/contrib/pgbench/pgbench.c
C | 3518 lines | 2642 code | 459 blank | 417 comment | 589 complexity | f7a6b15b57324ba77ce0261182bf6f1b MD5 | raw file
Possible License(s): AGPL-3.0
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- /*
- * pgbench.c
- *
- * A simple benchmark program for PostgreSQL
- * Originally written by Tatsuo Ishii and enhanced by many contributors.
- *
- * contrib/pgbench/pgbench.c
- * Copyright (c) 2000-2014, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
- * ALL RIGHTS RESERVED;
- *
- * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its
- * documentation for any purpose, without fee, and without a written agreement
- * is hereby granted, provided that the above copyright notice and this
- * paragraph and the following two paragraphs appear in all copies.
- *
- * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR DISTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE TO ANY PARTY FOR
- * DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, INCLUDING
- * LOST PROFITS, ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE AND ITS
- * DOCUMENTATION, EVEN IF THE AUTHOR OR DISTRIBUTORS HAVE BEEN ADVISED OF THE
- * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
- *
- * THE AUTHOR AND DISTRIBUTORS SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ANY WARRANTIES,
- * INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY
- * AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE SOFTWARE PROVIDED HEREUNDER IS
- * ON AN "AS IS" BASIS, AND THE AUTHOR AND DISTRIBUTORS HAS NO OBLIGATIONS TO
- * PROVIDE MAINTENANCE, SUPPORT, UPDATES, ENHANCEMENTS, OR MODIFICATIONS.
- *
- */
- #ifdef WIN32
- #define FD_SETSIZE 1024 /* set before winsock2.h is included */
- #endif /* ! WIN32 */
- #include "postgres_fe.h"
- #include "getopt_long.h"
- #include "libpq-fe.h"
- #include "portability/instr_time.h"
- #include <ctype.h>
- #include <math.h>
- #include <signal.h>
- #include <sys/time.h>
- #ifdef HAVE_SYS_SELECT_H
- #include <sys/select.h>
- #endif
- #ifdef HAVE_SYS_RESOURCE_H
- #include <sys/resource.h> /* for getrlimit */
- #endif
- #ifndef INT64_MAX
- #define INT64_MAX INT64CONST(0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFF)
- #endif
- /*
- * Multi-platform pthread implementations
- */
- #ifdef WIN32
- /* Use native win32 threads on Windows */
- typedef struct win32_pthread *pthread_t;
- typedef int pthread_attr_t;
- static int pthread_create(pthread_t *thread, pthread_attr_t *attr, void *(*start_routine) (void *), void *arg);
- static int pthread_join(pthread_t th, void **thread_return);
- #elif defined(ENABLE_THREAD_SAFETY)
- /* Use platform-dependent pthread capability */
- #include <pthread.h>
- #else
- /* Use emulation with fork. Rename pthread identifiers to avoid conflicts */
- #define PTHREAD_FORK_EMULATION
- #include <sys/wait.h>
- #define pthread_t pg_pthread_t
- #define pthread_attr_t pg_pthread_attr_t
- #define pthread_create pg_pthread_create
- #define pthread_join pg_pthread_join
- typedef struct fork_pthread *pthread_t;
- typedef int pthread_attr_t;
- static int pthread_create(pthread_t *thread, pthread_attr_t *attr, void *(*start_routine) (void *), void *arg);
- static int pthread_join(pthread_t th, void **thread_return);
- #endif
- /********************************************************************
- * some configurable parameters */
- /* max number of clients allowed */
- #ifdef FD_SETSIZE
- #define MAXCLIENTS (FD_SETSIZE - 10)
- #else
- #define MAXCLIENTS 1024
- #endif
- #define LOG_STEP_SECONDS 5 /* seconds between log messages */
- #define DEFAULT_NXACTS 10 /* default nxacts */
- int nxacts = 0; /* number of transactions per client */
- int duration = 0; /* duration in seconds */
- /*
- * scaling factor. for example, scale = 10 will make 1000000 tuples in
- * pgbench_accounts table.
- */
- int scale = 1;
- /*
- * fillfactor. for example, fillfactor = 90 will use only 90 percent
- * space during inserts and leave 10 percent free.
- */
- int fillfactor = 100;
- /*
- * create foreign key constraints on the tables?
- */
- int foreign_keys = 0;
- /*
- * use unlogged tables?
- */
- int unlogged_tables = 0;
- /*
- * log sampling rate (1.0 = log everything, 0.0 = option not given)
- */
- double sample_rate = 0.0;
- /*
- * When threads are throttled to a given rate limit, this is the target delay
- * to reach that rate in usec. 0 is the default and means no throttling.
- */
- int64 throttle_delay = 0;
- /*
- * tablespace selection
- */
- char *tablespace = NULL;
- char *index_tablespace = NULL;
- /*
- * end of configurable parameters
- *********************************************************************/
- #define nbranches 1 /* Makes little sense to change this. Change
- * -s instead */
- #define ntellers 10
- #define naccounts 100000
- /*
- * The scale factor at/beyond which 32bit integers are incapable of storing
- * 64bit values.
- *
- * Although the actual threshold is 21474, we use 20000 because it is easier to
- * document and remember, and isn't that far away from the real threshold.
- */
- #define SCALE_32BIT_THRESHOLD 20000
- bool use_log; /* log transaction latencies to a file */
- bool use_quiet; /* quiet logging onto stderr */
- int agg_interval; /* log aggregates instead of individual
- * transactions */
- int progress = 0; /* thread progress report every this seconds */
- int progress_nclients = 0; /* number of clients for progress
- * report */
- int progress_nthreads = 0; /* number of threads for progress
- * report */
- bool is_connect; /* establish connection for each transaction */
- bool is_latencies; /* report per-command latencies */
- int main_pid; /* main process id used in log filename */
- char *pghost = "";
- char *pgport = "";
- char *login = NULL;
- char *dbName;
- const char *progname;
- volatile bool timer_exceeded = false; /* flag from signal handler */
- /* variable definitions */
- typedef struct
- {
- char *name; /* variable name */
- char *value; /* its value */
- } Variable;
- #define MAX_FILES 128 /* max number of SQL script files allowed */
- #define SHELL_COMMAND_SIZE 256 /* maximum size allowed for shell command */
- /*
- * structures used in custom query mode
- */
- typedef struct
- {
- PGconn *con; /* connection handle to DB */
- int id; /* client No. */
- int state; /* state No. */
- int cnt; /* xacts count */
- int ecnt; /* error count */
- int listen; /* 0 indicates that an async query has been
- * sent */
- int sleeping; /* 1 indicates that the client is napping */
- bool throttling; /* whether nap is for throttling */
- int64 until; /* napping until (usec) */
- Variable *variables; /* array of variable definitions */
- int nvariables;
- instr_time txn_begin; /* used for measuring transaction latencies */
- instr_time stmt_begin; /* used for measuring statement latencies */
- int64 txn_latencies; /* cumulated latencies */
- int64 txn_sqlats; /* cumulated square latencies */
- bool is_throttled; /* whether transaction throttling is done */
- int use_file; /* index in sql_files for this client */
- bool prepared[MAX_FILES];
- } CState;
- /*
- * Thread state and result
- */
- typedef struct
- {
- int tid; /* thread id */
- pthread_t thread; /* thread handle */
- CState *state; /* array of CState */
- int nstate; /* length of state[] */
- instr_time start_time; /* thread start time */
- instr_time *exec_elapsed; /* time spent executing cmds (per Command) */
- int *exec_count; /* number of cmd executions (per Command) */
- unsigned short random_state[3]; /* separate randomness for each thread */
- int64 throttle_trigger; /* previous/next throttling (us) */
- int64 throttle_lag; /* total transaction lag behind throttling */
- int64 throttle_lag_max; /* max transaction lag */
- } TState;
- #define INVALID_THREAD ((pthread_t) 0)
- typedef struct
- {
- instr_time conn_time;
- int64 xacts;
- int64 latencies;
- int64 sqlats;
- int64 throttle_lag;
- int64 throttle_lag_max;
- } TResult;
- /*
- * queries read from files
- */
- #define SQL_COMMAND 1
- #define META_COMMAND 2
- #define MAX_ARGS 10
- typedef enum QueryMode
- {
- QUERY_SIMPLE, /* simple query */
- QUERY_EXTENDED, /* extended query */
- QUERY_PREPARED, /* extended query with prepared statements */
- NUM_QUERYMODE
- } QueryMode;
- static QueryMode querymode = QUERY_SIMPLE;
- static const char *QUERYMODE[] = {"simple", "extended", "prepared"};
- typedef struct
- {
- char *line; /* full text of command line */
- int command_num; /* unique index of this Command struct */
- int type; /* command type (SQL_COMMAND or META_COMMAND) */
- int argc; /* number of command words */
- char *argv[MAX_ARGS]; /* command word list */
- } Command;
- typedef struct
- {
- long start_time; /* when does the interval start */
- int cnt; /* number of transactions */
- double min_duration; /* min/max durations */
- double max_duration;
- double sum; /* sum(duration), sum(duration^2) - for
- * estimates */
- double sum2;
- } AggVals;
- static Command **sql_files[MAX_FILES]; /* SQL script files */
- static int num_files; /* number of script files */
- static int num_commands = 0; /* total number of Command structs */
- static int debug = 0; /* debug flag */
- /* default scenario */
- static char *tpc_b = {
- "\\set nbranches " CppAsString2(nbranches) " * :scale\n"
- "\\set ntellers " CppAsString2(ntellers) " * :scale\n"
- "\\set naccounts " CppAsString2(naccounts) " * :scale\n"
- "\\setrandom aid 1 :naccounts\n"
- "\\setrandom bid 1 :nbranches\n"
- "\\setrandom tid 1 :ntellers\n"
- "\\setrandom delta -5000 5000\n"
- "BEGIN;\n"
- "UPDATE pgbench_accounts SET abalance = abalance + :delta WHERE aid = :aid;\n"
- "SELECT abalance FROM pgbench_accounts WHERE aid = :aid;\n"
- "UPDATE pgbench_tellers SET tbalance = tbalance + :delta WHERE tid = :tid;\n"
- "UPDATE pgbench_branches SET bbalance = bbalance + :delta WHERE bid = :bid;\n"
- "INSERT INTO pgbench_history (tid, bid, aid, delta, mtime) VALUES (:tid, :bid, :aid, :delta, CURRENT_TIMESTAMP);\n"
- "END;\n"
- };
- /* -N case */
- static char *simple_update = {
- "\\set nbranches " CppAsString2(nbranches) " * :scale\n"
- "\\set ntellers " CppAsString2(ntellers) " * :scale\n"
- "\\set naccounts " CppAsString2(naccounts) " * :scale\n"
- "\\setrandom aid 1 :naccounts\n"
- "\\setrandom bid 1 :nbranches\n"
- "\\setrandom tid 1 :ntellers\n"
- "\\setrandom delta -5000 5000\n"
- "BEGIN;\n"
- "UPDATE pgbench_accounts SET abalance = abalance + :delta WHERE aid = :aid;\n"
- "SELECT abalance FROM pgbench_accounts WHERE aid = :aid;\n"
- "INSERT INTO pgbench_history (tid, bid, aid, delta, mtime) VALUES (:tid, :bid, :aid, :delta, CURRENT_TIMESTAMP);\n"
- "END;\n"
- };
- /* -S case */
- static char *select_only = {
- "\\set naccounts " CppAsString2(naccounts) " * :scale\n"
- "\\setrandom aid 1 :naccounts\n"
- "SELECT abalance FROM pgbench_accounts WHERE aid = :aid;\n"
- };
- /* Function prototypes */
- static void setalarm(int seconds);
- static void *threadRun(void *arg);
- static void
- usage(void)
- {
- printf("%s is a benchmarking tool for PostgreSQL.\n\n"
- "Usage:\n"
- " %s [OPTION]... [DBNAME]\n"
- "\nInitialization options:\n"
- " -i, --initialize invokes initialization mode\n"
- " -F, --fillfactor=NUM set fill factor\n"
- " -n, --no-vacuum do not run VACUUM after initialization\n"
- " -q, --quiet quiet logging (one message each 5 seconds)\n"
- " -s, --scale=NUM scaling factor\n"
- " --foreign-keys create foreign key constraints between tables\n"
- " --index-tablespace=TABLESPACE\n"
- " create indexes in the specified tablespace\n"
- " --tablespace=TABLESPACE create tables in the specified tablespace\n"
- " --unlogged-tables create tables as unlogged tables\n"
- "\nBenchmarking options:\n"
- " -c, --client=NUM number of concurrent database clients (default: 1)\n"
- " -C, --connect establish new connection for each transaction\n"
- " -D, --define=VARNAME=VALUE\n"
- " define variable for use by custom script\n"
- " -f, --file=FILENAME read transaction script from FILENAME\n"
- " -j, --jobs=NUM number of threads (default: 1)\n"
- " -l, --log write transaction times to log file\n"
- " -M, --protocol=simple|extended|prepared\n"
- " protocol for submitting queries (default: simple)\n"
- " -n, --no-vacuum do not run VACUUM before tests\n"
- " -N, --skip-some-updates skip updates of pgbench_tellers and pgbench_branches\n"
- " -P, --progress=NUM show thread progress report every NUM seconds\n"
- " -r, --report-latencies report average latency per command\n"
- " -R, --rate=NUM target rate in transactions per second\n"
- " -s, --scale=NUM report this scale factor in output\n"
- " -S, --select-only perform SELECT-only transactions\n"
- " -t, --transactions=NUM number of transactions each client runs (default: 10)\n"
- " -T, --time=NUM duration of benchmark test in seconds\n"
- " -v, --vacuum-all vacuum all four standard tables before tests\n"
- " --aggregate-interval=NUM aggregate data over NUM seconds\n"
- " --sampling-rate=NUM fraction of transactions to log (e.g. 0.01 for 1%%)\n"
- "\nCommon options:\n"
- " -d, --debug print debugging output\n"
- " -h, --host=HOSTNAME database server host or socket directory\n"
- " -p, --port=PORT database server port number\n"
- " -U, --username=USERNAME connect as specified database user\n"
- " -V, --version output version information, then exit\n"
- " -?, --help show this help, then exit\n"
- "\n"
- "Report bugs to <pgsql-bugs@postgresql.org>.\n",
- progname, progname);
- }
- /*
- * strtoint64 -- convert a string to 64-bit integer
- *
- * This function is a modified version of scanint8() from
- * src/backend/utils/adt/int8.c.
- */
- static int64
- strtoint64(const char *str)
- {
- const char *ptr = str;
- int64 result = 0;
- int sign = 1;
- /*
- * Do our own scan, rather than relying on sscanf which might be broken
- * for long long.
- */
- /* skip leading spaces */
- while (*ptr && isspace((unsigned char) *ptr))
- ptr++;
- /* handle sign */
- if (*ptr == '-')
- {
- ptr++;
- /*
- * Do an explicit check for INT64_MIN. Ugly though this is, it's
- * cleaner than trying to get the loop below to handle it portably.
- */
- if (strncmp(ptr, "9223372036854775808", 19) == 0)
- {
- result = -INT64CONST(0x7fffffffffffffff) - 1;
- ptr += 19;
- goto gotdigits;
- }
- sign = -1;
- }
- else if (*ptr == '+')
- ptr++;
- /* require at least one digit */
- if (!isdigit((unsigned char) *ptr))
- fprintf(stderr, "invalid input syntax for integer: \"%s\"\n", str);
- /* process digits */
- while (*ptr && isdigit((unsigned char) *ptr))
- {
- int64 tmp = result * 10 + (*ptr++ - '0');
- if ((tmp / 10) != result) /* overflow? */
- fprintf(stderr, "value \"%s\" is out of range for type bigint\n", str);
- result = tmp;
- }
- gotdigits:
- /* allow trailing whitespace, but not other trailing chars */
- while (*ptr != '\0' && isspace((unsigned char) *ptr))
- ptr++;
- if (*ptr != '\0')
- fprintf(stderr, "invalid input syntax for integer: \"%s\"\n", str);
- return ((sign < 0) ? -result : result);
- }
- /* random number generator: uniform distribution from min to max inclusive */
- static int64
- getrand(TState *thread, int64 min, int64 max)
- {
- /*
- * Odd coding is so that min and max have approximately the same chance of
- * being selected as do numbers between them.
- *
- * pg_erand48() is thread-safe and concurrent, which is why we use it
- * rather than random(), which in glibc is non-reentrant, and therefore
- * protected by a mutex, and therefore a bottleneck on machines with many
- * CPUs.
- */
- return min + (int64) ((max - min + 1) * pg_erand48(thread->random_state));
- }
- /* call PQexec() and exit() on failure */
- static void
- executeStatement(PGconn *con, const char *sql)
- {
- PGresult *res;
- res = PQexec(con, sql);
- if (PQresultStatus(res) != PGRES_COMMAND_OK)
- {
- fprintf(stderr, "%s", PQerrorMessage(con));
- exit(1);
- }
- PQclear(res);
- }
- /* set up a connection to the backend */
- static PGconn *
- doConnect(void)
- {
- PGconn *conn;
- static char *password = NULL;
- bool new_pass;
- /*
- * Start the connection. Loop until we have a password if requested by
- * backend.
- */
- do
- {
- #define PARAMS_ARRAY_SIZE 7
- const char *keywords[PARAMS_ARRAY_SIZE];
- const char *values[PARAMS_ARRAY_SIZE];
- keywords[0] = "host";
- values[0] = pghost;
- keywords[1] = "port";
- values[1] = pgport;
- keywords[2] = "user";
- values[2] = login;
- keywords[3] = "password";
- values[3] = password;
- keywords[4] = "dbname";
- values[4] = dbName;
- keywords[5] = "fallback_application_name";
- values[5] = progname;
- keywords[6] = NULL;
- values[6] = NULL;
- new_pass = false;
- conn = PQconnectdbParams(keywords, values, true);
- if (!conn)
- {
- fprintf(stderr, "Connection to database \"%s\" failed\n",
- dbName);
- return NULL;
- }
- if (PQstatus(conn) == CONNECTION_BAD &&
- PQconnectionNeedsPassword(conn) &&
- password == NULL)
- {
- PQfinish(conn);
- password = simple_prompt("Password: ", 100, false);
- new_pass = true;
- }
- } while (new_pass);
- /* check to see that the backend connection was successfully made */
- if (PQstatus(conn) == CONNECTION_BAD)
- {
- fprintf(stderr, "Connection to database \"%s\" failed:\n%s",
- dbName, PQerrorMessage(conn));
- PQfinish(conn);
- return NULL;
- }
- return conn;
- }
- /* throw away response from backend */
- static void
- discard_response(CState *state)
- {
- PGresult *res;
- do
- {
- res = PQgetResult(state->con);
- if (res)
- PQclear(res);
- } while (res);
- }
- static int
- compareVariables(const void *v1, const void *v2)
- {
- return strcmp(((const Variable *) v1)->name,
- ((const Variable *) v2)->name);
- }
- static char *
- getVariable(CState *st, char *name)
- {
- Variable key,
- *var;
- /* On some versions of Solaris, bsearch of zero items dumps core */
- if (st->nvariables <= 0)
- return NULL;
- key.name = name;
- var = (Variable *) bsearch((void *) &key,
- (void *) st->variables,
- st->nvariables,
- sizeof(Variable),
- compareVariables);
- if (var != NULL)
- return var->value;
- else
- return NULL;
- }
- /* check whether the name consists of alphabets, numerals and underscores. */
- static bool
- isLegalVariableName(const char *name)
- {
- int i;
- for (i = 0; name[i] != '\0'; i++)
- {
- if (!isalnum((unsigned char) name[i]) && name[i] != '_')
- return false;
- }
- return true;
- }
- static int
- putVariable(CState *st, const char *context, char *name, char *value)
- {
- Variable key,
- *var;
- key.name = name;
- /* On some versions of Solaris, bsearch of zero items dumps core */
- if (st->nvariables > 0)
- var = (Variable *) bsearch((void *) &key,
- (void *) st->variables,
- st->nvariables,
- sizeof(Variable),
- compareVariables);
- else
- var = NULL;
- if (var == NULL)
- {
- Variable *newvars;
- /*
- * Check for the name only when declaring a new variable to avoid
- * overhead.
- */
- if (!isLegalVariableName(name))
- {
- fprintf(stderr, "%s: invalid variable name '%s'\n", context, name);
- return false;
- }
- if (st->variables)
- newvars = (Variable *) pg_realloc(st->variables,
- (st->nvariables + 1) * sizeof(Variable));
- else
- newvars = (Variable *) pg_malloc(sizeof(Variable));
- st->variables = newvars;
- var = &newvars[st->nvariables];
- var->name = pg_strdup(name);
- var->value = pg_strdup(value);
- st->nvariables++;
- qsort((void *) st->variables, st->nvariables, sizeof(Variable),
- compareVariables);
- }
- else
- {
- char *val;
- /* dup then free, in case value is pointing at this variable */
- val = pg_strdup(value);
- free(var->value);
- var->value = val;
- }
- return true;
- }
- static char *
- parseVariable(const char *sql, int *eaten)
- {
- int i = 0;
- char *name;
- do
- {
- i++;
- } while (isalnum((unsigned char) sql[i]) || sql[i] == '_');
- if (i == 1)
- return NULL;
- name = pg_malloc(i);
- memcpy(name, &sql[1], i - 1);
- name[i - 1] = '\0';
- *eaten = i;
- return name;
- }
- static char *
- replaceVariable(char **sql, char *param, int len, char *value)
- {
- int valueln = strlen(value);
- if (valueln > len)
- {
- size_t offset = param - *sql;
- *sql = pg_realloc(*sql, strlen(*sql) - len + valueln + 1);
- param = *sql + offset;
- }
- if (valueln != len)
- memmove(param + valueln, param + len, strlen(param + len) + 1);
- strncpy(param, value, valueln);
- return param + valueln;
- }
- static char *
- assignVariables(CState *st, char *sql)
- {
- char *p,
- *name,
- *val;
- p = sql;
- while ((p = strchr(p, ':')) != NULL)
- {
- int eaten;
- name = parseVariable(p, &eaten);
- if (name == NULL)
- {
- while (*p == ':')
- {
- p++;
- }
- continue;
- }
- val = getVariable(st, name);
- free(name);
- if (val == NULL)
- {
- p++;
- continue;
- }
- p = replaceVariable(&sql, p, eaten, val);
- }
- return sql;
- }
- static void
- getQueryParams(CState *st, const Command *command, const char **params)
- {
- int i;
- for (i = 0; i < command->argc - 1; i++)
- params[i] = getVariable(st, command->argv[i + 1]);
- }
- /*
- * Run a shell command. The result is assigned to the variable if not NULL.
- * Return true if succeeded, or false on error.
- */
- static bool
- runShellCommand(CState *st, char *variable, char **argv, int argc)
- {
- char command[SHELL_COMMAND_SIZE];
- int i,
- len = 0;
- FILE *fp;
- char res[64];
- char *endptr;
- int retval;
- /*----------
- * Join arguments with whitespace separators. Arguments starting with
- * exactly one colon are treated as variables:
- * name - append a string "name"
- * :var - append a variable named 'var'
- * ::name - append a string ":name"
- *----------
- */
- for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
- {
- char *arg;
- int arglen;
- if (argv[i][0] != ':')
- {
- arg = argv[i]; /* a string literal */
- }
- else if (argv[i][1] == ':')
- {
- arg = argv[i] + 1; /* a string literal starting with colons */
- }
- else if ((arg = getVariable(st, argv[i] + 1)) == NULL)
- {
- fprintf(stderr, "%s: undefined variable %s\n", argv[0], argv[i]);
- return false;
- }
- arglen = strlen(arg);
- if (len + arglen + (i > 0 ? 1 : 0) >= SHELL_COMMAND_SIZE - 1)
- {
- fprintf(stderr, "%s: too long shell command\n", argv[0]);
- return false;
- }
- if (i > 0)
- command[len++] = ' ';
- memcpy(command + len, arg, arglen);
- len += arglen;
- }
- command[len] = '\0';
- /* Fast path for non-assignment case */
- if (variable == NULL)
- {
- if (system(command))
- {
- if (!timer_exceeded)
- fprintf(stderr, "%s: cannot launch shell command\n", argv[0]);
- return false;
- }
- return true;
- }
- /* Execute the command with pipe and read the standard output. */
- if ((fp = popen(command, "r")) == NULL)
- {
- fprintf(stderr, "%s: cannot launch shell command\n", argv[0]);
- return false;
- }
- if (fgets(res, sizeof(res), fp) == NULL)
- {
- if (!timer_exceeded)
- fprintf(stderr, "%s: cannot read the result\n", argv[0]);
- return false;
- }
- if (pclose(fp) < 0)
- {
- fprintf(stderr, "%s: cannot close shell command\n", argv[0]);
- return false;
- }
- /* Check whether the result is an integer and assign it to the variable */
- retval = (int) strtol(res, &endptr, 10);
- while (*endptr != '\0' && isspace((unsigned char) *endptr))
- endptr++;
- if (*res == '\0' || *endptr != '\0')
- {
- fprintf(stderr, "%s: must return an integer ('%s' returned)\n", argv[0], res);
- return false;
- }
- snprintf(res, sizeof(res), "%d", retval);
- if (!putVariable(st, "setshell", variable, res))
- return false;
- #ifdef DEBUG
- printf("shell parameter name: %s, value: %s\n", argv[1], res);
- #endif
- return true;
- }
- #define MAX_PREPARE_NAME 32
- static void
- preparedStatementName(char *buffer, int file, int state)
- {
- sprintf(buffer, "P%d_%d", file, state);
- }
- static bool
- clientDone(CState *st, bool ok)
- {
- (void) ok; /* unused */
- if (st->con != NULL)
- {
- PQfinish(st->con);
- st->con = NULL;
- }
- return false; /* always false */
- }
- static
- void
- agg_vals_init(AggVals *aggs, instr_time start)
- {
- /* basic counters */
- aggs->cnt = 0; /* number of transactions */
- aggs->sum = 0; /* SUM(duration) */
- aggs->sum2 = 0; /* SUM(duration*duration) */
- /* min and max transaction duration */
- aggs->min_duration = 0;
- aggs->max_duration = 0;
- /* start of the current interval */
- aggs->start_time = INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(start);
- }
- /* return false iff client should be disconnected */
- static bool
- doCustom(TState *thread, CState *st, instr_time *conn_time, FILE *logfile, AggVals *agg)
- {
- PGresult *res;
- Command **commands;
- bool trans_needs_throttle = false;
- top:
- commands = sql_files[st->use_file];
- /*
- * Handle throttling once per transaction by sleeping. It is simpler to
- * do this here rather than at the end, because so much complicated logic
- * happens below when statements finish.
- */
- if (throttle_delay && !st->is_throttled)
- {
- /*
- * Use inverse transform sampling to randomly generate a delay, such
- * that the series of delays will approximate a Poisson distribution
- * centered on the throttle_delay time.
- *
- * 10000 implies a 9.2 (-log(1/10000)) to 0.0 (log 1) delay
- * multiplier, and results in a 0.055 % target underestimation bias:
- *
- * SELECT 1.0/AVG(-LN(i/10000.0)) FROM generate_series(1,10000) AS i;
- * = 1.000552717032611116335474
- *
- * If transactions are too slow or a given wait is shorter than a
- * transaction, the next transaction will start right away.
- */
- int64 wait = (int64) (throttle_delay *
- 1.00055271703 * -log(getrand(thread, 1, 10000) / 10000.0));
- thread->throttle_trigger += wait;
- st->until = thread->throttle_trigger;
- st->sleeping = 1;
- st->throttling = true;
- st->is_throttled = true;
- if (debug)
- fprintf(stderr, "client %d throttling " INT64_FORMAT " us\n",
- st->id, wait);
- }
- if (st->sleeping)
- { /* are we sleeping? */
- instr_time now;
- int64 now_us;
- INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(now);
- now_us = INSTR_TIME_GET_MICROSEC(now);
- if (st->until <= now_us)
- {
- st->sleeping = 0; /* Done sleeping, go ahead with next command */
- if (st->throttling)
- {
- /* Measure lag of throttled transaction relative to target */
- int64 lag = now_us - st->until;
- thread->throttle_lag += lag;
- if (lag > thread->throttle_lag_max)
- thread->throttle_lag_max = lag;
- st->throttling = false;
- }
- }
- else
- return true; /* Still sleeping, nothing to do here */
- }
- if (st->listen)
- { /* are we receiver? */
- if (commands[st->state]->type == SQL_COMMAND)
- {
- if (debug)
- fprintf(stderr, "client %d receiving\n", st->id);
- if (!PQconsumeInput(st->con))
- { /* there's something wrong */
- fprintf(stderr, "Client %d aborted in state %d. Probably the backend died while processing.\n", st->id, st->state);
- return clientDone(st, false);
- }
- if (PQisBusy(st->con))
- return true; /* don't have the whole result yet */
- }
- /*
- * command finished: accumulate per-command execution times in
- * thread-local data structure, if per-command latencies are requested
- */
- if (is_latencies)
- {
- instr_time now;
- int cnum = commands[st->state]->command_num;
- INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(now);
- INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(thread->exec_elapsed[cnum],
- now, st->stmt_begin);
- thread->exec_count[cnum]++;
- }
- /* transaction finished: record latency under progress or throttling */
- if ((progress || throttle_delay) && commands[st->state + 1] == NULL)
- {
- instr_time diff;
- int64 latency;
- INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(diff);
- INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(diff, st->txn_begin);
- latency = INSTR_TIME_GET_MICROSEC(diff);
- st->txn_latencies += latency;
- /*
- * XXX In a long benchmark run of high-latency transactions, this
- * int64 addition eventually overflows. For example, 100 threads
- * running 10s transactions will overflow it in 2.56 hours. With
- * a more-typical OLTP workload of .1s transactions, overflow
- * would take 256 hours.
- */
- st->txn_sqlats += latency * latency;
- }
- /*
- * if transaction finished, record the time it took in the log
- */
- if (logfile && commands[st->state + 1] == NULL)
- {
- instr_time now;
- instr_time diff;
- double usec;
- /*
- * write the log entry if this row belongs to the random sample,
- * or no sampling rate was given which means log everything.
- */
- if (sample_rate == 0.0 ||
- pg_erand48(thread->random_state) <= sample_rate)
- {
- INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(now);
- diff = now;
- INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(diff, st->txn_begin);
- usec = (double) INSTR_TIME_GET_MICROSEC(diff);
- /* should we aggregate the results or not? */
- if (agg_interval > 0)
- {
- /*
- * are we still in the same interval? if yes, accumulate
- * the values (print them otherwise)
- */
- if (agg->start_time + agg_interval >= INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(now))
- {
- agg->cnt += 1;
- agg->sum += usec;
- agg->sum2 += usec * usec;
- /* first in this aggregation interval */
- if ((agg->cnt == 1) || (usec < agg->min_duration))
- agg->min_duration = usec;
- if ((agg->cnt == 1) || (usec > agg->max_duration))
- agg->max_duration = usec;
- }
- else
- {
- /*
- * Loop until we reach the interval of the current
- * transaction (and print all the empty intervals in
- * between).
- */
- while (agg->start_time + agg_interval < INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(now))
- {
- /*
- * This is a non-Windows branch (thanks to the
- * ifdef in usage), so we don't need to handle
- * this in a special way (see below).
- */
- fprintf(logfile, "%ld %d %.0f %.0f %.0f %.0f\n",
- agg->start_time,
- agg->cnt,
- agg->sum,
- agg->sum2,
- agg->min_duration,
- agg->max_duration);
- /* move to the next inteval */
- agg->start_time = agg->start_time + agg_interval;
- /* reset for "no transaction" intervals */
- agg->cnt = 0;
- agg->min_duration = 0;
- agg->max_duration = 0;
- agg->sum = 0;
- agg->sum2 = 0;
- }
- /*
- * and now update the reset values (include the
- * current)
- */
- agg->cnt = 1;
- agg->min_duration = usec;
- agg->max_duration = usec;
- agg->sum = usec;
- agg->sum2 = usec * usec;
- }
- }
- else
- {
- /* no, print raw transactions */
- #ifndef WIN32
- /*
- * This is more than we really ought to know about
- * instr_time
- */
- fprintf(logfile, "%d %d %.0f %d %ld %ld\n",
- st->id, st->cnt, usec, st->use_file,
- (long) now.tv_sec, (long) now.tv_usec);
- #else
- /*
- * On Windows, instr_time doesn't provide a timestamp
- * anyway
- */
- fprintf(logfile, "%d %d %.0f %d 0 0\n",
- st->id, st->cnt, usec, st->use_file);
- #endif
- }
- }
- }
- if (commands[st->state]->type == SQL_COMMAND)
- {
- /*
- * Read and discard the query result; note this is not included in
- * the statement latency numbers.
- */
- res = PQgetResult(st->con);
- switch (PQresultStatus(res))
- {
- case PGRES_COMMAND_OK:
- case PGRES_TUPLES_OK:
- break; /* OK */
- default:
- fprintf(stderr, "Client %d aborted in state %d: %s",
- st->id, st->state, PQerrorMessage(st->con));
- PQclear(res);
- return clientDone(st, false);
- }
- PQclear(res);
- discard_response(st);
- }
- if (commands[st->state + 1] == NULL)
- {
- if (is_connect)
- {
- PQfinish(st->con);
- st->con = NULL;
- }
- ++st->cnt;
- if ((st->cnt >= nxacts && duration <= 0) || timer_exceeded)
- return clientDone(st, true); /* exit success */
- }
- /* increment state counter */
- st->state++;
- if (commands[st->state] == NULL)
- {
- st->state = 0;
- st->use_file = (int) getrand(thread, 0, num_files - 1);
- commands = sql_files[st->use_file];
- st->is_throttled = false;
- /*
- * No transaction is underway anymore, which means there is
- * nothing to listen to right now. When throttling rate limits
- * are active, a sleep will happen next, as the next transaction
- * starts. And then in any case the next SQL command will set
- * listen back to 1.
- */
- st->listen = 0;
- trans_needs_throttle = (throttle_delay > 0);
- }
- }
- if (st->con == NULL)
- {
- instr_time start,
- end;
- INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start);
- if ((st->con = doConnect()) == NULL)
- {
- fprintf(stderr, "Client %d aborted in establishing connection.\n", st->id);
- return clientDone(st, false);
- }
- INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(end);
- INSTR_TIME_ACCUM_DIFF(*conn_time, end, start);
- }
- /*
- * This ensures that a throttling delay is inserted before proceeding with
- * sql commands, after the first transaction. The first transaction
- * throttling is performed when first entering doCustom.
- */
- if (trans_needs_throttle)
- {
- trans_needs_throttle = false;
- goto top;
- }
- /* Record transaction start time under logging, progress or throttling */
- if ((logfile || progress || throttle_delay) && st->state == 0)
- INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(st->txn_begin);
- /* Record statement start time if per-command latencies are requested */
- if (is_latencies)
- INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(st->stmt_begin);
- if (commands[st->state]->type == SQL_COMMAND)
- {
- const Command *command = commands[st->state];
- int r;
- if (querymode == QUERY_SIMPLE)
- {
- char *sql;
- sql = pg_strdup(command->argv[0]);
- sql = assignVariables(st, sql);
- if (debug)
- fprintf(stderr, "client %d sending %s\n", st->id, sql);
- r = PQsendQuery(st->con, sql);
- free(sql);
- }
- else if (querymode == QUERY_EXTENDED)
- {
- const char *sql = command->argv[0];
- const char *params[MAX_ARGS];
- getQueryParams(st, command, params);
- if (debug)
- fprintf(stderr, "client %d sending %s\n", st->id, sql);
- r = PQsendQueryParams(st->con, sql, command->argc - 1,
- NULL, params, NULL, NULL, 0);
- }
- else if (querymode == QUERY_PREPARED)
- {
- char name[MAX_PREPARE_NAME];
- const char *params[MAX_ARGS];
- if (!st->prepared[st->use_file])
- {
- int j;
- for (j = 0; commands[j] != NULL; j++)
- {
- PGresult *res;
- char name[MAX_PREPARE_NAME];
- if (commands[j]->type != SQL_COMMAND)
- continue;
- preparedStatementName(name, st->use_file, j);
- res = PQprepare(st->con, name,
- commands[j]->argv[0], commands[j]->argc - 1, NULL);
- if (PQresultStatus(res) != PGRES_COMMAND_OK)
- fprintf(stderr, "%s", PQerrorMessage(st->con));
- PQclear(res);
- }
- st->prepared[st->use_file] = true;
- }
- getQueryParams(st, command, params);
- preparedStatementName(name, st->use_file, st->state);
- if (debug)
- fprintf(stderr, "client %d sending %s\n", st->id, name);
- r = PQsendQueryPrepared(st->con, name, command->argc - 1,
- params, NULL, NULL, 0);
- }
- else /* unknown sql mode */
- r = 0;
- if (r == 0)
- {
- if (debug)
- fprintf(stderr, "client %d cannot send %s\n", st->id, command->argv[0]);
- st->ecnt++;
- }
- else
- st->listen = 1; /* flags that should be listened */
- }
- else if (commands[st->state]->type == META_COMMAND)
- {
- int argc = commands[st->state]->argc,
- i;
- char **argv = commands[st->state]->argv;
- if (debug)
- {
- fprintf(stderr, "client %d executing \\%s", st->id, argv[0]);
- for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
- fprintf(stderr, " %s", argv[i]);
- fprintf(stderr, "\n");
- }
- if (pg_strcasecmp(argv[0], "setrandom") == 0)
- {
- char *var;
- int64 min,
- max;
- char res[64];
- if (*argv[2] == ':')
- {
- if ((var = getVariable(st, argv[2] + 1)) == NULL)
- {
- fprintf(stderr, "%s: undefined variable %s\n", argv[0], argv[2]);
- st->ecnt++;
- return true;
- }
- min = strtoint64(var);
- }
- else
- min = strtoint64(argv[2]);
- #ifdef NOT_USED
- if (min < 0)
- {
- fprintf(stderr, "%s: invalid minimum number %d\n", argv[0], min);
- st->ecnt++;
- return;
- }
- #endif
- if (*argv[3] == ':')
- {
- if ((var = getVariable(st, argv[3] + 1)) == NULL)
- {
- fprintf(stderr, "%s: undefined variable %s\n", argv[0], argv[3]);
- st->ecnt++;
- return true;
- }
- max = strtoint64(var);
- }
- else
- max = strtoint64(argv[3]);
- if (max < min)
- {
- fprintf(stderr, "%s: maximum is less than minimum\n", argv[0]);
- st->ecnt++;
- return true;
- }
- /*
- * getrand() needs to be able to subtract max from min and add one
- * to the result without overflowing. Since we know max > min, we
- * can detect overflow just by checking for a negative result. But
- * we must check both that the subtraction doesn't overflow, and
- * that adding one to the result doesn't overflow either.
- */
- if (max - min < 0 || (max - min) + 1 < 0)
- {
- fprintf(stderr, "%s: range too large\n", argv[0]);
- st->ecnt++;
- return true;
- }
- #ifdef DEBUG
- printf("min: " INT64_FORMAT " max: " INT64_FORMAT " random: " INT64_FORMAT "\n", min, max, getrand(thread, min, max));
- #endif
- snprintf(res, sizeof(res), INT64_FORMAT, getrand(thread, min, max));
- if (!putVariable(st, argv[0], argv[1], res))
- {
- st->ecnt++;
- return true;
- }
- st->listen = 1;
- }
- else if (pg_strcasecmp(argv[0], "set") == 0)
- {
- char *var;
- int64 ope1,
- ope2;
- char res[64];
- if (*argv[2] == ':')
- {
- if ((var = getVariable(st, argv[2] + 1)) == NULL)
- {
- fprintf(stderr, "%s: undefined variable %s\n", argv[0], argv[2]);
- st->ecnt++;
- return true;
- }
- ope1 = strtoint64(var);
- }
- else
- ope1 = strtoint64(argv[2]);
- if (argc < 5)
- snprintf(res, sizeof(res), INT64_FORMAT, ope1);
- else
- {
- if (*argv[4] == ':')
- {
- if ((var = getVariable(st, argv[4] + 1)) == NULL)
- {
- fprintf(stderr, "%s: undefined variable %s\n", argv[0], argv[4]);
- st->ecnt++;
- return true;
- }
- ope2 = strtoint64(var);
- }
- else
- ope2 = strtoint64(argv[4]);
- if (strcmp(argv[3], "+") == 0)
- snprintf(res, sizeof(res), INT64_FORMAT, ope1 + ope2);
- else if (strcmp(argv[3], "-") == 0)
- snprintf(res, sizeof(res), INT64_FORMAT, ope1 - ope2);
- else if (strcmp(argv[3], "*") == 0)
- snprintf(res, sizeof(res), INT64_FORMAT, ope1 * ope2);
- else if (strcmp(argv[3], "/") == 0)
- {
- if (ope2 == 0)
- {
- fprintf(stderr, "%s: division by zero\n", argv[0]);
- st->ecnt++;
- return true;
- }
- snprintf(res, sizeof(res), INT64_FORMAT, ope1 / ope2);
- }
- else
- {
- fprintf(stderr, "%s: unsupported operator %s\n", argv[0], argv[3]);
- st->ecnt++;
- return true;
- }
- }
- if (!putVariable(st, argv[0], argv[1], res))
- {
- st->ecnt++;
- return true;
- }
- st->listen = 1;
- }
- else if (pg_strcasecmp(argv[0], "sleep") == 0)
- {
- char *var;
- int usec;
- instr_time now;
- if (*argv[1] == ':')
- {
- if ((var = getVariable(st, argv[1] + 1)) == NULL)
- {
- fprintf(stderr, "%s: undefined variable %s\n", argv[0], argv[1]);
- st->ecnt++;
- return true;
- }
- usec = atoi(var);
- }
- else
- usec = atoi(argv[1]);
- if (argc > 2)
- {
- if (pg_strcasecmp(argv[2], "ms") == 0)
- usec *= 1000;
- else if (pg_strcasecmp(argv[2], "s") == 0)
- usec *= 1000000;
- }
- else
- usec *= 1000000;
- INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(now);
- st->until = INSTR_TIME_GET_MICROSEC(now) + usec;
- st->sleeping = 1;
- st->listen = 1;
- }
- else if (pg_strcasecmp(argv[0], "setshell") == 0)
- {
- bool ret = runShellCommand(st, argv[1], argv + 2, argc - 2);
- if (timer_exceeded) /* timeout */
- return clientDone(st, true);
- else if (!ret) /* on error */
- {
- st->ecnt++;
- return true;
- }
- else /* succeeded */
- st->listen = 1;
- }
- else if (pg_strcasecmp(argv[0], "shell") == 0)
- {
- bool ret = runShellCommand(st, NULL, argv + 1, argc - 1);
- if (timer_exceeded) /* timeout */
- return clientDone(st, true);
- else if (!ret) /* on error */
- {
- st->ecnt++;
- return true;
- }
- else /* succeeded */
- st->listen = 1;
- }
- goto top;
- }
- return true;
- }
- /* discard connections */
- static void
- disconnect_all(CState *state, int length)
- {
- int i;
- for (i = 0; i < length; i++)
- {
- if (state[i].con)
- {
- PQfinish(state[i].con);
- state[i].con = NULL;
- }
- }
- }
- /* create tables and setup data */
- static void
- init(bool is_no_vacuum)
- {
- /*
- * The scale factor at/beyond which 32-bit integers are insufficient for
- * storing TPC-B account IDs.
- *
- * Although the actual threshold is 21474, we use 20000 because it is easier to
- * document and remember, and isn't that far away from the real threshold.
- */
- #define SCALE_32BIT_THRESHOLD 20000
- /*
- * Note: TPC-B requires at least 100 bytes per row, and the "filler"
- * fields in these table declarations were intended to comply with that.
- * The pgbench_accounts table complies with that because the "filler"
- * column is set to blank-padded empty string. But for all other tables
- * the columns default to NULL and so don't actually take any space. We
- * could fix that by giving them non-null default values. However, that
- * would completely break comparability of pgbench results with prior
- * versions. Since pgbench has never pretended to be fully TPC-B compliant
- * anyway, we stick with the historical behavior.
- */
- struct ddlinfo
- {
- const char *table; /* table name */
- const char *smcols; /* column decls if accountIDs are 32 bits */
- const char *bigcols; /* column decls if accountIDs are 64 bits */
- int declare_fillfactor;
- };
- static const struct ddlinfo DDLs[] = {
- {
- "pgbench_history",
- "tid int,bid int,aid int,delta int,mtime timestamp,filler char(22)",
- "tid int,bid int,aid bigint,delta int,mtime timestamp,filler char(22)",
- 0
- },
- {
- "pgbench_tellers",
- "tid int not null,bid int,tbalance int,filler char(84)",
- "tid int not null,bid int,tbalance int,filler char(84)",
- 1
- },
- {
- "pgbench_accounts",
- "aid int not null,bid int,abalance int,filler char(84)",
- "aid bigint not null,bid int,abalance int,filler char(84)",
- 1
- },
- {
- "pgbench_branches",
- "bid int not null,bbalance int,filler char(88)",
- "bid int not null,bbalance int,filler char(88)",
- 1
- }
- };
- static const char *const DDLINDEXes[] = {
- "alter table pgbench_branches add primary key (bid)",
- "alter table pgbench_tellers add primary key (tid)",
- "alter table pgbench_accounts add primary key (aid)"
- };
- static const char *const DDLKEYs[] = {
- "alter table pgbench_tellers add foreign key (bid) references pgbench_branches",
- "alter table pgbench_accounts add foreign key (bid) references pgbench_branches",
- "alter table pgbench_history add foreign key (bid) references pgbench_branches",
- "alter table pgbench_history add foreign key (tid) references pgbench_tellers",
- "alter table pgbench_history add foreign key (aid) references pgbench_accounts"
- };
- PGconn *con;
- PGresult *res;
- char sql[256];
- int i;
- int64 k;
- /* used to track elapsed time and estimate of the remaining time */
- instr_time start,
- diff;
- double elapsed_sec,
- remaining_sec;
- int log_interval = 1;
- if ((con = doConnect()) == NULL)
- exit(1);
- for (i = 0; i < lengthof(DDLs); i++)
- {
- char opts[256];
- char buffer[256];
- const struct ddlinfo *ddl = &DDLs[i];
- const char *cols;
- /* Remove old table, if it exists. */
- snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "drop table if exists %s", ddl->table);
- executeStatement(con, buffer);
- /* Construct new create table statement. */
- opts[0] = '\0';
- if (ddl->declare_fillfactor)
- snprintf(opts + strlen(opts), sizeof(opts) - strlen(opts),
- " with (fillfactor=%d)", fillfactor);
- if (tablespace != NULL)
- {
- char *escape_tablespace;
- escape_tablespace = PQescapeIdentifier(con, tablespace,
- strlen(tablespace));
- snprintf(opts + strlen(opts), sizeof(opts) - strlen(opts),
- " tablespace %s", escape_tablespace);
- PQfreemem(escape_tablespace);
- }
- cols = (scale >= SCALE_32BIT_THRESHOLD) ? ddl->bigcols : ddl->smcols;
- snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "create%s table %s(%s)%s",
- unlogged_tables ? " unlogged" : "",
- ddl->table, cols, opts);
- executeStatement(con, buffer);
- }
- executeStatement(con, "begin");
- for (i = 0; i < nbranches * scale; i++)
- {
- /* "filler" column defaults to NULL */
- snprintf(sql, sizeof(sql),
- "insert into pgbench_branches(bid,bbalance) values(%d,0)",
- i + 1);
- executeStatement(con, sql);
- }
- for (i = 0; i < ntellers * scale; i++)
- {
- /* "filler" column defaults to NULL */
- snprintf(sql, sizeof(sql),
- "insert into pgbench_tellers(tid,bid,tbalance) values (%d,%d,0)",
- i + 1, i / ntellers + 1);
- executeStatement(con, sql);
- }
- executeStatement(con, "commit");
- /*
- * fill the pgbench_accounts table with some data
- */
- fprintf(stderr, "creating tables...\n");
- executeStatement(con, "begin");
- executeStatement(con, "truncate pgbench_accounts");
- res = PQexec(con, "copy pgbench_accounts from stdin");
- if (PQresultStatus(res) != PGRES_COPY_IN)
- {
- fprintf(stderr, "%s", PQerrorMessage(con));
- exit(1);
- }
- PQclear(res);
- INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(start);
- for (k = 0; k < (int64) naccounts * scale; k++)
- {
- int64 j = k + 1;
- /* "filler" column defaults to blank padded empty string */
- snprintf(sql, sizeof(sql),
- INT64_FORMAT "\t" INT64_FORMAT "\t%d\t\n",
- j, k / naccounts + 1, 0);
- if (PQputline(con, sql))
- {
- fprintf(stderr, "PQputline failed\n");
- exit(1);
- }
- /*
- * If we want to stick with the original logging, print a message each
- * 100k inserted rows.
- */
- if ((!use_quiet) && (j % 100000 == 0))
- {
- INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(diff);
- INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(diff, start);
- elapsed_sec = INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(diff);
- remaining_sec = ((double) scale * naccounts - j) * elapsed_sec / j;
- fprintf(stderr, INT64_FORMAT " of " INT64_FORMAT " tuples (%d%%) done (elapsed %.2f s, remaining %.2f s).\n",
- j, (int64) naccounts * scale,
- (int) (((int64) j * 100) / (naccounts * (int64) scale)),
- elapsed_sec, remaining_sec);
- }
- /* let's not call the timing for each row, but only each 100 rows */
- else if (use_quiet && (j % 100 == 0))
- {
- INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(diff);
- INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(diff, start);
- elapsed_sec = INSTR_TIME_GET_DOUBLE(diff);
- remaining_sec = ((double) scale * naccounts - j) * elapsed_sec / j;
- /* have we reached the next interval (or end)? */
- if ((j == scale * naccounts) || (elapsed_sec >= log_interval * LOG_STEP_SECONDS))
- {
- fprintf(stderr, INT64_FORMAT " of " INT64_FORMAT " tuples (%d%%) done (elapsed %.2f s, remaining %.2f s).\n",
- j, (int64) naccounts * scale,
- (int) (((int64) j * 100) / (naccounts * (int64) scale)), elapsed_sec, remaining_sec);
- /* skip to the next interval */
- log_interval = (int) ceil(elapsed_sec / LOG_STEP_SECONDS);
- }
- }
- }
- if (PQputline(con, "\\.\n"))
- {
- fprintf(stderr, "very last PQputline failed\n");
- exit(1);
- }
- if (PQendcopy(con))
- {
- fprintf(stderr, "PQendcopy failed\n");
- exit(1);
- }
- executeStatement(con, "commit");
- /* vacuum */
- if (!is_no_vacuum)
- {
- fprintf(stderr, "vacuum...\n");
- executeStatement(con, "vacuum analyze pgbench_branches");
- executeStatement(con, "vacuum analyze pgbench_tellers");
- executeStatement(con, "vacuum analyze pgbench_accounts");
- executeStatement(con, "vacuum analyze pgbench_history");
- }
- /*
- * create indexes
- */
- fprintf(stderr, "set primary keys...\n");
- for (i = 0; i < lengthof(DDLINDEXes); i++)
- {
- char buffer[256];
- strlcpy(buffer, DDLINDEXes[i], sizeof(buffer));
- if (index_tablespace != NULL)
- {
- char *escape_tablespace;
- escape_tablespace = PQescapeIdentifier(con, index_tablespace,
- strlen(index_tablespace));
- snprintf(buffer + strlen(buffer), sizeof(buffer) - strlen(buffer),
- " using index tablespace %s", escape_tablespace);
- PQfreemem(escape_tablespace);
- }
- executeStatement(con, buffer);
- }
- /*
- * create foreign keys
- */
- if (foreign_keys)
- {
- fprintf(stderr, "set foreign keys...\n");
- for (i = 0; i < lengthof(DDLKEYs); i++)
- {
- executeStatement(con, DDLKEYs[i]);
- }
- }
- fprintf(stderr, "done.\n");
- PQfinish(con);
- }
- /*
- * Parse the raw sql and replace :param to $n.
- */
- static bool
- parseQuery(Command *cmd, const char *raw_sql)
- {
- char *sql,
- *p;
- sql = pg_strdup(raw_sql);
- cmd->argc = 1;
- p = sql;
- while ((p = strchr(p, ':')) != NULL)
- {
- char var[12];
- char *name;
- int eaten;
- name = parseVariable(p, &eaten);
- if (name == NULL)
- {
- while (*p == ':')
- {
- p++;
- }
- continue;
- }
- if (cmd->argc >= MAX_ARGS)
- {
- fprintf(stderr, "statement has too many arguments (maximum is %d): %s\n", MAX_ARGS - 1, raw_sql);
- return false;
- }
- sprintf(var, "$%d", cmd->argc);
- p = replaceVariable(&sql, p, eaten, var);
- cmd->argv[cmd->argc] = name;
- cmd->argc++;
- }
- cmd->argv[0] = sql;
- return true;
- }
- /* Parse a command; return a Command struct, or NULL if it's a comment */
- static Command *
- process_commands(char *buf)
- {
- const char delim[] = " \f\n\r\t\v";
- Command *my_commands;
- int j;
- char *p,
- *tok;
- /* Make the string buf end at the next newline */
- if ((p = strchr(buf, '\n')) != NULL)
- *p = '\0';
- /* Skip leading whitespace */
- p = buf;
- while (isspace((unsigned char) *p))
- p++;
- /* If the line is empty or actually a comment, we're done */
- if (*p == '\0' || strncmp(p, "--", 2) == 0)
- return NULL;
- /* Allocate and initialize Command structure */
- my_commands = (Command *) pg_malloc(sizeof(Command));
- my_commands->line = pg_strdup(buf);
- my_commands->command_num = num_commands++;
- my_commands->type = 0; /* until set */
- my_commands->argc = 0;
- if (*p == '\\')
- {
- my_commands->type = META_COMMAND;
- j = 0;
- tok = strtok(++p, delim);
- while (tok != NULL)
- {
- my_commands->argv[j++] = pg_strdup(tok);
- my_commands->argc++;
- tok = strtok(NULL, delim);
- }
- if (pg_strcasecmp(my_commands->argv[0], "setrandom") == 0)
- {
- if (my_commands->argc < 4)
- {
- fprintf(stderr, "%s: missing argument\n", my_commands->argv[0]);
- exit(1);
- }
- for (j = 4; j < my_commands->argc; j++)
- fprintf(stderr, "%s: extra argument \"%s\" ignored\n",
- my_commands->argv[0], my_commands->argv[j]);
- }
- else if (pg_strcasecmp(my_commands->argv[0], "set") == 0)
- {
- if (my_commands->argc < 3)
- …
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