/d/dmd/statement.c

Large files files are truncated, but you can click here to view the full file

// Compiler implementation of the D programming language
// Copyright (c) 1999-2011 by Digital Mars
// All Rights Reserved
// written by Walter Bright
// http://www.digitalmars.com
// License for redistribution is by either the Artistic License
// in artistic.txt, or the GNU General Public License in gnu.txt.
// See the included readme.txt for details.

/* NOTE: This file has been patched from the original DMD distribution to
   work with the GDC compiler.

   Modified by Michael Parrott, September 2009
   Using David Friedman's code
*/

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <assert.h>

#include "rmem.h"

#include "statement.h"
#include "expression.h"
#include "cond.h"
#include "init.h"
#include "staticassert.h"
#include "mtype.h"
#include "scope.h"
#include "declaration.h"
#include "aggregate.h"
#include "id.h"
#include "hdrgen.h"
#include "parse.h"
#include "template.h"
#include "attrib.h"

#if _WIN32
#include <windows.h>
#define CRITSECSIZE sizeof(CRITICAL_SECTION)
#elif linux || __APPLE__ || __FreeBSD__ || __OpenBSD__ || __sun&&__SVR4
#include <pthread.h>
#define CRITSECSIZE sizeof(pthread_mutex_t)
#else
#define CRITSECSIZE 64
#endif

/******************************** Statement ***************************/

Statement::Statement(Loc loc)
    : loc(loc)
{
    // If this is an in{} contract scope statement (skip for determining
    //  inlineStatus of a function body for header content)
    incontract = 0;
}

Statement *Statement::syntaxCopy()
{
    assert(0);
    return NULL;
}

void Statement::print()
{
    fprintf(stdmsg, "%s\n", toChars());
    fflush(stdmsg);
}

char *Statement::toChars()
{   OutBuffer *buf;
    HdrGenState hgs;

    buf = new OutBuffer();
    toCBuffer(buf, &hgs);
    return buf->toChars();
}

void Statement::toCBuffer(OutBuffer *buf, HdrGenState *hgs)
{
    buf->printf("Statement::toCBuffer()");
    buf->writenl();
}

Statement *Statement::semantic(Scope *sc)
{
    return this;
}

Statement *Statement::semanticNoScope(Scope *sc)
{
    //printf("Statement::semanticNoScope() %s\n", toChars());
    Statement *s = this;
    if (!s->isCompoundStatement() && !s->isScopeStatement())
    {
        s = new CompoundStatement(loc, this);           // so scopeCode() gets called
    }
    s = s->semantic(sc);
    return s;
}

// Same as semanticNoScope(), but do create a new scope

Statement *Statement::semanticScope(Scope *sc, Statement *sbreak, Statement *scontinue)
{
    Scope *scd = sc->push();
    if (sbreak)
        scd->sbreak = sbreak;
    if (scontinue)
        scd->scontinue = scontinue;
    Statement *s = semanticNoScope(scd);
    scd->pop();
    return s;
}

void Statement::error(const char *format, ...)
{
    va_list ap;
    va_start(ap, format);
    ::verror(loc, format, ap);
    va_end( ap );
}

void Statement::warning(const char *format, ...)
{
    va_list ap;
    va_start(ap, format);
    ::vwarning(loc, format, ap);
    va_end( ap );
}

int Statement::hasBreak()
{
    //printf("Statement::hasBreak()\n");
    return FALSE;
}

int Statement::hasContinue()
{
    return FALSE;
}

// TRUE if statement uses exception handling

int Statement::usesEH()
{
    return FALSE;
}

/* Only valid after semantic analysis
 */
int Statement::blockExit(bool mustNotThrow)
{
    printf("Statement::blockExit(%p)\n", this);
    printf("%s\n", toChars());
    assert(0);
    return BEany;
}

// TRUE if statement 'comes from' somewhere else, like a goto

int Statement::comeFrom()
{
    //printf("Statement::comeFrom()\n");
    return FALSE;
}

// Return TRUE if statement has no code in it
int Statement::isEmpty()
{
    //printf("Statement::isEmpty()\n");
    return FALSE;
}

/****************************************
 * If this statement has code that needs to run in a finally clause
 * at the end of the current scope, return that code in the form of
 * a Statement.
 * Output:
 *      *sentry         code executed upon entry to the scope
 *      *sexception     code executed upon exit from the scope via exception
 *      *sfinally       code executed in finally block
 */

void Statement::scopeCode(Scope *sc, Statement **sentry, Statement **sexception, Statement **sfinally)
{
    //printf("Statement::scopeCode()\n");
    //print();
    *sentry = NULL;
    *sexception = NULL;
    *sfinally = NULL;
}

/*********************************
 * Flatten out the scope by presenting the statement
 * as an array of statements.
 * Returns NULL if no flattening necessary.
 */

Statements *Statement::flatten(Scope *sc)
{
    return NULL;
}


/******************************** PeelStatement ***************************/

PeelStatement::PeelStatement(Statement *s)
    : Statement(s->loc)
{
    this->s = s;
}

Statement *PeelStatement::semantic(Scope *sc)
{
    /* "peel" off this wrapper, and don't run semantic()
     * on the result.
     */
    return s;
}

/******************************** ExpStatement ***************************/

ExpStatement::ExpStatement(Loc loc, Expression *exp)
    : Statement(loc)
{
    this->exp = exp;
}

ExpStatement::ExpStatement(Loc loc, Dsymbol *declaration)
    : Statement(loc)
{
    this->exp = new DeclarationExp(loc, declaration);
}

Statement *ExpStatement::syntaxCopy()
{
    Expression *e = exp ? exp->syntaxCopy() : NULL;
    ExpStatement *es = new ExpStatement(loc, e);
    return es;
}

void ExpStatement::toCBuffer(OutBuffer *buf, HdrGenState *hgs)
{
    if (exp)
    {   exp->toCBuffer(buf, hgs);
        if (exp->op != TOKdeclaration)
        {   buf->writeByte(';');
            if (!hgs->FLinit.init)
                buf->writenl();
        }
    }
    else
    {
        buf->writeByte(';');
        if (!hgs->FLinit.init)
            buf->writenl();
    }
}

Statement *ExpStatement::semantic(Scope *sc)
{
    if (exp)
    {
        //printf("ExpStatement::semantic() %s\n", exp->toChars());
        exp = exp->semantic(sc);
        exp = resolveProperties(sc, exp);
        exp->checkSideEffect(0);
        exp = exp->optimize(0);
    }
    return this;
}

int ExpStatement::blockExit(bool mustNotThrow)
{   int result = BEfallthru;

    if (exp)
    {
        if (exp->op == TOKhalt)
            return BEhalt;
        if (exp->op == TOKassert)
        {   AssertExp *a = (AssertExp *)exp;

            if (a->e1->isBool(FALSE))   // if it's an assert(0)
                return BEhalt;
        }
        if (exp->canThrow())
            result |= BEthrow;
    }
    return result;
}

int ExpStatement::isEmpty()
{
    return exp == NULL;
}

void ExpStatement::scopeCode(Scope *sc, Statement **sentry, Statement **sexception, Statement **sfinally)
{
    //printf("ExpStatement::scopeCode()\n");
    //print();

    *sentry = NULL;
    *sexception = NULL;
    *sfinally = NULL;

    if (exp)
    {
        if (exp->op == TOKdeclaration)
        {
            DeclarationExp *de = (DeclarationExp *)(exp);
            VarDeclaration *v = de->declaration->isVarDeclaration();
            if (v)
            {   Expression *e;

                e = v->callScopeDtor(sc);
                if (e)
                {
                    //printf("dtor is: "); e->print();
#if 0
                    if (v->type->toBasetype()->ty == Tstruct)
                    {   /* Need a 'gate' to turn on/off destruction,
                         * in case v gets moved elsewhere.
                         */
                        Identifier *id = Lexer::uniqueId("__runDtor");
                        ExpInitializer *ie = new ExpInitializer(loc, new IntegerExp(1));
                        VarDeclaration *rd = new VarDeclaration(loc, Type::tint32, id, ie);
                        *sentry = new ExpStatement(loc, rd);
                        v->rundtor = rd;

                        /* Rewrite e as:
                         *  rundtor && e
                         */
                        Expression *ve = new VarExp(loc, v->rundtor);
                        e = new AndAndExp(loc, ve, e);
                        e->type = Type::tbool;
                    }
#endif
                    *sfinally = new ExpStatement(loc, e);
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

/******************************** CompileStatement ***************************/

CompileStatement::CompileStatement(Loc loc, Expression *exp)
    : Statement(loc)
{
    this->exp = exp;
}

Statement *CompileStatement::syntaxCopy()
{
    Expression *e = exp->syntaxCopy();
    CompileStatement *es = new CompileStatement(loc, e);
    return es;
}

void CompileStatement::toCBuffer(OutBuffer *buf, HdrGenState *hgs)
{
    buf->writestring("mixin(");
    exp->toCBuffer(buf, hgs);
    buf->writestring(");");
    if (!hgs->FLinit.init)
        buf->writenl();
}

Statements *CompileStatement::flatten(Scope *sc)
{
    //printf("CompileStatement::flatten() %s\n", exp->toChars());
    exp = exp->semantic(sc);
    exp = resolveProperties(sc, exp);
    exp = exp->optimize(WANTvalue | WANTinterpret);
    if (exp->op == TOKerror)
        return NULL;
    StringExp *se = exp->toString();
    if (!se)
    {   error("argument to mixin must be a string, not (%s)", exp->toChars());
        return NULL;
    }
    se = se->toUTF8(sc);
    Parser p(sc->module, (unsigned char *)se->string, se->len, 0);
    p.loc = loc;
    p.nextToken();

    Statements *a = new Statements();
    while (p.token.value != TOKeof)
    {
        Statement *s = p.parseStatement(PSsemi | PScurlyscope);
        if (s)                  // if no parsing errors
            a->push(s);
    }
    return a;
}

Statement *CompileStatement::semantic(Scope *sc)
{
    //printf("CompileStatement::semantic() %s\n", exp->toChars());
    Statements *a = flatten(sc);
    if (!a)
        return NULL;
    Statement *s = new CompoundStatement(loc, a);
    return s->semantic(sc);
}


/******************************** CompoundStatement ***************************/

CompoundStatement::CompoundStatement(Loc loc, Statements *s)
    : Statement(loc)
{
    statements = s;
}

CompoundStatement::CompoundStatement(Loc loc, Statement *s1, Statement *s2)
    : Statement(loc)
{
    statements = new Statements();
    statements->reserve(2);
    statements->push(s1);
    statements->push(s2);
}

CompoundStatement::CompoundStatement(Loc loc, Statement *s1)
    : Statement(loc)
{
    statements = new Statements();
    statements->push(s1);
}

Statement *CompoundStatement::syntaxCopy()
{
    Statements *a = new Statements();
    a->setDim(statements->dim);
    for (size_t i = 0; i < statements->dim; i++)
    {   Statement *s = (Statement *)statements->data[i];
        if (s)
            s = s->syntaxCopy();
        a->data[i] = s;
    }
    CompoundStatement *cs = new CompoundStatement(loc, a);
    return cs;
}


Statement *CompoundStatement::semantic(Scope *sc)
{   Statement *s;

    //printf("CompoundStatement::semantic(this = %p, sc = %p)\n", this, sc);

    for (size_t i = 0; i < statements->dim; )
    {
        s = (Statement *) statements->data[i];
        if (s)
        {   Statements *a = s->flatten(sc);

            if (a)
            {
                statements->remove(i);
                statements->insert(i, a);
                continue;
            }
            s = s->semantic(sc);
            statements->data[i] = s;
            if (s)
            {
                Statement *sentry;
                Statement *sexception;
                Statement *sfinally;

                s->scopeCode(sc, &sentry, &sexception, &sfinally);
                if (sentry)
                {
                    sentry = sentry->semantic(sc);
                    statements->data[i] = sentry;
                }
                if (sexception)
                {
                    if (i + 1 == statements->dim && !sfinally)
                    {
#if 1
                        sexception = sexception->semantic(sc);
#else
                        statements->push(sexception);
                        if (sfinally)
                            // Assume sexception does not throw
                            statements->push(sfinally);
#endif
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        /* Rewrite:
                         *      s; s1; s2;
                         * As:
                         *      s;
                         *      try { s1; s2; }
                         *      catch (Object __o)
                         *      { sexception; throw __o; }
                         */
                        Statement *body;
                        Statements *a = new Statements();

                        for (size_t j = i + 1; j < statements->dim; j++)
                        {
                            a->push((*statements)[j]);
                        }
                        body = new CompoundStatement(0, a);
                        body = new ScopeStatement(0, body);

                        Identifier *id = Lexer::uniqueId("__o");

                        Statement *handler = new ThrowStatement(0, new IdentifierExp(0, id));
                        handler = new CompoundStatement(0, sexception, handler);

                        Array *catches = new Array();
                        Catch *ctch = new Catch(0, NULL, id, handler);
                        catches->push(ctch);
                        s = new TryCatchStatement(0, body, catches);

                        if (sfinally)
                            s = new TryFinallyStatement(0, s, sfinally);
                        s = s->semantic(sc);
                        statements->setDim(i + 1);
                        statements->push(s);
                        break;
                    }
                }
                else if (sfinally)
                {
                    if (0 && i + 1 == statements->dim)
                    {
                        statements->push(sfinally);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        /* Rewrite:
                         *      s; s1; s2;
                         * As:
                         *      s; try { s1; s2; } finally { sfinally; }
                         */
                        Statement *body;
                        Statements *a = new Statements();

                        for (size_t j = i + 1; j < statements->dim; j++)
                        {
                            a->push((*statements)[j]);
                        }
                        body = new CompoundStatement(0, a);
                        s = new TryFinallyStatement(0, body, sfinally);
                        s = s->semantic(sc);
                        statements->setDim(i + 1);
                        statements->push(s);
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        i++;
    }
    if (statements->dim == 1)
    {
        return (*statements)[0];
    }
    return this;
}

Statements *CompoundStatement::flatten(Scope *sc)
{
    return statements;
}

ReturnStatement *CompoundStatement::isReturnStatement()
{
    ReturnStatement *rs = NULL;

    for (size_t i = 0; i < statements->dim; i++)
    {   Statement *s = (*statements)[i];
        if (s)
        {
            rs = s->isReturnStatement();
            if (rs)
                break;
        }
    }
    return rs;
}

void CompoundStatement::toCBuffer(OutBuffer *buf, HdrGenState *hgs)
{
    for (size_t i = 0; i < statements->dim; i++)
    {   Statement *s = (Statement *) statements->data[i];
        if (s)
            s->toCBuffer(buf, hgs);
    }
}

int CompoundStatement::usesEH()
{
    for (size_t i = 0; i < statements->dim; i++)
    {   Statement *s = (Statement *) statements->data[i];
        if (s && s->usesEH())
            return TRUE;
    }
    return FALSE;
}

int CompoundStatement::blockExit(bool mustNotThrow)
{
    //printf("CompoundStatement::blockExit(%p) %d\n", this, statements->dim);
    int result = BEfallthru;
    for (size_t i = 0; i < statements->dim; i++)
    {   Statement *s = (Statement *) statements->data[i];
        if (s)
        {
//printf("result = x%x\n", result);
//printf("%s\n", s->toChars());
            if (!(result & BEfallthru) && !s->comeFrom())
            {
                if (s->blockExit(mustNotThrow) != BEhalt && !s->isEmpty())
                    s->warning("statement is not reachable");
            }
            else
            {
                result &= ~BEfallthru;
                result |= s->blockExit(mustNotThrow);
            }
        }
    }
    return result;
}

int CompoundStatement::comeFrom()
{   int comefrom = FALSE;

    //printf("CompoundStatement::comeFrom()\n");
    for (size_t i = 0; i < statements->dim; i++)
    {   Statement *s = (Statement *)statements->data[i];

        if (!s)
            continue;

        comefrom |= s->comeFrom();
    }
    return comefrom;
}

int CompoundStatement::isEmpty()
{
    for (size_t i = 0; i < statements->dim; i++)
    {   Statement *s = (Statement *) statements->data[i];
        if (s && !s->isEmpty())
            return FALSE;
    }
    return TRUE;
}


/******************************** CompoundDeclarationStatement ***************************/

CompoundDeclarationStatement::CompoundDeclarationStatement(Loc loc, Statements *s)
    : CompoundStatement(loc, s)
{
    statements = s;
}

Statement *CompoundDeclarationStatement::syntaxCopy()
{
    Statements *a = new Statements();
    a->setDim(statements->dim);
    for (size_t i = 0; i < statements->dim; i++)
    {   Statement *s = (Statement *)statements->data[i];
        if (s)
            s = s->syntaxCopy();
        a->data[i] = s;
    }
    CompoundDeclarationStatement *cs = new CompoundDeclarationStatement(loc, a);
    return cs;
}

void CompoundDeclarationStatement::toCBuffer(OutBuffer *buf, HdrGenState *hgs)
{
    int nwritten = 0;
    for (size_t i = 0; i < statements->dim; i++)
    {   Statement *s = (Statement *) statements->data[i];
        ExpStatement *ds;
        if (s &&
            (ds = s->isExpStatement()) != NULL &&
            ds->exp->op == TOKdeclaration)
        {
            DeclarationExp *de = (DeclarationExp *)ds->exp;
            assert(de->op == TOKdeclaration);
            Declaration *d = de->declaration->isDeclaration();
            assert(d);
            VarDeclaration *v = d->isVarDeclaration();
            if (v)
            {
                /* This essentially copies the part of VarDeclaration::toCBuffer()
                 * that does not print the type.
                 * Should refactor this.
                 */
                if (nwritten)
                {
                    buf->writeByte(',');
                    buf->writestring(v->ident->toChars());
                }
                else
                {
                    StorageClassDeclaration::stcToCBuffer(buf, v->storage_class);
                    if (v->type)
                        v->type->toCBuffer(buf, v->ident, hgs);
                    else
                        buf->writestring(v->ident->toChars());
                }

                if (v->init)
                {   buf->writestring(" = ");
#if DMDV2
                    ExpInitializer *ie = v->init->isExpInitializer();
                    if (ie && (ie->exp->op == TOKconstruct || ie->exp->op == TOKblit))
                        ((AssignExp *)ie->exp)->e2->toCBuffer(buf, hgs);
                    else
#endif
                        v->init->toCBuffer(buf, hgs);
                }
            }
            else
                d->toCBuffer(buf, hgs);
            nwritten++;
        }
    }
    buf->writeByte(';');
    if (!hgs->FLinit.init)
        buf->writenl();
}

/**************************** UnrolledLoopStatement ***************************/

UnrolledLoopStatement::UnrolledLoopStatement(Loc loc, Statements *s)
    : Statement(loc)
{
    statements = s;
}

Statement *UnrolledLoopStatement::syntaxCopy()
{
    Statements *a = new Statements();
    a->setDim(statements->dim);
    for (size_t i = 0; i < statements->dim; i++)
    {   Statement *s = (Statement *)statements->data[i];
        if (s)
            s = s->syntaxCopy();
        a->data[i] = s;
    }
    UnrolledLoopStatement *cs = new UnrolledLoopStatement(loc, a);
    return cs;
}


Statement *UnrolledLoopStatement::semantic(Scope *sc)
{
    //printf("UnrolledLoopStatement::semantic(this = %p, sc = %p)\n", this, sc);

    sc->noctor++;
    Scope *scd = sc->push();
    scd->sbreak = this;
    scd->scontinue = this;

    for (size_t i = 0; i < statements->dim; i++)
    {
        Statement *s = (Statement *) statements->data[i];
        if (s)
        {
            //printf("[%d]: %s\n", i, s->toChars());
            s = s->semantic(scd);
            statements->data[i] = s;
        }
    }

    scd->pop();
    sc->noctor--;
    return this;
}

void UnrolledLoopStatement::toCBuffer(OutBuffer *buf, HdrGenState *hgs)
{
    buf->writestring("unrolled {");
    buf->writenl();

    for (size_t i = 0; i < statements->dim; i++)
    {   Statement *s;

        s = (Statement *) statements->data[i];
        if (s)
            s->toCBuffer(buf, hgs);
    }

    buf->writeByte('}');
    buf->writenl();
}

int UnrolledLoopStatement::hasBreak()
{
    return TRUE;
}

int UnrolledLoopStatement::hasContinue()
{
    return TRUE;
}

int UnrolledLoopStatement::usesEH()
{
    for (size_t i = 0; i < statements->dim; i++)
    {   Statement *s = (Statement *) statements->data[i];
        if (s && s->usesEH())
            return TRUE;
    }
    return FALSE;
}

int UnrolledLoopStatement::blockExit(bool mustNotThrow)
{
    int result = BEfallthru;
    for (size_t i = 0; i < statements->dim; i++)
    {   Statement *s = (Statement *) statements->data[i];
        if (s)
        {
            int r = s->blockExit(mustNotThrow);
            result |= r & ~(BEbreak | BEcontinue);
        }
    }
    return result;
}


int UnrolledLoopStatement::comeFrom()
{   int comefrom = FALSE;

    //printf("UnrolledLoopStatement::comeFrom()\n");
    for (size_t i = 0; i < statements->dim; i++)
    {   Statement *s = (Statement *)statements->data[i];

        if (!s)
            continue;

        comefrom |= s->comeFrom();
    }
    return comefrom;
}


/******************************** ScopeStatement ***************************/

ScopeStatement::ScopeStatement(Loc loc, Statement *s)
    : Statement(loc)
{
    this->statement = s;
}

Statement *ScopeStatement::syntaxCopy()
{
    Statement *s;

    s = statement ? statement->syntaxCopy() : NULL;
    s = new ScopeStatement(loc, s);
    return s;
}


Statement *ScopeStatement::semantic(Scope *sc)
{   ScopeDsymbol *sym;

    //printf("ScopeStatement::semantic(sc = %p)\n", sc);
    if (statement)
    {   Statements *a;

        sym = new ScopeDsymbol();
        sym->parent = sc->scopesym;
        sc = sc->push(sym);

        a = statement->flatten(sc);
        if (a)
        {
            statement = new CompoundStatement(loc, a);
        }

        statement = statement->semantic(sc);
        if (statement)
        {
            Statement *sentry;
            Statement *sexception;
            Statement *sfinally;

            statement->scopeCode(sc, &sentry, &sexception, &sfinally);
            if (sfinally)
            {
                //printf("adding sfinally\n");
                sfinally = sfinally->semantic(sc);
                statement = new CompoundStatement(loc, statement, sfinally);
            }
        }

        sc->pop();
    }
    return this;
}

int ScopeStatement::hasBreak()
{
    //printf("ScopeStatement::hasBreak() %s\n", toChars());
    return statement ? statement->hasBreak() : FALSE;
}

int ScopeStatement::hasContinue()
{
    return statement ? statement->hasContinue() : FALSE;
}

int ScopeStatement::usesEH()
{
    return statement ? statement->usesEH() : FALSE;
}

int ScopeStatement::blockExit(bool mustNotThrow)
{
    //printf("ScopeStatement::blockExit(%p)\n", statement);
    return statement ? statement->blockExit(mustNotThrow) : BEfallthru;
}


int ScopeStatement::comeFrom()
{
    //printf("ScopeStatement::comeFrom()\n");
    return statement ? statement->comeFrom() : FALSE;
}

int ScopeStatement::isEmpty()
{
    //printf("ScopeStatement::isEmpty() %d\n", statement ? statement->isEmpty() : TRUE);
    return statement ? statement->isEmpty() : TRUE;
}

void ScopeStatement::toCBuffer(OutBuffer *buf, HdrGenState *hgs)
{
    buf->writeByte('{');
    buf->writenl();

    if (statement)
        statement->toCBuffer(buf, hgs);

    buf->writeByte('}');
    buf->writenl();
}

/******************************** WhileStatement ***************************/

WhileStatement::WhileStatement(Loc loc, Expression *c, Statement *b)
    : Statement(loc)
{
    condition = c;
    body = b;
}

Statement *WhileStatement::syntaxCopy()
{
    WhileStatement *s = new WhileStatement(loc, condition->syntaxCopy(), body ? body->syntaxCopy() : NULL);
    return s;
}


Statement *WhileStatement::semantic(Scope *sc)
{
    /* Rewrite as a for(;condition;) loop
     */

    Statement *s = new ForStatement(loc, NULL, condition, NULL, body);
    s = s->semantic(sc);
    return s;
}

int WhileStatement::hasBreak()
{
    return TRUE;
}

int WhileStatement::hasContinue()
{
    return TRUE;
}

int WhileStatement::usesEH()
{
    assert(0);
    return body ? body->usesEH() : 0;
}

int WhileStatement::blockExit(bool mustNotThrow)
{
    assert(0);
    //printf("WhileStatement::blockExit(%p)\n", this);

    int result = BEnone;
    if (condition->canThrow())
        result |= BEthrow;
    if (condition->isBool(TRUE))
    {
        if (body)
        {   result |= body->blockExit(mustNotThrow);
            if (result & BEbreak)
                result |= BEfallthru;
        }
    }
    else if (condition->isBool(FALSE))
    {
        result |= BEfallthru;
    }
    else
    {
        if (body)
            result |= body->blockExit(mustNotThrow);
        result |= BEfallthru;
    }
    result &= ~(BEbreak | BEcontinue);
    return result;
}


int WhileStatement::comeFrom()
{
    assert(0);
    if (body)
        return body->comeFrom();
    return FALSE;
}

void WhileStatement::toCBuffer(OutBuffer *buf, HdrGenState *hgs)
{
    buf->writestring("while (");
    condition->toCBuffer(buf, hgs);
    buf->writebyte(')');
    buf->writenl();
    if (body)
        body->toCBuffer(buf, hgs);
}

/******************************** DoStatement ***************************/

DoStatement::DoStatement(Loc loc, Statement *b, Expression *c)
    : Statement(loc)
{
    body = b;
    condition = c;
}

Statement *DoStatement::syntaxCopy()
{
    DoStatement *s = new DoStatement(loc, body ? body->syntaxCopy() : NULL, condition->syntaxCopy());
    return s;
}


Statement *DoStatement::semantic(Scope *sc)
{
    sc->noctor++;
    if (body)
        body = body->semanticScope(sc, this, this);
    sc->noctor--;
    condition = condition->semantic(sc);
    condition = resolveProperties(sc, condition);
    condition = condition->optimize(WANTvalue);

    condition = condition->checkToBoolean();

    return this;
}

int DoStatement::hasBreak()
{
    return TRUE;
}

int DoStatement::hasContinue()
{
    return TRUE;
}

int DoStatement::usesEH()
{
    return body ? body->usesEH() : 0;
}

int DoStatement::blockExit(bool mustNotThrow)
{   int result;

    if (body)
    {   result = body->blockExit(mustNotThrow);
        if (result == BEbreak)
            return BEfallthru;
        if (result & BEcontinue)
            result |= BEfallthru;
    }
    else
        result = BEfallthru;
    if (result & BEfallthru)
    {
        if (condition->canThrow())
            result |= BEthrow;
        if (!(result & BEbreak) && condition->isBool(TRUE))
            result &= ~BEfallthru;
    }
    result &= ~(BEbreak | BEcontinue);
    return result;
}


int DoStatement::comeFrom()
{
    if (body)
        return body->comeFrom();
    return FALSE;
}

void DoStatement::toCBuffer(OutBuffer *buf, HdrGenState *hgs)
{
    buf->writestring("do");
    buf->writenl();
    if (body)
        body->toCBuffer(buf, hgs);
    buf->writestring("while (");
    condition->toCBuffer(buf, hgs);
    buf->writebyte(')');
}

/******************************** ForStatement ***************************/

ForStatement::ForStatement(Loc loc, Statement *init, Expression *condition, Expression *increment, Statement *body)
    : Statement(loc)
{
    this->init = init;
    this->condition = condition;
    this->increment = increment;
    this->body = body;
}

Statement *ForStatement::syntaxCopy()
{
    Statement *i = NULL;
    if (init)
        i = init->syntaxCopy();
    Expression *c = NULL;
    if (condition)
        c = condition->syntaxCopy();
    Expression *inc = NULL;
    if (increment)
        inc = increment->syntaxCopy();
    ForStatement *s = new ForStatement(loc, i, c, inc, body->syntaxCopy());
    return s;
}

Statement *ForStatement::semantic(Scope *sc)
{
    ScopeDsymbol *sym = new ScopeDsymbol();
    sym->parent = sc->scopesym;
    sc = sc->push(sym);
    if (init)
        init = init->semantic(sc);
#if 0
    if (!condition)
        // Use a default value
        condition = new IntegerExp(loc, 1, Type::tboolean);
#endif
    sc->noctor++;
    if (condition)
    {
        condition = condition->semantic(sc);
        condition = resolveProperties(sc, condition);
        condition = condition->optimize(WANTvalue);
        condition = condition->checkToBoolean();
    }
    if (increment)
    {   increment = increment->semantic(sc);
        increment = resolveProperties(sc, increment);
        increment = increment->optimize(0);
    }

    sc->sbreak = this;
    sc->scontinue = this;
    if (body)
        body = body->semanticNoScope(sc);
    sc->noctor--;

    sc->pop();
    return this;
}

void ForStatement::scopeCode(Scope *sc, Statement **sentry, Statement **sexception, Statement **sfinally)
{
    //printf("ForStatement::scopeCode()\n");
    //print();
    if (init)
        init->scopeCode(sc, sentry, sexception, sfinally);
    else
        Statement::scopeCode(sc, sentry, sexception, sfinally);
}

int ForStatement::hasBreak()
{
    //printf("ForStatement::hasBreak()\n");
    return TRUE;
}

int ForStatement::hasContinue()
{
    return TRUE;
}

int ForStatement::usesEH()
{
    return (init && init->usesEH()) || body->usesEH();
}

int ForStatement::blockExit(bool mustNotThrow)
{   int result = BEfallthru;

    if (init)
    {   result = init->blockExit(mustNotThrow);
        if (!(result & BEfallthru))
            return result;
    }
    if (condition)
    {   if (condition->canThrow())
            result |= BEthrow;
        if (condition->isBool(TRUE))
            result &= ~BEfallthru;
        else if (condition->isBool(FALSE))
            return result;
    }
    else
        result &= ~BEfallthru;  // the body must do the exiting
    if (body)
    {   int r = body->blockExit(mustNotThrow);
        if (r & (BEbreak | BEgoto))
            result |= BEfallthru;
        result |= r & ~(BEfallthru | BEbreak | BEcontinue);
    }
    if (increment && increment->canThrow())
        result |= BEthrow;
    return result;
}


int ForStatement::comeFrom()
{
    //printf("ForStatement::comeFrom()\n");
    if (body)
    {   int result = body->comeFrom();
        //printf("result = %d\n", result);
        return result;
    }
    return FALSE;
}

void ForStatement::toCBuffer(OutBuffer *buf, HdrGenState *hgs)
{
    buf->writestring("for (");
    if (init)
    {
        hgs->FLinit.init++;
        init->toCBuffer(buf, hgs);
        hgs->FLinit.init--;
    }
    else
        buf->writebyte(';');
    if (condition)
    {   buf->writebyte(' ');
        condition->toCBuffer(buf, hgs);
    }
    buf->writebyte(';');
    if (increment)
    {   buf->writebyte(' ');
        increment->toCBuffer(buf, hgs);
    }
    buf->writebyte(')');
    buf->writenl();
    buf->writebyte('{');
    buf->writenl();
    body->toCBuffer(buf, hgs);
    buf->writebyte('}');
    buf->writenl();
}

/******************************** ForeachStatement ***************************/

ForeachStatement::ForeachStatement(Loc loc, enum TOK op, Parameters *arguments,
        Expression *aggr, Statement *body)
    : Statement(loc)
{
    this->op = op;
    this->arguments = arguments;
    this->aggr = aggr;
    this->body = body;

    this->key = NULL;
    this->value = NULL;

    this->func = NULL;

    this->cases = NULL;
    this->gotos = NULL;
}

Statement *ForeachStatement::syntaxCopy()
{
    //printf("ForeachStatement::syntaxCopy()\n");
    Parameters *args = Parameter::arraySyntaxCopy(arguments);
    Expression *exp = aggr->syntaxCopy();
    ForeachStatement *s = new ForeachStatement(loc, op, args, exp,
        body ? body->syntaxCopy() : NULL);
    return s;
}

Statement *ForeachStatement::semantic(Scope *sc)
{
    //printf("ForeachStatement::semantic() %p\n", this);
    ScopeDsymbol *sym;
    Statement *s = this;
    size_t dim = arguments->dim;
    TypeAArray *taa = NULL;

    Type *tn = NULL;
    Type *tnv = NULL;

    func = sc->func;
    if (func->fes)
        func = func->fes->func;

    aggr = aggr->semantic(sc);
    aggr = resolveProperties(sc, aggr);
    aggr = aggr->optimize(WANTvalue);
    if (!aggr->type)
    {
        error("invalid foreach aggregate %s", aggr->toChars());
        return this;
    }

    inferApplyArgTypes(op, arguments, aggr);

    /* Check for inference errors
     */
    if (dim != arguments->dim)
    {
        //printf("dim = %d, arguments->dim = %d\n", dim, arguments->dim);
        error("cannot uniquely infer foreach argument types");
        return this;
    }

    Type *tab = aggr->type->toBasetype();

    if (tab->ty == Ttuple)      // don't generate new scope for tuple loops
    {
        if (dim < 1 || dim > 2)
        {
            error("only one (value) or two (key,value) arguments for tuple foreach");
            return s;
        }

        TypeTuple *tuple = (TypeTuple *)tab;
        Statements *statements = new Statements();
        //printf("aggr: op = %d, %s\n", aggr->op, aggr->toChars());
        size_t n;
        TupleExp *te = NULL;
        if (aggr->op == TOKtuple)       // expression tuple
        {   te = (TupleExp *)aggr;
            n = te->exps->dim;
        }
        else if (aggr->op == TOKtype)   // type tuple
        {
            n = Parameter::dim(tuple->arguments);
        }
        else
            assert(0);
        for (size_t j = 0; j < n; j++)
        {   size_t k = (op == TOKforeach) ? j : n - 1 - j;
            Expression *e;
            Type *t;
            if (te)
                e = te->exps->tdata()[k];
            else
                t = Parameter::getNth(tuple->arguments, k)->type;
            Parameter *arg = arguments->tdata()[0];
            Statements *st = new Statements();

            if (dim == 2)
            {   // Declare key
                if (arg->storageClass & (STCout | STCref | STClazy))
                    error("no storage class for key %s", arg->ident->toChars());
                arg->type = arg->type->semantic(loc, sc);
                TY keyty = arg->type->ty;
                if (keyty != Tint32 && keyty != Tuns32)
                {
                    if (global.params.is64bit)
                    {
                        if (keyty != Tint64 && keyty != Tuns64)
                            error("foreach: key type must be int or uint, long or ulong, not %s", arg->type->toChars());
                    }
                    else
                        error("foreach: key type must be int or uint, not %s", arg->type->toChars());
                }
                Initializer *ie = new ExpInitializer(0, new IntegerExp(k));
                VarDeclaration *var = new VarDeclaration(loc, arg->type, arg->ident, ie);
                var->storage_class |= STCconst;
                DeclarationExp *de = new DeclarationExp(loc, var);
                st->push(new ExpStatement(loc, de));
                arg = (*arguments)[1];  // value
            }
            // Declare value
            if (arg->storageClass & (STCout | STCref | STClazy))
                error("no storage class for value %s", arg->ident->toChars());
            Dsymbol *var;
            if (te)
            {   Type *tb = e->type->toBasetype();
                Dsymbol *s = NULL;
                if ((tb->ty == Tfunction || tb->ty == Tsarray) && e->op == TOKvar)
                    s = ((VarExp *)e)->var;
                else if (e->op == TOKtemplate)
                    s =((TemplateExp *)e)->td;
                else if (e->op == TOKimport)
                    s =((ScopeExp *)e)->sds;

                if (s)
                    var = new AliasDeclaration(loc, arg->ident, s);
                else
                {
                    arg->type = e->type;
                    Initializer *ie = new ExpInitializer(0, e);
                    VarDeclaration *v = new VarDeclaration(loc, arg->type, arg->ident, ie);
                    if (e->isConst() || e->op == TOKstring)
                        v->storage_class |= STCconst;
                    var = v;
                }
            }
            else
            {
                var = new AliasDeclaration(loc, arg->ident, t);
            }
            DeclarationExp *de = new DeclarationExp(loc, var);
            st->push(new ExpStatement(loc, de));

            st->push(body->syntaxCopy());
            s = new CompoundStatement(loc, st);
            s = new ScopeStatement(loc, s);
            statements->push(s);
        }

        s = new UnrolledLoopStatement(loc, statements);
        s = s->semantic(sc);
        return s;
    }

    for (size_t i = 0; i < dim; i++)
    {   Parameter *arg = (Parameter *)arguments->data[i];
        if (!arg->type)
        {
            error("cannot infer type for %s", arg->ident->toChars());
            return this;
        }
    }

    sym = new ScopeDsymbol();
    sym->parent = sc->scopesym;
    sc = sc->push(sym);

    sc->noctor++;

    switch (tab->ty)
    {
        case Tarray:
        case Tsarray:
            if (dim < 1 || dim > 2)
            {
                error("only one or two arguments for array foreach");
                break;
            }

            /* Look for special case of parsing char types out of char type
             * array.
             */
            tn = tab->nextOf()->toBasetype();
            if (tn->ty == Tchar || tn->ty == Twchar || tn->ty == Tdchar)
            {   Parameter *arg;

                int i = (dim == 1) ? 0 : 1;     // index of value
                arg = (Parameter *)arguments->data[i];
                arg->type = arg->type->semantic(loc, sc);
                tnv = arg->type->toBasetype();
                if (tnv->ty != tn->ty &&
                    (tnv->ty == Tchar || tnv->ty == Twchar || tnv->ty == Tdchar))
                {
                    if (arg->storageClass & STCref)
                        error("foreach: value of UTF conversion cannot be ref");
                    if (dim == 2)
                    {   arg = (Parameter *)arguments->data[0];
                        if (arg->storageClass & STCref)
                            error("foreach: key cannot be ref");
                    }
                    goto Lapply;
                }
            }

            for (size_t i = 0; i < dim; i++)
            {   // Declare args
                Parameter *arg = (Parameter *)arguments->data[i];
                Type *argtype = arg->type->semantic(loc, sc);
                VarDeclaration *var;

                var = new VarDeclaration(loc, argtype, arg->ident, NULL);
                var->storage_class |= STCforeach;
                var->storage_class |= arg->storageClass & (STCin | STCout | STCref);

                if (dim == 2 && i == 0)
                    key = var;
                else
                    value = var;
#if 0
                DeclarationExp *de = new DeclarationExp(loc, var);
                de->semantic(sc);
#endif
            }

#if 1
        {
             /* Convert to a ForStatement
              *   foreach (key, value; a) body =>
              *   for (T[] tmp = a[], size_t key; key < tmp.length; ++key)
              *   { T value = tmp[k]; body }
              *
              *   foreach_reverse (key, value; a) body =>
              *   for (T[] tmp = a[], size_t key = tmp.length; key--; )
              *   { T value = tmp[k]; body }
              */
            Identifier *id = Lexer::uniqueId("__aggr");
            ExpInitializer *ie = new ExpInitializer(loc, new SliceExp(loc, aggr, NULL, NULL));
            VarDeclaration *tmp = new VarDeclaration(loc, tab->nextOf()->arrayOf(), id, ie);

            Expression *tmp_length = new DotIdExp(loc, new VarExp(loc, tmp), Id::length);

            if (!key)
            {
                Identifier *idkey = Lexer::uniqueId("__key");
                key = new VarDeclaration(loc, Type::tsize_t, idkey, NULL);
            }
            if (op == TOKforeach_reverse)
                key->init = new ExpInitializer(loc, tmp_length);
            else
                key->init = new ExpInitializer(loc, new IntegerExp(0));

            Statements *cs = new Statements();
            cs->push(new ExpStatement(loc, tmp));
            cs->push(new ExpStatement(loc, key));
            Statement *forinit = new CompoundDeclarationStatement(loc, cs);

            Expression *cond;
            if (op == TOKforeach_reverse)
                // key--
                cond = new PostExp(TOKminusminus, loc, new VarExp(loc, key));
            else
                // key < tmp.length
                cond = new CmpExp(TOKlt, loc, new VarExp(loc, key), tmp_length);

            Expression *increment = NULL;
            if (op == TOKforeach)
                // key += 1
                increment = new AddAssignExp(loc, new VarExp(loc, key), new IntegerExp(1));

            // T value = tmp[key];
            value->init = new ExpInitializer(loc, new IndexExp(loc, new VarExp(loc, tmp), new VarExp(loc, key)));
            Statement *ds = new ExpStatement(loc, value);

            body = new CompoundStatement(loc, ds, body);

            ForStatement *fs = new ForStatement(loc, forinit, cond, increment, body);
            s = fs->semantic(sc);
            break;
        }
#else
            if (!value->type->equals(tab->next))
            {
                if (aggr->op == TOKstring)
                    aggr = aggr->implicitCastTo(sc, value->type->arrayOf());
                else
                    error("foreach: %s is not an array of %s",
                        tab->toChars(), value->type->toChars());
            }

            if (key)
            {
                if (key->type->ty != Tint32 && key->type->ty != Tuns32)
                {
                    if (global.params.is64bit)
                    {
                        if (key->type->ty != Tint64 && key->type->ty != Tuns64)
                            error("foreach: key type must be int or uint, long or ulong, not %s", key->type->toChars());
                    }
                    else
                        error("foreach: key type must be int or uint, not %s", key->type->toChars());
                }

                if (key->storage_class & (STCout | STCref))
                    error("foreach: key cannot be out or ref");
            }

            sc->sbreak = this;
            sc->scontinue = this;
            body = body->semantic(sc);
            break;
#endif

        case Taarray:
            taa = (TypeAArray *)tab;
            if (dim < 1 || dim > 2)
            {
                error("only one or two arguments for associative array foreach");
                break;
            }
            if (op == TOKforeach_reverse)
            {
                error("no reverse iteration on associative arrays");
            }
            goto Lapply;

        case Tclass:
        case Tstruct:
#if DMDV2
        {   /* Look for range iteration, i.e. the properties
             * .empty, .next, .retreat, .head and .rear
             *    foreach (e; aggr) { ... }
             * translates to:
             *    for (auto __r = aggr[]; !__r.empty; __r.next)
             *    {   auto e = __r.head;
             *        ...
             *    }
             */
            if (dim != 1)       // only one argument allowed with ranges
                goto Lapply;
            AggregateDeclaration *ad = (tab->ty == Tclass)
                        ? (AggregateDeclaration *)((TypeClass  *)tab)->sym
                        : (AggregateDeclaration *)((TypeStruct *)tab)->sym;
            Identifier *idhead;
            Identifier *idnext;
            if (op == TOKforeach)
            {   idhead = Id::Fhead;
                idnext = Id::Fnext;
            }
            else
            {   idhead = Id::Ftoe;
                idnext = Id::Fretreat;
            }
            Dsymbol *shead = search_function(ad, idhead);
            if (!shead)
                goto Lapply;

            /* Generate a temporary __r and initialize it with the aggregate.
             */
            Identifier *id = Identifier::generateId("__r");
            Expression *rinit = new SliceExp(loc, aggr, NULL, NULL);
            rinit = rinit->trySemantic(sc);
            if (!rinit)                 // if application of [] failed
                rinit = aggr;
            VarDeclaration *r = new VarDeclaration(loc, NULL, id, new ExpInitializer(loc, rinit));
//          r->semantic(sc);
//printf("r: %s, init: %s\n", r->toChars(), r->init->toChars());
            Statement *init = new ExpStatement(loc, r);
//printf("init: %s\n", init->toChars());

            // !__r.empty
            Expression *e = new VarExp(loc, r);
            e = new DotIdExp(loc, e, Id::Fempty);
            Expression *condition = new NotExp(loc, e);

            // __r.next
            e = new VarExp(loc, r);
            Expression *increment = new DotIdExp(loc, e, idnext);

            /* Declaration statement for e:
             *    auto e = __r.idhead;
             */
            e = new VarExp(loc, r);
            Expression *einit = new DotIdExp(loc, e, idhead);
//          einit = einit->semantic(sc);
            Parameter *arg = (Parameter *)arguments->data[0];
            VarDeclaration *ve = new VarDeclaration(loc, arg->type, arg->ident, new ExpInitializer(loc, einit));
            ve->storage_class |= STCforeach;
            ve->storage_class |= arg->storageClass & (STCin | STCout | STCref | STC_TYPECTOR);

            DeclarationExp *de = new DeclarationExp(loc, ve);

            Statement *body = new CompoundStatement(loc,
                new ExpStatement(loc, de), this->body);

            s = new ForStatement(loc, init, condition, increment, body);
#if 0
            printf("init: %s\n", init->toChars());
            printf("condition: %s\n", condition->toChars());
            printf("increment: %s\n", increment->toChars());
            printf("body: %s\n", body->toChars());
#endif
            s = s->semantic(sc);
            break;
        }
#endif
        case Tdelegate:
        Lapply:
        {
            Expression *ec;
            Expression *e;
            Parameter *a;

            Type *tret = func->type->nextOf();

            // Need a variable to hold value from any return statements in body.
            if (!sc->func->vresult && tret && tret != Type::tvoid)
            {
                VarDeclaration *v = new VarDeclaration(loc, tret, Id::result, NULL);
                v->noscope = 1;
                v->semantic(sc);
                if (!sc->insert(v))
                    assert(0);
                v->parent = sc->func;
                sc->func->vresult = v;
            }

            /* Turn body into the function literal:
             *  int delegate(ref T arg) { body }
             */
            Parameters *args = new Parameters();
            for (size_t i = 0; i < dim; i++)
            {   Parameter *arg = (Parameter *)arguments->data[i];
                Identifier *id;

                arg->type = arg->type->semantic(loc, sc);
                if (arg->storageClass & STCref)
                    id = arg->ident;
                else
                {   // Make a copy of the ref argument so it isn't
                    // a reference.

                    id = Lexer::uniqueId("__applyArg", i);
                    Initializer *ie = new ExpInitializer(0, new IdentifierExp(0, id));
                    VarDeclaration *v = new VarDeclaration(0, arg->type, arg->ident, ie);
                    s = new ExpStatement(0, v);
                    body = new CompoundStatement(loc, s, body);
                }
                a = new Parameter(STCref, arg->type, id, NULL);
                args->push(a);
            }
            Type *t = new TypeFunction(args, Type::tint32, 0, LINKd);
            cases = new Statements();
            gotos = new Array();
            FuncLiteralDeclaration *fld = new FuncLiteralDeclaration(loc, 0, t, TOKdelegate, this);
            fld->fbody = body;
            Expression *flde = new FuncExp(loc, fld);
            flde = flde->semantic(sc);

            // Resolve any forward referenced goto's
            for (size_t i = 0; i < gotos->dim; i++)
            {   CompoundStatement *cs = (CompoundStatement *)gotos->data[i];
                GotoStatement *gs = (GotoStatement *)cs->statements->data[0];

                if (!gs->label->statement)
                {   // 'Promote' it to this scope, and replace with a return
                    cases->push(gs);
                    s = new ReturnStatement(0, new IntegerExp(cases->dim + 1));
                    cs->statements->data[0] = (void *)s;
                }
            }

            if (taa)
            {
                // Check types
                Parameter *arg = (Parameter *)arguments->data[0];
                if (dim == 2)
                {
                    if (arg->storageClass & STCref)
                        error("foreach: index cannot be ref");
                    if (!arg->type->equals(taa->index))
                        error("foreach: ind…