_ALC_A_EXEC
    refuse_af_strategy(&init.exec_alloc);
#endif

    if (!init.temp_alloc.thr_spec)
	refuse_af_strategy(&init.temp_alloc);

    erts_mtrace_pre_init();
#if HAVE_ERTS_MSEG
    init.mseg.nos = erts_no_schedulers;
    erts_mseg_init(&init.mseg);
#endif

    erts_alcu_init(&init.alloc_util);
    erts_afalc_init();
    erts_bfalc_init();
    erts_gfalc_init();
    erts_aoffalc_init();

    for (i = ERTS_ALC_A_MIN; i <= ERTS_ALC_A_MAX; i++) {
	erts_allctrs[i].alloc		= NULL;
	erts_allctrs[i].realloc		= NULL;
	erts_allctrs[i].free		= NULL;
	erts_allctrs[i].extra		= NULL;
	erts_allctrs_info[i].alloc_util	= 0;
	erts_allctrs_info[i].enabled	= 0;
	erts_allctrs_info[i].thr_spec	= 0;
	erts_allctrs_info[i].extra	= NULL;
    }

    erts_allctrs[ERTS_ALC_A_SYSTEM].alloc		= erts_sys_alloc;
    erts_allctrs[ERTS_ALC_A_SYSTEM].realloc		= erts_sys_realloc;
    erts_allctrs[ERTS_ALC_A_SYSTEM].free		= erts_sys_free;
    erts_allctrs_info[ERTS_ALC_A_SYSTEM].enabled	= 1;

    set_au_allocator(ERTS_ALC_A_TEMPORARY, &init.temp_alloc, ncpu);
    set_au_allocator(ERTS_ALC_A_SHORT_LIVED, &init.sl_alloc, ncpu);
    set_au_allocator(ERTS_ALC_A_STANDARD, &init.std_alloc, ncpu);
    set_au_allocator(ERTS_ALC_A_LONG_LIVED, &init.ll_alloc, ncpu);
    set_au_allocator(ERTS_ALC_A_EHEAP, &init.eheap_alloc, ncpu);
    set_au_allocator(ERTS_ALC_A_BINARY, &init.binary_alloc, ncpu);
    set_au_allocator(ERTS_ALC_A_ETS, &init.ets_alloc, ncpu);
    set_au_allocator(ERTS_ALC_A_DRIVER, &init.driver_alloc, ncpu);
    set_au_allocator(ERTS_ALC_A_FIXED_SIZE, &init.fix_alloc, ncpu);
    set_au_allocator(ERTS_ALC_A_LITERAL, &init.literal_alloc, ncpu);
#ifdef ERTS_ALC_A_EXEC
    set_au_allocator(ERTS_ALC_A_EXEC, &init.exec_alloc, ncpu);
#endif
    set_au_allocator(ERTS_ALC_A_TEST, &init.test_alloc, ncpu);

    for (i = ERTS_ALC_A_MIN; i <= ERTS_ALC_A_MAX; i++) {
	if (!erts_allctrs[i].alloc)
	    erts_exit(ERTS_ABORT_EXIT,
		     "Missing alloc function for %s\n", ERTS_ALC_A2AD(i));
	if (!erts_allctrs[i].realloc)
	    erts_exit(ERTS_ABORT_EXIT,
		     "Missing realloc function for %s\n", ERTS_ALC_A2AD(i));
	if (!erts_allctrs[i].free)
	    erts_exit(ERTS_ABORT_EXIT,
		     "Missing free function for %s\n", ERTS_ALC_A2AD(i));
    }

    sys_alloc_opt(SYS_ALLOC_OPT_TRIM_THRESHOLD, init.trim_threshold);
    sys_alloc_opt(SYS_ALLOC_OPT_TOP_PAD, init.top_pad);

    erts_mtrace_init(init.instr.mtrace, init.instr.nodename);

    start_au_allocator(ERTS_ALC_A_TEMPORARY,
		       &init.temp_alloc,
		       &temp_alloc_state);

    start_au_allocator(ERTS_ALC_A_SHORT_LIVED,
		       &init.sl_alloc,
		       &sl_alloc_state);

    start_au_allocator(ERTS_ALC_A_STANDARD,
		       &init.std_alloc,
		       &std_alloc_state);

    start_au_allocator(ERTS_ALC_A_LONG_LIVED,
		       &init.ll_alloc,
		       &ll_alloc_state);
    start_au_allocator(ERTS_ALC_A_EHEAP,
		       &init.eheap_alloc,
		       &eheap_alloc_state);

    start_au_allocator(ERTS_ALC_A_BINARY,
		       &init.binary_alloc,
		       &binary_alloc_state);

    start_au_allocator(ERTS_ALC_A_ETS,
		       &init.ets_alloc,
		       &ets_alloc_state);

    start_au_allocator(ERTS_ALC_A_DRIVER,
		       &init.driver_alloc,
		       &driver_alloc_state);

    start_au_allocator(ERTS_ALC_A_FIXED_SIZE,
		       &init.fix_alloc,
		       &fix_alloc_state);
    start_au_allocator(ERTS_ALC_A_LITERAL,
                       &init.literal_alloc,
                       &literal_alloc_state);
#ifdef ERTS_ALC_A_EXEC
    start_au_allocator(ERTS_ALC_A_EXEC,
                       &init.exec_alloc,
                       &exec_alloc_state);
#endif
    start_au_allocator(ERTS_ALC_A_TEST,
		       &init.test_alloc,
		       &test_alloc_state);

    erts_mtrace_install_wrapper_functions();

    init_aireq_alloc();

#ifdef DEBUG
    extra_block_size += install_debug_functions();
#endif
    adjust_fix_alloc_sizes(extra_block_size);
}

void
erts_alloc_late_init(void)
{

}

static void *
erts_realloc_fixed_size(ErtsAlcType_t type, void *extra, void *p, Uint size)
{
    erts_exit(ERTS_ABORT_EXIT,
	     "Attempt to reallocate a block of the fixed size type %s\n",
	     ERTS_ALC_T2TD(type));
}


static void
set_au_allocator(ErtsAlcType_t alctr_n, struct au_init *init, int ncpu)
{
    ErtsAllocatorFunctions_t *af = &erts_allctrs[alctr_n];
    ErtsAllocatorInfo_t *ai = &erts_allctrs_info[alctr_n];
    ErtsAllocatorThrSpec_t *tspec = &erts_allctr_thr_spec[alctr_n];

    /*
     * Some allocators are forced on if halfword heap is used.
     */
    if (init->init.util.force)
	init->enable = 1;

    tspec->enabled = 0;
    tspec->dd = 0;
    tspec->aix = alctr_n;
    tspec->size	= 0;
    ai->thr_spec = 0;

    if (!init->enable) {
	af->alloc = erts_sys_alloc;
	af->realloc = erts_sys_realloc;
	af->free = erts_sys_free;
	af->extra = NULL;
	ai->alloc_util = 0;
	ai->enabled = 0;
	ai->extra = NULL;
	return;
    }

    if (init->thr_spec) {
	if (init->thr_spec > 0) {
	    af->alloc = erts_alcu_alloc_thr_spec;
	    if (init->init.util.fix_type_size)
		af->realloc = erts_realloc_fixed_size;
	    else if (init->init.util.ramv)
		af->realloc = erts_alcu_realloc_mv_thr_spec;
	    else
		af->realloc = erts_alcu_realloc_thr_spec;
	    af->free = erts_alcu_free_thr_spec;
	}
	else {
	    af->alloc = erts_alcu_alloc_thr_pref;
	    if (init->init.util.fix_type_size)
		af->realloc = erts_realloc_fixed_size;
	    else if (init->init.util.ramv)
		af->realloc = erts_alcu_realloc_mv_thr_pref;
	    else
		af->realloc = erts_alcu_realloc_thr_pref;
	    af->free = erts_alcu_free_thr_pref;
	    tspec->dd = 1;
	}

	tspec->enabled	= 1;
	tspec->size	= abs(init->thr_spec) + 1;

	ai->thr_spec	= tspec->size;
    }
    else
	if (init->init.util.ts) {
	af->alloc = erts_alcu_alloc_ts;
	if (init->init.util.fix_type_size)
	    af->realloc = erts_realloc_fixed_size;
	else if (init->init.util.ramv)
	    af->realloc = erts_alcu_realloc_mv_ts;
	else
	    af->realloc = erts_alcu_realloc_ts;
	af->free = erts_alcu_free_ts;
    }
    else
    {
        erts_exit(ERTS_ABORT_EXIT, "%salloc is not thread safe\n",
                 init->init.util.name_prefix);
    }
    af->extra	= NULL;
    ai->alloc_util	= 1;
    ai->enabled		= 1;
}

static void
start_au_allocator(ErtsAlcType_t alctr_n,
		   struct au_init *init,
		   ErtsAllocatorState_t *state)
{
    int i;
    int size = 1;
    void *as0;
    ErtsAlcStrat_t astrat;
    ErtsAllocatorFunctions_t *af = &erts_allctrs[alctr_n];
    ErtsAllocatorInfo_t *ai = &erts_allctrs_info[alctr_n];
    ErtsAllocatorThrSpec_t *tspec = &erts_allctr_thr_spec[alctr_n];
    ErtsAlcFixList_t *fix_lists = NULL;
    size_t fix_list_size = 0;

    if (!init->enable)
	return;

    if (init->thr_spec) {
	char *states = erts_sys_alloc(0,
				      NULL,
				      ((sizeof(Allctr_t *)
					* (tspec->size + 1))
				       + (sizeof(ErtsAllocatorState_t)
					  * tspec->size)
				       + ERTS_CACHE_LINE_SIZE - 1));
	if (!states)
	    erts_exit(ERTS_ABORT_EXIT,
		     "Failed to allocate allocator states for %salloc\n",
		     init->init.util.name_prefix);
	tspec->allctr = (Allctr_t **) states;
	states += sizeof(Allctr_t *) * (tspec->size + 1);
	states = ((((UWord) states) & ERTS_CACHE_LINE_MASK)
		  ? (char *) ((((UWord) states) & ~ERTS_CACHE_LINE_MASK)
			      + ERTS_CACHE_LINE_SIZE)
		  : (char *) states);
	tspec->allctr[0] = (Allctr_t *) state;
	size = tspec->size;
	for (i = 1; i < size; i++)
	    tspec->allctr[i] = (Allctr_t *)
		&((ErtsAllocatorState_t *) states)[i-1];
    }

    if (init->init.util.fix_type_size) {
	size_t tot_fix_list_size;
	fix_list_size = sizeof(ErtsAlcFixList_t)*ERTS_ALC_NO_FIXED_SIZES;
	fix_list_size = ERTS_ALC_CACHE_LINE_ALIGN_SIZE(fix_list_size);
	tot_fix_list_size = fix_list_size;
	if (init->thr_spec)
	    tot_fix_list_size *= tspec->size;
	fix_lists = erts_sys_alloc(0,
				   NULL,
				   (tot_fix_list_size
				    + ERTS_CACHE_LINE_SIZE - 1));
	if (!fix_lists)
	    erts_exit(ERTS_ABORT_EXIT,
		     "Failed to allocate fix lists for %salloc\n",
		     init->init.util.name_prefix);

	if (((UWord) fix_lists) & ERTS_CACHE_LINE_MASK)
		fix_lists = ((ErtsAlcFixList_t *)
		       ((((UWord) fix_lists) & ~ERTS_CACHE_LINE_MASK)
			+ ERTS_CACHE_LINE_SIZE));
    }

    for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
	Allctr_t *as;
	astrat = init->astrat;

	if (!init->thr_spec)
	    as0 = state;
	else {
	    as0 = (void *) tspec->allctr[i];
	    if (!as0)
		continue;
	    if (init->thr_spec < 0) {
		init->init.util.ts = i == 0;
		init->init.util.tspec = 0;
		init->init.util.tpref = -1*init->thr_spec + 1;
	    }
	    else {
		if (i != 0)
		    init->init.util.ts = 0;
		else {
		    if (astrat == ERTS_ALC_S_AFIT)
			astrat = ERTS_ALC_S_GOODFIT;
		    init->init.util.ts = 1;
		}
		init->init.util.tspec = init->thr_spec + 1;
		init->init.util.tpref = 0;
	    }   
	}

	if (fix_lists) {
	    init->init.util.fix = fix_lists;
	    fix_lists = ((ErtsAlcFixList_t *)
			 (((char *) fix_lists) + fix_list_size));
	}

        init->init.util.alloc_strat = astrat;
	init->init.util.ix = i;

	switch (astrat) {
	case ERTS_ALC_S_GOODFIT:
	    as = erts_gfalc_start((GFAllctr_t *) as0,
					   &init->init.gf,
					   &init->init.util);
	    break;
	case ERTS_ALC_S_BESTFIT:
	    as = erts_bfalc_start((BFAllctr_t *) as0,
					   &init->init.bf,
					   &init->init.util);
	    break;
	case ERTS_ALC_S_AFIT:
	    as = erts_afalc_start((AFAllctr_t *) as0,
					   &init->init.af,
					   &init->init.util);
	    break;
	case ERTS_ALC_S_FIRSTFIT:
	    as = erts_aoffalc_start((AOFFAllctr_t *) as0,
					     &init->init.aoff,
					     &init->init.util);
	    break;

	default:
	    as = NULL;
	    ASSERT(0);
	}

	if (!as)
	    erts_exit(ERTS_ABORT_EXIT,
		     "Failed to start %salloc\n", init->init.util.name_prefix);

	ASSERT(as == (void *) as0);
	af->extra = as;
    }

    if (init->thr_spec)
	af->extra = tspec;
    ai->extra = af->extra;
}


static void bad_param(char *param_start, char *param_end)
{
    size_t len = param_end - param_start;
    char param[100];
    if (len > 99)
	len = 99;
    sys_memcpy((void *) param, (void *) param_start, len);
    param[len] = '\0';
    erts_fprintf(stderr, "bad \"%s\" parameter\n", param);
    erts_usage();
}

static void bad_value(char *param_start, char *param_end, char *value)
{
    size_t len = param_end - param_start;
    char param[100];
    if (len > 99)
	len = 99;
    sys_memcpy((void *) param, (void *) param_start, len);
    param[len] = '\0';
    erts_fprintf(stderr, "bad \"%s\" value: %s\n", param, value);
    erts_usage();
}

/* Get arg marks argument as handled by
   putting NULL in argv */
static char *
get_value(char* rest, char** argv, int* ip)
{
    char *param = argv[*ip]+1;
    argv[*ip] = NULL;
    if (*rest == '\0') {
	char *next = argv[*ip + 1];
	if (next[0] == '-'
	    && next[1] == '-'
	    &&  next[2] == '\0') {
	    bad_value(param, rest, "");
	}
	(*ip)++;
	argv[*ip] = NULL;
	return next;
    }
    return rest;
}

static ERTS_INLINE int
has_prefix(const char *prefix, const char *string)
{
    int i;
    for (i = 0; prefix[i]; i++)
	if (prefix[i] != string[i])
	    return 0;
    return 1;
}

static int
get_bool_value(char *param_end, char** argv, int* ip)
{
    char *param = argv[*ip]+1;
    char *value = get_value(param_end, argv, ip);
    if (sys_strcmp(value, "true") == 0)
	return 1;
    else if (sys_strcmp(value, "false") == 0)
	return 0;
    else
	bad_value(param, param_end, value);
    return -1;
}

static Uint kb_to_bytes(Sint kb, Uint *bytes)
{
    const Uint max = ((~((Uint) 0))/1024) + 1;

    if (kb < 0 || (Uint)kb > max)
        return 0;
    if ((Uint)kb == max)
        *bytes = ~((Uint) 0);
    else
        *bytes = ((Uint) kb)*1024;
    return 1;
}

static Uint
get_kb_value(char *param_end, char** argv, int* ip)
{
    Sint tmp;
    Uint bytes = 0;
    char *rest;
    char *param = argv[*ip]+1;
    char *value = get_value(param_end, argv, ip);
    errno = 0;
    tmp = (Sint) ErtsStrToSint(value, &rest, 10);
    if (errno != 0 || rest == value || !kb_to_bytes(tmp, &bytes))
	bad_value(param, param_end, value);
    return bytes;
}

static UWord
get_mb_value(char *param_end, char** argv, int* ip)
{
    SWord tmp;
    UWord max = ((~((UWord) 0))/(1024*1024)) + 1;
    char *rest;
    char *param = argv[*ip]+1;
    char *value = get_value(param_end, argv, ip);
    errno = 0;
    tmp = (SWord) ErtsStrToSint(value, &rest, 10);
    if (errno != 0 || rest == value || tmp < 0 || max < ((UWord) tmp))
	bad_value(param, param_end, value);
    if (max == (UWord) tmp)
	return ~((UWord) 0);
    else
	return ((UWord) tmp)*1024*1024;
}


#if 0
static Uint
get_byte_value(char *param_end, char** argv, int* ip)
{
    Sint tmp;
    char *rest;
    char *param = argv[*ip]+1;
    char *value = get_value(param_end, argv, ip);
    errno = 0;
    tmp = (Sint) ErtsStrToSint(value, &rest, 10);
    if (errno != 0 || rest == value || tmp < 0)
	bad_value(param, param_end, value);
    return (Uint) tmp;
}
#endif

static Uint
get_amount_value(char *param_end, char** argv, int* ip)
{
    Sint tmp;
    char *rest;
    char *param = argv[*ip]+1;
    char *value = get_value(param_end, argv, ip);
    errno = 0;
    tmp = (Sint) ErtsStrToSint(value, &rest, 10);
    if (errno != 0 || rest == value || tmp < 0)
	bad_value(param, param_end, value);
    return (Uint) tmp;
}

static Uint
get_acul_value(struct au_init *auip, char *param_end, char** argv, int* ip)
{
    Sint tmp;
    char *rest;
    char *param = argv[*ip]+1;
    char *value = get_value(param_end, argv, ip);
    if (sys_strcmp(value, "de") == 0) {
	switch (auip->init.util.alloc_no) {
	case ERTS_ALC_A_LONG_LIVED:
	    return ERTS_ALC_DEFAULT_ENABLED_ACUL_LL_ALLOC;
	case ERTS_ALC_A_EHEAP:
	    return ERTS_ALC_DEFAULT_ENABLED_ACUL_EHEAP_ALLOC;
	default:
	    return ERTS_ALC_DEFAULT_ENABLED_ACUL;
	}
    }
    errno = 0;
    tmp = (Sint) ErtsStrToSint(value, &rest, 10);
    if (errno != 0 || rest == value || tmp < 0 || 100 < tmp)
	bad_value(param, param_end, value);
    return (Uint) tmp;
}

static void
handle_au_arg(struct au_init *auip,
	      char* sub_param,
	      char** argv,
	      int* ip,
	      int u_switch)
{
    char *param = argv[*ip]+1;

    switch (sub_param[0]) {
    case 'a':
        if (sub_param[1] == 'c') { /* Migration parameters "ac*" */
            UWord value;
            UWord* wp;
            if (!auip->carrier_migration_allowed && !u_switch)
                goto bad_switch;

            if (has_prefix("acul", sub_param)) {
                value = get_acul_value(auip, sub_param + 4, argv, ip);
                wp = &auip->init.util.acul;
            }
            else if (has_prefix("acnl", sub_param)) {
                value = get_amount_value(sub_param + 4, argv, ip);
                wp = &auip->init.util.acnl;
            }
            else if (has_prefix("acfml", sub_param)) {
                value = get_amount_value(sub_param + 5, argv, ip);
                wp = &auip->init.util.acfml;
            }
            else
                goto bad_switch;

            if (auip->carrier_migration_allowed)
                *wp = value;
        }
	else if(has_prefix("asbcst", sub_param)) {
	    auip->init.util.asbcst = get_kb_value(sub_param + 6, argv, ip);
	}
	else if(has_prefix("as", sub_param)) {
	    char *alg = get_value(sub_param + 2, argv, ip);
	    if (sys_strcmp("bf", alg) == 0) {
		auip->astrat = ERTS_ALC_S_BESTFIT;
		auip->init.bf.ao = 0;
	    }
	    else if (sys_strcmp("aobf", alg) == 0) {
		auip->astrat = ERTS_ALC_S_BESTFIT;
		auip->init.bf.ao = 1;
	    }
	    else if (sys_strcmp("gf", alg) == 0) {
		auip->astrat = ERTS_ALC_S_GOODFIT;
	    }
	    else if (sys_strcmp("af", alg) == 0) {
		auip->astrat = ERTS_ALC_S_AFIT;
	    }
	    else if (sys_strcmp("aoff", alg) == 0) {
		auip->astrat = ERTS_ALC_S_FIRSTFIT;
		auip->init.aoff.crr_order = FF_AOFF;
		auip->init.aoff.blk_order = FF_AOFF;
	    }
	    else if (sys_strcmp("aoffcbf", alg) == 0) {
		auip->astrat = ERTS_ALC_S_FIRSTFIT;
		auip->init.aoff.crr_order = FF_AOFF;
		auip->init.aoff.blk_order = FF_BF;
	    }
	    else if (sys_strcmp("aoffcaobf", alg) == 0) {
		auip->astrat = ERTS_ALC_S_FIRSTFIT;
		auip->init.aoff.crr_order = FF_AOFF;
		auip->init.aoff.blk_order = FF_AOBF;
	    }
            else if (sys_strcmp("ageffcaoff", alg) == 0) {
                auip->astrat = ERTS_ALC_S_FIRSTFIT;
		auip->init.aoff.crr_order = FF_AGEFF;
		auip->init.aoff.blk_order = FF_AOFF;
            }
            else if (sys_strcmp("ageffcbf", alg) == 0) {
                auip->astrat = ERTS_ALC_S_FIRSTFIT;
		auip->init.aoff.crr_order = FF_AGEFF;
		auip->init.aoff.blk_order = FF_BF;
            }
            else if (sys_strcmp("ageffcaobf", alg) == 0) {
                auip->astrat = ERTS_ALC_S_FIRSTFIT;
		auip->init.aoff.crr_order = FF_AGEFF;
		auip->init.aoff.blk_order = FF_AOBF;
            }
	    else {
                if (auip->init.util.alloc_no == ERTS_ALC_A_TEST
                    && sys_strcmp("chaosff", alg) == 0) {
                    auip->astrat = ERTS_ALC_S_FIRSTFIT;
                    auip->init.aoff.crr_order = FF_CHAOS;
                    auip->init.aoff.blk_order = FF_CHAOS;
                }
                else {
                    bad_value(param, sub_param + 1, alg);
                }
	    }
	    if (!strategy_support_carrier_migration(auip))
		auip->init.util.acul = 0;
	} else if (has_prefix("atags", sub_param)) {
            auip->init.util.atags = get_bool_value(sub_param + 5, argv, ip);
        }
	else
	    goto bad_switch;
	break;
    case 'e': {
	int e = get_bool_value(sub_param + 1, argv, ip);
        if (!auip->disable_allowed && !e) {
            if (!u_switch)
                bad_value(param, sub_param + 1, "false");
	    else
		ASSERT(auip->enable); /* ignore */
        }
	else auip->enable = e;
	break;
    }
    case 'l':
	if (has_prefix("lmbcs", sub_param)) {
	    auip->default_.lmbcs = 0;
	    auip->init.util.lmbcs = get_kb_value(sub_param + 5, argv, ip);
	}
	else
	    goto bad_switch;
	break;
    case 'm':
	if (has_prefix("mbcgs", sub_param)) {
	    auip->init.util.mbcgs = get_amount_value(sub_param + 5, argv, ip);

	}
	else if (has_prefix("mbsd", sub_param)) {
	    auip->init.gf.mbsd = get_amount_value(sub_param + 4, argv, ip);
	    if (auip->init.gf.mbsd < 1)
		auip->init.gf.mbsd = 1;
	}
	else if (has_prefix("mmbcs", sub_param)) {
	    auip->default_.mmbcs = 0;
	    auip->init.util.mmbcs = get_kb_value(sub_param + 5, argv, ip);
	}
	else if (has_prefix("mmmbc", sub_param)) {
	    auip->default_.mmmbc = 0;
	    auip->init.util.mmmbc = get_amount_value(sub_param + 5, argv, ip);
	}
	else if (has_prefix("mmsbc", sub_param)) {
	    auip->init.util.mmsbc = get_amount_value(sub_param + 5, argv, ip);
	}
	else
	    goto bad_switch;
	break;
    case 'r':
	if(has_prefix("rsbcmt", sub_param)) {
	    auip->init.util.rsbcmt = get_amount_value(sub_param + 6, argv, ip);
	    if (auip->init.util.rsbcmt > 100)
		auip->init.util.rsbcmt = 100;
	}
	else if(has_prefix("rsbcst", sub_param)) {
	    auip->init.util.rsbcst = get_amount_value(sub_param + 6, argv, ip);
	    if (auip->init.util.rsbcst > 100)
		auip->init.util.rsbcst = 100;
	}
	else if (has_prefix("rmbcmt", sub_param)) {
	    auip->init.util.rmbcmt = get_amount_value(sub_param + 6, argv, ip);
	    if (auip->init.util.rmbcmt > 100)
		auip->init.util.rmbcmt = 100;
	}
	else if (has_prefix("ramv", sub_param)) {
	    auip->init.util.ramv = get_bool_value(sub_param + 4, argv, ip);
	}
	else
	    goto bad_switch;
	break;
    case 's':
	if(has_prefix("sbct", sub_param)) {
	    auip->init.util.sbct = get_kb_value(sub_param + 4, argv, ip);
	}
	else if (has_prefix("smbcs", sub_param)) {
	    auip->default_.smbcs = 0;
	    auip->init.util.smbcs = get_kb_value(sub_param + 5, argv, ip);
	}
	else
	    goto bad_switch;
	break;
    case 't': {
	int res = get_bool_value(sub_param+1, argv, ip);
	if (res > 0) {
	    if (!auip->thr_spec_allowed) {
		if (!u_switch)
                    bad_value(param, sub_param + 1, "true");
		else
		    ASSERT(!auip->thr_spec); /* ignore */
	    }
	    else
		auip->thr_spec = 1;
	    break;
	}
	else if (res == 0) {
	    auip->thr_spec = 0;
	    auip->init.util.acul = 0;
	    break;
	}
	goto bad_switch;
    }
    default:
    bad_switch:
	bad_param(param, sub_param);
    }
}

static void
handle_args(int *argc, char **argv, erts_alc_hndl_args_init_t *init)
{
    struct au_init *aui[] = {
	&init->binary_alloc,
	&init->std_alloc,
	&init->ets_alloc,
	&init->eheap_alloc,
	&init->ll_alloc,
	&init->driver_alloc,
	&init->fix_alloc,
	&init->sl_alloc
	/* test_alloc not affected by +Mea??? or +Mu???  */
    };
    int aui_sz = (int) sizeof(aui)/sizeof(aui[0]);
    char *arg;
    char *rest;
    int i, j;

    i = 1;

    ASSERT(argc && argv && init);

    while (i < *argc) {
	if(argv[i][0] == '-') {
	    char *param = argv[i]+1;
	    switch (argv[i][1]) {
	    case 'M':
		switch (argv[i][2]) {
		case 'B':
		    handle_au_arg(&init->binary_alloc, &argv[i][3], argv, &i, 0);
		    break;
                case 'I':
                    if (has_prefix("scs", argv[i]+3)) {
#if HAVE_ERTS_MSEG
			init->mseg.literal_mmap.scs =
#endif
			    get_mb_value(argv[i]+6, argv, &i);
		    }
                    else
                        handle_au_arg(&init->literal_alloc, &argv[i][3], argv, &i, 0);
		    break;
                case 'X':
                    if (has_prefix("scs", argv[i]+3)) {
                        /* Ignore obsolete */
                        (void) get_mb_value(argv[i]+6, argv, &i);
                    }
                    else
                        handle_au_arg(&init->exec_alloc, &argv[i][3], argv, &i, 0);
                    break;
		case 'D':
		    handle_au_arg(&init->std_alloc, &argv[i][3], argv, &i, 0);
		    break;
		case 'E':
		    handle_au_arg(&init->ets_alloc, &argv[i][3], argv, &i, 0);
		    break;
		case 'F':
		    handle_au_arg(&init->fix_alloc, &argv[i][3], argv, &i, 0);
		    break;
		case 'H':
		    handle_au_arg(&init->eheap_alloc, &argv[i][3], argv, &i, 0);
		    break;
		case 'L':
		    handle_au_arg(&init->ll_alloc, &argv[i][3], argv, &i, 0);
		    break;
		case 'M':
		    if (has_prefix("amcbf", argv[i]+3)) {
#if HAVE_ERTS_MSEG
			init->mseg.amcbf =
#endif
			    get_kb_value(argv[i]+8, argv, &i);
		    }
		    else if (has_prefix("rmcbf", argv[i]+3)) {
#if HAVE_ERTS_MSEG
			init->mseg.rmcbf =
#endif
			    get_amount_value(argv[i]+8, argv, &i);
		    }
		    else if (has_prefix("mcs", argv[i]+3)) {
#if HAVE_ERTS_MSEG
			init->mseg.mcs =
#endif
			    get_amount_value(argv[i]+6, argv, &i);
		    }
		    else if (has_prefix("scs", argv[i]+3)) {
#if HAVE_ERTS_MSEG
			init->mseg.dflt_mmap.scs =
#endif
			    get_mb_value(argv[i]+6, argv, &i);
		    }
		    else if (has_prefix("sco", argv[i]+3)) {
#if HAVE_ERTS_MSEG
			init->mseg.dflt_mmap.sco =
#endif
			    get_bool_value(argv[i]+6, argv, &i);
		    }
		    else if (has_prefix("scrpm", argv[i]+3)) {
#if HAVE_ERTS_MSEG
			init->mseg.dflt_mmap.scrpm =
#endif
			    get_bool_value(argv[i]+8, argv, &i);
		    }
		    else if (has_prefix("scrfsd", argv[i]+3)) {
#if HAVE_ERTS_MSEG
			init->mseg.dflt_mmap.scrfsd =
#endif
			    get_amount_value(argv[i]+9, argv, &i);
		    }
		    else {
			bad_param(param, param+2);
		    }
		    break;
		case 'R':
		    handle_au_arg(&init->driver_alloc, &argv[i][3], argv, &i, 0);
		    break;
		case 'S':
		    handle_au_arg(&init->sl_alloc, &argv[i][3], argv, &i, 0);
		    break;
		case 'T':
		    handle_au_arg(&init->temp_alloc, &argv[i][3], argv, &i, 0);
		    break;
		case 'Z':
		    handle_au_arg(&init->test_alloc, &argv[i][3], argv, &i, 0);
		    break;
		case 'Y': { /* sys_alloc */
		    if (has_prefix("tt", param+2)) {
			/* set trim threshold */
			arg = get_value(param+4, argv, &i);
			errno = 0;
			init->trim_threshold = (int) strtol(arg, &rest, 10);
			if (errno != 0
			    || rest == arg
			    || init->trim_threshold < 0
			    || (INT_MAX/1024) < init->trim_threshold) {
			    bad_value(param, param+4, arg);
			}
			VERBOSE(DEBUG_SYSTEM,
                                ("using trim threshold: %d\n",
                                 init->trim_threshold));
			init->trim_threshold *= 1024;
		    }
		    else if (has_prefix("tp", param+2)) {
			/* set top pad */
			arg = get_value(param+4, argv, &i);
			errno = 0;
			init->top_pad = (int) strtol(arg, &rest, 10);
			if (errno != 0
			    || rest == arg
			    || init->top_pad < 0
			    || (INT_MAX/1024) < init->top_pad) {
			    bad_value(param, param+4, arg);
			}
			VERBOSE(DEBUG_SYSTEM,
                                ("using top pad: %d\n",init->top_pad));
			init->top_pad *= 1024;
		    }
		    else if (has_prefix("m", param+2)) {
			/* Has been handled by erlexec */
			(void) get_value(param+3, argv, &i);
		    }
		    else if (has_prefix("e", param+2)) {
			arg = get_value(param+3, argv, &i);
			if (sys_strcmp("true", arg) != 0)
			    bad_value(param, param+3, arg);
		    }
		    else
			bad_param(param, param+2);
		    break;
		}
		case 'e':
		    switch (argv[i][3]) {
		    case 'a': {
			int a;
			arg = get_value(argv[i]+4, argv, &i);
			if (sys_strcmp("min", arg) == 0) {
			    for (a = 0; a < aui_sz; a++)
				aui[a]->enable = 0;
			}
			else if (sys_strcmp("max", arg) == 0) {
			    for (a = 0; a < aui_sz; a++)
				aui[a]->enable = 1;
			}
			else if (sys_strcmp("config", arg) == 0) {
			    init->erts_alloc_config = 1;
			}
			else if (sys_strcmp("r9c", arg) == 0
				 || sys_strcmp("r10b", arg) == 0
				 || sys_strcmp("r11b", arg) == 0) {
			    set_default_sl_alloc_opts(&init->sl_alloc);
			    set_default_std_alloc_opts(&init->std_alloc);
			    set_default_ll_alloc_opts(&init->ll_alloc);
			    set_default_temp_alloc_opts(&init->temp_alloc);
			    set_default_eheap_alloc_opts(&init->eheap_alloc);
			    set_default_binary_alloc_opts(&init->binary_alloc);
			    set_default_ets_alloc_opts(&init->ets_alloc);
			    set_default_driver_alloc_opts(&init->driver…