/ext/exif/exif.c

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/*
   +----------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | Copyright (c) The PHP Group                                          |
   +----------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | This source file is subject to version 3.01 of the PHP license,      |
   | that is bundled with this package in the file LICENSE, and is        |
   | available through the world-wide-web at the following url:           |
   | http://www.php.net/license/3_01.txt                                  |
   | If you did not receive a copy of the PHP license and are unable to   |
   | obtain it through the world-wide-web, please send a note to          |
   | license@php.net so we can mail you a copy immediately.               |
   +----------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | Authors: Rasmus Lerdorf <rasmus@php.net>                             |
   |          Marcus Boerger <helly@php.net>                              |
   +----------------------------------------------------------------------+
 */

#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
#include "config.h"
#endif

#include "php.h"
#include "ext/standard/file.h"

#if HAVE_EXIF

/* When EXIF_DEBUG is defined the module generates a lot of debug messages
 * that help understanding what is going on. This can and should be used
 * while extending the module as it shows if you are at the right position.
 * You are always considered to have a copy of TIFF6.0 and EXIF2.10 standard.
 */
#undef EXIF_DEBUG

#ifdef EXIF_DEBUG
#define EXIFERR_DC , const char *_file, size_t _line
#define EXIFERR_CC , __FILE__, __LINE__
#else
#define EXIFERR_DC
#define EXIFERR_CC
#endif

#include "php_exif.h"
#include "exif_arginfo.h"
#include <math.h>
#include "php_ini.h"
#include "ext/standard/php_string.h"
#include "ext/standard/php_image.h"
#include "ext/standard/info.h"

/* needed for ssize_t definition */
#include <sys/types.h>

#ifdef __SANITIZE_ADDRESS__
# include <sanitizer/asan_interface.h>
#endif

typedef unsigned char uchar;

#ifndef TRUE
#	define TRUE 1
#	define FALSE 0
#endif

#ifndef max
#	define max(a,b) ((a)>(b) ? (a) : (b))
#endif

#define EFREE_IF(ptr)	if (ptr) efree(ptr)

#define MAX_IFD_NESTING_LEVEL 150

/* {{{ PHP_MINFO_FUNCTION
 */
PHP_MINFO_FUNCTION(exif)
{
	php_info_print_table_start();
	php_info_print_table_row(2, "EXIF Support", "enabled");
	php_info_print_table_row(2, "Supported EXIF Version", "0220");
	php_info_print_table_row(2, "Supported filetypes", "JPEG, TIFF");

	if (zend_hash_str_exists(&module_registry, "mbstring", sizeof("mbstring")-1)) {
		php_info_print_table_row(2, "Multibyte decoding support using mbstring", "enabled");
	} else {
		php_info_print_table_row(2, "Multibyte decoding support using mbstring", "disabled");
	}

	php_info_print_table_row(2, "Extended EXIF tag formats", "Canon, Casio, Fujifilm, Nikon, Olympus, Samsung, Panasonic, DJI, Sony, Pentax, Minolta, Sigma, Foveon, Kyocera, Ricoh, AGFA, Epson");
	php_info_print_table_end();

	DISPLAY_INI_ENTRIES();
}
/* }}} */

ZEND_BEGIN_MODULE_GLOBALS(exif)
	char * encode_unicode;
	char * decode_unicode_be;
	char * decode_unicode_le;
	char * encode_jis;
	char * decode_jis_be;
	char * decode_jis_le;
	HashTable *tag_table_cache;
ZEND_END_MODULE_GLOBALS(exif)

ZEND_DECLARE_MODULE_GLOBALS(exif)
#define EXIF_G(v) ZEND_MODULE_GLOBALS_ACCESSOR(exif, v)

#if defined(ZTS) && defined(COMPILE_DL_EXIF)
ZEND_TSRMLS_CACHE_DEFINE()
#endif

/* {{{ PHP_INI
 */

ZEND_INI_MH(OnUpdateEncode)
{
	if (new_value && ZSTR_LEN(new_value)) {
		const zend_encoding **return_list;
		size_t return_size;
		if (FAILURE == zend_multibyte_parse_encoding_list(ZSTR_VAL(new_value), ZSTR_LEN(new_value),
	&return_list, &return_size, 0)) {
			php_error_docref(NULL, E_WARNING, "Illegal encoding ignored: '%s'", ZSTR_VAL(new_value));
			return FAILURE;
		}
		pefree((void *) return_list, 0);
	}
	return OnUpdateString(entry, new_value, mh_arg1, mh_arg2, mh_arg3, stage);
}

ZEND_INI_MH(OnUpdateDecode)
{
	if (new_value) {
		const zend_encoding **return_list;
		size_t return_size;
		if (FAILURE == zend_multibyte_parse_encoding_list(ZSTR_VAL(new_value), ZSTR_LEN(new_value),
	&return_list, &return_size, 0)) {
			php_error_docref(NULL, E_WARNING, "Illegal encoding ignored: '%s'", ZSTR_VAL(new_value));
			return FAILURE;
		}
		pefree((void *) return_list, 0);
	}
	return OnUpdateString(entry, new_value, mh_arg1, mh_arg2, mh_arg3, stage);
}

PHP_INI_BEGIN()
    STD_PHP_INI_ENTRY("exif.encode_unicode",          "ISO-8859-15", PHP_INI_ALL, OnUpdateEncode, encode_unicode,    zend_exif_globals, exif_globals)
    STD_PHP_INI_ENTRY("exif.decode_unicode_motorola", "UCS-2BE",     PHP_INI_ALL, OnUpdateDecode, decode_unicode_be, zend_exif_globals, exif_globals)
    STD_PHP_INI_ENTRY("exif.decode_unicode_intel",    "UCS-2LE",     PHP_INI_ALL, OnUpdateDecode, decode_unicode_le, zend_exif_globals, exif_globals)
    STD_PHP_INI_ENTRY("exif.encode_jis",              "",            PHP_INI_ALL, OnUpdateEncode, encode_jis,        zend_exif_globals, exif_globals)
    STD_PHP_INI_ENTRY("exif.decode_jis_motorola",     "JIS",         PHP_INI_ALL, OnUpdateDecode, decode_jis_be,     zend_exif_globals, exif_globals)
    STD_PHP_INI_ENTRY("exif.decode_jis_intel",        "JIS",         PHP_INI_ALL, OnUpdateDecode, decode_jis_le,     zend_exif_globals, exif_globals)
PHP_INI_END()
/* }}} */

/* {{{ PHP_GINIT_FUNCTION
 */
static PHP_GINIT_FUNCTION(exif)
{
#if defined(COMPILE_DL_EXIF) && defined(ZTS)
	ZEND_TSRMLS_CACHE_UPDATE();
#endif
	exif_globals->encode_unicode    = NULL;
	exif_globals->decode_unicode_be = NULL;
	exif_globals->decode_unicode_le = NULL;
	exif_globals->encode_jis        = NULL;
	exif_globals->decode_jis_be     = NULL;
	exif_globals->decode_jis_le     = NULL;
	exif_globals->tag_table_cache   = NULL;
}
/* }}} */

/* {{{ PHP_MINIT_FUNCTION(exif)
 */
PHP_MINIT_FUNCTION(exif)
{
	REGISTER_INI_ENTRIES();
	if (zend_hash_str_exists(&module_registry, "mbstring", sizeof("mbstring")-1)) {
		REGISTER_LONG_CONSTANT("EXIF_USE_MBSTRING", 1, CONST_CS | CONST_PERSISTENT);
	} else {
		REGISTER_LONG_CONSTANT("EXIF_USE_MBSTRING", 0, CONST_CS | CONST_PERSISTENT);
	}
	return SUCCESS;
}
/* }}} */

/* {{{ PHP_MSHUTDOWN_FUNCTION
 */
PHP_MSHUTDOWN_FUNCTION(exif)
{
	UNREGISTER_INI_ENTRIES();
	if (EXIF_G(tag_table_cache)) {
		zend_hash_destroy(EXIF_G(tag_table_cache));
		free(EXIF_G(tag_table_cache));
	}
	return SUCCESS;
}
/* }}} */

/* {{{ exif dependencies */
static const zend_module_dep exif_module_deps[] = {
	ZEND_MOD_REQUIRED("standard")
	ZEND_MOD_OPTIONAL("mbstring")
	ZEND_MOD_END
};
/* }}} */

/* {{{ exif_module_entry
 */
zend_module_entry exif_module_entry = {
	STANDARD_MODULE_HEADER_EX, NULL,
	exif_module_deps,
	"exif",
	ext_functions,
	PHP_MINIT(exif),
	PHP_MSHUTDOWN(exif),
	NULL, NULL,
	PHP_MINFO(exif),
	PHP_EXIF_VERSION,
	PHP_MODULE_GLOBALS(exif),
	PHP_GINIT(exif),
	NULL,
	NULL,
	STANDARD_MODULE_PROPERTIES_EX
};
/* }}} */

#ifdef COMPILE_DL_EXIF
ZEND_GET_MODULE(exif)
#endif

/* {{{ php_strnlen
 * get length of string if buffer if less than buffer size or buffer size */
static size_t php_strnlen(char* str, size_t maxlen) {
	size_t len = 0;

	if (str && maxlen && *str) {
		do {
			len++;
		} while (--maxlen && *(++str));
	}
	return len;
}
/* }}} */

/* {{{ error messages
*/
static const char * EXIF_ERROR_FILEEOF   = "Unexpected end of file reached";
static const char * EXIF_ERROR_CORRUPT   = "File structure corrupted";
static const char * EXIF_ERROR_THUMBEOF  = "Thumbnail goes IFD boundary or end of file reached";
static const char * EXIF_ERROR_FSREALLOC = "Illegal reallocating of undefined file section";

#define EXIF_ERRLOG_FILEEOF(ImageInfo)    exif_error_docref(NULL EXIFERR_CC, ImageInfo, E_WARNING, "%s", EXIF_ERROR_FILEEOF);
#define EXIF_ERRLOG_CORRUPT(ImageInfo)    exif_error_docref(NULL EXIFERR_CC, ImageInfo, E_WARNING, "%s", EXIF_ERROR_CORRUPT);
#define EXIF_ERRLOG_THUMBEOF(ImageInfo)   exif_error_docref(NULL EXIFERR_CC, ImageInfo, E_WARNING, "%s", EXIF_ERROR_THUMBEOF);
#define EXIF_ERRLOG_FSREALLOC(ImageInfo)  exif_error_docref(NULL EXIFERR_CC, ImageInfo, E_WARNING, "%s", EXIF_ERROR_FSREALLOC);
/* }}} */

/* {{{ format description defines
   Describes format descriptor
*/
static int php_tiff_bytes_per_format[] = {0, 1, 1, 2, 4, 8, 1, 1, 2, 4, 8, 4, 8, 1};
#define NUM_FORMATS 13

#define TAG_FMT_BYTE       1
#define TAG_FMT_STRING     2
#define TAG_FMT_USHORT     3
#define TAG_FMT_ULONG      4
#define TAG_FMT_URATIONAL  5
#define TAG_FMT_SBYTE      6
#define TAG_FMT_UNDEFINED  7
#define TAG_FMT_SSHORT     8
#define TAG_FMT_SLONG      9
#define TAG_FMT_SRATIONAL 10
#define TAG_FMT_SINGLE    11
#define TAG_FMT_DOUBLE    12
#define TAG_FMT_IFD       13

#ifdef EXIF_DEBUG
static char *exif_get_tagformat(int format)
{
	switch(format) {
		case TAG_FMT_BYTE:      return "BYTE";
		case TAG_FMT_STRING:    return "STRING";
		case TAG_FMT_USHORT:    return "USHORT";
		case TAG_FMT_ULONG:     return "ULONG";
		case TAG_FMT_URATIONAL: return "URATIONAL";
		case TAG_FMT_SBYTE:     return "SBYTE";
		case TAG_FMT_UNDEFINED: return "UNDEFINED";
		case TAG_FMT_SSHORT:    return "SSHORT";
		case TAG_FMT_SLONG:     return "SLONG";
		case TAG_FMT_SRATIONAL: return "SRATIONAL";
		case TAG_FMT_SINGLE:    return "SINGLE";
		case TAG_FMT_DOUBLE:    return "DOUBLE";
		case TAG_FMT_IFD:       return "IFD";
	}
	return "*Illegal";
}
#endif

/* Describes tag values */
#define TAG_GPS_VERSION_ID              0x0000
#define TAG_GPS_LATITUDE_REF            0x0001
#define TAG_GPS_LATITUDE                0x0002
#define TAG_GPS_LONGITUDE_REF           0x0003
#define TAG_GPS_LONGITUDE               0x0004
#define TAG_GPS_ALTITUDE_REF            0x0005
#define TAG_GPS_ALTITUDE                0x0006
#define TAG_GPS_TIME_STAMP              0x0007
#define TAG_GPS_SATELLITES              0x0008
#define TAG_GPS_STATUS                  0x0009
#define TAG_GPS_MEASURE_MODE            0x000A
#define TAG_GPS_DOP                     0x000B
#define TAG_GPS_SPEED_REF               0x000C
#define TAG_GPS_SPEED                   0x000D
#define TAG_GPS_TRACK_REF               0x000E
#define TAG_GPS_TRACK                   0x000F
#define TAG_GPS_IMG_DIRECTION_REF       0x0010
#define TAG_GPS_IMG_DIRECTION           0x0011
#define TAG_GPS_MAP_DATUM               0x0012
#define TAG_GPS_DEST_LATITUDE_REF       0x0013
#define TAG_GPS_DEST_LATITUDE           0x0014
#define TAG_GPS_DEST_LONGITUDE_REF      0x0015
#define TAG_GPS_DEST_LONGITUDE          0x0016
#define TAG_GPS_DEST_BEARING_REF        0x0017
#define TAG_GPS_DEST_BEARING            0x0018
#define TAG_GPS_DEST_DISTANCE_REF       0x0019
#define TAG_GPS_DEST_DISTANCE           0x001A
#define TAG_GPS_PROCESSING_METHOD       0x001B
#define TAG_GPS_AREA_INFORMATION        0x001C
#define TAG_GPS_DATE_STAMP              0x001D
#define TAG_GPS_DIFFERENTIAL            0x001E
#define TAG_TIFF_COMMENT                0x00FE /* SHOULDN'T HAPPEN */
#define TAG_NEW_SUBFILE                 0x00FE /* New version of subfile tag */
#define TAG_SUBFILE_TYPE                0x00FF /* Old version of subfile tag */
#define TAG_IMAGEWIDTH                  0x0100
#define TAG_IMAGEHEIGHT                 0x0101
#define TAG_BITS_PER_SAMPLE             0x0102
#define TAG_COMPRESSION                 0x0103
#define TAG_PHOTOMETRIC_INTERPRETATION  0x0106
#define TAG_TRESHHOLDING                0x0107
#define TAG_CELL_WIDTH                  0x0108
#define TAG_CELL_HEIGHT                 0x0109
#define TAG_FILL_ORDER                  0x010A
#define TAG_DOCUMENT_NAME               0x010D
#define TAG_IMAGE_DESCRIPTION           0x010E
#define TAG_MAKE                        0x010F
#define TAG_MODEL                       0x0110
#define TAG_STRIP_OFFSETS               0x0111
#define TAG_ORIENTATION                 0x0112
#define TAG_SAMPLES_PER_PIXEL           0x0115
#define TAG_ROWS_PER_STRIP              0x0116
#define TAG_STRIP_BYTE_COUNTS           0x0117
#define TAG_MIN_SAMPPLE_VALUE           0x0118
#define TAG_MAX_SAMPLE_VALUE            0x0119
#define TAG_X_RESOLUTION                0x011A
#define TAG_Y_RESOLUTION                0x011B
#define TAG_PLANAR_CONFIGURATION        0x011C
#define TAG_PAGE_NAME                   0x011D
#define TAG_X_POSITION                  0x011E
#define TAG_Y_POSITION                  0x011F
#define TAG_FREE_OFFSETS                0x0120
#define TAG_FREE_BYTE_COUNTS            0x0121
#define TAG_GRAY_RESPONSE_UNIT          0x0122
#define TAG_GRAY_RESPONSE_CURVE         0x0123
#define TAG_RESOLUTION_UNIT             0x0128
#define TAG_PAGE_NUMBER                 0x0129
#define TAG_TRANSFER_FUNCTION           0x012D
#define TAG_SOFTWARE                    0x0131
#define TAG_DATETIME                    0x0132
#define TAG_ARTIST                      0x013B
#define TAG_HOST_COMPUTER               0x013C
#define TAG_PREDICTOR                   0x013D
#define TAG_WHITE_POINT                 0x013E
#define TAG_PRIMARY_CHROMATICITIES      0x013F
#define TAG_COLOR_MAP                   0x0140
#define TAG_HALFTONE_HINTS              0x0141
#define TAG_TILE_WIDTH                  0x0142
#define TAG_TILE_LENGTH                 0x0143
#define TAG_TILE_OFFSETS                0x0144
#define TAG_TILE_BYTE_COUNTS            0x0145
#define TAG_SUB_IFD                     0x014A
#define TAG_INK_SETMPUTER               0x014C
#define TAG_INK_NAMES                   0x014D
#define TAG_NUMBER_OF_INKS              0x014E
#define TAG_DOT_RANGE                   0x0150
#define TAG_TARGET_PRINTER              0x0151
#define TAG_EXTRA_SAMPLE                0x0152
#define TAG_SAMPLE_FORMAT               0x0153
#define TAG_S_MIN_SAMPLE_VALUE          0x0154
#define TAG_S_MAX_SAMPLE_VALUE          0x0155
#define TAG_TRANSFER_RANGE              0x0156
#define TAG_JPEG_TABLES                 0x015B
#define TAG_JPEG_PROC                   0x0200
#define TAG_JPEG_INTERCHANGE_FORMAT     0x0201
#define TAG_JPEG_INTERCHANGE_FORMAT_LEN 0x0202
#define TAG_JPEG_RESTART_INTERVAL       0x0203
#define TAG_JPEG_LOSSLESS_PREDICTOR     0x0205
#define TAG_JPEG_POINT_TRANSFORMS       0x0206
#define TAG_JPEG_Q_TABLES               0x0207
#define TAG_JPEG_DC_TABLES              0x0208
#define TAG_JPEG_AC_TABLES              0x0209
#define TAG_YCC_COEFFICIENTS            0x0211
#define TAG_YCC_SUB_SAMPLING            0x0212
#define TAG_YCC_POSITIONING             0x0213
#define TAG_REFERENCE_BLACK_WHITE       0x0214
/* 0x0301 - 0x0302 */
/* 0x0320 */
/* 0x0343 */
/* 0x5001 - 0x501B */
/* 0x5021 - 0x503B */
/* 0x5090 - 0x5091 */
/* 0x5100 - 0x5101 */
/* 0x5110 - 0x5113 */
/* 0x80E3 - 0x80E6 */
/* 0x828d - 0x828F */
#define TAG_COPYRIGHT                   0x8298
#define TAG_EXPOSURETIME                0x829A
#define TAG_FNUMBER                     0x829D
#define TAG_EXIF_IFD_POINTER            0x8769
#define TAG_ICC_PROFILE                 0x8773
#define TAG_EXPOSURE_PROGRAM            0x8822
#define TAG_SPECTRAL_SENSITY            0x8824
#define TAG_GPS_IFD_POINTER             0x8825
#define TAG_ISOSPEED                    0x8827
#define TAG_OPTOELECTRIC_CONVERSION_F   0x8828
/* 0x8829 - 0x882b */
#define TAG_EXIFVERSION                 0x9000
#define TAG_DATE_TIME_ORIGINAL          0x9003
#define TAG_DATE_TIME_DIGITIZED         0x9004
#define TAG_COMPONENT_CONFIG            0x9101
#define TAG_COMPRESSED_BITS_PER_PIXEL   0x9102
#define TAG_SHUTTERSPEED                0x9201
#define TAG_APERTURE                    0x9202
#define TAG_BRIGHTNESS_VALUE            0x9203
#define TAG_EXPOSURE_BIAS_VALUE         0x9204
#define TAG_MAX_APERTURE                0x9205
#define TAG_SUBJECT_DISTANCE            0x9206
#define TAG_METRIC_MODULE               0x9207
#define TAG_LIGHT_SOURCE                0x9208
#define TAG_FLASH                       0x9209
#define TAG_FOCAL_LENGTH                0x920A
/* 0x920B - 0x920D */
/* 0x9211 - 0x9216 */
#define TAG_SUBJECT_AREA                0x9214
#define TAG_MAKER_NOTE                  0x927C
#define TAG_USERCOMMENT                 0x9286
#define TAG_SUB_SEC_TIME                0x9290
#define TAG_SUB_SEC_TIME_ORIGINAL       0x9291
#define TAG_SUB_SEC_TIME_DIGITIZED      0x9292
/* 0x923F */
/* 0x935C */
#define TAG_XP_TITLE                    0x9C9B
#define TAG_XP_COMMENTS                 0x9C9C
#define TAG_XP_AUTHOR                   0x9C9D
#define TAG_XP_KEYWORDS                 0x9C9E
#define TAG_XP_SUBJECT                  0x9C9F
#define TAG_FLASH_PIX_VERSION           0xA000
#define TAG_COLOR_SPACE                 0xA001
#define TAG_COMP_IMAGE_WIDTH            0xA002 /* compressed images only */
#define TAG_COMP_IMAGE_HEIGHT           0xA003
#define TAG_RELATED_SOUND_FILE          0xA004
#define TAG_INTEROP_IFD_POINTER         0xA005 /* IFD pointer */
#define TAG_FLASH_ENERGY                0xA20B
#define TAG_SPATIAL_FREQUENCY_RESPONSE  0xA20C
#define TAG_FOCALPLANE_X_RES            0xA20E
#define TAG_FOCALPLANE_Y_RES            0xA20F
#define TAG_FOCALPLANE_RESOLUTION_UNIT  0xA210
#define TAG_SUBJECT_LOCATION            0xA214
#define TAG_EXPOSURE_INDEX              0xA215
#define TAG_SENSING_METHOD              0xA217
#define TAG_FILE_SOURCE                 0xA300
#define TAG_SCENE_TYPE                  0xA301
#define TAG_CFA_PATTERN                 0xA302
#define TAG_CUSTOM_RENDERED             0xA401
#define TAG_EXPOSURE_MODE               0xA402
#define TAG_WHITE_BALANCE               0xA403
#define TAG_DIGITAL_ZOOM_RATIO          0xA404
#define TAG_FOCAL_LENGTH_IN_35_MM_FILM  0xA405
#define TAG_SCENE_CAPTURE_TYPE          0xA406
#define TAG_GAIN_CONTROL                0xA407
#define TAG_CONTRAST                    0xA408
#define TAG_SATURATION                  0xA409
#define TAG_SHARPNESS                   0xA40A
#define TAG_DEVICE_SETTING_DESCRIPTION  0xA40B
#define TAG_SUBJECT_DISTANCE_RANGE      0xA40C
#define TAG_IMAGE_UNIQUE_ID             0xA420

/* Olympus specific tags */
#define TAG_OLYMPUS_SPECIALMODE         0x0200
#define TAG_OLYMPUS_JPEGQUAL            0x0201
#define TAG_OLYMPUS_MACRO               0x0202
#define TAG_OLYMPUS_DIGIZOOM            0x0204
#define TAG_OLYMPUS_SOFTWARERELEASE     0x0207
#define TAG_OLYMPUS_PICTINFO            0x0208
#define TAG_OLYMPUS_CAMERAID            0x0209
/* end Olympus specific tags */

/* Internal */
#define TAG_NONE               			-1 /* note that -1 <> 0xFFFF */
#define TAG_COMPUTED_VALUE     			-2
#define TAG_END_OF_LIST                 0xFFFD

/* Values for TAG_PHOTOMETRIC_INTERPRETATION */
#define PMI_BLACK_IS_ZERO       0
#define PMI_WHITE_IS_ZERO       1
#define PMI_RGB          	    2
#define PMI_PALETTE_COLOR       3
#define PMI_TRANSPARENCY_MASK   4
#define PMI_SEPARATED           5
#define PMI_YCBCR               6
#define PMI_CIELAB              8

/* }}} */

/* {{{ TabTable[]
 */
typedef const struct {
	unsigned short Tag;
	char *Desc;
} tag_info_type;

typedef tag_info_type  tag_info_array[];
typedef tag_info_type  *tag_table_type;

#define TAG_TABLE_END \
  {TAG_NONE,           "No tag value"},\
  {TAG_COMPUTED_VALUE, "Computed value"},\
  {TAG_END_OF_LIST,    ""}  /* Important for exif_get_tagname() IF value != "" function result is != false */

static tag_info_array tag_table_IFD = {
  { 0x000B, "ACDComment"},
  { 0x00FE, "NewSubFile"}, /* better name it 'ImageType' ? */
  { 0x00FF, "SubFile"},
  { 0x0100, "ImageWidth"},
  { 0x0101, "ImageLength"},
  { 0x0102, "BitsPerSample"},
  { 0x0103, "Compression"},
  { 0x0106, "PhotometricInterpretation"},
  { 0x010A, "FillOrder"},
  { 0x010D, "DocumentName"},
  { 0x010E, "ImageDescription"},
  { 0x010F, "Make"},
  { 0x0110, "Model"},
  { 0x0111, "StripOffsets"},
  { 0x0112, "Orientation"},
  { 0x0115, "SamplesPerPixel"},
  { 0x0116, "RowsPerStrip"},
  { 0x0117, "StripByteCounts"},
  { 0x0118, "MinSampleValue"},
  { 0x0119, "MaxSampleValue"},
  { 0x011A, "XResolution"},
  { 0x011B, "YResolution"},
  { 0x011C, "PlanarConfiguration"},
  { 0x011D, "PageName"},
  { 0x011E, "XPosition"},
  { 0x011F, "YPosition"},
  { 0x0120, "FreeOffsets"},
  { 0x0121, "FreeByteCounts"},
  { 0x0122, "GrayResponseUnit"},
  { 0x0123, "GrayResponseCurve"},
  { 0x0124, "T4Options"},
  { 0x0125, "T6Options"},
  { 0x0128, "ResolutionUnit"},
  { 0x0129, "PageNumber"},
  { 0x012D, "TransferFunction"},
  { 0x0131, "Software"},
  { 0x0132, "DateTime"},
  { 0x013B, "Artist"},
  { 0x013C, "HostComputer"},
  { 0x013D, "Predictor"},
  { 0x013E, "WhitePoint"},
  { 0x013F, "PrimaryChromaticities"},
  { 0x0140, "ColorMap"},
  { 0x0141, "HalfToneHints"},
  { 0x0142, "TileWidth"},
  { 0x0143, "TileLength"},
  { 0x0144, "TileOffsets"},
  { 0x0145, "TileByteCounts"},
  { 0x014A, "SubIFD"},
  { 0x014C, "InkSet"},
  { 0x014D, "InkNames"},
  { 0x014E, "NumberOfInks"},
  { 0x0150, "DotRange"},
  { 0x0151, "TargetPrinter"},
  { 0x0152, "ExtraSample"},
  { 0x0153, "SampleFormat"},
  { 0x0154, "SMinSampleValue"},
  { 0x0155, "SMaxSampleValue"},
  { 0x0156, "TransferRange"},
  { 0x0157, "ClipPath"},
  { 0x0158, "XClipPathUnits"},
  { 0x0159, "YClipPathUnits"},
  { 0x015A, "Indexed"},
  { 0x015B, "JPEGTables"},
  { 0x015F, "OPIProxy"},
  { 0x0200, "JPEGProc"},
  { 0x0201, "JPEGInterchangeFormat"},
  { 0x0202, "JPEGInterchangeFormatLength"},
  { 0x0203, "JPEGRestartInterval"},
  { 0x0205, "JPEGLosslessPredictors"},
  { 0x0206, "JPEGPointTransforms"},
  { 0x0207, "JPEGQTables"},
  { 0x0208, "JPEGDCTables"},
  { 0x0209, "JPEGACTables"},
  { 0x0211, "YCbCrCoefficients"},
  { 0x0212, "YCbCrSubSampling"},
  { 0x0213, "YCbCrPositioning"},
  { 0x0214, "ReferenceBlackWhite"},
  { 0x02BC, "ExtensibleMetadataPlatform"}, /* XAP: Extensible Authoring Publishing, obsoleted by XMP: Extensible Metadata Platform */
  { 0x0301, "Gamma"},
  { 0x0302, "ICCProfileDescriptor"},
  { 0x0303, "SRGBRenderingIntent"},
  { 0x0320, "ImageTitle"},
  { 0x5001, "ResolutionXUnit"},
  { 0x5002, "ResolutionYUnit"},
  { 0x5003, "ResolutionXLengthUnit"},
  { 0x5004, "ResolutionYLengthUnit"},
  { 0x5005, "PrintFlags"},
  { 0x5006, "PrintFlagsVersion"},
  { 0x5007, "PrintFlagsCrop"},
  { 0x5008, "PrintFlagsBleedWidth"},
  { 0x5009, "PrintFlagsBleedWidthScale"},
  { 0x500A, "HalftoneLPI"},
  { 0x500B, "HalftoneLPIUnit"},
  { 0x500C, "HalftoneDegree"},
  { 0x500D, "HalftoneShape"},
  { 0x500E, "HalftoneMisc"},
  { 0x500F, "HalftoneScreen"},
  { 0x5010, "JPEGQuality"},
  { 0x5011, "GridSize"},
  { 0x5012, "ThumbnailFormat"},
  { 0x5013, "ThumbnailWidth"},
  { 0x5014, "ThumbnailHeight"},
  { 0x5015, "ThumbnailColorDepth"},
  { 0x5016, "ThumbnailPlanes"},
  { 0x5017, "ThumbnailRawBytes"},
  { 0x5018, "ThumbnailSize"},
  { 0x5019, "ThumbnailCompressedSize"},
  { 0x501A, "ColorTransferFunction"},
  { 0x501B, "ThumbnailData"},
  { 0x5020, "ThumbnailImageWidth"},
  { 0x5021, "ThumbnailImageHeight"},
  { 0x5022, "ThumbnailBitsPerSample"},
  { 0x5023, "ThumbnailCompression"},
  { 0x5024, "ThumbnailPhotometricInterp"},
  { 0x5025, "ThumbnailImageDescription"},
  { 0x5026, "ThumbnailEquipMake"},
  { 0x5027, "ThumbnailEquipModel"},
  { 0x5028, "ThumbnailStripOffsets"},
  { 0x5029, "ThumbnailOrientation"},
  { 0x502A, "ThumbnailSamplesPerPixel"},
  { 0x502B, "ThumbnailRowsPerStrip"},
  { 0x502C, "ThumbnailStripBytesCount"},
  { 0x502D, "ThumbnailResolutionX"},
  { 0x502E, "ThumbnailResolutionY"},
  { 0x502F, "ThumbnailPlanarConfig"},
  { 0x5030, "ThumbnailResolutionUnit"},
  { 0x5031, "ThumbnailTransferFunction"},
  { 0x5032, "ThumbnailSoftwareUsed"},
  { 0x5033, "ThumbnailDateTime"},
  { 0x5034, "ThumbnailArtist"},
  { 0x5035, "ThumbnailWhitePoint"},
  { 0x5036, "ThumbnailPrimaryChromaticities"},
  { 0x5037, "ThumbnailYCbCrCoefficients"},
  { 0x5038, "ThumbnailYCbCrSubsampling"},
  { 0x5039, "ThumbnailYCbCrPositioning"},
  { 0x503A, "ThumbnailRefBlackWhite"},
  { 0x503B, "ThumbnailCopyRight"},
  { 0x5090, "LuminanceTable"},
  { 0x5091, "ChrominanceTable"},
  { 0x5100, "FrameDelay"},
  { 0x5101, "LoopCount"},
  { 0x5110, "PixelUnit"},
  { 0x5111, "PixelPerUnitX"},
  { 0x5112, "PixelPerUnitY"},
  { 0x5113, "PaletteHistogram"},
  { 0x1000, "RelatedImageFileFormat"},
  { 0x800D, "ImageID"},
  { 0x80E3, "Matteing"},   /* obsoleted by ExtraSamples */
  { 0x80E4, "DataType"},   /* obsoleted by SampleFormat */
  { 0x80E5, "ImageDepth"},
  { 0x80E6, "TileDepth"},
  { 0x828D, "CFARepeatPatternDim"},
  { 0x828E, "CFAPattern"},
  { 0x828F, "BatteryLevel"},
  { 0x8298, "Copyright"},
  { 0x829A, "ExposureTime"},
  { 0x829D, "FNumber"},
  { 0x83BB, "IPTC/NAA"},
  { 0x84E3, "IT8RasterPadding"},
  { 0x84E5, "IT8ColorTable"},
  { 0x8649, "ImageResourceInformation"}, /* PhotoShop */
  { 0x8769, "Exif_IFD_Pointer"},
  { 0x8773, "ICC_Profile"},
  { 0x8822, "ExposureProgram"},
  { 0x8824, "SpectralSensity"},
  { 0x8825, "GPS_IFD_Pointer"},
  { 0x8827, "ISOSpeedRatings"},
  { 0x8828, "OECF"},
  { 0x9000, "ExifVersion"},
  { 0x9003, "DateTimeOriginal"},
  { 0x9004, "DateTimeDigitized"},
  { 0x9101, "ComponentsConfiguration"},
  { 0x9102, "CompressedBitsPerPixel"},
  { 0x9201, "ShutterSpeedValue"},
  { 0x9202, "ApertureValue"},
  { 0x9203, "BrightnessValue"},
  { 0x9204, "ExposureBiasValue"},
  { 0x9205, "MaxApertureValue"},
  { 0x9206, "SubjectDistance"},
  { 0x9207, "MeteringMode"},
  { 0x9208, "LightSource"},
  { 0x9209, "Flash"},
  { 0x920A, "FocalLength"},
  { 0x920B, "FlashEnergy"},                 /* 0xA20B  in JPEG   */
  { 0x920C, "SpatialFrequencyResponse"},    /* 0xA20C    -  -    */
  { 0x920D, "Noise"},
  { 0x920E, "FocalPlaneXResolution"},       /* 0xA20E    -  -    */
  { 0x920F, "FocalPlaneYResolution"},       /* 0xA20F    -  -    */
  { 0x9210, "FocalPlaneResolutionUnit"},    /* 0xA210    -  -    */
  { 0x9211, "ImageNumber"},
  { 0x9212, "SecurityClassification"},
  { 0x9213, "ImageHistory"},
  { 0x9214, "SubjectLocation"},             /* 0xA214    -  -    */
  { 0x9215, "ExposureIndex"},               /* 0xA215    -  -    */
  { 0x9216, "TIFF/EPStandardID"},
  { 0x9217, "SensingMethod"},               /* 0xA217    -  -    */
  { 0x923F, "StoNits"},
  { 0x927C, "MakerNote"},
  { 0x9286, "UserComment"},
  { 0x9290, "SubSecTime"},
  { 0x9291, "SubSecTimeOriginal"},
  { 0x9292, "SubSecTimeDigitized"},
  { 0x935C, "ImageSourceData"},             /* "Adobe Photoshop Document Data Block": 8BIM... */
  { 0x9c9b, "Title" },                      /* Win XP specific, Unicode  */
  { 0x9c9c, "Comments" },                   /* Win XP specific, Unicode  */
  { 0x9c9d, "Author" },                     /* Win XP specific, Unicode  */
  { 0x9c9e, "Keywords" },                   /* Win XP specific, Unicode  */
  { 0x9c9f, "Subject" },                    /* Win XP specific, Unicode, not to be confused with SubjectDistance and SubjectLocation */
  { 0xA000, "FlashPixVersion"},
  { 0xA001, "ColorSpace"},
  { 0xA002, "ExifImageWidth"},
  { 0xA003, "ExifImageLength"},
  { 0xA004, "RelatedSoundFile"},
  { 0xA005, "InteroperabilityOffset"},
  { 0xA20B, "FlashEnergy"},                 /* 0x920B in TIFF/EP */
  { 0xA20C, "SpatialFrequencyResponse"},    /* 0x920C    -  -    */
  { 0xA20D, "Noise"},
  { 0xA20E, "FocalPlaneXResolution"},    	/* 0x920E    -  -    */
  { 0xA20F, "FocalPlaneYResolution"},       /* 0x920F    -  -    */
  { 0xA210, "FocalPlaneResolutionUnit"},    /* 0x9210    -  -    */
  { 0xA211, "ImageNumber"},
  { 0xA212, "SecurityClassification"},
  { 0xA213, "ImageHistory"},
  { 0xA214, "SubjectLocation"},             /* 0x9214    -  -    */
  { 0xA215, "ExposureIndex"},               /* 0x9215    -  -    */
  { 0xA216, "TIFF/EPStandardID"},
  { 0xA217, "SensingMethod"},               /* 0x9217    -  -    */
  { 0xA300, "FileSource"},
  { 0xA301, "SceneType"},
  { 0xA302, "CFAPattern"},
  { 0xA401, "CustomRendered"},
  { 0xA402, "ExposureMode"},
  { 0xA403, "WhiteBalance"},
  { 0xA404, "DigitalZoomRatio"},
  { 0xA405, "FocalLengthIn35mmFilm"},
  { 0xA406, "SceneCaptureType"},
  { 0xA407, "GainControl"},
  { 0xA408, "Contrast"},
  { 0xA409, "Saturation"},
  { 0xA40A, "Sharpness"},
  { 0xA40B, "DeviceSettingDescription"},
  { 0xA40C, "SubjectDistanceRange"},
  { 0xA420, "ImageUniqueID"},
  TAG_TABLE_END
} ;

static tag_info_array tag_table_GPS = {
  { 0x0000, "GPSVersion"},
  { 0x0001, "GPSLatitudeRef"},
  { 0x0002, "GPSLatitude"},
  { 0x0003, "GPSLongitudeRef"},
  { 0x0004, "GPSLongitude"},
  { 0x0005, "GPSAltitudeRef"},
  { 0x0006, "GPSAltitude"},
  { 0x0007, "GPSTimeStamp"},
  { 0x0008, "GPSSatellites"},
  { 0x0009, "GPSStatus"},
  { 0x000A, "GPSMeasureMode"},
  { 0x000B, "GPSDOP"},
  { 0x000C, "GPSSpeedRef"},
  { 0x000D, "GPSSpeed"},
  { 0x000E, "GPSTrackRef"},
  { 0x000F, "GPSTrack"},
  { 0x0010, "GPSImgDirectionRef"},
  { 0x0011, "GPSImgDirection"},
  { 0x0012, "GPSMapDatum"},
  { 0x0013, "GPSDestLatitudeRef"},
  { 0x0014, "GPSDestLatitude"},
  { 0x0015, "GPSDestLongitudeRef"},
  { 0x0016, "GPSDestLongitude"},
  { 0x0017, "GPSDestBearingRef"},
  { 0x0018, "GPSDestBearing"},
  { 0x0019, "GPSDestDistanceRef"},
  { 0x001A, "GPSDestDistance"},
  { 0x001B, "GPSProcessingMode"},
  { 0x001C, "GPSAreaInformation"},
  { 0x001D, "GPSDateStamp"},
  { 0x001E, "GPSDifferential"},
  TAG_TABLE_END
};

static tag_info_array tag_table_IOP = {
  { 0x0001, "InterOperabilityIndex"}, /* should be 'R98' or 'THM' */
  { 0x0002, "InterOperabilityVersion"},
  { 0x1000, "RelatedFileFormat"},
  { 0x1001, "RelatedImageWidth"},
  { 0x1002, "RelatedImageHeight"},
  TAG_TABLE_END
};

static tag_info_array tag_table_VND_CANON = {
  { 0x0001, "ModeArray"}, /* guess */
  { 0x0004, "ImageInfo"}, /* guess */
  { 0x0006, "ImageType"},
  { 0x0007, "FirmwareVersion"},
  { 0x0008, "ImageNumber"},
  { 0x0009, "OwnerName"},
  { 0x000C, "Camera"},
  { 0x000F, "CustomFunctions"},
  TAG_TABLE_END
};

static tag_info_array tag_table_VND_CASIO = {
  { 0x0001, "RecordingMode"},
  { 0x0002, "Quality"},
  { 0x0003, "FocusingMode"},
  { 0x0004, "FlashMode"},
  { 0x0005, "FlashIntensity"},
  { 0x0006, "ObjectDistance"},
  { 0x0007, "WhiteBalance"},
  { 0x000A, "DigitalZoom"},
  { 0x000B, "Sharpness"},
  { 0x000C, "Contrast"},
  { 0x000D, "Saturation"},
  { 0x0014, "CCDSensitivity"},
  TAG_TABLE_END
};

static tag_info_array tag_table_VND_FUJI = {
  { 0x0000, "Version"},
  { 0x1000, "Quality"},
  { 0x1001, "Sharpness"},
  { 0x1002, "WhiteBalance"},
  { 0x1003, "Color"},
  { 0x1004, "Tone"},
  { 0x1010, "FlashMode"},
  { 0x1011, "FlashStrength"},
  { 0x1020, "Macro"},
  { 0x1021, "FocusMode"},
  { 0x1030, "SlowSync"},
  { 0x1031, "PictureMode"},
  { 0x1100, "ContTake"},
  { 0x1300, "BlurWarning"},
  { 0x1301, "FocusWarning"},
  { 0x1302, "AEWarning "},
  TAG_TABLE_END
};

static tag_info_array tag_table_VND_NIKON = {
  { 0x0003, "Quality"},
  { 0x0004, "ColorMode"},
  { 0x0005, "ImageAdjustment"},
  { 0x0006, "CCDSensitivity"},
  { 0x0007, "WhiteBalance"},
  { 0x0008, "Focus"},
  { 0x000a, "DigitalZoom"},
  { 0x000b, "Converter"},
  TAG_TABLE_END
};

static tag_info_array tag_table_VND_NIKON_990 = {
  { 0x0001, "Version"},
  { 0x0002, "ISOSetting"},
  { 0x0003, "ColorMode"},
  { 0x0004, "Quality"},
  { 0x0005, "WhiteBalance"},
  { 0x0006, "ImageSharpening"},
  { 0x0007, "FocusMode"},
  { 0x0008, "FlashSetting"},
  { 0x000F, "ISOSelection"},
  { 0x0080, "ImageAdjustment"},
  { 0x0082, "AuxiliaryLens"},
  { 0x0085, "ManualFocusDistance"},
  { 0x0086, "DigitalZoom"},
  { 0x0088, "AFFocusPosition"},
  { 0x0010, "DataDump"},
  TAG_TABLE_END
};

static tag_info_array tag_table_VND_OLYMPUS = {
  { 0x0200, "SpecialMode"},
  { 0x0201, "JPEGQuality"},
  { 0x0202, "Macro"},
  { 0x0204, "DigitalZoom"},
  { 0x0207, "SoftwareRelease"},
  { 0x0208, "PictureInfo"},
  { 0x0209, "CameraId"},
  { 0x0F00, "DataDump"},
  TAG_TABLE_END
};

static tag_info_array tag_table_VND_SAMSUNG = {
  { 0x0001, "Version"},
  { 0x0021, "PictureWizard"},
  { 0x0030, "LocalLocationName"},
  { 0x0031, "LocationName"},
  { 0x0035, "Preview"},
  { 0x0043, "CameraTemperature"},
  { 0xa001, "FirmwareName"},
  { 0xa003, "LensType"},
  { 0xa004, "LensFirmware"},
  { 0xa010, "SensorAreas"},
  { 0xa011, "ColorSpace"},
  { 0xa012, "SmartRange"},
  { 0xa013, "ExposureBiasValue"},
  { 0xa014, "ISO"},
  { 0xa018, "ExposureTime"},
  { 0xa019, "FNumber"},
  { 0xa01a, "FocalLengthIn35mmFormat"},
  { 0xa020, "EncryptionKey"},
  { 0xa021, "WB_RGGBLevelsUncorrected"},
  { 0xa022, "WB_RGGBLevelsAuto"},
  { 0xa023, "WB_RGGBLevelsIlluminator1"},
  { 0xa024, "WB_RGGBLevelsIlluminator2"},
  { 0xa028, "WB_RGGBLevelsBlack"},
  { 0xa030, "ColorMatrix"},
  { 0xa031, "ColorMatrixSRGB"},
  { 0xa032, "ColorMatrixAdobeRGB"},
  { 0xa040, "ToneCurve1"},
  { 0xa041, "ToneCurve2"},
  { 0xa042, "ToneCurve3"},
  { 0xa043, "ToneCurve4"},
  TAG_TABLE_END
};

static tag_info_array tag_table_VND_PANASONIC = {
  { 0x0001, "Quality"},
  { 0x0002, "FirmwareVersion"},
  { 0x0003, "WhiteBalance"},
  { 0x0007, "FocusMode"},
  { 0x000f, "AFMode"},
  { 0x001a, "ImageStabilization"},
  { 0x001c, "Macro"},
  { 0x001f, "ShootingMode"},
  { 0x0020, "Audio"},
  { 0x0021, "DataDump"},
  { 0x0023, "WhiteBalanceBias"},
  { 0x0024, "FlashBias"},
  { 0x0025, "InternalSerialNumber"},
  { 0x0026, "ExifVersion"},
  { 0x0028, "ColorEffect"},
  { 0x0029, "TimeSincePowerOn"},
  { 0x002a, "BurstMode"},
  { 0x002b, "SequenceNumber"},
  { 0x002c, "Contrast"},
  { 0x002d, "NoiseReduction"},
  { 0x002e, "SelfTimer"},
  { 0x0030, "Rotation"},
  { 0x0031, "AFAssistLamp"},
  { 0x0032, "ColorMode"},
  { 0x0033, "BabyAge1"},
  { 0x0034, "OpticalZoomMode"},
  { 0x0035, "ConversionLens"},
  { 0x0036, "TravelDay"},
  { 0x0039, "Contrast"},
  { 0x003a, "WorldTimeLocation"},
  { 0x003b, "TextStamp1"},
  { 0x003c, "ProgramISO"},
  { 0x003d, "AdvancedSceneType"},
  { 0x003e, "TextStamp2"},
  { 0x003f, "FacesDetected"},
  { 0x0040, "Saturation"},
  { 0x0041, "Sharpness"},
  { 0x0042, "FilmMode"},
  { 0x0044, "ColorTempKelvin"},
  { 0x0045, "BracketSettings"},
  { 0x0046, "WBAdjustAB"},
  { 0x0047, "WBAdjustGM"},
  { 0x0048, "FlashCurtain"},
  { 0x0049, "LongShutterNoiseReduction"},
  { 0x004b, "ImageWidth"},
  { 0x004c, "ImageHeight"},
  { 0x004d, "AFPointPosition"},
  { 0x004e, "FaceDetInfo"},
  { 0x0051, "LensType"},
  { 0x0052, "LensSerialNumber"},
  { 0x0053, "AccessoryType"},
  { 0x0054, "AccessorySerialNumber"},
  { 0x0059, "Transform1"},
  { 0x005d, "IntelligentExposure"},
  { 0x0060, "LensFirmwareVersion"},
  { 0x0061, "FaceRecInfo"},
  { 0x0062, "FlashWarning"},
  { 0x0065, "Title"},
  { 0x0066, "BabyName"},
  { 0x0067, "Location"},
  { 0x0069, "Country"},
  { 0x006b, "State"},
  { 0x006d, "City"},
  { 0x006f, "Landmark"},
  { 0x0070, "IntelligentResolution"},
  { 0x0077, "BurstSheed"},
  { 0x0079, "IntelligentDRange"},
  { 0x007c, "ClearRetouch"},
  { 0x0080, "City2"},
  { 0x0086, "ManometerPressure"},
  { 0x0089, "PhotoStyle"},
  { 0x008a, "ShadingCompensation"},
  { 0x008c, "AccelerometerZ"},
  { 0x008d, "AccelerometerX"},
  { 0x008e, "AccelerometerY"},
  { 0x008f, "CameraOrientation"},
  { 0x0090, "RollAngle"},
  { 0x0091, "PitchAngle"},
  { 0x0093, "SweepPanoramaDirection"},
  { 0x0094, "PanoramaFieldOfView"},
  { 0x0096, "TimerRecording"},
  { 0x009d, "InternalNDFilter"},
  { 0x009e, "HDR"},
  { 0x009f, "ShutterType"},
  { 0x00a3, "ClearRetouchValue"},
  { 0x00ab, "TouchAE"},
  { 0x0e00, "PrintIM"},
  { 0x8000, "MakerNoteVersion"},
  { 0x8001, "SceneMode"},
  { 0x8004, "WBRedLevel"},
  { 0x8005, "WBGreenLevel"},
  { 0x8006, "WBBlueLevel"},
  { 0x8007, "FlashFired"},
  { 0x8008, "TextStamp3"},
  { 0x8009, "TextStamp4"},
  { 0x8010, "BabyAge2"},
  { 0x8012, "Transform2"},
  TAG_TABLE_END
};

static tag_info_array tag_table_VND_DJI = {
  { 0x0001, "Make"},
  { 0x0003, "SpeedX"},
  { 0x0004, "SpeedY"},
  { 0x0005, "SpeedZ"},
  { 0x0006, "Pitch"},
  { 0x0007, "Yaw"},
  { 0x0008, "Roll"},
  { 0x0009, "CameraPitch"},
  { 0x000a, "CameraYaw"},
  { 0x000b, "CameraRoll"},
  TAG_TABLE_END
};

static tag_info_array tag_table_VND_SONY = {
  { 0x0102, "Quality"},
  { 0x0104, "FlashExposureComp"},
  { 0x0105, "Teleconverter"},
  { 0x0112, "WhiteBalanceFineTune"},
  { 0x0114, "CameraSettings"},
  { 0x0115, "WhiteBalance"},
  { 0x0116, "ExtraInfo"},
  { 0x0e00, "PrintIM"},
  { 0x1000, "MultiBurstMode"},
  { 0x1001, "MultiBurstImageWidth"},
  { 0x1002, "MultiBurstImageHeight"},
  { 0x1003, "Panorama"},
  { 0x2001, "PreviewImage"},
  { 0x2002, "Rating"},
  { 0x2004, "Contrast"},
  { 0x2005, "Saturation"},
  { 0x2006, "Sharpness"},
  { 0x2007, "Brightness"},
  { 0x2008, "LongExposureNoiseReduction"},
  { 0x2009, "HighISONoiseReduction"},
  { 0x200a, "AutoHDR"},
  { 0x3000, "ShotInfo"},
  { 0xb000, "FileFormat"},
  { 0xb001, "SonyModelID"},
  { 0xb020, "ColorReproduction"},
  { 0xb021, "ColorTemperature"},
  { 0xb022, "ColorCompensationFilter"},
  { 0xb023, "SceneMode"},
  { 0xb024, "ZoneMatching"},
  { 0xb025, "DynamicRangeOptimizer"},
  { 0xb026, "ImageStabilization"},
  { 0xb027, "LensID"},
  { 0xb028, "MinoltaMakerNote"},
  { 0xb029, "ColorMode"},
  { 0xb02b, "FullImageSize"},
  { 0xb02c, "PreviewImageSize"},
  { 0xb040, "Macro"},
  { 0xb041, "ExposureMode"},
  { 0xb042, "FocusMode"},
  { 0xb043, "AFMode"},
  { 0xb044, "AFIlluminator"},
  { 0xb047, "JPEGQuality"},
  { 0xb048, "FlashLevel"},
  { 0xb049, "ReleaseMode"},
  { 0xb04a, "SequenceNumber"},
  { 0xb04b, "AntiBlur"},
  { 0xb04e, "FocusMode"},
  { 0xb04f, "DynamicRangeOptimizer"},
  { 0xb050, "HighISONoiseReduction2"},
  { 0xb052, "IntelligentAuto"},
  { 0xb054, "WhiteBalance2"},
  TAG_TABLE_END
};

static tag_info_array tag_table_VND_PENTAX = {
  { 0x0000, "Version"},
  { 0x0001, "Mode"},
  { 0x0002, "PreviewResolution"},
  { 0x0003, "PreviewLength"},
  { 0x0004, "PreviewOffset"},
  { 0x0005, "ModelID"},
  { 0x0006, "Date"},
  { 0x0007, "Time"},
  { 0x0008, "Quality"},
  { 0x0009, "Size"},
  { 0x000c, "Flash"},
  { 0x000d, "Focus"},
  { 0x000e, "AFPoint"},
  { 0x000f, "AFPointInFocus"},
  { 0x0012, "ExposureTime"},
  { 0x0013, "FNumber"},
  { 0x0014, "ISO"},
  { 0x0016, "ExposureCompensation"},
  { 0x0017, "MeteringMode"},
  { 0x0018, "AutoBracketing"},
  { 0x0019, "WhiteBalance"},
  { 0x001a, "WhiteBalanceMode"},
  { 0x001b, "BlueBalance"},
  { 0x001c, "RedBalance"},
  { 0x001d, "FocalLength"},
  { 0x001e, "DigitalZoom"},
  { 0x001f, "Saturation"},
  { 0x0020, "Contrast"},
  { 0x0021, "Sharpness"},
  { 0x0022, "Location"},
  { 0x0023, "Hometown"},
  { 0x0024, "Destination"},
  { 0x0025, "HometownDST"},
  { 0x0026, "DestinationDST"},
  { 0x0027, "DSPFirmwareVersion"},
  { 0x0028, "CPUFirmwareVersion"},
  { 0x0029, "FrameNumber"},
  { 0x002d, "EffectiveLV"},
  { 0x0032, "ImageProcessing"},
  { 0x0033, "PictureMode"},
  { 0x0034, "DriveMode"},
  { 0x0037, "ColorSpace"},
  { 0x0038, "ImageAreaOffset"},
  { 0x0039, "RawImageSize"},
  { 0x003e, "PreviewImageBorders"},
  { 0x003f, "LensType"},
  { 0x0040, "SensitivityAdjust"},
  { 0x0041, "DigitalFilter"},
  { 0x0047, "Temperature"},
  { 0x0048, "AELock"},
  { 0x0049, "NoiseReduction"},
  { 0x004d, "FlashExposureCompensation"},
  { 0x004f, "ImageTone"},
  { 0x0050, "ColorTemperature"},
  { 0x005c, "ShakeReduction"},
  { 0x005d, "ShutterCount"},
  { 0x0069, "DynamicRangeExpansion"},
  { 0x0071, "HighISONoiseReduction"},
  { 0x0072, "AFAdjustment"},
  { 0x0200, "BlackPoint"},
  { 0x0201, "WhitePoint"},
  { 0x0205, "ShotInfo"},
  { 0x0206, "AEInfo"},
  { 0x0207, "LensInfo"},
  { 0x0208, "FlashInfo"},
  { 0x0209, "AEMeteringSegments"},
  { 0x020a, "FlashADump"},
  { 0x020b, "FlashBDump"},
  { 0x020d, "WB_RGGBLevelsDaylight"},
  { 0x020e, "WB_RGGBLevelsShade"},
  { 0x020f, "WB_RGGBLevelsCloudy"},
  { 0x0210, "WB_RGGBLevelsTungsten"},
  { 0x0211, "WB_RGGBLevelsFluorescentD"},
  { 0x0212, "WB_RGGBLevelsFluorescentN"},
  { 0x0213, "WB_RGGBLevelsFluorescentW"},
  { 0x0214, "WB_RGGBLevelsFlash"},
  { 0x0215, "CameraInfo"},
  { 0x0216, "BatteryInfo"},
  { 0x021f, "AFInfo"},
  { 0x0222, "ColorInfo"},
  { 0x0229, "SerialNumber"},
  TAG_TABLE_END
};

static tag_info_array tag_table_VND_MINOLTA = {
  { 0x0000, "Version"},
  { 0x0001, "CameraSettingsStdOld"},
  { 0x0003, "CameraSettingsStdNew"},
  { 0x0004, "CameraSettings7D"},
  { 0x0018, "ImageStabilizationData"},
  { 0x0020, "WBInfoA100"},
  { 0x0040, "CompressedImageSize"},
  { 0x0081, "Thumbnail"},
  { 0x0088, "ThumbnailOffset"},
  { 0x0089, "ThumbnailLength"},
  { 0x0100, "SceneMode"},
  { 0x0101, "ColorMode"},
  { 0x0102, "Quality"},
  { 0x0104, "FlashExposureComp"},
  { 0x0105, "Teleconverter"},
  { 0x0107, "ImageStabilization"},
  { 0x0109, "RawAndJpgRecording"},
  { 0x010a, "ZoneMatching"},
  { 0x010b, "ColorTemperature"},
  { 0x010c, "LensID"},
  { 0x0111, "ColorCompensationFilter"},
  { 0x0112, "WhiteBalanceFineTune"},
  { 0x0113, "ImageStabilizationA100"},
  { 0x0114, "CameraSettings5D"},
  { 0x0115, "WhiteBalance"},
  { 0x0e00, "PrintIM"},
  { 0x0f00, "CameraSettingsZ1"},
  TAG_TABLE_END
};

static tag_info_array tag_table_VND_SIGMA = {
  { 0x0002, "SerialNumber"},
  { 0x0003, "DriveMode"},
  { 0x0004, "ResolutionMode"},
  { 0x0005, "AutofocusMode"},
  { 0x0006, "FocusSetting"},
  { 0x0007, "WhiteBalance"},
  { 0x0008, "ExposureMode"},
  { 0x0009, "MeteringMode"},
  { 0x000a, "LensRange"},
  { 0x000b, "ColorSpace"},
  { 0x000c, "Exposure"},
  { 0x000d, "Contrast"},
  { 0x000e, "Shadow"},
  { 0x000f, "Highlight"},
  { 0x0010, "Saturation"},
  { 0x0011, "Sharpness"},
  { 0x0012, "FillLight"},
  { 0x0014, "ColorAdjustment"},
  { 0x0015, "AdjustmentMode"},
  { 0x0016, "Quality"},
  { 0x0017, "Firmware"},
  { 0x0018, "Software"},
  { 0x0019, "AutoBracket"},
  TAG_TABLE_END
};

static tag_info_array tag_table_VND_KYOCERA = {
  { 0x0001, "FormatThumbnail"},
  { 0x0E00, "PrintImageMatchingInfo"},
  TAG_TABLE_END
};

static tag_info_array tag_table_VND_RICOH = {
  { 0x0001, "MakerNoteDataType"},
  { 0x0002, "Version"},
  { 0x0E00, "PrintImageMatchingInfo"},
  { 0x2001, "RicohCameraInfoMakerNoteSubIFD"},
  TAG_TABLE_END
};

typedef enum mn_byte_order_t {
	MN_ORDER_INTEL    = 0,
	MN_ORDER_MOTOROLA = 1,
	MN_ORDER_NORMAL
} mn_byte_order_t;

typedef enum mn_offset_mode_t {
	MN_OFFSET_NORMAL,
	MN_OFFSET_MAKER
} mn_offset_mode_t;

typedef struct {
	tag_table_type   tag_table;
	char *           make;
	char *           id_string;
	int              id_string_len;
	int              offset;
	mn_byte_order_t  byte_order;
	mn_offset_mode_t offset_mode;
} maker_note_type;

/* Remember to update PHP_MINFO if updated */
static const maker_note_type maker_note_array[] = {
  { tag_table_VND_CANON,     "Canon",                   NULL,								0,  0,  MN_ORDER_INTEL,    MN_OFFSET_NORMAL},
  { tag_table_VND_CASIO,     "CASIO",                   NULL,							 	0,  0,  MN_ORDER_MOTOROLA, MN_OFFSET_NORMAL},
  { tag_table_VND_FUJI,      "FUJIFILM",                "FUJIFILM\x0C\x00\x00\x00",		 	12, 12, MN_ORDER_INTEL,    MN_OFFSET_MAKER},
  { tag_table_VND_NIKON,     "NIKON",                   "Nikon\x00\x01\x00",				8,  8,  MN_ORDER_NORMAL,   MN_OFFSET_NORMAL},
  { tag_table_VND_NIKON_990, "NIKON",                   NULL,								0,  0,  MN_ORDER_NORMAL,   MN_OFFSET_NORMAL},
  { tag_table_VND_OLYMPUS,   "OLYMPUS OPTICAL CO.,LTD", "OLYMP\x00\x01\x00",				8,  8,  MN_ORDER_NORMAL,   MN_OFFSET_NORMAL},
  { tag_table_VND_SAMSUNG,   "SAMSUNG",                 NULL,								0,  0,  MN_ORDER_NORMAL,   MN_OFFSET_NORMAL},
  { tag_table_VND_PANASONIC, "Panasonic",               "Panasonic\x00\x00\x00",			12, 12, MN_ORDER_NORMAL,   MN_OFFSET_NORMAL},
  { tag_table_VND_DJI,       "DJI",                     NULL,								0,  0,  MN_ORDER_NORMAL,   MN_OFFSET_NORMAL},
  { tag_table_VND_SONY,      "SONY",                    "SONY DSC \x00\x00\x00",			12, 12, MN_ORDER_NORMAL,   MN_OFFSET_NORMAL},
  { tag_table_VND_SONY,      "SONY",                    NULL,								0,  0,  MN_ORDER_NORMAL,   MN_OFFSET_NORMAL},
  { tag_table_VND_PENTAX,    "PENTAX",                  "AOC\x00",						 	6,  6,  MN_ORDER_NORMAL,   MN_OFFSET_NORMAL},
  { tag_table_VND_MINOLTA,   "Minolta, KONICA MINOLTA", NULL,								0,  0,  MN_ORDER_NORMAL,   MN_OFFSET_NORMAL},
  { tag_table_VND_SIGMA,     "SIGMA, FOVEON",           "SIGMA\x00\x00\x00",				10, 10, MN_ORDER_NORMAL,   MN_OFFSET_NORMAL},
  { tag_table_VND_SIGMA,     "SIGMA, FOVEON",           "FOVEON\x00\x00\x00",				10, 10, MN_ORDER_NORMAL,   MN_OFFSET_NORMAL},
  { tag_table_VND_KYOCERA,   "KYOCERA, CONTAX",			"KYOCERA            \x00\x00\x00",	22, 22, MN_ORDER_NORMAL,   MN_OFFSET_MAKER},
  { tag_table_VND_RICOH,	 "RICOH",					"Ricoh",							5,  5,  MN_ORDER_MOTOROLA, MN_OFFSET_NORMAL},
  { tag_table_VND_RICOH,     "RICOH",					"RICOH",							5,  5,  MN_ORDER_MOTOROLA, MN_OFFSET_NORMAL},

  /* These re-uses existing formats */
  { tag_table_VND_OLYMPUS,   "AGFA",					"AGFA \x00\x01",					8,  8,  MN_ORDER_NORMAL,   MN_OFFSET_NORMAL},
  { tag_table_VND_OLYMPUS,   "EPSON",					"EPSON\x00\x01\x00",				8,  8,  MN_ORDER_NORMAL,   MN_OFFSET_NORMAL}
};
/* }}} */

static HashTable *exif_make_tag_ht(tag_info_type *tag_table)
{
	HashTable *ht = malloc(sizeof(HashTable));
	zend_hash_init(ht, 0, NULL, NULL, 1);
	while (tag_table->Tag != TAG_END_OF_LIST) {
		if (!zend_hash_index_add_ptr(ht, tag_table->Tag, tag_table->Desc)) {
			zend_error(E_CORE_ERROR, "Duplicate tag %x", tag_table->Tag);
		}
		tag_table++;
	}
	return ht;
}

static void exif_tag_ht_dtor(zval *zv)
{
	HashTable *ht = Z_PTR_P(zv);
	zend_hash_destroy(ht);
	free(ht);
}

static HashTable *exif_get_tag_ht(tag_info_type *tag_table)
{
	HashTable *ht;

	if (!EXIF_G(tag_table_cache)) {
		EXIF_G(tag_table_cache) = malloc(sizeof(HashTable));
		zend_hash_init(EXIF_G(tag_table_cache), 0, NULL, exif_tag_ht_dtor, 1);
	}

	ht = zend_hash_index_find_ptr(EXIF_G(tag_table_cache), (uintptr_t) tag_table);
	if (ht) {
		return ht;
	}

	ht = exif_make_tag_ht(tag_table);
	zend_hash_index_add_new_ptr(EXIF_G(tag_table_cache), (uintptr_t) tag_table, ht);
	return ht;
}

/* {{{ exif_get_tagname
	Get headername for tag_num or NULL if not defined */
static char *exif_get_tagname(int tag_num, tag_table_type tag_table)
{
	return zend_hash_index_find_ptr(exif_get_tag_ht(tag_table), tag_num);
}
/* }}} */

static char *exif_get_tagname_debug(int tag_num, tag_table_type tag_table)
{
	char *desc = zend_hash_index_find_ptr(exif_get_tag_ht(tag_table), tag_num);
	if (desc) {
		return desc;
	}
	return "UndefinedTag";
}

static char *exif_get_tagname_key(int tag_num, char *buf, size_t buf_size, tag_table_type tag_table)
{
	char *desc = zend_hash_index_find_ptr(exif_get_tag_ht(tag_table), tag_num);
	if (desc) {
		return desc;
	}
	snprintf(buf, buf_size, "UndefinedTag:0x%04X", tag_num);
	return buf;
}

/* {{{ exif_char_dump
 * Do not use! This is a debug function... */
#ifdef EXIF_DEBUG
static unsigned char* exif_char_dump(unsigned char * addr, int len, int offset)
{
	static unsigned char buf[4096+1];
	static unsigned char tmp[20];
	int c, i, p=0, n = 5+31;

	p += slprintf(buf+p, sizeof(buf)-p, "\nDump Len: %08X (%d)", len, len);
	if (len) {
		for(i=0; i<len+15 && p+n<=sizeof(buf); i++) {
			if (i%16==0) {
				p += slprintf(buf+p, sizeof(buf)-p, "\n%08X: ", i+offset);
			}
			if (i<len) {
				c = *addr++;
				p += slprintf(buf+p, sizeof(buf)-p, "%02X ", c);
				tmp[i%16] = c>=32 ? c : '.';
				tmp[(i%16)+1] = '\0';
			} else {
				p += slprintf(buf+p, sizeof(buf)-p, "   ");
			}
			if (i%16==15) {
				p += slprintf(buf+p, sizeof(buf)-p, "    %s", tmp);
				if (i>=len) {
					break;
				}
			}
		}
	}
	buf[sizeof(buf)-1] = '\0';
	return buf;
}
#endif
/* }}} */

/* {{{ php_jpg_get16
   Get 16 bits motorola order (always) for jpeg header stuff.
*/
static int php_jpg_get16(void *value)
{
	return (((uchar *)value)[0] << 8) | ((uchar *)value)[1];
}
/* }}} */

/* {{{ php_ifd_get16u
 * Convert a 16 bit unsigned value from file's native byte order */
static int php_ifd_get16u(void *value, int motorola_intel)
{
	if (motorola_intel) {
		return (((uchar *)value)[0] << 8) | ((uchar *)value)[1];
	} else {
		return (((uchar *)value)[1] << 8) | ((uchar *)value)[0];
	}
}
/* }}} */

/* {{{ php_ifd_get16s
 * Convert a 16 bit signed value from file's native byte order */
static signed short php_ifd_get16s(void *value, int motorola_intel)
{
	return (signed short)php_ifd_get16u(value, motorola_intel);
}
/* }}} */

/* {{{ php_ifd_get32u
 * Convert a 32 bit unsigned value from file's native byte order */
static unsigned php_ifd_get32u(void *void_value, int motorola_intel)
{
	uchar *value = (uchar *) void_value;
	if (motorola_intel) {
		return  ((unsigned)value[0] << 24)
			  | ((unsigned)value[1] << 16)
			  | ((unsigned)value[2] << 8 )
			  | ((unsigned)value[3]      );
	} else {
		return  ((unsigned)value[3] << 24)
			  | ((unsigned)value[2] << 16)
			  | ((unsigned)value[1] << 8 )
			  | ((unsigned)value[0]      );
	}
}
/* }}} */

/* {{{ php_ifd_get64u
 * Convert a 64 bit unsigned value from file's native byte order */
static uint64_t php_ifd_get64u(void *void_value, int motorola_intel)
{
	uchar *value = (uchar *) void_value;
	if (motorola_intel) {
		return ((uint64_t)value[0] << 56)
			| ((uint64_t)value[1] << 48)
			| ((uint64_t)value[2] << 40)
			| ((uint64_t)value[3] << 32)
			| ((uint64_t)value[4] << 24)
			| ((uint64_t)value[5] << 16)
			| ((uint64_t)value[6] << 8 )
			| ((uint64_t)value[7]      );
	} else {
		return ((uint64_t)value[7] << 56)
			| ((uint64_t)value[6] << 48)
			| ((uint64_t)value[5] << 40)
			| ((uint64_t)value[4] << 32)
			| ((uint64_t)value[3] << 24)
			| ((uint64_t)value[2] << 16)
			| ((uint64_t)value[1] << 8 )
			| ((uint64_t)value[0]      );
	}
}
/* }}} */

/* {{{ php_ifd_get32u
 * Convert a 32 bit signed value from file's native byte order */
static unsigned php_ifd_get32s(void *value, int motorola_intel)
{
	return (int) php_ifd_get32u(value, motorola_intel);
}
/* }}} */

/* {{{ php_ifd_set16u
 * Write 16 bit unsigned value to data */
static void php_ifd_set16u(char *data, unsigned int value, int motorola_intel)
{
	if (motorola_intel) {
		data[0] = (value & 0xFF00) >> 8;
		data[1] = (value & 0x00FF);
	} else {
		data[1] = (value & 0xFF00) >> 8;
		data[0] = (value & 0x00FF);
	}
}
/* }}} */

/* {{{ php_ifd_set32u
 * Convert a 32 bit unsigned value from file's native byte order */
static void php_ifd_set32u(char *data, size_t value, int motorola_intel)
{
	if (motorola_intel) {
		data[0] = (value & 0xFF000000) >> 24;
		dat…