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/wrfv2_fire/phys/module_mp_etanew.F

http://github.com/jbeezley/wrf-fire
FORTRAN Legacy | 2675 lines | 1273 code | 68 blank | 1334 comment | 1 complexity | 8ae618e33a201896565cf54034d178fc MD5 | raw file
Possible License(s): AGPL-1.0 
    

  1. !WRF:MODEL_MP:PHYSICS
    2. 

  2. !
    3. 

  3. MODULE module_mp_etanew
    4. 

  4. !
    5. 

  5. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    6. 

  6.       REAL,PRIVATE,SAVE ::  ABFR, CBFR, CIACW, CIACR, C_N0r0,           &
    7. 

  7.      &  CN0r0, CN0r_DMRmin, CN0r_DMRmax, CRACW, CRAUT, ESW0,            &
    8. 

  8.      &  RFmax, RQR_DR1, RQR_DR2, RQR_DR3, RQR_DRmin,                    &
    9. 

  9.      &  RQR_DRmax, RR_DRmin, RR_DR1, RR_DR2, RR_DR3, RR_DR4,            &
    10. 

  10.      &  RR_DR5, RR_DRmax
    11. 

  11. !
    12. 

  12.       INTEGER, PRIVATE,PARAMETER :: MY_T1=1, MY_T2=35
    13. 

  13.       REAL,PRIVATE,DIMENSION(MY_T1:MY_T2),SAVE :: MY_GROWTH
    14. 

  14. !
    15. 

  15.       REAL, PRIVATE,PARAMETER :: DMImin=.05e-3, DMImax=1.e-3,           &
    16. 

  16.      &      DelDMI=1.e-6,XMImin=1.e6*DMImin
    17. 

  17.       INTEGER, PUBLIC,PARAMETER :: XMImax=1.e6*DMImax, XMIexp=.0536,    &
    18. 

  18.      &                             MDImin=XMImin, MDImax=XMImax
    19. 

  19.       REAL, PRIVATE,DIMENSION(MDImin:MDImax) ::                         &
    20. 

  20.      &      ACCRI,SDENS,VSNOWI,VENTI1,VENTI2
    21. 

  21. !
    22. 

  22.       REAL, PRIVATE,PARAMETER :: DMRmin=.05e-3, DMRmax=1.e-3,          &
    23. 

  23.      &      DelDMR=1.e-6,XMRmin=1.e6*DMRmin, XMRmax=1.e6*DMRmax
    24. 

  24.       INTEGER, PRIVATE,PARAMETER :: MDRmin=XMRmin, MDRmax=XMRmax                   
    25. 

  25.       REAL, PRIVATE,DIMENSION(MDRmin:MDRmax)::                          &
    26. 

  26.      &      ACCRR,MASSR,RRATE,VRAIN,VENTR1,VENTR2
    27. 

  27. !
    28. 

  28.       INTEGER, PRIVATE,PARAMETER :: Nrime=40
    29. 

  29.       REAL, DIMENSION(2:9,0:Nrime),PRIVATE,SAVE :: VEL_RF
    30. 

  30. !
    31. 

  31.       INTEGER,PARAMETER :: NX=7501
    32. 

  32.       REAL, PARAMETER :: XMIN=180.0,XMAX=330.0
    33. 

  33.       REAL, DIMENSION(NX),SAVE :: TBPVS,TBPVS0
    34. 

  34.       REAL, SAVE :: C1XPVS0,C2XPVS0,C1XPVS,C2XPVS
    35. 

  35. !
    36. 

  36.       REAL, PRIVATE,PARAMETER ::                                        &
    37. 

  37. !--- Physical constants follow:
    38. 

  38.      &   CP=1004.6, EPSQ=1.E-12, GRAV=9.806, RHOL=1000., RD=287.04      &
    39. 

  39.      &  ,RV=461.5, T0C=273.15, XLS=2.834E6                              &
    40. 

  40. !--- Derived physical constants follow:
    41. 

  41.      &  ,EPS=RD/RV, EPS1=RV/RD-1., EPSQ1=1.001*EPSQ                     &
    42. 

  42.      &  ,RCP=1./CP, RCPRV=RCP/RV, RGRAV=1./GRAV, RRHOL=1./RHOL          &
    43. 

  43.      &  ,XLS1=XLS*RCP, XLS2=XLS*XLS*RCPRV, XLS3=XLS*XLS/RV              &
    44. 

  44. !--- Constants specific to the parameterization follow:
    45. 

  45. !--- CLIMIT/CLIMIT1 are lower limits for treating accumulated precipitation
    46. 

  46.      &  ,CLIMIT=10.*EPSQ, CLIMIT1=-CLIMIT                               &
    47. 

  47.      &  ,C1=1./3.                                                       &
    48. 

  48.      &  ,DMR1=.1E-3, DMR2=.2E-3, DMR3=.32E-3, DMR4=0.45E-3              &
    49. 

  49.      &  ,DMR5=0.67E-3                                                   &
    50. 

  50.      &  ,XMR1=1.e6*DMR1, XMR2=1.e6*DMR2, XMR3=1.e6*DMR3                 &
    51. 

  51.      &  ,XMR4=1.e6*DMR4, XMR5=1.e6*DMR5
    52. 

  52. !
    53. 

  53.       INTEGER, PARAMETER :: MDR1=XMR1, MDR2=XMR2, MDR3=XMR3, MDR4=XMR4  &
    54. 

  54.      &  , MDR5=XMR5
    55. 

  55. !
    56. 

  56. ! ======================================================================
    57. 

  57. !--- Important tunable parameters that are exported to other modules
    58. 

  58. !  * RHgrd - threshold relative humidity for onset of condensation
    59. 

  59. !  * T_ICE - temperature (C) threshold at which all remaining liquid water
    60. 

  60. !            is glaciated to ice
    61. 

  61. !  * T_ICE_init - maximum temperature (C) at which ice nucleation occurs
    62. 

  62. !  * NLImax - maximum number concentrations (m**-3) of large ice (snow/graupel/sleet) 
    63. 

  63. !  * NLImin - minimum number concentrations (m**-3) of large ice (snow/graupel/sleet) 
    64. 

  64. !  * N0r0 - assumed intercept (m**-4) of rain drops if drop diameters are between 0.2 and 1.0 mm
    65. 

  65. !  * N0rmin - minimum intercept (m**-4) for rain drops 
    66. 

  66. !  * NCW - number concentrations of cloud droplets (m**-3)
    67. 

  67. !  * FLARGE1, FLARGE2 - number fraction of large ice to total (large+snow) ice 
    68. 

  68. !          at T>0C and in presence of sublimation (FLARGE1), otherwise in
    69. 

  69. !          presence of ice saturated/supersaturated conditions
    70. 

  70. ! ======================================================================
    71. 

  71.       REAL, PUBLIC,PARAMETER ::                                         &
    72. 

  72.      &  RHgrd=1.                                                        &
    73. 

  73.      & ,T_ICE=-40.                                                      &
    74. 

  74.      & ,T_ICEK=T0C+T_ICE                                                &
    75. 

  75.      & ,T_ICE_init=-5.                                                  &
    76. 

  76.      & ,NLImax=5.E3                                                     &
    77. 

  77.      & ,NLImin=1.E3                                                     &
    78. 

  78.      & ,N0r0=8.E6                                                       &
    79. 

  79.      & ,N0rmin=1.E4                                                     &
    80. 

  80.      & ,NCW=250.E6                                                      &
    81. 

  81.      & ,FLARGE1=1.                                                      &
    82. 

  82.      & ,FLARGE2=.2
    83. 

  83. !--- Other public variables passed to other routines:
    84. 

  84.       REAL,PUBLIC,SAVE ::  QAUT0
    85. 

  85.       REAL, PUBLIC,DIMENSION(MDImin:MDImax) :: MASSI
    86. 

  86. !
    87. 

  87. !
    88. 

  88.       CONTAINS
    89. 

  89. 

  90. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    91. 

  91. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    92. 

  92.       SUBROUTINE ETAMP_NEW (itimestep,DT,DX,DY,                         &
    93. 

  93.      &                      dz8w,rho_phy,p_phy,pi_phy,th_phy,qv,qt,     &
    94. 

  94.      &                      LOWLYR,SR,                                  &
    95. 

  95.      &                      F_ICE_PHY,F_RAIN_PHY,F_RIMEF_PHY,           &
    96. 

  96.      &                      QC,QR,QS,                                   &
    97. 

  97.      &                      mp_restart_state,tbpvs_state,tbpvs0_state,  &
    98. 

  98.      &                      RAINNC,RAINNCV,                             &
    99. 

  99.      &                      ids,ide, jds,jde, kds,kde,		        &
    100. 

  100.      &                      ims,ime, jms,jme, kms,kme,		        &
    101. 

  101.      &                      its,ite, jts,jte, kts,kte )
    102. 

  102. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    103. 

  103.       IMPLICIT NONE
    104. 

  104. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    105. 

  105.       INTEGER, PARAMETER :: ITLO=-60, ITHI=40
    106. 

  106. 

  107.       INTEGER,INTENT(IN) :: IDS,IDE,JDS,JDE,KDS,KDE                     &
    108. 

  108.      &                     ,IMS,IME,JMS,JME,KMS,KME                     &
    109. 

  109.      &                     ,ITS,ITE,JTS,JTE,KTS,KTE                     &
    110. 

  110.      &                     ,ITIMESTEP
    111. 

  111. 

  112.       REAL, INTENT(IN) 	    :: DT,DX,DY
    113. 

  113.       REAL, INTENT(IN),     DIMENSION(ims:ime, kms:kme, jms:jme)::      &
    114. 

  114.      &                      dz8w,p_phy,pi_phy,rho_phy
    115. 

  115.       REAL, INTENT(INOUT),  DIMENSION(ims:ime, kms:kme, jms:jme)::      &
    116. 

  116.      &                      th_phy,qv,qt
    117. 

  117.       REAL, INTENT(INOUT),  DIMENSION(ims:ime, kms:kme, jms:jme ) ::    &
    118. 

  118.      &                      qc,qr,qs
    119. 

  119.       REAL, INTENT(INOUT),  DIMENSION(ims:ime, kms:kme, jms:jme ) ::    &
    120. 

  120.      &                      F_ICE_PHY,F_RAIN_PHY,F_RIMEF_PHY
    121. 

  121.       REAL, INTENT(INOUT),  DIMENSION(ims:ime,jms:jme)           ::     &
    122. 

  122.      &                                                   RAINNC,RAINNCV
    123. 

  123.       REAL, INTENT(OUT),    DIMENSION(ims:ime,jms:jme):: SR
    124. 

  124. !
    125. 

  125.       REAL,DIMENSION(*),INTENT(INOUT) :: MP_RESTART_STATE
    126. 

  126. !
    127. 

  127.       REAL,DIMENSION(nx),INTENT(INOUT) :: TBPVS_STATE,TBPVS0_STATE
    128. 

  128. !
    129. 

  129.       INTEGER, DIMENSION( ims:ime, jms:jme ),INTENT(INOUT) :: LOWLYR
    130. 

  130. 

  131. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    132. 

  132. !     LOCAL VARS
    133. 

  133. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    134. 

  134. 

  135. !     NSTATS,QMAX,QTOT are diagnostic vars
    136. 

  136. 

  137.       INTEGER,DIMENSION(ITLO:ITHI,4) :: NSTATS
    138. 

  138.       REAL,   DIMENSION(ITLO:ITHI,5) :: QMAX
    139. 

  139.       REAL,   DIMENSION(ITLO:ITHI,22):: QTOT
    140. 

  140. 

  141. !     SOME VARS WILL BE USED FOR DATA ASSIMILATION (DON'T NEED THEM NOW). 
    142. 

  142. !     THEY ARE TREATED AS LOCAL VARS, BUT WILL BECOME STATE VARS IN THE 
    143. 

  143. !     FUTURE. SO, WE DECLARED THEM AS MEMORY SIZES FOR THE FUTURE USE
    144. 

  144. 

  145. !     TLATGS_PHY,TRAIN_PHY,APREC,PREC,ACPREC,SR are not directly related 
    146. 

  146. !     the microphysics scheme. Instead, they will be used by Eta precip 
    147. 

  147. !     assimilation.
    148. 

  148. 

  149.       REAL,  DIMENSION( ims:ime, kms:kme, jms:jme ) ::                  &
    150. 

  150.      &       TLATGS_PHY,TRAIN_PHY
    151. 

  151.       REAL,  DIMENSION(ims:ime,jms:jme):: APREC,PREC,ACPREC
    152. 

  152.       REAL,  DIMENSION(its:ite, kts:kte, jts:jte):: t_phy
    153. 

  153. 

  154.       INTEGER :: I,J,K,KFLIP
    155. 

  155.       REAL :: WC
    156. 

  156. !
    157. 

  157. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    158. 

  158. !**********************************************************************
    159. 

  159. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    160. 

  160. !
    161. 

  161.       MY_GROWTH(MY_T1:MY_T2)=MP_RESTART_STATE(MY_T1:MY_T2)
    162. 

  162. !
    163. 

  163.       C1XPVS0=MP_RESTART_STATE(MY_T2+1)
    164. 

  164.       C2XPVS0=MP_RESTART_STATE(MY_T2+2)
    165. 

  165.       C1XPVS =MP_RESTART_STATE(MY_T2+3)
    166. 

  166.       C2XPVS =MP_RESTART_STATE(MY_T2+4)
    167. 

  167.       CIACW  =MP_RESTART_STATE(MY_T2+5)
    168. 

  168.       CIACR  =MP_RESTART_STATE(MY_T2+6)
    169. 

  169.       CRACW  =MP_RESTART_STATE(MY_T2+7)
    170. 

  170.       CRAUT  =MP_RESTART_STATE(MY_T2+8)
    171. 

  171. !
    172. 

  172.       TBPVS(1:NX) =TBPVS_STATE(1:NX)
    173. 

  173.       TBPVS0(1:NX)=TBPVS0_STATE(1:NX)
    174. 

  174. !
    175. 

  175.       DO j = jts,jte
    176. 

  176.       DO k = kts,kte
    177. 

  177.       DO i = its,ite
    178. 

  178.         t_phy(i,k,j) = th_phy(i,k,j)*pi_phy(i,k,j)
    179. 

  179.         qv(i,k,j)=qv(i,k,j)/(1.+qv(i,k,j)) !Convert to specific humidity
    180. 

  180.       ENDDO
    181. 

  181.       ENDDO
    182. 

  182.       ENDDO
    183. 

  183. 

  184. !     initial diagnostic variables and data assimilation vars
    185. 

  185. !     (will need to delete this part in the future)
    186. 

  186. 

  187.       DO k = 1,4
    188. 

  188.       DO i = ITLO,ITHI
    189. 

  189.          NSTATS(i,k)=0. 
    190. 

  190.       ENDDO
    191. 

  191.       ENDDO
    192. 

  192. 

  193.       DO k = 1,5
    194. 

  194.       DO i = ITLO,ITHI
    195. 

  195.          QMAX(i,k)=0.
    196. 

  196.       ENDDO
    197. 

  197.       ENDDO
    198. 

  198. 

  199.       DO k = 1,22
    200. 

  200.       DO i = ITLO,ITHI
    201. 

  201.          QTOT(i,k)=0.
    202. 

  202.       ENDDO
    203. 

  203.       ENDDO
    204. 

  204. 

  205. ! initial data assimilation vars (will need to delete this part in the future)
    206. 

  206. 

  207.       DO j = jts,jte
    208. 

  208.       DO k = kts,kte
    209. 

  209.       DO i = its,ite
    210. 

  210. 	 TLATGS_PHY (i,k,j)=0.
    211. 

  211. 	 TRAIN_PHY  (i,k,j)=0.
    212. 

  212.       ENDDO
    213. 

  213.       ENDDO
    214. 

  214.       ENDDO
    215. 

  215. 

  216.       DO j = jts,jte
    217. 

  217.       DO i = its,ite
    218. 

  218.          ACPREC(i,j)=0.
    219. 

  219.          APREC (i,j)=0.
    220. 

  220.          PREC  (i,j)=0.
    221. 

  221.          SR    (i,j)=0.
    222. 

  222.       ENDDO
    223. 

  223.       ENDDO
    224. 

  224. 

  225. !-- NOTE:  ARW QT has been advected, while QR, QS and QC have not
    226. 

  226. !
    227. 

  227. !-- Update QT, F_ice, F_rain arrays for WRF NMM only
    228. 

  228. 

  229. #if (NMM_CORE==1)
    230. 

  230. !
    231. 

  231. !-- NOTE:  The total ice array in this code is "QS" because the vast
    232. 

  232. !          majority of the ice mass is in the form of snow, and using
    233. 

  233. !          the "QS" array should result in better coupling with the
    234. 

  234. !          Dudhia SW package.  NMM calls microphysics after other 
    235. 

  235. !          physics, so use updated QR, QS and QC to update QT array.
    236. 

  236. !
    237. 

  237.       DO j = jts,jte
    238. 

  238.       DO k = kts,kte
    239. 

  239.       DO i = its,ite
    240. 

  240.          QT(I,K,J)=QC(I,K,J)+QR(I,K,J)+QS(I,K,J)
    241. 

  241.          IF (QS(I,K,J) <= EPSQ) THEN
    242. 

  242.             F_ICE_PHY(I,K,J)=0.
    243. 

  243.             IF (T_PHY(I,K,J) < T_ICEK) F_ICE_PHY(I,K,J)=1.
    244. 

  244.          ELSE
    245. 

  245.             F_ICE_PHY(I,K,J)=MAX( 0., MIN(1., QS(I,K,J)/QT(I,K,J) ) )
    246. 

  246.          ENDIF
    247. 

  247.          IF (QR(I,K,J) <= EPSQ) THEN
    248. 

  248.             F_RAIN_PHY(I,K,J)=0.
    249. 

  249.          ELSE
    250. 

  250.             F_RAIN_PHY(I,K,J)=QR(I,K,J)/(QC(I,K,J)+QR(I,K,J))
    251. 

  251.          ENDIF
    252. 

  252.       ENDDO
    253. 

  253.       ENDDO
    254. 

  254.       ENDDO
    255. 

  255. #endif
    256. 

  256. 

  257. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    258. 

  258. 

  259.       CALL EGCP01DRV(DT,LOWLYR,                                         &
    260. 

  260.      &               APREC,PREC,ACPREC,SR,NSTATS,QMAX,QTOT,	        &
    261. 

  261.      &               dz8w,rho_phy,qt,t_phy,qv,F_ICE_PHY,P_PHY,          &
    262. 

  262.      &               F_RAIN_PHY,F_RIMEF_PHY,TLATGS_PHY,TRAIN_PHY,       &
    263. 

  263.      &               ids,ide, jds,jde, kds,kde,		                &
    264. 

  264.      &               ims,ime, jms,jme, kms,kme,		                &
    265. 

  265.      &               its,ite, jts,jte, kts,kte		          )
    266. 

  266. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    267. 

  267. 

  268.      DO j = jts,jte
    269. 

  269.         DO k = kts,kte
    270. 

  270. 	DO i = its,ite
    271. 

  271.   	   th_phy(i,k,j) = t_phy(i,k,j)/pi_phy(i,k,j)
    272. 

  272.            qv(i,k,j)=qv(i,k,j)/(1.-qv(i,k,j))  !Convert to mixing ratio
    273. 

  273.            WC=qt(I,K,J)
    274. 

  274.            QS(I,K,J)=0.
    275. 

  275.            QR(I,K,J)=0.
    276. 

  276.            QC(I,K,J)=0.
    277. 

  277.            IF(F_ICE_PHY(I,K,J)>=1.)THEN
    278. 

  278.              QS(I,K,J)=WC
    279. 

  279.            ELSEIF(F_ICE_PHY(I,K,J)<=0.)THEN
    280. 

  280.              QC(I,K,J)=WC
    281. 

  281.            ELSE
    282. 

  282.              QS(I,K,J)=F_ICE_PHY(I,K,J)*WC
    283. 

  283.              QC(I,K,J)=WC-QS(I,K,J)
    284. 

  284.            ENDIF
    285. 

  285. !
    286. 

  286.            IF(QC(I,K,J)>0..AND.F_RAIN_PHY(I,K,J)>0.)THEN
    287. 

  287.              IF(F_RAIN_PHY(I,K,J).GE.1.)THEN
    288. 

  288.                QR(I,K,J)=QC(I,K,J)
    289. 

  289.                QC(I,K,J)=0.
    290. 

  290.              ELSE
    291. 

  291.                QR(I,K,J)=F_RAIN_PHY(I,K,J)*QC(I,K,J)
    292. 

  292.                QC(I,K,J)=QC(I,K,J)-QR(I,K,J)
    293. 

  293.              ENDIF
    294. 

  294.            ENDIF
    295. 

  295. 	ENDDO
    296. 

  296.         ENDDO
    297. 

  297.      ENDDO
    298. 

  298. ! 
    299. 

  299. ! update rain (from m to mm)
    300. 

  300. 

  301.        DO j=jts,jte
    302. 

  302.        DO i=its,ite
    303. 

  303.           RAINNC(i,j)=APREC(i,j)*1000.+RAINNC(i,j)
    304. 

  304.           RAINNCV(i,j)=APREC(i,j)*1000.
    305. 

  305.        ENDDO
    306. 

  306.        ENDDO
    307. 

  307. !
    308. 

  308.      MP_RESTART_STATE(MY_T1:MY_T2)=MY_GROWTH(MY_T1:MY_T2)
    309. 

  309.      MP_RESTART_STATE(MY_T2+1)=C1XPVS0
    310. 

  310.      MP_RESTART_STATE(MY_T2+2)=C2XPVS0
    311. 

  311.      MP_RESTART_STATE(MY_T2+3)=C1XPVS
    312. 

  312.      MP_RESTART_STATE(MY_T2+4)=C2XPVS
    313. 

  313.      MP_RESTART_STATE(MY_T2+5)=CIACW
    314. 

  314.      MP_RESTART_STATE(MY_T2+6)=CIACR
    315. 

  315.      MP_RESTART_STATE(MY_T2+7)=CRACW
    316. 

  316.      MP_RESTART_STATE(MY_T2+8)=CRAUT
    317. 

  317. !
    318. 

  318.      TBPVS_STATE(1:NX) =TBPVS(1:NX)
    319. 

  319.      TBPVS0_STATE(1:NX)=TBPVS0(1:NX)
    320. 

  320. 

  321. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    322. 

  322. 

  323.   END SUBROUTINE ETAMP_NEW
    324. 

  324. 

  325. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    326. 

  326. 

  327.       SUBROUTINE EGCP01DRV(                                             &
    328. 

  328.      &  DTPH,LOWLYR,APREC,PREC,ACPREC,SR,                               &
    329. 

  329.      &  NSTATS,QMAX,QTOT,                                               &
    330. 

  330.      &  dz8w,RHO_PHY,CWM_PHY,T_PHY,Q_PHY,F_ICE_PHY,P_PHY,               &
    331. 

  331.      &  F_RAIN_PHY,F_RIMEF_PHY,TLATGS_PHY,TRAIN_PHY,                    &
    332. 

  332.      &  ids,ide, jds,jde, kds,kde,                                      &
    333. 

  333.      &  ims,ime, jms,jme, kms,kme,                                      &
    334. 

  334.      &  its,ite, jts,jte, kts,kte)
    335. 

  335. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    336. 

  336. ! DTPH           Physics time step (s)
    337. 

  337. ! CWM_PHY (qt)   Mixing ratio of the total condensate. kg/kg
    338. 

  338. ! Q_PHY          Mixing ratio of water vapor. kg/kg
    339. 

  339. ! F_RAIN_PHY     Fraction of rain. 
    340. 

  340. ! F_ICE_PHY      Fraction of ice.
    341. 

  341. ! F_RIMEF_PHY    Mass ratio of rimed ice (rime factor).
    342. 

  342. !
    343. 

  343. !TLATGS_PHY,TRAIN_PHY,APREC,PREC,ACPREC,SR are not directly related the
    344. 

  344. !micrphysics sechme. Instead, they will be used by Eta precip assimilation.
    345. 

  345. !
    346. 

  346. !NSTATS,QMAX,QTOT are used for diagnosis purposes.
    347. 

  347. !
    348. 

  348. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    349. 

  349. !--- Variables APREC,PREC,ACPREC,SR are calculated for precip assimilation
    350. 

  350. !    and/or ZHAO's scheme in Eta and are not required by this microphysics 
    351. 

  351. !    scheme itself.  
    352. 

  352. !--- NSTATS,QMAX,QTOT are used for diagnosis purposes only.  They will be 
    353. 

  353. !    printed out when PRINT_diag is true.
    354. 

  354. !
    355. 

  355. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    356. 

  356.       IMPLICIT NONE
    357. 

  357. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    358. 

  358. !
    359. 

  359.       INTEGER, PARAMETER :: ITLO=-60, ITHI=40
    360. 

  360.       LOGICAL, PARAMETER :: PRINT_diag=.FALSE.
    361. 

  361. !     VARIABLES PASSED IN/OUT
    362. 

  362.       INTEGER,INTENT(IN ) :: ids,ide, jds,jde, kds,kde                  &
    363. 

  363.      &                      ,ims,ime, jms,jme, kms,kme                  &
    364. 

  364.      &                      ,its,ite, jts,jte, kts,kte
    365. 

  365.       REAL,INTENT(IN) :: DTPH
    366. 

  366.       INTEGER, DIMENSION( ims:ime, jms:jme ),INTENT(INOUT) :: LOWLYR
    367. 

  367.       INTEGER,DIMENSION(ITLO:ITHI,4),INTENT(INOUT) :: NSTATS
    368. 

  368.       REAL,DIMENSION(ITLO:ITHI,5),INTENT(INOUT) :: QMAX
    369. 

  369.       REAL,DIMENSION(ITLO:ITHI,22),INTENT(INOUT) :: QTOT
    370. 

  370.       REAL,DIMENSION(ims:ime,jms:jme),INTENT(INOUT) ::                  &
    371. 

  371.      &                         APREC,PREC,ACPREC,SR
    372. 

  372.       REAL,DIMENSION( its:ite, kts:kte, jts:jte ),INTENT(INOUT) :: t_phy
    373. 

  373.       REAL,DIMENSION( ims:ime, kms:kme, jms:jme ),INTENT(IN) ::         &
    374. 

  374.      &                                             dz8w,P_PHY,RHO_PHY
    375. 

  375.       REAL,DIMENSION( ims:ime, kms:kme, jms:jme ),INTENT(INOUT) ::      &
    376. 

  376.      &   CWM_PHY, F_ICE_PHY,F_RAIN_PHY,F_RIMEF_PHY,TLATGS_PHY           &
    377. 

  377.      &   ,Q_PHY,TRAIN_PHY
    378. 

  378. !
    379. 

  379. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    380. 

  380. !LOCAL VARIABLES
    381. 

  381. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    382. 

  382. !
    383. 

  383. #define CACHE_FRIENDLY_MP_ETANEW
    384. 

  384. #ifdef CACHE_FRIENDLY_MP_ETANEW
    385. 

  385. #  define TEMP_DIMS  kts:kte,its:ite,jts:jte
    386. 

  386. #  define TEMP_DEX   L,I,J
    387. 

  387. #else
    388. 

  388. #  define TEMP_DIMS  its:ite,jts:jte,kts:kte
    389. 

  389. #  define TEMP_DEX   I,J,L
    390. 

  390. #endif
    391. 

  391. !
    392. 

  392.       INTEGER :: LSFC,I,J,I_index,J_index,L,K,KFLIP
    393. 

  393.       REAL,DIMENSION(TEMP_DIMS) :: CWM,T,Q,TRAIN,TLATGS,P
    394. 

  394.       REAL,DIMENSION(kts:kte,its:ite,jts:jte) :: F_ice,F_rain,F_RimeF       
    395. 

  395.       INTEGER,DIMENSION(its:ite,jts:jte) :: LMH
    396. 

  396.       REAL :: TC,WC,QI,QR,QW,Fice,Frain,DUM,ASNOW,ARAIN
    397. 

  397.       REAL,DIMENSION(kts:kte) :: P_col,Q_col,T_col,QV_col,WC_col,       &
    398. 

  398.          RimeF_col,QI_col,QR_col,QW_col, THICK_col,DPCOL 
    399. 

  399.       REAL,DIMENSION(2) :: PRECtot,PRECmax
    400. 

  400. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    401. 

  401. !
    402. 

  402.         DO J=JTS,JTE    
    403. 

  403.         DO I=ITS,ITE  
    404. 

  404.            LMH(I,J) = KTE-LOWLYR(I,J)+1
    405. 

  405.         ENDDO
    406. 

  406.         ENDDO
    407. 

  407. 

  408.         DO 98  J=JTS,JTE    
    409. 

  409.         DO 98  I=ITS,ITE  
    410. 

  410.            DO L=KTS,KTE
    411. 

  411.              KFLIP=KTE+1-L
    412. 

  412.              CWM(TEMP_DEX)=CWM_PHY(I,KFLIP,J)
    413. 

  413.              T(TEMP_DEX)=T_PHY(I,KFLIP,J)
    414. 

  414.              Q(TEMP_DEX)=Q_PHY(I,KFLIP,J)
    415. 

  415.              P(TEMP_DEX)=P_PHY(I,KFLIP,J)
    416. 

  416.              TLATGS(TEMP_DEX)=TLATGS_PHY(I,KFLIP,J)
    417. 

  417.              TRAIN(TEMP_DEX)=TRAIN_PHY(I,KFLIP,J)
    418. 

  418.              F_ice(L,I,J)=F_ice_PHY(I,KFLIP,J)
    419. 

  419.              F_rain(L,I,J)=F_rain_PHY(I,KFLIP,J)
    420. 

  420.              F_RimeF(L,I,J)=F_RimeF_PHY(I,KFLIP,J)
    421. 

  421.            ENDDO
    422. 

  422. 98      CONTINUE
    423. 

  423.      
    424. 

  424.        DO 100 J=JTS,JTE    
    425. 

  425.         DO 100 I=ITS,ITE  
    426. 

  426.           LSFC=LMH(I,J)                      ! "L" of surface
    427. 

  427. !
    428. 

  428.           DO K=KTS,KTE
    429. 

  429.             KFLIP=KTE+1-K
    430. 

  430.             DPCOL(K)=RHO_PHY(I,KFLIP,J)*GRAV*dz8w(I,KFLIP,J)
    431. 

  431.           ENDDO
    432. 

  432. !   
    433. 

  433.    !
    434. 

  434.    !--- Initialize column data (1D arrays)
    435. 

  435.    !
    436. 

  436.         L=1
    437. 

  437.         IF (CWM(TEMP_DEX) .LE. EPSQ) CWM(TEMP_DEX)=EPSQ
    438. 

  438.           F_ice(1,I,J)=1.
    439. 

  439.           F_rain(1,I,J)=0.
    440. 

  440.           F_RimeF(1,I,J)=1.
    441. 

  441.           DO L=1,LSFC
    442. 

  442.       !
    443. 

  443.       !--- Pressure (Pa) = (Psfc-Ptop)*(ETA/ETA_sfc)+Ptop
    444. 

  444.       !
    445. 

  445.             P_col(L)=P(TEMP_DEX)
    446. 

  446.       !
    447. 

  447.       !--- Layer thickness = RHO*DZ = -DP/G = (Psfc-Ptop)*D_ETA/(G*ETA_sfc)
    448. 

  448.       !
    449. 

  449.             THICK_col(L)=DPCOL(L)*RGRAV
    450. 

  450.             T_col(L)=T(TEMP_DEX)
    451. 

  451.             TC=T_col(L)-T0C
    452. 

  452.             QV_col(L)=max(EPSQ, Q(TEMP_DEX))
    453. 

  453.             IF (CWM(TEMP_DEX) .LE. EPSQ1) THEN
    454. 

  454.               WC_col(L)=0.
    455. 

  455.               IF (TC .LT. T_ICE) THEN
    456. 

  456.                 F_ice(L,I,J)=1.
    457. 

  457.               ELSE
    458. 

  458.                 F_ice(L,I,J)=0.
    459. 

  459.               ENDIF
    460. 

  460.               F_rain(L,I,J)=0.
    461. 

  461.               F_RimeF(L,I,J)=1.
    462. 

  462.             ELSE
    463. 

  463.               WC_col(L)=CWM(TEMP_DEX)
    464. 

  464.             ENDIF
    465. 

  465.       !
    466. 

  466.       !--- Determine composition of condensate in terms of 
    467. 

  467.       !      cloud water, ice, & rain
    468. 

  468.       !
    469. 

  469.             WC=WC_col(L)
    470. 

  470.             QI=0.
    471. 

  471.             QR=0.
    472. 

  472.             QW=0.
    473. 

  473.             Fice=F_ice(L,I,J)
    474. 

  474.             Frain=F_rain(L,I,J)
    475. 

  475.             IF (Fice .GE. 1.) THEN
    476. 

  476.               QI=WC
    477. 

  477.             ELSE IF (Fice .LE. 0.) THEN
    478. 

  478.               QW=WC
    479. 

  479.             ELSE
    480. 

  480.               QI=Fice*WC
    481. 

  481.               QW=WC-QI
    482. 

  482.             ENDIF
    483. 

  483.             IF (QW.GT.0. .AND. Frain.GT.0.) THEN
    484. 

  484.               IF (Frain .GE. 1.) THEN
    485. 

  485.                 QR=QW
    486. 

  486.                 QW=0.
    487. 

  487.               ELSE
    488. 

  488.                 QR=Frain*QW
    489. 

  489.                 QW=QW-QR
    490. 

  490.               ENDIF
    491. 

  491.             ENDIF
    492. 

  492.             IF (QI .LE. 0.) F_RimeF(L,I,J)=1.
    493. 

  493.             RimeF_col(L)=F_RimeF(L,I,J)               ! (real)
    494. 

  494.             QI_col(L)=QI
    495. 

  495.             QR_col(L)=QR
    496. 

  496.             QW_col(L)=QW
    497. 

  497.           ENDDO
    498. 

  498. !
    499. 

  499. !#######################################################################
    500. 

  500.    !
    501. 

  501.    !--- Perform the microphysical calculations in this column
    502. 

  502.    !
    503. 

  503.           I_index=I
    504. 

  504.           J_index=J
    505. 

  505.        CALL EGCP01COLUMN ( ARAIN, ASNOW, DTPH, I_index, J_index, LSFC,  &
    506. 

  506.      & P_col, QI_col, QR_col, QV_col, QW_col, RimeF_col, T_col,         &
    507. 

  507.      & THICK_col, WC_col,KTS,KTE,NSTATS,QMAX,QTOT )
    508. 

  508. 

  509. 

  510.    !
    511. 

  511. !#######################################################################
    512. 

  512. !
    513. 

  513.    !
    514. 

  514.    !--- Update storage arrays
    515. 

  515.    !
    516. 

  516.           DO L=1,LSFC
    517. 

  517.             TRAIN(TEMP_DEX)=(T_col(L)-T(TEMP_DEX))/DTPH
    518. 

  518.             TLATGS(TEMP_DEX)=T_col(L)-T(TEMP_DEX)
    519. 

  519.             T(TEMP_DEX)=T_col(L)
    520. 

  520.             Q(TEMP_DEX)=QV_col(L)
    521. 

  521.             CWM(TEMP_DEX)=WC_col(L)
    522. 

  522.       !
    523. 

  523.       !--- REAL*4 array storage
    524. 

  524.       !
    525. 

  525.             IF (QI_col(L) .LE. EPSQ) THEN
    526. 

  526.               F_ice(L,I,J)=0.
    527. 

  527.               IF (T_col(L) .LT. T_ICEK) F_ice(L,I,J)=1.
    528. 

  528.               F_RimeF(L,I,J)=1.
    529. 

  529.             ELSE
    530. 

  530.               F_ice(L,I,J)=MAX( 0., MIN(1., QI_col(L)/WC_col(L)) )
    531. 

  531.               F_RimeF(L,I,J)=MAX(1., RimeF_col(L))
    532. 

  532.             ENDIF
    533. 

  533.             IF (QR_col(L) .LE. EPSQ) THEN
    534. 

  534.               DUM=0
    535. 

  535.             ELSE
    536. 

  536.               DUM=QR_col(L)/(QR_col(L)+QW_col(L))
    537. 

  537.             ENDIF
    538. 

  538.             F_rain(L,I,J)=DUM
    539. 

  539.       !
    540. 

  540.           ENDDO
    541. 

  541.    !
    542. 

  542.    !--- Update accumulated precipitation statistics
    543. 

  543.    !
    544. 

  544.    !--- Surface precipitation statistics; SR is fraction of surface 
    545. 

  545.    !    precipitation (if >0) associated with snow
    546. 

  546.    !
    547. 

  547.         APREC(I,J)=(ARAIN+ASNOW)*RRHOL       ! Accumulated surface precip (depth in m)  !<--- Ying
    548. 

  548.         PREC(I,J)=PREC(I,J)+APREC(I,J)
    549. 

  549.         ACPREC(I,J)=ACPREC(I,J)+APREC(I,J)
    550. 

  550.         IF(APREC(I,J) .LT. 1.E-8) THEN
    551. 

  551.           SR(I,J)=0.
    552. 

  552.         ELSE
    553. 

  553.           SR(I,J)=RRHOL*ASNOW/APREC(I,J)
    554. 

  554.         ENDIF
    555. 

  555.    !
    556. 

  556.    !--- Debug statistics 
    557. 

  557.    !
    558. 

  558.         IF (PRINT_diag) THEN
    559. 

  559.           PRECtot(1)=PRECtot(1)+ARAIN
    560. 

  560.           PRECtot(2)=PRECtot(2)+ASNOW
    561. 

  561.           PRECmax(1)=MAX(PRECmax(1), ARAIN)
    562. 

  562.           PRECmax(2)=MAX(PRECmax(2), ASNOW)
    563. 

  563.         ENDIF
    564. 

  564. 

  565. 

  566. !#######################################################################
    567. 

  567. !#######################################################################
    568. 

  568. !
    569. 

  569. 100   CONTINUE                          ! End "I" & "J" loops
    570. 

  570.         DO 101 J=JTS,JTE    
    571. 

  571.         DO 101 I=ITS,ITE  
    572. 

  572.            DO L=KTS,KTE
    573. 

  573.               KFLIP=KTE+1-L
    574. 

  574.              CWM_PHY(I,KFLIP,J)=CWM(TEMP_DEX)
    575. 

  575.              T_PHY(I,KFLIP,J)=T(TEMP_DEX)
    576. 

  576.              Q_PHY(I,KFLIP,J)=Q(TEMP_DEX)
    577. 

  577.              TLATGS_PHY(I,KFLIP,J)=TLATGS(TEMP_DEX)
    578. 

  578.              TRAIN_PHY(I,KFLIP,J)=TRAIN(TEMP_DEX)
    579. 

  579.              F_ice_PHY(I,KFLIP,J)=F_ice(L,I,J)
    580. 

  580.              F_rain_PHY(I,KFLIP,J)=F_rain(L,I,J)
    581. 

  581.              F_RimeF_PHY(I,KFLIP,J)=F_RimeF(L,I,J)
    582. 

  582.            ENDDO
    583. 

  583. 101     CONTINUE
    584. 

  584.       END SUBROUTINE EGCP01DRV
    585. 

  585. !
    586. 

  586. !
    587. 

  587. !###############################################################################
    588. 

  588. ! ***** VERSION OF MICROPHYSICS DESIGNED FOR HIGHER RESOLUTION MESO ETA MODEL
    589. 

  589. !       (1) Represents sedimentation by preserving a portion of the precipitation
    590. 

  590. !           through top-down integration from cloud-top.  Modified procedure to
    591. 

  591. !           Zhao and Carr (1997).
    592. 

  592. !       (2) Microphysical equations are modified to be less sensitive to time
    593. 

  593. !           steps by use of Clausius-Clapeyron equation to account for changes in
    594. 

  594. !           saturation mixing ratios in response to latent heating/cooling.  
    595. 

  595. !       (3) Prevent spurious temperature oscillations across 0C due to 
    596. 

  596. !           microphysics.
    597. 

  597. !       (4) Uses lookup tables for: calculating two different ventilation 
    598. 

  598. !           coefficients in condensation and deposition processes; accretion of
    599. 

  599. !           cloud water by precipitation; precipitation mass; precipitation rate
    600. 

  600. !           (and mass-weighted precipitation fall speeds).
    601. 

  601. !       (5) Assumes temperature-dependent variation in mean diameter of large ice
    602. 

  602. !           (Houze et al., 1979; Ryan et al., 1996).
    603. 

  603. !        -> 8/22/01: This relationship has been extended to colder temperatures
    604. 

  604. !           to parameterize smaller large-ice particles down to mean sizes of MDImin,
    605. 

  605. !           which is 50 microns reached at -55.9C.
    606. 

  606. !       (6) Attempts to differentiate growth of large and small ice, mainly for
    607. 

  607. !           improved transition from thin cirrus to thick, precipitating ice
    608. 

  608. !           anvils.
    609. 

  609. !        -> 8/22/01: This feature has been diminished by effectively adjusting to
    610. 

  610. !           ice saturation during depositional growth at temperatures colder than
    611. 

  611. !           -10C.  Ice sublimation is calculated more explicitly.  The logic is
    612. 

  612. !           that sources of are either poorly understood (e.g., nucleation for NWP) 
    613. 

  613. !           or are not represented in the Eta model (e.g., detrainment of ice from 
    614. 

  614. !           convection).  Otherwise the model is too wet compared to the radiosonde
    615. 

  615. !           observations based on 1 Feb - 18 March 2001 retrospective runs.  
    616. 

  616. !       (7) Top-down integration also attempts to treat mixed-phase processes,
    617. 

  617. !           allowing a mixture of ice and water.  Based on numerous observational
    618. 

  618. !           studies, ice growth is based on nucleation at cloud top &
    619. 

  619. !           subsequent growth by vapor deposition and riming as the ice particles 
    620. 

  620. !           fall through the cloud.  Effective nucleation rates are a function
    621. 

  621. !           of ice supersaturation following Meyers et al. (JAM, 1992).  
    622. 

  622. !        -> 8/22/01: The simulated relative humidities were far too moist compared 
    623. 

  623. !           to the rawinsonde observations.  This feature has been substantially 
    624. 

  624. !           diminished, limited to a much narrower temperature range of 0 to -10C.  
    625. 

  625. !       (8) Depositional growth of newly nucleated ice is calculated for large time
    626. 

  626. !           steps using Fig. 8 of Miller and Young (JAS, 1979), at 1 deg intervals
    627. 

  627. !           using their ice crystal masses calculated after 600 s of growth in water
    628. 

  628. !           saturated conditions.  The growth rates are normalized by time step
    629. 

  629. !           assuming 3D growth with time**1.5 following eq. (6.3) in Young (1993).
    630. 

  630. !        -> 8/22/01: This feature has been effectively limited to 0 to -10C.  
    631. 

  631. !       (9) Ice precipitation rates can increase due to increase in response to
    632. 

  632. !           cloud water riming due to (a) increased density & mass of the rimed
    633. 

  633. !           ice, and (b) increased fall speeds of rimed ice.
    634. 

  634. !        -> 8/22/01: This feature has been effectively limited to 0 to -10C.  
    635. 

  635. !###############################################################################
    636. 

  636. !###############################################################################
    637. 

  637. !
    638. 

  638.       SUBROUTINE EGCP01COLUMN ( ARAIN, ASNOW, DTPH, I_index, J_index,   &
    639. 

  639.      & LSFC, P_col, QI_col, QR_col, QV_col, QW_col, RimeF_col, T_col,   &
    640. 

  640.      & THICK_col, WC_col ,KTS,KTE,NSTATS,QMAX,QTOT)                          
    641. 

  641. !
    642. 

  642. !###############################################################################
    643. 

  643. !###############################################################################
    644. 

  644. !
    645. 

  645. !-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    646. 

  646. !----- NOTE:  Code is currently set up w/o threading!  
    647. 

  647. !-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    648. 

  648. !$$$  SUBPROGRAM DOCUMENTATION BLOCK
    649. 

  649. !                .      .    .     
    650. 

  650. ! SUBPROGRAM:  Grid-scale microphysical processes - condensation & precipitation
    651. 

  651. !   PRGRMMR: Ferrier         ORG: W/NP22     DATE: 08-2001
    652. 

  652. !   PRGRMMR: Jin  (Modification for WRF structure)
    653. 

  653. !-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    654. 

  654. ! ABSTRACT:
    655. 

  655. !   * Merges original GSCOND & PRECPD subroutines.   
    656. 

  656. !   * Code has been substantially streamlined and restructured.
    657. 

  657. !   * Exchange between water vapor & small cloud condensate is calculated using
    658. 

  658. !     the original Asai (1965, J. Japan) algorithm.  See also references to
    659. 

  659. !     Yau and Austin (1979, JAS), Rutledge and Hobbs (1983, JAS), and Tao et al.
    660. 

  660. !     (1989, MWR).  This algorithm replaces the Sundqvist et al. (1989, MWR)
    661. 

  661. !     parameterization.  
    662. 

  662. !-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    663. 

  663. !     
    664. 

  664. ! USAGE: 
    665. 

  665. !   * CALL EGCP01COLUMN FROM SUBROUTINE EGCP01DRV
    666. 

  666. !
    667. 

  667. ! INPUT ARGUMENT LIST:
    668. 

  668. !   DTPH       - physics time step (s)
    669. 

  669. !   I_index    - I index
    670. 

  670. !   J_index    - J index
    671. 

  671. !   LSFC       - Eta level of level above surface, ground
    672. 

  672. !   P_col      - vertical column of model pressure (Pa)
    673. 

  673. !   QI_col     - vertical column of model ice mixing ratio (kg/kg)
    674. 

  674. !   QR_col     - vertical column of model rain ratio (kg/kg)
    675. 

  675. !   QV_col     - vertical column of model water vapor specific humidity (kg/kg)
    676. 

  676. !   QW_col     - vertical column of model cloud water mixing ratio (kg/kg)
    677. 

  677. !   RimeF_col  - vertical column of rime factor for ice in model (ratio, defined below)
    678. 

  678. !   T_col      - vertical column of model temperature (deg K)
    679. 

  679. !   THICK_col  - vertical column of model mass thickness (density*height increment)
    680. 

  680. !   WC_col     - vertical column of model mixing ratio of total condensate (kg/kg)
    681. 

  681. !   
    682. 

  682. !
    683. 

  683. ! OUTPUT ARGUMENT LIST: 
    684. 

  684. !   ARAIN      - accumulated rainfall at the surface (kg)
    685. 

  685. !   ASNOW      - accumulated snowfall at the surface (kg)
    686. 

  686. !   QV_col     - vertical column of model water vapor specific humidity (kg/kg)
    687. 

  687. !   WC_col     - vertical column of model mixing ratio of total condensate (kg/kg)
    688. 

  688. !   QW_col     - vertical column of model cloud water mixing ratio (kg/kg)
    689. 

  689. !   QI_col     - vertical column of model ice mixing ratio (kg/kg)
    690. 

  690. !   QR_col     - vertical column of model rain ratio (kg/kg)
    691. 

  691. !   RimeF_col  - vertical column of rime factor for ice in model (ratio, defined below)
    692. 

  692. !   T_col      - vertical column of model temperature (deg K)
    693. 

  693. !     
    694. 

  694. ! OUTPUT FILES:
    695. 

  695. !     NONE
    696. 

  696. !     
    697. 

  697. ! Subprograms & Functions called:
    698. 

  698. !   * Real Function CONDENSE  - cloud water condensation
    699. 

  699. !   * Real Function DEPOSIT   - ice deposition (not sublimation)
    700. 

  700. !
    701. 

  701. ! UNIQUE: NONE
    702. 

  702. !  
    703. 

  703. ! LIBRARY: NONE
    704. 

  704. !  
    705. 

  705. ! COMMON BLOCKS:  
    706. 

  706. !     CMICRO_CONS  - key constants initialized in GSMCONST
    707. 

  707. !     CMICRO_STATS - accumulated and maximum statistics
    708. 

  708. !     CMY_GROWTH   - lookup table for growth of ice crystals in 
    709. 

  709. !                    water saturated conditions (Miller & Young, 1979)
    710. 

  710. !     IVENT_TABLES - lookup tables for ventilation effects of ice
    711. 

  711. !     IACCR_TABLES - lookup tables for accretion rates of ice
    712. 

  712. !     IMASS_TABLES - lookup tables for mass content of ice
    713. 

  713. !     IRATE_TABLES - lookup tables for precipitation rates of ice
    714. 

  714. !     IRIME_TABLES - lookup tables for increase in fall speed of rimed ice
    715. 

  715. !     RVENT_TABLES - lookup tables for ventilation effects of rain
    716. 

  716. !     RACCR_TABLES - lookup tables for accretion rates of rain
    717. 

  717. !     RMASS_TABLES - lookup tables for mass content of rain
    718. 

  718. !     RVELR_TABLES - lookup tables for fall speeds of rain
    719. 

  719. !     RRATE_TABLES - lookup tables for precipitation rates of rain
    720. 

  720. !   
    721. 

  721. ! ATTRIBUTES:
    722. 

  722. !   LANGUAGE: FORTRAN 90
    723. 

  723. !   MACHINE : IBM SP
    724. 

  724. !
    725. 

  725. !
    726. 

  726. !------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
    727. 

  727. !--------------- Arrays & constants in argument list --------------------- 
    728. 

  728. !------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
    729. 

  729. !
    730. 

  730.       IMPLICIT NONE
    731. 

  731. !    
    732. 

  732.       INTEGER,INTENT(IN) :: KTS,KTE,I_index, J_index, LSFC
    733. 

  733.       REAL,INTENT(INOUT) ::  ARAIN, ASNOW
    734. 

  734.       REAL,DIMENSION(KTS:KTE),INTENT(INOUT) ::  P_col, QI_col,QR_col    &
    735. 

  735.      & ,QV_col ,QW_col, RimeF_col, T_col, THICK_col,WC_col
    736. 

  736. !
    737. 

  737. !------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
    738. 

  738. !-------------- Common blocks for microphysical statistics ---------------
    739. 

  739. !------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
    740. 

  740. !
    741. 

  741. !------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
    742. 

  742. !--------- Common blocks for constants initialized in GSMCONST ----------
    743. 

  743. !
    744. 

  744.       INTEGER, PARAMETER :: ITLO=-60, ITHI=40
    745. 

  745.       INTEGER,INTENT(INOUT) :: NSTATS(ITLO:ITHI,4)
    746. 

  746.       REAL,INTENT(INOUT) :: QMAX(ITLO:ITHI,5),QTOT(ITLO:ITHI,22) 
    747. 

  747. !
    748. 

  748. !------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
    749. 

  749. !--------------- Common blocks for various lookup tables -----------------
    750. 

  750. !
    751. 

  751. !--- Discretized growth rates of small ice crystals after their nucleation 
    752. 

  752. !     at 1 C intervals from -1 C to -35 C, based on calculations by Miller 
    753. 

  753. !     and Young (1979, JAS) after 600 s of growth.  Resultant growth rates
    754. 

  754. !     are multiplied by physics time step in GSMCONST.
    755. 

  755. !
    756. 

  756. !------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
    757. 

  757. !
    758. 

  758. !--- Mean ice-particle diameters varying from 50 microns to 1000 microns
    759. 

  759. !      (1 mm), assuming an exponential size distribution.  
    760. 

  760. !
    761. 

  761. !---- Meaning of the following arrays: 
    762. 

  762. !        - mdiam - mean diameter (m)
    763. 

  763. !        - VENTI1 - integrated quantity associated w/ ventilation effects 
    764. 

  764. !                   (capacitance only) for calculating vapor deposition onto ice
    765. 

  765. !        - VENTI2 - integrated quantity associated w/ ventilation effects 
    766. 

  766. !                   (with fall speed) for calculating vapor deposition onto ice
    767. 

  767. !        - ACCRI  - integrated quantity associated w/ cloud water collection by ice
    768. 

  768. !        - MASSI  - integrated quantity associated w/ ice mass 
    769. 

  769. !        - VSNOWI - mass-weighted fall speed of snow (large ice), used to calculate 
    770. 

  770. !                   precipitation rates
    771. 

  771. !
    772. 

  772. !
    773. 

  773. !------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
    774. 

  774. !
    775. 

  775. !--- VEL_RF - velocity increase of rimed particles as functions of crude
    776. 

  776. !      particle size categories (at 0.1 mm intervals of mean ice particle
    777. 

  777. !      sizes) and rime factor (different values of Rime Factor of 1.1**N, 
    778. 

  778. !      where N=0 to Nrime).
    779. 

  779. !
    780. 

  780. !------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
    781. 

  781. !
    782. 

  782. !--- Mean rain drop diameters varying from 50 microns (0.05 mm) to 1000 microns 
    783. 

  783. !      (1 mm), assuming an exponential size distribution.  
    784. 

  784. !
    785. 

  785. !------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
    786. 

  786. !------- Key parameters, local variables, & important comments ---------
    787. 

  787. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    788. 

  788. !
    789. 

  789. !--- TOLER => Tolerance or precision for accumulated precipitation 
    790. 

  790. !
    791. 

  791.       REAL, PARAMETER :: TOLER=5.E-7, C2=1./6., RHO0=1.194, Xratio=.025                                           
    792. 

  792. !
    793. 

  793. !--- If BLEND=1:
    794. 

  794. !      precipitation (large) ice amounts are estimated at each level as a 
    795. 

  795. !      blend of ice falling from the grid point above and the precip ice
    796. 

  796. !      present at the start of the time step (see TOT_ICE below).
    797. 

  797. !--- If BLEND=0:
    798. 

  798. !      precipitation (large) ice amounts are estimated to be the precip
    799. 

  799. !      ice present at the start of the time step.
    800. 

  800. !
    801. 

  801. !--- Extended to include sedimentation of rain on 2/5/01 
    802. 

  802. !
    803. 

  803.       REAL, PARAMETER :: BLEND=1.
    804. 

  804. !
    805. 

  805. !--- This variable is for debugging purposes (if .true.)
    806. 

  806. !
    807. 

  807.       LOGICAL, PARAMETER :: PRINT_diag=.FALSE.
    808. 

  808. !
    809. 

  809. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    810. 

  810. !--- Local variables
    811. 

  811. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    812. 

  812. !
    813. 

  813.       REAL EMAIRI, N0r, NLICE, NSmICE
    814. 

  814.       LOGICAL CLEAR, ICE_logical, DBG_logical, RAIN_logical
    815. 

  815.       INTEGER :: IDR,INDEX_MY,INDEXR,INDEXR1,INDEXS,IPASS,ITDX,IXRF,    &
    816. 

  816.      &           IXS,LBEF,L
    817. 

  817. !
    818. 

  818.       REAL :: ABI,ABW,AIEVP,ARAINnew,ASNOWnew,BLDTRH,BUDGET,            &
    819. 

  819.      &        CREVP,DELI,DELR,DELT,DELV,DELW,DENOMF,                    &
    820. 

  820.      &        DENOMI,DENOMW,DENOMWI,DIDEP,                              &
    821. 

  821.      &        DIEVP,DIFFUS,DLI,DTPH,DTRHO,DUM,DUM1,                     &
    822. 

  822.      &        DUM2,DWV0,DWVI,DWVR,DYNVIS,ESI,ESW,FIR,FLARGE,FLIMASS,    &
    823. 

  823.      &        FSMALL,FWR,FWS,GAMMAR,GAMMAS,                             &
    824. 

  824.      &        PCOND,PIACR,PIACW,PIACWI,PIACWR,PICND,PIDEP,PIDEP_max,    &
    825. 

  825.      &        PIEVP,PILOSS,PIMLT,PP,PRACW,PRAUT,PREVP,PRLOSS,           &
    826. 

  826.      &        QI,QInew,QLICE,QR,QRnew,QSI,QSIgrd,QSInew,QSW,QSW0,       &
    827. 

  827.      &        QSWgrd,QSWnew,QT,QTICE,QTnew,QTRAIN,QV,QW,QW0,QWnew,      &
    828. 

  828.      &        RFACTOR,RHO,RIMEF,RIMEF1,RQR,RR,RRHO,SFACTOR,             &
    829. 

  829.      &        TC,TCC,TFACTOR,THERM_COND,THICK,TK,TK2,TNEW,              &
    830. 

  830.      &        TOT_ICE,TOT_ICEnew,TOT_RAIN,TOT_RAINnew,                  &
    831. 

  831.      &        VEL_INC,VENTR,VENTIL,VENTIS,VRAIN1,VRAIN2,VRIMEF,VSNOW,   &
    832. 

  832.      &        WC,WCnew,WSgrd,WS,WSnew,WV,WVnew,WVQW,                    &
    833. 

  833.      &        XLF,XLF1,XLI,XLV,XLV1,XLV2,XLIMASS,XRF,XSIMASS          
    834. 

  834. !
    835. 

  835. !#######################################################################
    836. 

  836. !########################## Begin Execution ############################
    837. 

  837. !#######################################################################
    838. 

  838. !
    839. 

  839. !
    840. 

  840.       ARAIN=0.                ! Accumulated rainfall into grid box from above (kg/m**2)
    841. 

  841.       ASNOW=0.                ! Accumulated snowfall into grid box from above (kg/m**2)
    842. 

  842. !
    843. 

  843. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    844. 

  844. !------------ Loop from top (L=1) to surface (L=LSFC) ------------------
    845. 

  845. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    846. 

  846. !
    847. 

  847. 

  848.       DO 10 L=1,LSFC
    849. 

  849. 

  850. !--- Skip this level and go to the next lower level if no condensate 
    851. 

  851. !      and very low specific humidities
    852. 

  852. !
    853. 

  853.         IF (QV_col(L).LE.EPSQ .AND. WC_col(L).LE.EPSQ) GO TO 10
    854. 

  854. !
    855. 

  855. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    856. 

  856. !------------ Proceed with cloud microphysics calculations -------------
    857. 

  857. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    858. 

  858. !
    859. 

  859.           TK=T_col(L)         ! Temperature (deg K)
    860. 

  860.           TC=TK-T0C           ! Temperature (deg C)
    861. 

  861.           PP=P_col(L)         ! Pressure (Pa)
    862. 

  862.           QV=QV_col(L)        ! Specific humidity of water vapor (kg/kg)
    863. 

  863.           WV=QV/(1.-QV)       ! Water vapor mixing ratio (kg/kg)
    864. 

  864.           WC=WC_col(L)        ! Grid-scale mixing ratio of total condensate (water or ice; kg/kg)
    865. 

  865. !
    866. 

  866. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    867. 

  867. !--- Moisture variables below are mixing ratios & not specifc humidities
    868. 

  868. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    869. 

  869. !
    870. 

  870.           CLEAR=.TRUE.
    871. 

  871. !    
    872. 

  872. !--- This check is to determine grid-scale saturation when no condensate is present
    873. 

  873. !    
    874. 

  874.           ESW=MIN(1000.*FPVS0(TK),0.99*PP) ! Saturation vapor pressure w/r/t water
    875. 

  875.           QSW=EPS*ESW/(PP-ESW)             ! Saturation mixing ratio w/r/t water
    876. 

  876.           WS=QSW                           ! General saturation mixing ratio (water/ice)
    877. 

  877.           IF (TC .LT. 0.) THEN
    878. 

  878.             ESI=MIN(1000.*FPVS(TK),0.99*PP)  ! Saturation vapor pressure w/r/t ice
    879. 

  879.             QSI=EPS*ESI/(PP-ESI)           ! Saturation mixing ratio w/r/t water
    880. 

  880.             WS=QSI                         ! General saturation mixing ratio (water/ice)
    881. 

  881.           ENDIF
    882. 

  882. !
    883. 

  883. !--- Effective grid-scale Saturation mixing ratios
    884. 

  884. !
    885. 

  885.           QSWgrd=RHgrd*QSW
    886. 

  886.           QSIgrd=RHgrd*QSI
    887. 

  887.           WSgrd=RHgrd*WS
    888. 

  888. !
    889. 

  889. !--- Check if air is subsaturated and w/o condensate
    890. 

  890. !
    891. 

  891.           IF (WV.GT.WSgrd .OR. WC.GT.EPSQ) CLEAR=.FALSE.
    892. 

  892. !
    893. 

  893. !--- Check if any rain is falling into layer from above
    894. 

  894. !
    895. 

  895.           IF (ARAIN .GT. CLIMIT) THEN
    896. 

  896.             CLEAR=.FALSE.
    897. 

  897.           ELSE
    898. 

  898.             ARAIN=0.
    899. 

  899.           ENDIF
    900. 

  900. !
    901. 

  901. !--- Check if any ice is falling into layer from above
    902. 

  902. !
    903. 

  903. !--- NOTE that "SNOW" in variable names is synonomous with 
    904. 

  904. !    large, precipitation ice particles
    905. 

  905. !
    906. 

  906.           IF (ASNOW .GT. CLIMIT) THEN
    907. 

  907.             CLEAR=.FALSE.
    908. 

  908.           ELSE
    909. 

  909.             ASNOW=0.
    910. 

  910.           ENDIF
    911. 

  911. !
    912. 

  912. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    913. 

  913. !-- Loop to the end if in clear, subsaturated air free of condensate ---
    914. 

  914. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    915. 

  915. !
    916. 

  916.           IF (CLEAR) GO TO 10
    917. 

  917. !
    918. 

  918. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    919. 

  919. !--------- Initialize RHO, THICK & microphysical processes -------------
    920. 

  920. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    921. 

  921. !
    922. 

  922. !
    923. 

  923. !--- Virtual temperature, TV=T*(1./EPS-1)*Q, Q is specific humidity;
    924. 

  924. !    (see pp. 63-65 in Fleagle & Businger, 1963)
    925. 

  925. !
    926. 

  926.           RHO=PP/(RD*TK*(1.+EPS1*QV))   ! Air density (kg/m**3)
    927. 

  927.           RRHO=1./RHO                ! Reciprocal of air density
    928. 

  928.           DTRHO=DTPH*RHO             ! Time step * air density
    929. 

  929.           BLDTRH=BLEND*DTRHO         ! Blend parameter * time step * air density
    930. 

  930.           THICK=THICK_col(L)         ! Layer thickness = RHO*DZ = -DP/G = (Psfc-Ptop)*D_ETA/(G*ETA_sfc)
    931. 

  931. !
    932. 

  932.           ARAINnew=0.                ! Updated accumulated rainfall
    933. 

  933.           ASNOWnew=0.                ! Updated accumulated snowfall
    934. 

  934.           QI=QI_col(L)               ! Ice mixing ratio
    935. 

  935.           QInew=0.                   ! Updated ice mixing ratio
    936. 

  936.           QR=QR_col(L)               ! Rain mixing ratio
    937. 

  937.           QRnew=0.                   ! Updated rain ratio
    938. 

  938.           QW=QW_col(L)               ! Cloud water mixing ratio
    939. 

  939.           QWnew=0.                   ! Updated cloud water ratio
    940. 

  940. !
    941. 

  941.           PCOND=0.                   ! Condensation (>0) or evaporation (<0) of cloud water (kg/kg)
    942. 

  942.           PIDEP=0.                   ! Deposition (>0) or sublimation (<0) of ice crystals (kg/kg)
    943. 

  943.           PIACW=0.                   ! Cloud water collection (riming) by precipitation ice (kg/kg; >0)
    944. 

  944.           PIACWI=0.                  ! Growth of precip ice by riming (kg/kg; >0)
    945. 

  945.           PIACWR=0.                  ! Shedding of accreted cloud water to form rain (kg/kg; >0)
    946. 

  946.           PIACR=0.                   ! Freezing of rain onto large ice at supercooled temps (kg/kg; >0)
    947. 

  947.           PICND=0.                   ! Condensation (>0) onto wet, melting ice (kg/kg)
    948. 

  948.           PIEVP=0.                   ! Evaporation (<0) from wet, melting ice (kg/kg)
    949. 

  949.           PIMLT=0.                   ! Melting ice (kg/kg; >0)
    950. 

  950.           PRAUT=0.                   ! Cloud water autoconversion to rain (kg/kg; >0)
    951. 

  951.           PRACW=0.                   ! Cloud water collection (accretion) by rain (kg/kg; >0)
    952. 

  952.           PREVP=0.                   ! Rain evaporation (kg/kg; <0)
    953. 

  953. !
    954. 

  954. !--- Double check input hydrometeor mixing ratios
    955. 

  955. !
    956. 

  956. !          DUM=WC-(QI+QW+QR)
    957. 

  957. !          DUM1=ABS(DUM)
    958. 

  958. !          DUM2=TOLER*MIN(WC, QI+QW+QR)
    959. 

  959. !          IF (DUM1 .GT. DUM2) THEN
    960. 

  960. !            WRITE(6,"(/2(a,i4),a,i2)") '{@ i=',I_index,' j=',J_index,
    961. 

  961. !     &                                 ' L=',L
    962. 

  962. !            WRITE(6,"(4(a12,g11.4,1x))") 
    963. 

  963. !     & '{@ TCold=',TC,'P=',.01*PP,'DIFF=',DUM,'WCold=',WC,
    964. 

  964. !     & '{@ QIold=',QI,'QWold=',QW,'QRold=',QR
    965. 

  965. !          ENDIF
    966. 

  966. !
    967. 

  967. !***********************************************************************
    968. 

  968. !*********** MAIN MICROPHYSICS CALCULATIONS NOW FOLLOW! ****************
    969. 

  969. !***********************************************************************
    970. 

  970. !
    971. 

  971. !--- Calculate a few variables, which are used more than once below
    972. 

  972. !
    973. 

  973. !--- Latent heat of vaporization as a function of temperature from
    974. 

  974. !      Bolton (1980, JAS)
    975. 

  975. !
    976. 

  976.           XLV=3.148E6-2370*TK        ! Latent heat of vaporization (Lv)
    977. 

  977.           XLF=XLS-XLV                ! Latent heat of fusion (Lf)
    978. 

  978.           XLV1=XLV*RCP               ! Lv/Cp
    979. 

  979.           XLF1=XLF*RCP               ! Lf/Cp
    980. 

  980.           TK2=1./(TK*TK)             ! 1./TK**2
    981. 

  981.           XLV2=XLV*XLV*QSW*TK2/RV    ! Lv**2*Qsw/(Rv*TK**2)
    982. 

  982.           DENOMW=1.+XLV2*RCP         ! Denominator term, Clausius-Clapeyron correction
    983. 

  983. !
    984. 

  984. !--- Basic thermodynamic quantities
    985. 

  985. !      * DYNVIS - dynamic viscosity  [ kg/(m*s) ]
    986. 

  986. !      * THERM_COND - thermal conductivity  [ J/(m*s*K) ]
    987. 

  987. !      * DIFFUS - diffusivity of water vapor  [ m**2/s ]
    988. 

  988. !
    989. 

  989.           TFACTOR=TK**1.5/(TK+120.)
    990. 

  990.           DYNVIS=1.496E-6*TFACTOR
    991. 

  991.           THERM_COND=2.116E-3*TFACTOR
    992. 

  992.           DIFFUS=8.794E-5*TK**1.81/PP
    993. 

  993. !
    994. 

  994. !--- Air resistance term for the fall speed of ice following the
    995. 

  995. !      basic research by Heymsfield, Kajikawa, others 
    996. 

  996. !
    997. 

  997.           GAMMAS=(1.E5/PP)**C1
    998. 

  998. !
    999. 

  999. !--- Air resistance for rain fall speed (Beard, 1985, JAS, p.470)
    1000. 

  1000. !
    1001. 

  1001.           GAMMAR=(RHO0/RHO)**.4
    1002. 

  1002. !
    1003. 

  1003. !----------------------------------------------------------------------
    1004. 

  1004. !-------------  IMPORTANT MICROPHYSICS DECISION TREE  -----------------
    1005. 

  1005. !----------------------------------------------------------------------
    1006. 

  1006. !
    1007. 

  1007. !--- Determine if conditions supporting ice are present
    1008. 

  1008. !
    1009. 

  1009.           IF (TC.LT.0. .OR. QI.GT. EPSQ .OR. ASNOW.GT.CLIMIT) THEN
    1010. 

  1010.             ICE_logical=.TRUE.
    1011. 

  1011.           ELSE
    1012. 

  1012.             ICE_logical=.FALSE.
    1013. 

  1013.             QLICE=0.
    1014. 

  1014.             QTICE=0.
    1015. 

  1015.           ENDIF
    1016. 

  1016. !
    1017. 

  1017. !--- Determine if rain is present
    1018. 

  1018. !
    1019. 

  1019.           RAIN_logical=.FALSE.
    1020. 

  1020.           IF (ARAIN.GT.CLIMIT .OR. QR.GT.EPSQ) RAIN_logical=.TRUE.
    1021. 

  1021. !
    1022. 

  1022.           IF (ICE_logical) THEN
    1023. 

  1023. !
    1024. 

  1024. !--- IMPORTANT:  Estimate time-averaged properties.
    1025. 

  1025. !
    1026. 

  1026. !---
    1027. 

  1027. !  * FLARGE  - ratio of number of large ice to total (large & small) ice
    1028. 

  1028. !  * FSMALL  - ratio of number of small ice crystals to large ice particles
    1029. 

  1029. !  ->  Small ice particles are assumed to have a mean diameter of 50 microns.
    1030. 

  1030. !  * XSIMASS - used for calculating small ice mixing ratio
    1031. 

  1031. !---
    1032. 

  1032. !  * TOT_ICE - total mass (small & large) ice before microphysics,
    1033. 

  1033. !              which is the sum of the total mass of large ice in the 
    1034. 

  1034. !              current layer and the input flux of ice from above
    1035. 

  1035. !  * PILOSS  - greatest loss (<0) of total (small & large) ice by
    1036. 

  1036. !              sublimation, removing all of the ice falling from above
    1037. 

  1037. !              and the ice within the layer
    1038. 

  1038. !  * RimeF1  - Rime Factor, which is the mass ratio of total (unrimed & rimed) 
    1039. 

  1039. !              ice mass to the unrimed ice mass (>=1)
    1040. 

  1040. !  * VrimeF  - the velocity increase due to rime factor or melting (ratio, >=1)
    1041. 

  1041. !  * VSNOW   - Fall speed of rimed snow w/ air resistance correction
    1042. 

  1042. !  * EMAIRI  - equivalent mass of air associated layer and with fall of snow into layer
    1043. 

  1043. !  * XLIMASS - used for calculating large ice mixing ratio
    1044. 

  1044. !  * FLIMASS - mass fraction of large ice
    1045. 

  1045. !  * QTICE   - time-averaged mixing ratio of total ice
    1046. 

  1046. !  * QLICE   - time-averaged mixing ratio of large ice
    1047. 

  1047. !  * NLICE   - time-averaged number concentration of large ice
    1048. 

  1048. !  * NSmICE  - number concentration of small ice crystals at current level
    1049. 

  1049. !---
    1050. 

  1050. !--- Assumed number fraction of large ice particles to total (large & small) 
    1051. 

  1051. !    ice particles, which is based on a general impression of the literature.
    1052. 

  1052. !
    1053. 

  1053.             WVQW=WV+QW                ! Water vapor & cloud water
    1054. 

  1054. !
    1055. 

  1055. 

  1056. 

  1057.             IF (TC.GE.0. .OR. WVQW.LT.QSIgrd) THEN
    1058. 

  1058.    !
    1059. 

  1059.    !--- Eliminate small ice particle contributions for melting & sublimation
    1060. 

  1060.    !
    1061. 

  1061.               FLARGE=FLARGE1
    1062. 

  1062.             ELSE
    1063. 

  1063.    !
    1064. 

  1064.    !--- Enhanced number of small ice particles during depositional growth
    1065. 

  1065.    !    (effective only when 0C > T >= T_ice [-10C] )
    1066. 

  1066.    !
    1067. 

  1067.               FLARGE=FLARGE2
    1068. 

  1068.    !
    1069. 

  1069.    !--- Larger number of small ice particles due to rime splintering
    1070. 

  1070.    !
    1071. 

  1071.               IF (TC.GE.-8. .AND. TC.LE.-3.) FLARGE=.5*FLARGE
    1072. 

  1072. !
    1073. 

  1073.             ENDIF            ! End IF (TC.GE.0. .OR. WVQW.LT.QSIgrd)
    1074. 

  1074.             FSMALL=(1.-FLARGE)/FLARGE
    1075. 

  1075.             XSIMASS=RRHO*MASSI(MDImin)*FSMALL
    1076. 

  1076.             IF (QI.LE.EPSQ .AND. ASNOW.LE.CLIMIT) THEN
    1077. 

  1077.               INDEXS=MDImin
    1078. 

  1078.               TOT_ICE=0.
    1079. 

  1079.               PILOSS=0.
    1080. 

  1080.               RimeF1=1.
    1081. 

  1081.               VrimeF=1.
    1082. 

  1082.               VEL_INC=GAMMAS
    1083. 

  1083.               VSNOW=0.
    1084. 

  1084.               EMAIRI=THICK
    1085. 

  1085.               XLIMASS=RRHO*RimeF1*MASSI(INDEXS)
    1086. 

  1086.               FLIMASS=XLIMASS/(XLIMASS+XSIMASS)
    1087. 

  1087.               QLICE=0.
    1088. 

  1088.               QTICE=0.
    1089. 

  1089.               NLICE=0.
    1090. 

  1090.               NSmICE=0.
    1091. 

  1091.             ELSE
    1092. 

  1092.    !
    1093. 

  1093.    !--- For T<0C mean particle size follows Houze et al. (JAS, 1979, p. 160), 
    1094. 

  1094.    !    converted from Fig. 5 plot of LAMDAs.  Similar set of relationships 
    1095. 

  1095.    !    also shown in Fig. 8 of Ryan (BAMS, 1996, p. 66).
    1096. 

  1096.    !
    1097. 

  1097.               DUM=XMImax*EXP(.0536*TC)
    1098. 

  1098.               INDEXS=MIN(MDImax, MAX(MDImin, INT(DUM) ) )
    1099. 

  1099.               TOT_ICE=THICK*QI+BLEND*ASNOW
    1100. 

  1100.               PILOSS=-TOT_ICE/THICK
    1101. 

  1101.               LBEF=MAX(1,L-1)
    1102. 

  1102.               DUM1=RimeF_col(LBEF)
    1103. 

  1103.               DUM2=RimeF_col(L)
    1104. 

  1104.               RimeF1=(DUM2*THICK*QI+DUM1*BLEND*ASNOW)/TOT_ICE
    1105. 

  1105.               RimeF1=MIN(RimeF1, RFmax)
    1106. 

  1106.               DO IPASS=0,1
    1107. 

  1107.                 IF (RimeF1 .LE. 1.) THEN
    1108. 

  1108.                   RimeF1=1.
    1109. 

  1109.                   VrimeF=1.
    1110. 

  1110.                 ELSE
    1111. 

  1111.                   IXS=MAX(2, MIN(INDEXS/100, 9))
    1112. 

  1112.                   XRF=10.492*ALOG(RimeF1)
    1113. 

  1113.                   IXRF=MAX(0, MIN(INT(XRF), Nrime))
    1114. 

  1114.                   IF (IXRF .GE. Nrime) THEN
    1115. 

  1115.                     VrimeF=VEL_RF(IXS,Nrime)
    1116. 

  1116.                   ELSE
    1117. 

  1117.                     VrimeF=VEL_RF(IXS,IXRF)+(XRF-FLOAT(IXRF))*          &
    1118. 

  1118.      &                    (VEL_RF(IXS,IXRF+1)-VEL_RF(IXS,IXRF))
    1119. 

  1119.                   ENDIF
    1120. 

  1120.                 ENDIF            ! End IF (RimeF1 .LE. 1.)
    1121. 

  1121.                 VEL_INC=GAMMAS*VrimeF
    1122. 

  1122.                 VSNOW=VEL_INC*VSNOWI(INDEXS)
    1123. 

  1123.                 EMAIRI=THICK+BLDTRH*VSNOW
    1124. 

  1124.                 XLIMASS=RRHO*RimeF1*MASSI(INDEXS)
    1125. 

  1125.                 FLIMASS=XLIMASS/(XLIMASS+XSIMASS)
    1126. 

  1126.                 QTICE=TOT_ICE/EMAIRI
    1127. 

  1127.                 QLICE=FLIMASS*QTICE
    1128. 

  1128.                 NLICE=QLICE/XLIMASS
    1129. 

  1129.                 NSmICE=Fsmall*NLICE
    1130. 

  1130.    !
    1131. 

  1131.                 IF ( (NLICE.GE.NLImin .AND. NLICE.LE.NLImax)            &
    1132. 

  1132.      &                .OR. IPASS.EQ.1) THEN
    1133. 

  1133.                   EXIT
    1134. 

  1134.                 ELSE
    1135. 

  1135.                   IF (TC < 0) THEN
    1136. 

  1136.                     XLI=RHO*(QTICE/DUM-XSIMASS)/RimeF1
    1137. 

  1137.                     IF (XLI .LE. MASSI(MDImin) ) THEN
    1138. 

  1138.                       INDEXS=MDImin
    1139. 

  1139.                     ELSE IF (XLI .LE. MASSI(450) ) THEN
    1140. 

  1140.                       DLI=9.5885E5*XLI**.42066         ! DLI in microns
    1141. 

  1141.                       INDEXS=MIN(MDImax, MAX(MDImin, INT(DLI) ) )
    1142. 

  1142.                     ELSE IF (XLI .LE. MASSI(MDImax) ) THEN
    1143. 

  1143.                       DLI=3.9751E6*XLI**.49870         ! DLI in microns
    1144. 

  1144.                       INDEXS=MIN(MDImax, MAX(MDImin, INT(DLI) ) )
    1145. 

  1145.                     ELSE
    1146. 

  1146.                       INDEXS=MDImax
    1147. 

  1147.                     ENDIF             ! End IF (XLI .LE. MASSI(MDImin) )
    1148. 

  1148.                   ENDIF               ! End IF (TC < 0)
    1149. 

  1149.         !
    1150. 

  1150.         !--- Reduce excessive accumulation of ice at upper levels
    1151. 

  1151.         !    associated with strong grid-resolved ascent
    1152. 

  1152.         !
    1153. 

  1153.         !--- Force NLICE to be between NLImin and NLImax
    1154. 

  1154.         !
    1155. 

  1155.         !
    1156. 

  1156.         !--- 8/22/01: Increase density of large ice if maximum limits 
    1157. 

  1157.         !    are reached for number concentration (NLImax) and mean size 
    1158. 

  1158.         !    (MDImax).  Done to increase fall out of ice.
    1159. 

  1159.         !
    1160. 

  1160.                   DUM=MAX(NLImin, MIN(NLImax, NLICE) )
    1161. 

  1161.                   IF (DUM.GE.NLImax .AND. INDEXS.GE.MDImax)             &
    1162. 

  1162.      &                RimeF1=RHO*(QTICE/NLImax-XSIMASS)/MASSI(INDEXS)
    1163. 

  1163. !            WRITE(6,"(4(a12,g11.4,1x))") 
    1164. 

  1164. !     & '{$ TC=',TC,'P=',.01*PP,'NLICE=',NLICE,'DUM=',DUM,
    1165. 

  1165. !     & '{$ XLI=',XLI,'INDEXS=',FLOAT(INDEXS),'RHO=',RHO,'QTICE=',QTICE,
    1166. 

  1166. !     & '{$ XSIMASS=',XSIMASS,'RimeF1=',RimeF1
    1167. 

  1167.                 ENDIF                  ! End IF ( (NLICE.GE.NLImin .AND. NLICE.LE.NLImax) ...
    1168. 

  1168.               ENDDO                    ! End DO IPASS=0,1
    1169. 

  1169.             ENDIF                      ! End IF (QI.LE.EPSQ .AND. ASNOW.LE.CLIMIT)
    1170. 

  1170.           ENDIF                        ! End IF (ICE_logical)
    1171. 

  1171. !
    1172. 

  1172. !----------------------------------------------------------------------
    1173. 

  1173. !--------------- Calculate individual processes -----------------------
    1174. 

  1174. !----------------------------------------------------------------------
    1175. 

  1175. !
    1176. 

  1176. !--- Cloud water autoconversion to rain and collection by rain
    1177. 

  1177. !
    1178. 

  1178.           IF (QW.GT.EPSQ .AND. TC.GE.T_ICE) THEN
    1179. 

  1179.    !
    1180. 

  1180.    !--- QW0 could be modified based on land/sea properties, 
    1181. 

  1181.    !      presence of convection, etc.  This is why QAUT0 and CRAUT
    1182. 

  1182.    !      are passed into the subroutine as externally determined
    1183. 

  1183.    !      parameters.  Can be changed in the future if desired.
    1184. 

  1184.    !
    1185. 

  1185.             QW0=QAUT0*RRHO
    1186. 

  1186.             PRAUT=MAX(0., MIN(QW-QW0, QW0) )*CRAUT
    1187. 

  1187.             IF (QLICE .GT. EPSQ) THEN
    1188. 

  1188.       !
    1189. 

  1189.       !--- Collection of cloud water by large ice particles ("snow")
    1190. 

  1190.       !    PIACWI=PIACW for riming, PIACWI=0 for shedding
    1191. 

  1191.       !
    1192. 

  1192.               FWS=MIN(.1, CIACW*VEL_INC*NLICE*ACCRI(INDEXS)/PP**C1)
    1193. 

  1193.               PIACW=FWS*QW
    1194. 

  1194.               IF (TC .LT. 0.) PIACWI=PIACW    ! Large ice riming
    1195. 

  1195.             ENDIF           ! End IF (QLICE .GT. EPSQ)
    1196. 

  1196.           ENDIF             ! End IF (QW.GT.EPSQ .AND. TC.GE.T_ICE)
    1197. 

  1197. !
    1198. 

  1198. !----------------------------------------------------------------------
    1199. 

  1199. !--- Loop around some of the ice-phase processes if no ice should be present
    1200. 

  1200. !----------------------------------------------------------------------
    1201. 

  1201. !
    1202. 

  1202.           IF (ICE_logical .EQV. .FALSE.) GO TO 20
    1203. 

  1203. !
    1204. 

  1204. !--- Now the pretzel logic of calculating ice deposition
    1205. 

  1205. !
    1206. 

  1206.           IF (TC.LT.T_ICE .AND. (WV.GT.QSIgrd .OR. QW.GT.EPSQ)) THEN
    1207. 

  1207.    !
    1208. 

  1208.    !--- Adjust to ice saturation at T<T_ICE (-10C) if supersaturated.
    1209. 

  1209.    !    Sources of ice due to nucleation and convective detrainment are
    1210. 

  1210.    !    either poorly understood, poorly resolved at typical NWP 
    1211. 

  1211.    !    resolutions, or are not represented (e.g., no detrained 
    1212. 

  1212.    !    condensate in BMJ Cu scheme).
    1213. 

  1213.    !    
    1214. 

  1214.             PCOND=-QW
    1215. 

  1215.             DUM1=TK+XLV1*PCOND                 ! Updated (dummy) temperature (deg K)
    1216. 

  1216.             DUM2=WV+QW                         ! Updated (dummy) water vapor mixing ratio
    1217. 

  1217.             DUM=MIN(1000.*FPVS(DUM1),0.99*PP)  ! Updated (dummy) saturation vapor pressure w/r/t ice
    1218. 

  1218.             DUM=RHgrd*EPS*DUM/(PP-DUM)         ! Updated (dummy) saturation mixing ratio w/r/t ice
    1219. 

  1219.             IF (DUM2 .GT. DUM) PIDEP=DEPOSIT (PP, DUM1, DUM2)
    1220. 

  1220.             DWVi=0.    ! Used only for debugging
    1221. 

  1221.    !
    1222. 

  1222.           ELSE IF (TC .LT. 0.) THEN
    1223. 

  1223.    !
    1224. 

  1224.    !--- These quantities are handy for ice deposition/sublimation
    1225. 

  1225.    !    PIDEP_max - max deposition or minimum sublimation to ice saturation
    1226. 

  1226.    !
    1227. 

  1227.             DENOMI=1.+XLS2*QSI*TK2
    1228. 

  1228.             DWVi=MIN(WVQW,QSW)-QSI
    1229. 

  1229.             PIDEP_max=MAX(PILOSS, DWVi/DENOMI)
    1230. 

  1230.             IF (QTICE .GT. 0.) THEN
    1231. 

  1231.       !
    1232. 

  1232.       !--- Calculate ice deposition/sublimation
    1233. 

  1233.       !      * SFACTOR - [VEL_INC**.5]*[Schmidt**(1./3.)]*[(RHO/DYNVIS)**.5],
    1234. 

  1234.       !        where Schmidt (Schmidt Number) =DYNVIS/(RHO*DIFFUS)
    1235. 

  1235.       !      * Units: SFACTOR - s**.5/m ;  ABI - m**2/s ;  NLICE - m**-3 ;
    1236. 

  1236.       !               VENTIL, VENTIS - m**-2 ;  VENTI1 - m ;  
    1237. 

  1237.       !               VENTI2 - m**2/s**.5 ; DIDEP - unitless
    1238. 

  1238.       !
    1239. 

  1239.               SFACTOR=VEL_INC**.5*(RHO/(DIFFUS*DIFFUS*DYNVIS))**C2
    1240. 

  1240.               ABI=1./(RHO*XLS3*QSI*TK2/THERM_COND+1./DIFFUS)
    1241. 

  1241.       !
    1242. 

  1242.       !--- VENTIL - Number concentration * ventilation factors for large ice
    1243. 

  1243.       !--- VENTIS - Number concentration * ventilation factors for small ice
    1244. 

  1244.       !
    1245. 

  1245.       !--- Variation in the number concentration of ice with time is not
    1246. 

  1246.       !      accounted for in these calculations (could be in the future).
    1247. 

  1247.       !
    1248. 

  1248.               VENTIL=(VENTI1(INDEXS)+SFACTOR*VENTI2(INDEXS))*NLICE
    1249. 

  1249.               VENTIS=(VENTI1(MDImin)+SFACTOR*VENTI2(MDImin))*NSmICE
    1250. 

  1250.               DIDEP=ABI*(VENTIL+VENTIS)*DTPH
    1251. 

  1251.       !
    1252. 

  1252.       !--- Account for change in water vapor supply w/ time
    1253. 

  1253.       !
    1254. 

  1254.               IF (DIDEP .GE. Xratio)then
    1255. 

  1255.                 DIDEP=(1.-EXP(-DIDEP*DENOMI))/DENOMI
    1256. 

  1256.               endif
    1257. 

  1257.               IF (DWVi .GT. 0.) THEN
    1258. 

  1258.                 PIDEP=MIN(DWVi*DIDEP, PIDEP_max)
    1259. 

  1259.               ELSE IF (DWVi .LT. 0.) THEN
    1260. 

  1260.                 PIDEP=MAX(DWVi*DIDEP, PIDEP_max)
    1261. 

  1261.               ENDIF
    1262. 

  1262.       !
    1263. 

  1263.             ELSE IF (WVQW.GT.QSI .AND. TC.LE.T_ICE_init) THEN
    1264. 

  1264.       !
    1265. 

  1265.       !--- Ice nucleation in near water-saturated conditions.  Ice crystal
    1266. 

  1266.       !    growth during time step calculated using Miller & Young (1979, JAS).
    1267. 

  1267.       !--- These deposition rates could drive conditions below water saturation,
    1268. 

  1268.       !    which is the basis of these calculations.  Intended to approximate
    1269. 

  1269.       !    more complex & computationally intensive calculations.
    1270. 

  1270.       !
    1271. 

  1271.               INDEX_MY=MAX(MY_T1, MIN( INT(.5-TC), MY_T2 ) )
    1272. 

  1272.       !
    1273. 

  1273.       !--- DUM1 is the supersaturation w/r/t ice at water-saturated conditions
    1274. 

  1274.       !
    1275. 

  1275.       !--- DUM2 is the number of ice crystals nucleated at water-saturated 
    1276. 

  1276.       !    conditions based on Meyers et al. (JAM, 1992).
    1277. 

  1277.       !
    1278. 

  1278.       !--- Prevent unrealistically large ice initiation (limited by PIDEP_max)
    1279. 

  1279.       !      if DUM2 values are increased in future experiments
    1280. 

  1280.       !
    1281. 

  1281.               DUM1=QSW/QSI-1.      
    1282. 

  1282.               DUM2=1.E3*EXP(12.96*DUM1-.639)
    1283. 

  1283.               PIDEP=MIN(PIDEP_max, DUM2*MY_GROWTH(INDEX_MY)*RRHO)
    1284. 

  1284.       !
    1285. 

  1285.             ENDIF       ! End IF (QTICE .GT. 0.)
    1286. 

  1286.    !
    1287. 

  1287.           ENDIF         ! End IF (TC.LT.T_ICE .AND. (WV.GT.QSIgrd .OR. QW.GT.EPSQ))
    1288. 

  1288. !
    1289. 

  1289. !------------------------------------------------------------------------
    1290. 

  1290. !
    1291. 

  1291. 20      CONTINUE     ! Jump here if conditions for ice are not present
    1292. 

  1292. 

  1293. 

  1294. !
    1295. 

  1295. !------------------------------------------------------------------------
    1296. 

  1296. !
    1297. 

  1297. !--- Cloud water condensation
    1298. 

  1298. !
    1299. 

  1299.           IF (TC.GE.T_ICE .AND. (QW.GT.EPSQ .OR. WV.GT.QSWgrd)) THEN
    1300. 

  1300.             IF (PIACWI.EQ.0. .AND. PIDEP.EQ.0.) THEN
    1301. 

  1301.               PCOND=CONDENSE (PP, QW, TK, WV)
    1302. 

  1302.             ELSE
    1303. 

  1303.    !
    1304. 

  1304.    !--- Modify cloud condensation in response to ice processes
    1305. 

  1305.    !
    1306. 

  1306.               DUM=XLV*QSWgrd*RCPRV*TK2
    1307. 

  1307.               DENOMWI=1.+XLS*DUM
    1308. 

  1308.               DENOMF=XLF*DUM
    1309. 

  1309.               DUM=MAX(0., PIDEP)
    1310. 

  1310.               PCOND=(WV-QSWgrd-DENOMWI*DUM-DENOMF*PIACWI)/DENOMW
    1311. 

  1311.               DUM1=-QW
    1312. 

  1312.               DUM2=PCOND-PIACW
    1313. 

  1313.               IF (DUM2 .LT. DUM1) THEN
    1314. 

  1314.       !
    1315. 

  1315.       !--- Limit cloud water sinks
    1316. 

  1316.       !
    1317. 

  1317.                 DUM=DUM1/DUM2
    1318. 

  1318.                 PCOND=DUM*PCOND
    1319. 

  1319.                 PIACW=DUM*PIACW
    1320. 

  1320.                 PIACWI=DUM*PIACWI
    1321. 

  1321.               ENDIF        ! End IF (DUM2 .LT. DUM1)
    1322. 

  1322.             ENDIF          ! End IF (PIACWI.EQ.0. .AND. PIDEP.EQ.0.)
    1323. 

  1323.           ENDIF            ! End IF (TC.GE.T_ICE .AND. (QW.GT.EPSQ .OR. WV.GT.QSWgrd))
    1324. 

  1324. !
    1325. 

  1325. !--- Limit freezing of accreted rime to prevent temperature oscillations,
    1326. 

  1326. !    a crude Schumann-Ludlam limit (p. 209 of Young, 1993). 
    1327. 

  1327. !
    1328. 

  1328.           TCC=TC+XLV1*PCOND+XLS1*PIDEP+XLF1*PIACWI
    1329. 

  1329.           IF (TCC .GT. 0.) THEN
    1330. 

  1330.             PIACWI=0.
    1331. 

  1331.             TCC=TC+XLV1*PCOND+XLS1*PIDEP
    1332. 

  1332.           ENDIF
    1333. 

  1333.           IF (TC.GT.0. .AND. TCC.GT.0. .AND. ICE_logical) THEN
    1334. 

  1334.    !
    1335. 

  1335.    !--- Calculate melting and evaporation/condensation
    1336. 

  1336.    !      * Units: SFACTOR - s**.5/m ;  ABI - m**2/s ;  NLICE - m**-3 ;
    1337. 

  1337.    !               VENTIL - m**-2 ;  VENTI1 - m ;  
    1338. 

  1338.    !               VENTI2 - m**2/s**.5 ; CIEVP - /s
    1339. 

  1339.    !
    1340. 

  1340.             SFACTOR=VEL_INC**.5*(RHO/(DIFFUS*DIFFUS*DYNVIS))**C2
    1341. 

  1341.             VENTIL=NLICE*(VENTI1(INDEXS)+SFACTOR*VENTI2(INDEXS))
    1342. 

  1342.             AIEVP=VENTIL*DIFFUS*DTPH
    1343. 

  1343.             IF (AIEVP .LT. Xratio) THEN
    1344. 

  1344.               DIEVP=AIEVP
    1345. 

  1345.             ELSE
    1346. 

  1346.               DIEVP=1.-EXP(-AIEVP)
    1347. 

  1347.             ENDIF
    1348. 

  1348.             QSW0=EPS*ESW0/(PP-ESW0)
    1349. 

  1349.             DWV0=MIN(WV,QSW)-QSW0
    1350. 

  1350.             DUM=QW+PCOND
    1351. 

  1351.             IF (WV.LT.QSW .AND. DUM.LE.EPSQ) THEN
    1352. 

  1352.    !
    1353. 

  1353.    !--- Evaporation from melting snow (sink of snow) or shedding
    1354. 

  1354.    !    of water condensed onto melting snow (source of rain)
    1355. 

  1355.    !
    1356. 

  1356.               DUM=DWV0*DIEVP
    1357. 

  1357.               PIEVP=MAX( MIN(0., DUM), PILOSS)
    1358. 

  1358.               PICND=MAX(0., DUM)
    1359. 

  1359.             ENDIF            ! End IF (WV.LT.QSW .AND. DUM.LE.EPSQ)
    1360. 

  1360.             PIMLT=THERM_COND*TCC*VENTIL*RRHO*DTPH/XLF
    1361. 

  1361.    !
    1362. 

  1362.    !--- Limit melting to prevent temperature oscillations across 0C
    1363. 

  1363.    !
    1364. 

  1364.             DUM1=MAX( 0., (TCC+XLV1*PIEVP)/XLF1 )
    1365. 

  1365.             PIMLT=MIN(PIMLT, DUM1)
    1366. 

  1366.    !
    1367. 

  1367.    !--- Limit loss of snow by melting (>0) and evaporation
    1368. 

  1368.    !
    1369. 

  1369.             DUM=PIEVP-PIMLT
    1370. 

  1370.             IF (DUM .LT. PILOSS) THEN
    1371. 

  1371.               DUM1=PILOSS/DUM
    1372. 

  1372.               PIMLT=PIMLT*DUM1
    1373. 

  1373.               PIEVP=PIEVP*DUM1
    1374. 

  1374.             ENDIF           ! End IF (DUM .GT. QTICE)
    1375. 

  1375.           ENDIF             ! End IF (TC.GT.0. .AND. TCC.GT.0. .AND. ICE_logical) 
    1376. 

  1376. !
    1377. 

  1377. !--- IMPORTANT:  Estimate time-averaged properties.
    1378. 

  1378. !
    1379. 

  1379. !  * TOT_RAIN - total mass of rain before microphysics, which is the sum of
    1380. 

  1380. !               the total mass of rain in the current layer and the input 
    1381. 

  1381. !               flux of rain from above
    1382. 

  1382. !  * VRAIN1   - fall speed of rain into grid from above (with air resistance correction)
    1383. 

  1383. !  * QTRAIN   - time-averaged mixing ratio of rain (kg/kg)
    1384. 

  1384. !  * PRLOSS   - greatest loss (<0) of rain, removing all rain falling from
    1385. 

  1385. !               above and the rain within the layer
    1386. 

  1386. !  * RQR      - rain content (kg/m**3)
    1387. 

  1387. !  * INDEXR   - mean size of rain drops to the nearest 1 micron in size
    1388. 

  1388. !  * N0r      - intercept of rain size distribution (typically 10**6 m**-4)
    1389. 

  1389. !
    1390. 

  1390.           TOT_RAIN=0.
    1391. 

  1391.           VRAIN1=0.
    1392. 

  1392.           QTRAIN=0.
    1393. 

  1393.           PRLOSS=0.
    1394. 

  1394.           RQR=0.
    1395. 

  1395.           N0r=0.
    1396. 

  1396.           INDEXR=MDRmin
    1397. 

  1397.           INDEXR1=INDEXR    !-- For debugging only
    1398. 

  1398.           IF (RAIN_logical) THEN
    1399. 

  1399.             IF (ARAIN .LE. 0.) THEN
    1400. 

  1400.               INDEXR=MDRmin
    1401. 

  1401.               VRAIN1=0.
    1402. 

  1402.             ELSE
    1403. 

  1403.    !
    1404. 

  1404.    !--- INDEXR (related to mean diameter) & N0r could be modified 
    1405. 

  1405.    !      by land/sea properties, presence of convection, etc.
    1406. 

  1406.    !
    1407. 

  1407.    !--- Rain rate normalized to a density of 1.194 kg/m**3
    1408. 

  1408.    !
    1409. 

  1409.               RR=ARAIN/(DTPH*GAMMAR)
    1410. 

  1410.    !
    1411. 

  1411.               IF (RR .LE. RR_DRmin) THEN
    1412. 

  1412.         !
    1413. 

  1413.         !--- Assume fixed mean diameter of rain (0.2 mm) for low rain rates, 
    1414. 

  1414.         !      instead vary N0r with rain rate
    1415. 

  1415.         !
    1416. 

  1416.                 INDEXR=MDRmin
    1417. 

  1417.               ELSE IF (RR .LE. RR_DR1) THEN
    1418. 

  1418.         !
    1419. 

  1419.         !--- Best fit to mass-weighted fall speeds (V) from rain lookup tables 
    1420. 

  1420.         !      for mean diameters (Dr) between 0.05 and 0.10 mm:
    1421. 

  1421.         !      V(Dr)=5.6023e4*Dr**1.136, V in m/s and Dr in m
    1422. 

  1422.         !      RR = PI*1000.*N0r0*5.6023e4*Dr**(4+1.136) = 1.408e15*Dr**5.136,
    1423. 

  1423.         !        RR in kg/(m**2*s)
    1424. 

  1424.         !      Dr (m) = 1.123e-3*RR**.1947 -> Dr (microns) = 1.123e3*RR**.1947
    1425. 

  1425.         !
    1426. 

  1426.                 INDEXR=INT( 1.123E3*RR**.1947 + .5 )
    1427. 

  1427.                 INDEXR=MAX( MDRmin, MIN(INDEXR, MDR1) )
    1428. 

  1428.               ELSE IF (RR .LE. RR_DR2) THEN
    1429. 

  1429.         !
    1430. 

  1430.         !--- Best fit to mass-weighted fall speeds (V) from rain lookup tables 
    1431. 

  1431.         !      for mean diameters (Dr) between 0.10 and 0.20 mm:
    1432. 

  1432.         !      V(Dr)=1.0867e4*Dr**.958, V in m/s and Dr in m
    1433. 

  1433.         !      RR = PI*1000.*N0r0*1.0867e4*Dr**(4+.958) = 2.731e14*Dr**4.958,
    1434. 

  1434.         !        RR in kg/(m**2*s)
    1435. 

  1435.         !      Dr (m) = 1.225e-3*RR**.2017 -> Dr (microns) = 1.225e3*RR**.2017
    1436. 

  1436.         !
    1437. 

  1437.                 INDEXR=INT( 1.225E3*RR**.2017 + .5 )
    1438. 

  1438.                 INDEXR=MAX( MDR1, MIN(INDEXR, MDR2) )
    1439. 

  1439. 

  1440.               ELSE IF (RR .LE. RR_DR3) THEN
    1441. 

  1441.         !
    1442. 

  1442.         !--- Best fit to mass-weighted fall speeds (V) from rain lookup tables 
    1443. 

  1443.         !      for mean diameters (Dr) between 0.20 and 0.32 mm:
    1444. 

  1444.         !      V(Dr)=2831.*Dr**.80, V in m/s and Dr in m
    1445. 

  1445.         !      RR = PI*1000.*N0r0*2831.*Dr**(4+.80) = 7.115e13*Dr**4.80, 
    1446. 

  1446.         !        RR in kg/(m**2*s)
    1447. 

  1447.         !      Dr (m) = 1.3006e-3*RR**.2083 -> Dr (microns) = 1.3006e3*RR**.2083
    1448. 

  1448.         !
    1449. 

  1449.                 INDEXR=INT( 1.3006E3*RR**.2083 + .5 )
    1450. 

  1450.                 INDEXR=MAX( MDR2, MIN(INDEXR, MDR3) )
    1451. 

  1451. 

  1452.               ELSE IF (RR .LE. RR_DR4) THEN
    1453. 

  1453.         !
    1454. 

  1454.         !--- Best fit to mass-weighted fall speeds (V) from rain lookup tables
    1455. 

  1455.         !      for mean diameters (Dr) between 0.32 and 0.45 mm:
    1456. 

  1456.         !      V(Dr)=963.0*Dr**.666, V in m/s and Dr in m
    1457. 

  1457.         !      RR = PI*1000.*N0r0*963.0*Dr**(4+.666) = 2.4205e13*Dr**4.666,
    1458. 

  1458.         !        RR in kg/(m**2*s)
    1459. 

  1459.         !      Dr (m) = 1.354e-3*RR**.2143 -> Dr (microns) = 1.354e3*RR**.2143
    1460. 

  1460.         !
    1461. 

  1461.                 INDEXR=INT( 1.354E3*RR**.2143 + .5 )
    1462. 

  1462.                 INDEXR=MAX( MDR3, MIN(INDEXR, MDR4) )
    1463. 

  1463. 

  1464.               ELSE IF (RR .LE. RR_DR5) THEN
    1465. 

  1465.         !
    1466. 

  1466.         !--- Best fit to mass-weighted fall speeds (V) from rain lookup tables
    1467. 

  1467.         !      for mean diameters (Dr) between 0.45 and 0.675 mm:
    1468. 

  1468.         !      V(Dr)=309.0*Dr**.5185, V in m/s and Dr in m
    1469. 

  1469.         !      RR = PI*1000.*N0r0*309.0*Dr**(4+.5185) = 7.766e12*Dr**4.5185,
    1470. 

  1470.         !        RR in kg/(m**2*s)
    1471. 

  1471.         !      Dr (m) = 1.404e-3*RR**.2213 -> Dr (microns) = 1.404e3*RR**.2213
    1472. 

  1472.         !
    1473. 

  1473.                 INDEXR=INT( 1.404E3*RR**.2213 + .5 )
    1474. 

  1474.                 INDEXR=MAX( MDR4, MIN(INDEXR, MDR5) )
    1475. 

  1475. 

  1476.               ELSE IF (RR .LE. RR_DRmax) THEN
    1477. 

  1477. 

  1478.         !
    1479. 

  1479.         !--- Best fit to mass-weighted fall speeds (V) from rain lookup tables
    1480. 

  1480.         !      for mean diameters (Dr) between 0.675 and 1.0 mm:
    1481. 

  1481.         !      V(Dr)=85.81Dr**.343, V in m/s and Dr in m
    1482. 

  1482.         !      RR = PI*1000.*N0r0*85.81*Dr**(4+.343) = 2.1566e12*Dr**4.343,
    1483. 

  1483.         !        RR in kg/(m**2*s)
    1484. 

  1484.         !      Dr (m) = 1.4457e-3*RR**.2303 -> Dr (microns) = 1.4457e3*RR**.2303
    1485. 

  1485.         !
    1486. 

  1486.                 INDEXR=INT( 1.4457E3*RR**.2303 + .5 )
    1487. 

  1487.                 INDEXR=MAX( MDR5, MIN(INDEXR, MDRmax) )
    1488. 

  1488. 

  1489.                ELSE
    1490. 

  1490. 

  1491.         !--- Assume fixed mean diameter of rain (1.0 mm) for high rain rates,
    1492. 

  1492.                 INDEXR=MDRmax
    1493. 

  1493.               ENDIF              ! End IF (RR .LE. RR_DRmin) etc.
    1494. 

  1494. 

  1495.               VRAIN1=GAMMAR*VRAIN(INDEXR)
    1496. 

  1496.             ENDIF              ! End IF (ARAIN .LE. 0.)
    1497. 

  1497.             INDEXR1=INDEXR     ! For debugging only
    1498. 

  1498.             TOT_RAIN=THICK*QR+BLEND*ARAIN
    1499. 

  1499.             QTRAIN=TOT_RAIN/(THICK+BLDTRH*VRAIN1)
    1500. 

  1500.             PRLOSS=-TOT_RAIN/THICK
    1501. 

  1501.             RQR=RHO*QTRAIN
    1502. 

  1502.    !
    1503. 

  1503.    !--- RQR - time-averaged rain content (kg/m**3)
    1504. 

  1504.    !
    1505. 

  1505.             IF (RQR .LE. RQR_DRmin) THEN
    1506. 

  1506.               N0r=MAX(N0rmin, CN0r_DMRmin*RQR)
    1507. 

  1507.               INDEXR=MDRmin
    1508. 

  1508.             ELSE IF (RQR .GE. RQR_DRmax) THEN
    1509. 

  1509.               N0r=CN0r_DMRmax*RQR
    1510. 

  1510.               INDEXR=MDRmax
    1511. 

  1511.             ELSE
    1512. 

  1512.               N0r=N0r0
    1513. 

  1513.               INDEXR=MAX( XMRmin, MIN(CN0r0*RQR**.25, XMRmax) )
    1514. 

  1514.             ENDIF
    1515. 

  1515.             IF (RQR .LE. EPSQ) THEN
    1516. 

  1516.               VRAIN1=0.
    1517. 

  1517.             ELSE
    1518. 

  1518.               VRAIN1=GAMMAR*VRAIN(INDEXR)
    1519. 

  1519.             ENDIF
    1520. 

  1520.    !
    1521. 

  1521.             IF (TC .LT. T_ICE) THEN
    1522. 

  1522.               PIACR=-PRLOSS
    1523. 

  1523.             ELSE
    1524. 

  1524.               DWVr=WV-PCOND-QSW
    1525. 

  1525.               DUM=QW+PCOND
    1526. 

  1526.               IF (DWVr.LT.0. .AND. DUM.LE.EPSQ) THEN
    1527. 

  1527.       !
    1528. 

  1528.       !--- Rain evaporation
    1529. 

  1529.       !
    1530. 

  1530.       !    * RFACTOR - [GAMMAR**.5]*[Schmidt**(1./3.)]*[(RHO/DYNVIS)**.5],
    1531. 

  1531.       !        where Schmidt (Schmidt Number) =DYNVIS/(RHO*DIFFUS)
    1532. 

  1532.       !
    1533. 

  1533.       !    * Units: RFACTOR - s**.5/m ;  ABW - m**2/s ;  VENTR - m**-2 ;  
    1534. 

  1534.       !             N0r - m**-4 ;  VENTR1 - m**2 ;  VENTR2 - m**3/s**.5 ;
    1535. 

  1535.       !             CREVP - unitless
    1536. 

  1536.       !
    1537. 

  1537.                 RFACTOR=GAMMAR**.5*(RHO/(DIFFUS*DIFFUS*DYNVIS))**C2
    1538. 

  1538.                 ABW=1./(RHO*XLV2/THERM_COND+1./DIFFUS)
    1539. 

  1539.       !
    1540. 

  1540.       !--- Note that VENTR1, VENTR2 lookup tables do not include the 
    1541. 

  1541.       !      1/Davg multiplier as in the ice tables
    1542. 

  1542.       !
    1543. 

  1543.                 VENTR=N0r*(VENTR1(INDEXR)+RFACTOR*VENTR2(INDEXR))
    1544. 

  1544.                 CREVP=ABW*VENTR*DTPH
    1545. 

  1545.                 IF (CREVP .LT. Xratio) THEN
    1546. 

  1546.                   DUM=DWVr*CREVP
    1547. 

  1547.                 ELSE
    1548. 

  1548.                   DUM=DWVr*(1.-EXP(-CREVP*DENOMW))/DENOMW
    1549. 

  1549.                 ENDIF
    1550. 

  1550.                 PREVP=MAX(DUM, PRLOSS)
    1551. 

  1551.               ELSE IF (QW .GT. EPSQ) THEN
    1552. 

  1552.                 FWR=CRACW*GAMMAR*N0r*ACCRR(INDEXR)
    1553. 

  1553.                 PRACW=MIN(.1,FWR)*QW
    1554. 

  1554.               ENDIF           ! End IF (DWVr.LT.0. .AND. DUM.LE.EPSQ)
    1555. 

  1555.       !
    1556. 

  1556.               IF (TC.LT.0. .AND. TCC.LT.0.) THEN
    1557. 

  1557.          !
    1558. 

  1558.          !--- Biggs (1953) heteorogeneous freezing (e.g., Lin et al., 1983)
    1559. 

  1559.          !   - Rescaled mean drop diameter from microns (INDEXR) to mm (DUM) to prevent underflow
    1560. 

  1560.          !
    1561. 

  1561.                 DUM=.001*FLOAT(INDEXR)
    1562. 

  1562.                 DUM=(EXP(ABFR*TC)-1.)*DUM*DUM*DUM*DUM*DUM*DUM*DUM
    1563. 

  1563.                 PIACR=MIN(CBFR*N0r*RRHO*DUM, QTRAIN)
    1564. 

  1564.                 IF (QLICE .GT. EPSQ) THEN
    1565. 

  1565.             !
    1566. 

  1566.             !--- Freezing of rain by collisions w/ large ice
    1567. 

  1567.             !
    1568. 

  1568.                   DUM=VRAIN1      !-- was DUM=GAMMAR*VRAIN(INDEXR)
    1569. 

  1569.                   DUM1=DUM-VSNOW
    1570. 

  1570.             !
    1571. 

  1571.             !--- DUM2 - Difference in spectral fall speeds of rain and
    1572. 

  1572.             !      large ice, parameterized following eq. (48) on p. 112 of 
    1573. 

  1573.             !      Murakami (J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 1990)
    1574. 

  1574.             !
    1575. 

  1575.                   DUM2=(DUM1*DUM1+.04*DUM*VSNOW)**.5
    1576. 

  1576.                   DUM1=5.E-12*INDEXR*INDEXR+2.E-12*INDEXR*INDEXS        &
    1577. 

  1577.      &                 +.5E-12*INDEXS*INDEXS
    1578. 

  1578.                   FIR=MIN(1., CIACR*NLICE*DUM1*DUM2)
    1579. 

  1579.             !
    1580. 

  1580.             !--- Future?  Should COLLECTION BY SMALL ICE SHOULD BE INCLUDED???
    1581. 

  1581.             !
    1582. 

  1582.                   PIACR=MIN(PIACR+FIR*QTRAIN, QTRAIN)
    1583. 

  1583.                 ENDIF        ! End IF (QLICE .GT. EPSQ)
    1584. 

  1584.                 DUM=PREVP-PIACR
    1585. 

  1585.                 If (DUM .LT. PRLOSS) THEN
    1586. 

  1586.                   DUM1=PRLOSS/DUM
    1587. 

  1587.                   PREVP=DUM1*PREVP
    1588. 

  1588.                   PIACR=DUM1*PIACR
    1589. 

  1589.                 ENDIF        ! End If (DUM .LT. PRLOSS)
    1590. 

  1590.               ENDIF          ! End IF (TC.LT.0. .AND. TCC.LT.0.)
    1591. 

  1591.             ENDIF            ! End IF (TC .LT. T_ICE)
    1592. 

  1592.           ENDIF              ! End IF (RAIN_logical) 
    1593. 

  1593. !
    1594. 

  1594. !----------------------------------------------------------------------
    1595. 

  1595. !---------------------- Main Budget Equations -------------------------
    1596. 

  1596. !----------------------------------------------------------------------
    1597. 

  1597. !
    1598. 

  1598. !
    1599. 

  1599. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    1600. 

  1600. !--- Update fields, determine characteristics for next lower layer ----
    1601. 

  1601. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    1602. 

  1602. !
    1603. 

  1603. !--- Carefully limit sinks of cloud water
    1604. 

  1604. !
    1605. 

  1605.           DUM1=PIACW+PRAUT+PRACW-MIN(0.,PCOND)
    1606. 

  1606.           IF (DUM1 .GT. QW) THEN
    1607. 

  1607.             DUM=QW/DUM1
    1608. 

  1608.             PIACW=DUM*PIACW
    1609. 

  1609.             PIACWI=DUM*PIACWI
    1610. 

  1610.             PRAUT=DUM*PRAUT
    1611. 

  1611.             PRACW=DUM*PRACW
    1612. 

  1612.             IF (PCOND .LT. 0.) PCOND=DUM*PCOND
    1613. 

  1613.           ENDIF
    1614. 

  1614.           PIACWR=PIACW-PIACWI          ! TC >= 0C
    1615. 

  1615. !
    1616. 

  1616. !--- QWnew - updated cloud water mixing ratio
    1617. 

  1617. !
    1618. 

  1618.           DELW=PCOND-PIACW-PRAUT-PRACW
    1619. 

  1619.           QWnew=QW+DELW
    1620. 

  1620.           IF (QWnew .LE. EPSQ) QWnew=0.
    1621. 

  1621.           IF (QW.GT.0. .AND. QWnew.NE.0.) THEN
    1622. 

  1622.             DUM=QWnew/QW
    1623. 

  1623.             IF (DUM .LT. TOLER) QWnew=0.
    1624. 

  1624.           ENDIF
    1625. 

  1625. !
    1626. 

  1626. !--- Update temperature and water vapor mixing ratios
    1627. 

  1627. !
    1628. 

  1628.           DELT= XLV1*(PCOND+PIEVP+PICND+PREVP)                          &
    1629. 

  1629.      &         +XLS1*PIDEP+XLF1*(PIACWI+PIACR-PIMLT)
    1630. 

  1630.           Tnew=TK+DELT
    1631. 

  1631. !
    1632. 

  1632.           DELV=-PCOND-PIDEP-PIEVP-PICND-PREVP
    1633. 

  1633.           WVnew=WV+DELV
    1634. 

  1634. !
    1635. 

  1635. !--- Update ice mixing ratios
    1636. 

  1636. !
    1637. 

  1637. !---
    1638. 

  1638. !  * TOT_ICEnew - total mass (small & large) ice after microphysics,
    1639. 

  1639. !                 which is the sum of the total mass of large ice in the 
    1640. 

  1640. !                 current layer and the flux of ice out of the grid box below
    1641. 

  1641. !  * RimeF      - Rime Factor, which is the mass ratio of total (unrimed & 
    1642. 

  1642. !                 rimed) ice mass to the unrimed ice mass (>=1)
    1643. 

  1643. !  * QInew      - updated mixing ratio of total (large & small) ice in layer
    1644. 

  1644. !      -> TOT_ICEnew=QInew*THICK+BLDTRH*QLICEnew*VSNOW
    1645. 

  1645. !        -> But QLICEnew=QInew*FLIMASS, so
    1646. 

  1646. !      -> TOT_ICEnew=QInew*(THICK+BLDTRH*FLIMASS*VSNOW)
    1647. 

  1647. !  * ASNOWnew   - updated accumulation of snow at bottom of grid cell
    1648. 

  1648. !---
    1649. 

  1649. !
    1650. 

  1650.           DELI=0.
    1651. 

  1651.           RimeF=1.
    1652. 

  1652.           IF (ICE_logical) THEN
    1653. 

  1653.             DELI=PIDEP+PIEVP+PIACWI+PIACR-PIMLT
    1654. 

  1654.             TOT_ICEnew=TOT_ICE+THICK*DELI
    1655. 

  1655.             IF (TOT_ICE.GT.0. .AND. TOT_ICEnew.NE.0.) THEN
    1656. 

  1656.               DUM=TOT_ICEnew/TOT_ICE
    1657. 

  1657.               IF (DUM .LT. TOLER) TOT_ICEnew=0.
    1658. 

  1658.             ENDIF
    1659. 

  1659.             IF (TOT_ICEnew .LE. CLIMIT) THEN
    1660. 

  1660.               TOT_ICEnew=0.
    1661. 

  1661.               RimeF=1.
    1662. 

  1662.               QInew=0.
    1663. 

  1663.               ASNOWnew=0.
    1664. 

  1664.             ELSE
    1665. 

  1665.       !
    1666. 

  1666.       !--- Update rime factor if appropriate
    1667. 

  1667.       !
    1668. 

  1668.               DUM=PIACWI+PIACR
    1669. 

  1669.               IF (DUM.LE.EPSQ .AND. PIDEP.LE.EPSQ) THEN
    1670. 

  1670.                 RimeF=RimeF1
    1671. 

  1671.               ELSE
    1672. 

  1672.          !
    1673. 

  1673.          !--- Rime Factor, RimeF = (Total ice mass)/(Total unrimed ice mass)
    1674. 

  1674.          !      DUM1 - Total ice mass, rimed & unrimed
    1675. 

  1675.          !      DUM2 - Estimated mass of *unrimed* ice
    1676. 

  1676.          !
    1677. 

  1677.                 DUM1=TOT_ICE+THICK*(PIDEP+DUM)
    1678. 

  1678.                 DUM2=TOT_ICE/RimeF1+THICK*PIDEP
    1679. 

  1679.                 IF (DUM2 .LE. 0.) THEN
    1680. 

  1680.                   RimeF=RFmax
    1681. 

  1681.                 ELSE
    1682. 

  1682.                   RimeF=MIN(RFmax, MAX(1., DUM1/DUM2) )
    1683. 

  1683.                 ENDIF
    1684. 

  1684.               ENDIF       ! End IF (DUM.LE.EPSQ .AND. PIDEP.LE.EPSQ)
    1685. 

  1685.               QInew=TOT_ICEnew/(THICK+BLDTRH*FLIMASS*VSNOW)
    1686. 

  1686.               IF (QInew .LE. EPSQ) QInew=0.
    1687. 

  1687.               IF (QI.GT.0. .AND. QInew.NE.0.) THEN
    1688. 

  1688.                 DUM=QInew/QI
    1689. 

  1689.                 IF (DUM .LT. TOLER) QInew=0.
    1690. 

  1690.               ENDIF
    1691. 

  1691.               ASNOWnew=BLDTRH*FLIMASS*VSNOW*QInew
    1692. 

  1692.               IF (ASNOW.GT.0. .AND. ASNOWnew.NE.0.) THEN
    1693. 

  1693.                 DUM=ASNOWnew/ASNOW
    1694. 

  1694.                 IF (DUM .LT. TOLER) ASNOWnew=0.
    1695. 

  1695.               ENDIF
    1696. 

  1696.             ENDIF         ! End IF (TOT_ICEnew .LE. CLIMIT)
    1697. 

  1697.           ENDIF           ! End IF (ICE_logical)
    1698. 

  1698. 

  1699. 

  1700. !
    1701. 

  1701. !--- Update rain mixing ratios
    1702. 

  1702. !
    1703. 

  1703. !---
    1704. 

  1704. ! * TOT_RAINnew - total mass of rain after microphysics
    1705. 

  1705. !                 current layer and the input flux of ice from above
    1706. 

  1706. ! * VRAIN2      - time-averaged fall speed of rain in grid and below 
    1707. 

  1707. !                 (with air resistance correction)
    1708. 

  1708. ! * QRnew       - updated rain mixing ratio in layer
    1709. 

  1709. !      -> TOT_RAINnew=QRnew*(THICK+BLDTRH*VRAIN2)
    1710. 

  1710. !  * ARAINnew  - updated accumulation of rain at bottom of grid cell
    1711. 

  1711. !---
    1712. 

  1712. !
    1713. 

  1713.           DELR=PRAUT+PRACW+PIACWR-PIACR+PIMLT+PREVP+PICND
    1714. 

  1714.           TOT_RAINnew=TOT_RAIN+THICK*DELR
    1715. 

  1715.           IF (TOT_RAIN.GT.0. .AND. TOT_RAINnew.NE.0.) THEN
    1716. 

  1716.             DUM=TOT_RAINnew/TOT_RAIN
    1717. 

  1717.             IF (DUM .LT. TOLER) TOT_RAINnew=0.
    1718. 

  1718.           ENDIF
    1719. 

  1719.           IF (TOT_RAINnew .LE. CLIMIT) THEN
    1720. 

  1720.             TOT_RAINnew=0.
    1721. 

  1721.             VRAIN2=0.
    1722. 

  1722.             QRnew=0.
    1723. 

  1723.             ARAINnew=0.
    1724. 

  1724.           ELSE
    1725. 

  1725.    !
    1726. 

  1726.    !--- 1st guess time-averaged rain rate at bottom of grid box
    1727. 

  1727.    !
    1728. 

  1728.             RR=TOT_RAINnew/(DTPH*GAMMAR)
    1729. 

  1729.    !
    1730. 

  1730.    !--- Use same algorithm as above for calculating mean drop diameter
    1731. 

  1731.    !      (IDR, in microns), which is used to estimate the time-averaged
    1732. 

  1732.    !      fall speed of rain drops at the bottom of the grid layer.  This
    1733. 

  1733.    !      isn't perfect, but the alternative is solving a transcendental 
    1734. 

  1734.    !      equation that is numerically inefficient and nasty to program
    1735. 

  1735.    !      (coded in earlier versions of GSMCOLUMN prior to 8-22-01).
    1736. 

  1736.    !
    1737. 

  1737.             IF (RR .LE. RR_DRmin) THEN
    1738. 

  1738.               IDR=MDRmin
    1739. 

  1739.             ELSE IF (RR .LE. RR_DR1) THEN
    1740. 

  1740.               IDR=INT( 1.123E3*RR**.1947 + .5 )
    1741. 

  1741.               IDR=MAX( MDRmin, MIN(IDR, MDR1) )
    1742. 

  1742.             ELSE IF (RR .LE. RR_DR2) THEN
    1743. 

  1743.               IDR=INT( 1.225E3*RR**.2017 + .5 )
    1744. 

  1744.               IDR=MAX( MDR1, MIN(IDR, MDR2) )
    1745. 

  1745.             ELSE IF (RR .LE. RR_DR3) THEN
    1746. 

  1746.               IDR=INT( 1.3006E3*RR**.2083 + .5 )
    1747. 

  1747.               IDR=MAX( MDR2, MIN(IDR, MDR3) )
    1748. 

  1748.             ELSE IF (RR .LE. RR_DR4) THEN
    1749. 

  1749.               IDR=INT( 1.354E3*RR**.2143 + .5 )
    1750. 

  1750.               IDR=MAX( MDR3, MIN(IDR, MDR4) )
    1751. 

  1751.             ELSE IF (RR .LE. RR_DR5) THEN
    1752. 

  1752.               IDR=INT( 1.404E3*RR**.2213 + .5 )
    1753. 

  1753.               IDR=MAX( MDR4, MIN(IDR, MDR5) )
    1754. 

  1754.             ELSE
    1755. 

  1755.               IDR=INT( 1.4457E3*RR**.2303 + .5 )
    1756. 

  1756.               IDR=MAX( MDR5, MIN(IDR, MDRmax) )
    1757. 

  1757.             ENDIF              ! End IF (RR .LE. RR_DRmin)
    1758. 

  1758. !            VRAIN2=GAMMAR*VRAIN(IDR)
    1759. 

  1759.             VRAIN2=.5*(VRAIN1+GAMMAR*VRAIN(IDR))
    1760. 

  1760.             QRnew=TOT_RAINnew/(THICK+BLDTRH*VRAIN2)
    1761. 

  1761.             IF (QRnew .LE. EPSQ) QRnew=0.
    1762. 

  1762.             IF (QR.GT.0. .AND. QRnew.NE.0.) THEN
    1763. 

  1763.               DUM=QRnew/QR
    1764. 

  1764.               IF (DUM .LT. TOLER) QRnew=0.
    1765. 

  1765.             ENDIF
    1766. 

  1766.             ARAINnew=BLDTRH*VRAIN2*QRnew
    1767. 

  1767.             IF (ARAIN.GT.0. .AND. ARAINnew.NE.0.) THEN
    1768. 

  1768.               DUM=ARAINnew/ARAIN
    1769. 

  1769.               IF (DUM .LT. TOLER) ARAINnew=0.
    1770. 

  1770.             ENDIF
    1771. 

  1771.           ENDIF
    1772. 

  1772. !
    1773. 

  1773.           WCnew=QWnew+QRnew+QInew
    1774. 

  1774. !
    1775. 

  1775. !----------------------------------------------------------------------
    1776. 

  1776. !-------------- Begin debugging & verification ------------------------
    1777. 

  1777. !----------------------------------------------------------------------
    1778. 

  1778. !
    1779. 

  1779. !--- QT, QTnew - total water (vapor & condensate) before & after microphysics, resp.
    1780. 

  1780. !
    1781. 

  1781. 

  1782. 

  1783.           QT=THICK*(WV+WC)+ARAIN+ASNOW
    1784. 

  1784.           QTnew=THICK*(WVnew+WCnew)+ARAINnew+ASNOWnew
    1785. 

  1785.           BUDGET=QT-QTnew
    1786. 

  1786. !
    1787. 

  1787. !--- Additional check on budget preservation, accounting for truncation effects
    1788. 

  1788. !
    1789. 

  1789.           DBG_logical=.FALSE.
    1790. 

  1790. !          DUM=ABS(BUDGET)
    1791. 

  1791. !          IF (DUM .GT. TOLER) THEN
    1792. 

  1792. !            DUM=DUM/MIN(QT, QTnew)
    1793. 

  1793. !            IF (DUM .GT. TOLER) DBG_logical=.TRUE.
    1794. 

  1794. !          ENDIF
    1795. 

  1795. !!
    1796. 

  1796. !          DUM=(RHgrd+.001)*QSInew
    1797. 

  1797. !          IF ( (QWnew.GT.EPSQ) .OR. QRnew.GT.EPSQ .OR. WVnew.GT.DUM)
    1798. 

  1798. !     &        .AND. TC.LT.T_ICE )  DBG_logical=.TRUE.
    1799. 

  1799. !
    1800. 

  1800. !          IF (TC.GT.5. .AND. QInew.GT.EPSQ) DBG_logical=.TRUE.
    1801. 

  1801. !
    1802. 

  1802.           IF ((WVnew.LT.EPSQ .OR. DBG_logical) .AND. PRINT_diag) THEN
    1803. 

  1803.    !
    1804. 

  1804.             WRITE(6,"(/2(a,i4),2(a,i2))") '{} i=',I_index,' j=',J_index,&
    1805. 

  1805.      &                                    ' L=',L,' LSFC=',LSFC
    1806. 

  1806.    !
    1807. 

  1807.             ESW=MIN(1000.*FPVS0(Tnew),0.99*PP)
    1808. 

  1808.             QSWnew=EPS*ESW/(PP-ESW)
    1809. 

  1809.             IF (TC.LT.0. .OR. Tnew .LT. 0.) THEN
    1810. 

  1810.               ESI=MIN(1000.*FPVS(Tnew),0.99*PP)
    1811. 

  1811.               QSInew=EPS*ESI/(PP-ESI)
    1812. 

  1812.             ELSE
    1813. 

  1813.               QSI=QSW
    1814. 

  1814.               QSInew=QSWnew
    1815. 

  1815.             ENDIF
    1816. 

  1816.             WSnew=QSInew
    1817. 

  1817.             WRITE(6,"(4(a12,g11.4,1x))")                                   &
    1818. 

  1818.      & '{} TCold=',TC,'TCnew=',Tnew-T0C,'P=',.01*PP,'RHO=',RHO,            &
    1819. 

  1819.      & '{} THICK=',THICK,'RHold=',WV/WS,'RHnew=',WVnew/WSnew,              &
    1820. 

  1820.      &   'RHgrd=',RHgrd,                                                   &
    1821. 

  1821.      & '{} RHWold=',WV/QSW,'RHWnew=',WVnew/QSWnew,'RHIold=',WV/QSI,        &
    1822. 

  1822.      &   'RHInew=',WVnew/QSInew,                                           &
    1823. 

  1823.      & '{} QSWold=',QSW,'QSWnew=',QSWnew,'QSIold=',QSI,'QSInew=',QSInew,   &
    1824. 

  1824.      & '{} WSold=',WS,'WSnew=',WSnew,'WVold=',WV,'WVnew=',WVnew,           &
    1825. 

  1825.      & '{} WCold=',WC,'WCnew=',WCnew,'QWold=',QW,'QWnew=',QWnew,           &
    1826. 

  1826.      & '{} QIold=',QI,'QInew=',QInew,'QRold=',QR,'QRnew=',QRnew,           &
    1827. 

  1827.      & '{} ARAINold=',ARAIN,'ARAINnew=',ARAINnew,'ASNOWold=',ASNOW,        &
    1828. 

  1828.      &   'ASNOWnew=',ASNOWnew,                                             &
    1829. 

  1829.      & '{} TOT_RAIN=',TOT_RAIN,'TOT_RAINnew=',TOT_RAINnew,                 &
    1830. 

  1830.      &   'TOT_ICE=',TOT_ICE,'TOT_ICEnew=',TOT_ICEnew,                      &
    1831. 

  1831.      & '{} BUDGET=',BUDGET,'QTold=',QT,'QTnew=',QTnew                       
    1832. 

  1832.    !
    1833. 

  1833.             WRITE(6,"(4(a12,g11.4,1x))")                                   &
    1834. 

  1834.      & '{} DELT=',DELT,'DELV=',DELV,'DELW=',DELW,'DELI=',DELI,             &
    1835. 

  1835.      & '{} DELR=',DELR,'PCOND=',PCOND,'PIDEP=',PIDEP,'PIEVP=',PIEVP,       &
    1836. 

  1836.      & '{} PICND=',PICND,'PREVP=',PREVP,'PRAUT=',PRAUT,'PRACW=',PRACW,     &
    1837. 

  1837.      & '{} PIACW=',PIACW,'PIACWI=',PIACWI,'PIACWR=',PIACWR,'PIMLT=',       &
    1838. 

  1838.      &    PIMLT,                                                           &
    1839. 

  1839.      & '{} PIACR=',PIACR                                                    
    1840. 

  1840.    !
    1841. 

  1841.             IF (ICE_logical) WRITE(6,"(4(a12,g11.4,1x))")                  &
    1842. 

  1842.      & '{} RimeF1=',RimeF1,'GAMMAS=',GAMMAS,'VrimeF=',VrimeF,              &
    1843. 

  1843.      &   'VSNOW=',VSNOW,                                                   &
    1844. 

  1844.      & '{} INDEXS=',FLOAT(INDEXS),'FLARGE=',FLARGE,'FSMALL=',FSMALL,       &
    1845. 

  1845.      &   'FLIMASS=',FLIMASS,                                               &
    1846. 

  1846.      & '{} XSIMASS=',XSIMASS,'XLIMASS=',XLIMASS,'QLICE=',QLICE,            &
    1847. 

  1847.      &   'QTICE=',QTICE,                                                   &
    1848. 

  1848.      & '{} NLICE=',NLICE,'NSmICE=',NSmICE,'PILOSS=',PILOSS,                &
    1849. 

  1849.      &   'EMAIRI=',EMAIRI,                                                 &
    1850. 

  1850.      & '{} RimeF=',RimeF                                                    
    1851. 

  1851.    !
    1852. 

  1852.             IF (TOT_RAIN.GT.0. .OR. TOT_RAINnew.GT.0.)                     &
    1853. 

  1853.      &        WRITE(6,"(4(a12,g11.4,1x))")                                 &
    1854. 

  1854.      & '{} INDEXR1=',FLOAT(INDEXR1),'INDEXR=',FLOAT(INDEXR),               &
    1855. 

  1855.      &   'GAMMAR=',GAMMAR,'N0r=',N0r,                                      &
    1856. 

  1856.      & '{} VRAIN1=',VRAIN1,'VRAIN2=',VRAIN2,'QTRAIN=',QTRAIN,'RQR=',RQR,   &
    1857. 

  1857.      & '{} PRLOSS=',PRLOSS,'VOLR1=',THICK+BLDTRH*VRAIN1,                   &
    1858. 

  1858.      &   'VOLR2=',THICK+BLDTRH*VRAIN2
    1859. 

  1859.    !
    1860. 

  1860.             IF (PRAUT .GT. 0.) WRITE(6,"(a12,g11.4,1x)") '{} QW0=',QW0
    1861. 

  1861.    !
    1862. 

  1862.             IF (PRACW .GT. 0.) WRITE(6,"(a12,g11.4,1x)") '{} FWR=',FWR
    1863. 

  1863.    !
    1864. 

  1864.             IF (PIACR .GT. 0.) WRITE(6,"(a12,g11.4,1x)") '{} FIR=',FIR
    1865. 

  1865.    !
    1866. 

  1866.             DUM=PIMLT+PICND-PREVP-PIEVP
    1867. 

  1867.             IF (DUM.GT.0. .or. DWVi.NE.0.)                                 &
    1868. 

  1868.      &        WRITE(6,"(4(a12,g11.4,1x))")                                 &
    1869. 

  1869.      & '{} TFACTOR=',TFACTOR,'DYNVIS=',DYNVIS,                             &
    1870. 

  1870.      &   'THERM_CON=',THERM_COND,'DIFFUS=',DIFFUS
    1871. 

  1871.    !
    1872. 

  1872.             IF (PREVP .LT. 0.) WRITE(6,"(4(a12,g11.4,1x))")                &
    1873. 

  1873.      & '{} RFACTOR=',RFACTOR,'ABW=',ABW,'VENTR=',VENTR,'CREVP=',CREVP,     &
    1874. 

  1874.      & '{} DWVr=',DWVr,'DENOMW=',DENOMW
    1875. 

  1875.    !
    1876. 

  1876.             IF (PIDEP.NE.0. .AND. DWVi.NE.0.)                              &
    1877. 

  1877.      &        WRITE(6,"(4(a12,g11.4,1x))")                                 &
    1878. 

  1878.      & '{} DWVi=',DWVi,'DENOMI=',DENOMI,'PIDEP_max=',PIDEP_max,            &
    1879. 

  1879.      &   'SFACTOR=',SFACTOR,                                               &
    1880. 

  1880.      & '{} ABI=',ABI,'VENTIL=',VENTIL,'VENTIL1=',VENTI1(INDEXS),           &
    1881. 

  1881.      &   'VENTIL2=',SFACTOR*VENTI2(INDEXS),                                &
    1882. 

  1882.      & '{} VENTIS=',VENTIS,'DIDEP=',DIDEP
    1883. 

  1883.    !
    1884. 

  1884.             IF (PIDEP.GT.0. .AND. PCOND.NE.0.)                             &
    1885. 

  1885.      &        WRITE(6,"(4(a12,g11.4,1x))")                                 &
    1886. 

  1886.      & '{} DENOMW=',DENOMW,'DENOMWI=',DENOMWI,'DENOMF=',DENOMF,            &
    1887. 

  1887.      &    'DUM2=',PCOND-PIACW
    1888. 

  1888.    !
    1889. 

  1889.             IF (FWS .GT. 0.) WRITE(6,"(4(a12,g11.4,1x))")                  &
    1890. 

  1890.      & '{} FWS=',FWS                     
    1891. 

  1891.    !
    1892. 

  1892.             DUM=PIMLT+PICND-PIEVP
    1893. 

  1893.             IF (DUM.GT. 0.) WRITE(6,"(4(a12,g11.4,1x))")                   &
    1894. 

  1894.      & '{} SFACTOR=',SFACTOR,'VENTIL=',VENTIL,'VENTIL1=',VENTI1(INDEXS),   &
    1895. 

  1895.      &   'VENTIL2=',SFACTOR*VENTI2(INDEXS),                                &
    1896. 

  1896.      & '{} AIEVP=',AIEVP,'DIEVP=',DIEVP,'QSW0=',QSW0,'DWV0=',DWV0       
    1897. 

  1897.    !
    1898. 

  1898.           ENDIF
    1899. 

  1899. 

  1900. 

  1901. !
    1902. 

  1902. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    1903. 

  1903. !--------------- Water budget statistics & maximum values --------------
    1904. 

  1904. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    1905. 

  1905. !
    1906. 

  1906.           IF (PRINT_diag) THEN
    1907. 

  1907.             ITdx=MAX( ITLO, MIN( INT(Tnew-T0C), ITHI ) )
    1908. 

  1908.             IF (QInew .GT. EPSQ) NSTATS(ITdx,1)=NSTATS(ITdx,1)+1
    1909. 

  1909.             IF (QInew.GT.EPSQ  .AND.  QRnew+QWnew.GT.EPSQ)              &
    1910. 

  1910.      &        NSTATS(ITdx,2)=NSTATS(ITdx,2)+1
    1911. 

  1911.             IF (QWnew .GT. EPSQ) NSTATS(ITdx,3)=NSTATS(ITdx,3)+1 
    1912. 

  1912.             IF (QRnew .GT. EPSQ) NSTATS(ITdx,4)=NSTATS(ITdx,4)+1
    1913. 

  1913.   !
    1914. 

  1914.             QMAX(ITdx,1)=MAX(QMAX(ITdx,1), QInew)
    1915. 

  1915.             QMAX(ITdx,2)=MAX(QMAX(ITdx,2), QWnew)
    1916. 

  1916.             QMAX(ITdx,3)=MAX(QMAX(ITdx,3), QRnew)
    1917. 

  1917.             QMAX(ITdx,4)=MAX(QMAX(ITdx,4), ASNOWnew)
    1918. 

  1918.             QMAX(ITdx,5)=MAX(QMAX(ITdx,5), ARAINnew)
    1919. 

  1919.             QTOT(ITdx,1)=QTOT(ITdx,1)+QInew*THICK
    1920. 

  1920.             QTOT(ITdx,2)=QTOT(ITdx,2)+QWnew*THICK
    1921. 

  1921.             QTOT(ITdx,3)=QTOT(ITdx,3)+QRnew*THICK
    1922. 

  1922.   !
    1923. 

  1923.             QTOT(ITdx,4)=QTOT(ITdx,4)+PCOND*THICK
    1924. 

  1924.             QTOT(ITdx,5)=QTOT(ITdx,5)+PICND*THICK
    1925. 

  1925.             QTOT(ITdx,6)=QTOT(ITdx,6)+PIEVP*THICK
    1926. 

  1926.             QTOT(ITdx,7)=QTOT(ITdx,7)+PIDEP*THICK
    1927. 

  1927.             QTOT(ITdx,8)=QTOT(ITdx,8)+PREVP*THICK
    1928. 

  1928.             QTOT(ITdx,9)=QTOT(ITdx,9)+PRAUT*THICK
    1929. 

  1929.             QTOT(ITdx,10)=QTOT(ITdx,10)+PRACW*THICK
    1930. 

  1930.             QTOT(ITdx,11)=QTOT(ITdx,11)+PIMLT*THICK
    1931. 

  1931.             QTOT(ITdx,12)=QTOT(ITdx,12)+PIACW*THICK
    1932. 

  1932.             QTOT(ITdx,13)=QTOT(ITdx,13)+PIACWI*THICK
    1933. 

  1933.             QTOT(ITdx,14)=QTOT(ITdx,14)+PIACWR*THICK
    1934. 

  1934.             QTOT(ITdx,15)=QTOT(ITdx,15)+PIACR*THICK
    1935. 

  1935.   !
    1936. 

  1936.             QTOT(ITdx,16)=QTOT(ITdx,16)+(WVnew-WV)*THICK
    1937. 

  1937.             QTOT(ITdx,17)=QTOT(ITdx,17)+(QWnew-QW)*THICK
    1938. 

  1938.             QTOT(ITdx,18)=QTOT(ITdx,18)+(QInew-QI)*THICK
    1939. 

  1939.             QTOT(ITdx,19)=QTOT(ITdx,19)+(QRnew-QR)*THICK
    1940. 

  1940.             QTOT(ITdx,20)=QTOT(ITdx,20)+(ARAINnew-ARAIN)
    1941. 

  1941.             QTOT(ITdx,21)=QTOT(ITdx,21)+(ASNOWnew-ASNOW)
    1942. 

  1942.             IF (QInew .GT. 0.)                                          &
    1943. 

  1943.      &        QTOT(ITdx,22)=QTOT(ITdx,22)+QInew*THICK/RimeF
    1944. 

  1944.   !
    1945. 

  1945.           ENDIF
    1946. 

  1946. !
    1947. 

  1947. !----------------------------------------------------------------------
    1948. 

  1948. !------------------------- Update arrays ------------------------------
    1949. 

  1949. !----------------------------------------------------------------------
    1950. 

  1950. !
    1951. 

  1951. 

  1952. 

  1953.           T_col(L)=Tnew                           ! Updated temperature
    1954. 

  1954. !
    1955. 

  1955.           QV_col(L)=max(EPSQ, WVnew/(1.+WVnew))   ! Updated specific humidity
    1956. 

  1956.           WC_col(L)=max(EPSQ, WCnew)              ! Updated total condensate mixing ratio
    1957. 

  1957.           QI_col(L)=max(EPSQ, QInew)              ! Updated ice mixing ratio
    1958. 

  1958.           QR_col(L)=max(EPSQ, QRnew)              ! Updated rain mixing ratio
    1959. 

  1959.           QW_col(L)=max(EPSQ, QWnew)              ! Updated cloud water mixing ratio
    1960. 

  1960.           RimeF_col(L)=RimeF                      ! Updated rime factor
    1961. 

  1961.           ASNOW=ASNOWnew                          ! Updated accumulated snow
    1962. 

  1962.           ARAIN=ARAINnew                          ! Updated accumulated rain
    1963. 

  1963. !
    1964. 

  1964. !#######################################################################
    1965. 

  1965. !
    1966. 

  1966. 10      CONTINUE         ! ##### End "L" loop through model levels #####
    1967. 

  1967. 

  1968. 

  1969. !
    1970. 

  1970. !#######################################################################
    1971. 

  1971. !
    1972. 

  1972. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    1973. 

  1973. !--------------------------- Return to GSMDRIVE -----------------------
    1974. 

  1974. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    1975. 

  1975. !
    1976. 

  1976.         CONTAINS
    1977. 

  1977. !#######################################################################
    1978. 

  1978. !--------- Produces accurate calculation of cloud condensation ---------
    1979. 

  1979. !#######################################################################
    1980. 

  1980. !
    1981. 

  1981.       REAL FUNCTION CONDENSE (PP, QW, TK, WV)
    1982. 

  1982. !
    1983. 

  1983. !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    1984. 

  1984. !------   The Asai (1965) algorithm takes into consideration the release of ------
    1985. 

  1985. !------   latent heat in increasing the temperature & in increasing the     ------
    1986. 

  1986. !------   saturation mixing ratio (following the Clausius-Clapeyron eqn.).  ------
    1987. 

  1987. !---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    1988. 

  1988. !
    1989. 

  1989.       IMPLICIT NONE
    1990. 

  1990. !
    1991. 

  1991.       INTEGER, PARAMETER :: HIGH_PRES=Selected_Real_Kind(15)
    1992. 

  1992.       REAL (KIND=HIGH_PRES), PARAMETER ::                               &
    1993. 

  1993.      & RHLIMIT=.001, RHLIMIT1=-RHLIMIT
    1994. 

  1994.       REAL (KIND=HIGH_PRES) :: COND, SSAT, WCdum
    1995. 

  1995. !
    1996. 

  1996.       REAL,INTENT(IN) :: QW,PP,WV,TK
    1997. 

  1997.       REAL WVdum,Tdum,XLV2,DWV,WS,ESW,XLV1,XLV
    1998. 

  1998. integer nsteps
    1999. 

  1999. !
    2000. 

  2000. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    2001. 

  2001. !
    2002. 

  2002. !--- LV (T) is from Bolton (JAS, 1980)
    2003. 

  2003. !
    2004. 

  2004.       XLV=3.148E6-2370.*TK
    2005. 

  2005.       XLV1=XLV*RCP
    2006. 

  2006.       XLV2=XLV*XLV*RCPRV
    2007. 

  2007.       Tdum=TK
    2008. 

  2008.       WVdum=WV
    2009. 

  2009.       WCdum=QW
    2010. 

  2010.       ESW=MIN(1000.*FPVS0(Tdum),0.99*PP)        ! Saturation vapor press w/r/t water
    2011. 

  2011.       WS=RHgrd*EPS*ESW/(PP-ESW)                 ! Saturation mixing ratio w/r/t water
    2012. 

  2012.       DWV=WVdum-WS                              ! Deficit grid-scale water vapor mixing ratio
    2013. 

  2013.       SSAT=DWV/WS                               ! Supersaturation ratio
    2014. 

  2014.       CONDENSE=0.
    2015. 

  2015. nsteps = 0
    2016. 

  2016.       DO WHILE ((SSAT.LT.RHLIMIT1 .AND. WCdum.GT.EPSQ)                  &
    2017. 

  2017.      &           .OR. SSAT.GT.RHLIMIT)
    2018. 

  2018.         nsteps = nsteps + 1
    2019. 

  2019.         COND=DWV/(1.+XLV2*WS/(Tdum*Tdum))       ! Asai (1965, J. Japan)
    2020. 

  2020.         COND=MAX(COND, -WCdum)                  ! Limit cloud water evaporation
    2021. 

  2021.         Tdum=Tdum+XLV1*COND                     ! Updated temperature
    2022. 

  2022.         WVdum=WVdum-COND                        ! Updated water vapor mixing ratio
    2023. 

  2023.         WCdum=WCdum+COND                        ! Updated cloud water mixing ratio
    2024. 

  2024.         CONDENSE=CONDENSE+COND                  ! Total cloud water condensation
    2025. 

  2025.         ESW=MIN(1000.*FPVS0(Tdum),0.99*PP)      ! Updated saturation vapor press w/r/t water
    2026. 

  2026.         WS=RHgrd*EPS*ESW/(PP-ESW)               ! Updated saturation mixing ratio w/r/t water
    2027. 

  2027.         DWV=WVdum-WS                            ! Deficit grid-scale water vapor mixing ratio
    2028. 

  2028.         SSAT=DWV/WS                             ! Grid-scale supersaturation ratio
    2029. 

  2029.       ENDDO
    2030. 

  2030. !
    2031. 

  2031.       END FUNCTION CONDENSE
    2032. 

  2032. !
    2033. 

  2033. !#######################################################################
    2034. 

  2034. !---------------- Calculate ice deposition at T<T_ICE ------------------
    2035. 

  2035. !#######################################################################
    2036. 

  2036. !
    2037. 

  2037.       REAL FUNCTION DEPOSIT (PP, Tdum, WVdum)
    2038. 

  2038. !
    2039. 

  2039. !--- Also uses the Asai (1965) algorithm, but uses a different target
    2040. 

  2040. !      vapor pressure for the adjustment
    2041. 

  2041. !
    2042. 

  2042.       IMPLICIT NONE      
    2043. 

  2043. !
    2044. 

  2044.       INTEGER, PARAMETER :: HIGH_PRES=Selected_Real_Kind(15)
    2045. 

  2045.       REAL (KIND=HIGH_PRES), PARAMETER :: RHLIMIT=.001,                 &
    2046. 

  2046.      & RHLIMIT1=-RHLIMIT
    2047. 

  2047.       REAL (KIND=HIGH_PRES) :: DEP, SSAT
    2048. 

  2048. !    
    2049. 

  2049.       real,INTENT(IN) ::  PP
    2050. 

  2050.       real,INTENT(INOUT) ::  WVdum,Tdum
    2051. 

  2051.       real ESI,WS,DWV
    2052. 

  2052. !
    2053. 

  2053. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    2054. 

  2054. !
    2055. 

  2055.       ESI=MIN(1000.*FPVS(Tdum),0.99*PP)         ! Saturation vapor press w/r/t ice
    2056. 

  2056.       WS=RHgrd*EPS*ESI/(PP-ESI)                 ! Saturation mixing ratio
    2057. 

  2057.       DWV=WVdum-WS                              ! Deficit grid-scale water vapor mixing ratio
    2058. 

  2058.       SSAT=DWV/WS                               ! Supersaturation ratio
    2059. 

  2059.       DEPOSIT=0.
    2060. 

  2060.       DO WHILE (SSAT.GT.RHLIMIT .OR. SSAT.LT.RHLIMIT1)
    2061. 

  2061.    !
    2062. 

  2062.    !--- Note that XLVS2=LS*LV/(CP*RV)=LV*WS/(RV*T*T)*(LS/CP*DEP1), 
    2063. 

  2063.    !     where WS is the saturation mixing ratio following Clausius-
    2064. 

  2064.    !     Clapeyron (see Asai,1965; Young,1993,p.405) 
    2065. 

  2065.    !
    2066. 

  2066.         DEP=DWV/(1.+XLS2*WS/(Tdum*Tdum))        ! Asai (1965, J. Japan)
    2067. 

  2067.         Tdum=Tdum+XLS1*DEP                      ! Updated temperature
    2068. 

  2068.         WVdum=WVdum-DEP                         ! Updated ice mixing ratio
    2069. 

  2069.         DEPOSIT=DEPOSIT+DEP                     ! Total ice deposition
    2070. 

  2070.         ESI=MIN(1000.*FPVS(Tdum),0.99*PP)       ! Updated saturation vapor press w/r/t ice
    2071. 

  2071.         WS=RHgrd*EPS*ESI/(PP-ESI)               ! Updated saturation mixing ratio w/r/t ice
    2072. 

  2072.         DWV=WVdum-WS                            ! Deficit grid-scale water vapor mixing ratio
    2073. 

  2073.         SSAT=DWV/WS                             ! Grid-scale supersaturation ratio
    2074. 

  2074.       ENDDO
    2075. 

  2075. !
    2076. 

  2076.       END FUNCTION DEPOSIT
    2077. 

  2077. !
    2078. 

  2078.       END SUBROUTINE EGCP01COLUMN 
    2079. 

  2079. 

  2080. !#######################################################################
    2081. 

  2081. !------- Initialize constants & lookup tables for microphysics ---------
    2082. 

  2082. !#######################################################################
    2083. 

  2083. !
    2084. 

  2084. 

  2085. ! SH 0211/2002
    2086. 

  2086. 

  2087. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    2088. 

  2088.       SUBROUTINE ETANEWinit (GSMDT,DT,DELX,DELY,LOWLYR,restart,         &
    2089. 

  2089.      &   F_ICE_PHY,F_RAIN_PHY,F_RIMEF_PHY,                              &
    2090. 

  2090.      &   MP_RESTART_STATE,TBPVS_STATE,TBPVS0_STATE,                     &
    2091. 

  2091.      &   ALLOWED_TO_READ,                                               &
    2092. 

  2092.      &   IDS,IDE,JDS,JDE,KDS,KDE,                                       &
    2093. 

  2093.      &   IMS,IME,JMS,JME,KMS,KME,                                       &
    2094. 

  2094.      &   ITS,ITE,JTS,JTE,KTS,KTE                                       )
    2095. 

  2095. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    2096. 

  2096. !-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    2097. 

  2097. !---  SUBPROGRAM DOCUMENTATION BLOCK
    2098. 

  2098. !   PRGRMMR: Ferrier         ORG: W/NP22     DATE: February 2001
    2099. 

  2099. !            Jin             ORG: W/NP22     DATE: January 2002 
    2100. 

  2100. !        (Modification for WRF structure)
    2101. 

  2101. !                                               
    2102. 

  2102. !-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    2103. 

  2103. ! ABSTRACT:
    2104. 

  2104. !   * Reads various microphysical lookup tables used in COLUMN_MICRO
    2105. 

  2105. !   * Lookup tables were created "offline" and are read in during execution
    2106. 

  2106. !   * Creates lookup tables for saturation vapor pressure w/r/t water & ice
    2107. 

  2107. !-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    2108. 

  2108. !     
    2109. 

  2109. ! USAGE: CALL ETANEWinit FROM SUBROUTINE GSMDRIVE AT MODEL START TIME
    2110. 

  2110. !
    2111. 

  2111. !   INPUT ARGUMENT LIST:
    2112. 

  2112. !       DTPH - physics time step (s)
    2113. 

  2113. !  
    2114. 

  2114. !   OUTPUT ARGUMENT LIST: 
    2115. 

  2115. !     NONE
    2116. 

  2116. !     
    2117. 

  2117. !   OUTPUT FILES:
    2118. 

  2118. !     NONE
    2119. 

  2119. !     
    2120. 

  2120. !   SUBROUTINES:
    2121. 

  2121. !     MY_GROWTH_RATES - lookup table for growth of nucleated ice
    2122. 

  2122. !     GPVS            - lookup tables for saturation vapor pressure (water, ice)
    2123. 

  2123. !
    2124. 

  2124. !   UNIQUE: NONE
    2125. 

  2125. !  
    2126. 

  2126. !   LIBRARY: NONE
    2127. 

  2127. !  
    2128. 

  2128. !   COMMON BLOCKS:
    2129. 

  2129. !     CMICRO_CONS - constants used in GSMCOLUMN
    2130. 

  2130. !     CMY600       - lookup table for growth of ice crystals in 
    2131. 

  2131. !                    water saturated conditions (Miller & Young, 1979)
    2132. 

  2132. !     IVENT_TABLES - lookup tables for ventilation effects of ice
    2133. 

  2133. !     IACCR_TABLES - lookup tables for accretion rates of ice
    2134. 

  2134. !     IMASS_TABLES - lookup tables for mass content of ice
    2135. 

  2135. !     IRATE_TABLES - lookup tables for precipitation rates of ice
    2136. 

  2136. !     IRIME_TABLES - lookup tables for increase in fall speed of rimed ice
    2137. 

  2137. !     MAPOT        - Need lat/lon grid resolution
    2138. 

  2138. !     RVENT_TABLES - lookup tables for ventilation effects of rain
    2139. 

  2139. !     RACCR_TABLES - lookup tables for accretion rates of rain
    2140. 

  2140. !     RMASS_TABLES - lookup tables for mass content of rain
    2141. 

  2141. !     RVELR_TABLES - lookup tables for fall speeds of rain
    2142. 

  2142. !     RRATE_TABLES - lookup tables for precipitation rates of rain
    2143. 

  2143. !   
    2144. 

  2144. ! ATTRIBUTES:
    2145. 

  2145. !   LANGUAGE: FORTRAN 90
    2146. 

  2146. !   MACHINE : IBM SP
    2147. 

  2147. !
    2148. 

  2148. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    2149. 

  2149. !
    2150. 

  2150. !
    2151. 

  2151. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    2152. 

  2152.       IMPLICIT NONE
    2153. 

  2153. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    2154. 

  2154. !------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
    2155. 

  2155. !-------------- Parameters & arrays for lookup tables -------------------- 
    2156. 

  2156. !------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
    2157. 

  2157. !
    2158. 

  2158. !--- Common block of constants used in column microphysics
    2159. 

  2159. !
    2160. 

  2160. !WRF
    2161. 

  2161. !     real DLMD,DPHD
    2162. 

  2162. !WRF
    2163. 

  2163. !
    2164. 

  2164. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    2165. 

  2165. !--- Parameters & data statement for local calculations
    2166. 

  2166. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    2167. 

  2167. !
    2168. 

  2168.       INTEGER, PARAMETER :: MDR1=XMR1, MDR2=XMR2, MDR3=XMR3
    2169. 

  2169. !
    2170. 

  2170. !     VARIABLES PASSED IN
    2171. 

  2171.       integer,INTENT(IN) :: IDS,IDE,JDS,JDE,KDS,KDE                     &
    2172. 

  2172.      &                     ,IMS,IME,JMS,JME,KMS,KME                     & 
    2173. 

  2173.      &                     ,ITS,ITE,JTS,JTE,KTS,KTE       
    2174. 

  2174. !WRF
    2175. 

  2175.        INTEGER, DIMENSION(ims:ime,jms:jme),INTENT(INOUT) :: LOWLYR
    2176. 

  2176. !
    2177. 

  2177.       real, INTENT(IN) ::  DELX,DELY
    2178. 

  2178.       real,DIMENSION(*), INTENT(INOUT) :: MP_RESTART_STATE
    2179. 

  2179.       real,DIMENSION(NX), INTENT(INOUT) :: TBPVS_STATE,TBPVS0_STATE
    2180. 

  2180.       real,DIMENSION(ims:ime, kms:kme, jms:jme),INTENT(OUT) ::          &
    2181. 

  2181.      &  F_ICE_PHY,F_RAIN_PHY,F_RIMEF_PHY
    2182. 

  2182.       INTEGER, PARAMETER :: ITLO=-60, ITHI=40
    2183. 

  2183. !     integer,DIMENSION(ITLO:ITHI,4),INTENT(INOUT) :: NSTATS
    2184. 

  2184. !     real,DIMENSION(ITLO:ITHI,5),INTENT(INOUT) :: QMAX
    2185. 

  2185. !     real,DIMENSION(ITLO:ITHI,22),INTENT(INOUT) :: QTOT
    2186. 

  2186. !     real,INTENT(INOUT) :: PRECtot(2),PRECmax(2)
    2187. 

  2187.       real,INTENT(IN) :: DT,GSMDT
    2188. 

  2188.       LOGICAL,INTENT(IN) :: allowed_to_read,restart
    2189. 

  2189. !
    2190. 

  2190. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    2191. 

  2191. !     LOCAL VARIABLES
    2192. 

  2192. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    2193. 

  2193.       REAL :: BBFR,DTPH,PI,DX,Thour_print
    2194. 

  2194.       INTEGER :: I,IM,J,L,K,JTF,KTF,ITF
    2195. 

  2195.       INTEGER :: etampnew_unit1
    2196. 

  2196.       LOGICAL, PARAMETER :: PRINT_diag=.FALSE.
    2197. 

  2197.       LOGICAL :: opened
    2198. 

  2198.       LOGICAL , EXTERNAL      :: wrf_dm_on_monitor
    2199. 

  2199.       CHARACTER*80 errmess
    2200. 

  2200. !
    2201. 

  2201. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    2202. 

  2202. !
    2203. 

  2203.       JTF=MIN0(JTE,JDE-1)
    2204. 

  2204.       KTF=MIN0(KTE,KDE-1)
    2205. 

  2205.       ITF=MIN0(ITE,IDE-1)
    2206. 

  2206. !
    2207. 

  2207.       DO J=JTS,JTF
    2208. 

  2208.       DO I=ITS,ITF
    2209. 

  2209.         LOWLYR(I,J)=1
    2210. 

  2210.       ENDDO
    2211. 

  2211.       ENDDO
    2212. 

  2212. !    
    2213. 

  2213.       IF(.NOT.RESTART)THEN
    2214. 

  2214.         DO J = jts,jte
    2215. 

  2215.         DO K = kts,kte
    2216. 

  2216.         DO I= its,ite
    2217. 

  2217.           F_ICE_PHY(i,k,j)=0.
    2218. 

  2218.           F_RAIN_PHY(i,k,j)=0.
    2219. 

  2219.           F_RIMEF_PHY(i,k,j)=1.
    2220. 

  2220.         ENDDO
    2221. 

  2221.         ENDDO
    2222. 

  2222.         ENDDO
    2223. 

  2223.       ENDIF
    2224. 

  2224. !    
    2225. 

  2225. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    2226. 

  2226.       IF(ALLOWED_TO_READ)THEN
    2227. 

  2227. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    2228. 

  2228. !
    2229. 

  2229.         DX=((DELX)**2+(DELY)**2)**.5/1000.    ! Model resolution at equator (km)
    2230. 

  2230.         DX=MIN(100., MAX(5., DX) )
    2231. 

  2231. !
    2232. 

  2232. !-- Relative humidity threshold for the onset of grid-scale condensation
    2233. 

  2233. !!-- 9/1/01:  Assume the following functional dependence for 5 - 100 km resolution:
    2234. 

  2234. !!       RHgrd=0.90 for dx=100 km, 0.98 for dx=5 km, where
    2235. 

  2235. !        RHgrd=0.90+.08*((100.-DX)/95.)**.5
    2236. 

  2236. !
    2237. 

  2237.         DTPH=MAX(GSMDT*60.,DT)
    2238. 

  2238.         DTPH=NINT(DTPH/DT)*DT
    2239. 

  2239. !
    2240. 

  2240. !--- Create lookup tables for saturation vapor pressure w/r/t water & ice
    2241. 

  2241. !
    2242. 

  2242.         CALL GPVS
    2243. 

  2243. !
    2244. 

  2244. !--- Read in various lookup tables
    2245. 

  2245. !
    2246. 

  2246.         IF ( wrf_dm_on_monitor() ) THEN
    2247. 

  2247.           DO i = 31,99
    2248. 

  2248.             INQUIRE ( i , OPENED = opened )
    2249. 

  2249.             IF ( .NOT. opened ) THEN
    2250. 

  2250.               etampnew_unit1 = i
    2251. 

  2251.               GOTO 2061
    2252. 

  2252.             ENDIF
    2253. 

  2253.           ENDDO
    2254. 

  2254.           etampnew_unit1 = -1
    2255. 

  2255.  2061     CONTINUE
    2256. 

  2256.         ENDIF
    2257. 

  2257. !
    2258. 

  2258.         CALL wrf_dm_bcast_bytes ( etampnew_unit1 , IWORDSIZE )
    2259. 

  2259. !
    2260. 

  2260.         IF ( etampnew_unit1 < 0 ) THEN
    2261. 

  2261.           CALL wrf_error_fatal ( 'module_mp_etanew: ETANEWinit: Can not find '// &
    2262. 

  2262.                                  'unused fortran unit to read in lookup table.' )
    2263. 

  2263.         ENDIF
    2264. 

  2264. !
    2265. 

  2265.         IF ( wrf_dm_on_monitor() ) THEN
    2266. 

  2266.           OPEN(UNIT=etampnew_unit1,FILE="ETAMPNEW_DATA.expanded_rain",  &
    2267. 

  2267.      &        FORM="UNFORMATTED",STATUS="OLD",ERR=9061)
    2268. 

  2268. !
    2269. 

  2269.           READ(etampnew_unit1) VENTR1
    2270. 

  2270.           READ(etampnew_unit1) VENTR2
    2271. 

  2271.           READ(etampnew_unit1) ACCRR
    2272. 

  2272.           READ(etampnew_unit1) MASSR
    2273. 

  2273.           READ(etampnew_unit1) VRAIN
    2274. 

  2274.           READ(etampnew_unit1) RRATE
    2275. 

  2275.           READ(etampnew_unit1) VENTI1
    2276. 

  2276.           READ(etampnew_unit1) VENTI2
    2277. 

  2277.           READ(etampnew_unit1) ACCRI
    2278. 

  2278.           READ(etampnew_unit1) MASSI
    2279. 

  2279.           READ(etampnew_unit1) VSNOWI
    2280. 

  2280.           READ(etampnew_unit1) VEL_RF
    2281. 

  2281.           CLOSE (etampnew_unit1)
    2282. 

  2282.         ENDIF
    2283. 

  2283. !
    2284. 

  2284.         CALL wrf_dm_bcast_bytes ( VENTR1 , size ( VENTR1 ) * RWORDSIZE )
    2285. 

  2285.         CALL wrf_dm_bcast_bytes ( VENTR2 , size ( VENTR2 ) * RWORDSIZE )
    2286. 

  2286.         CALL wrf_dm_bcast_bytes ( ACCRR , size ( ACCRR ) * RWORDSIZE )
    2287. 

  2287.         CALL wrf_dm_bcast_bytes ( MASSR , size ( MASSR ) * RWORDSIZE )
    2288. 

  2288.         CALL wrf_dm_bcast_bytes ( VRAIN , size ( VRAIN ) * RWORDSIZE )
    2289. 

  2289.         CALL wrf_dm_bcast_bytes ( RRATE , size ( RRATE ) * RWORDSIZE )
    2290. 

  2290.         CALL wrf_dm_bcast_bytes ( VENTI1 , size ( VENTI1 ) * RWORDSIZE )
    2291. 

  2291.         CALL wrf_dm_bcast_bytes ( VENTI2 , size ( VENTI2 ) * RWORDSIZE )
    2292. 

  2292.         CALL wrf_dm_bcast_bytes ( ACCRI , size ( ACCRI ) * RWORDSIZE )
    2293. 

  2293.         CALL wrf_dm_bcast_bytes ( MASSI , size ( MASSI ) * RWORDSIZE )
    2294. 

  2294.         CALL wrf_dm_bcast_bytes ( VSNOWI , size ( VSNOWI ) * RWORDSIZE )
    2295. 

  2295.         CALL wrf_dm_bcast_bytes ( VEL_RF , size ( VEL_RF ) * RWORDSIZE )
    2296. 

  2296. !
    2297. 

  2297. !--- Calculates coefficients for growth rates of ice nucleated in water
    2298. 

  2298. !    saturated conditions, scaled by physics time step (lookup table)
    2299. 

  2299. !
    2300. 

  2300.         CALL MY_GROWTH_RATES (DTPH)
    2301. 

  2301. !       CALL MY_GROWTH_RATES (DTPH,MY_GROWTH)
    2302. 

  2302. !
    2303. 

  2303.         PI=ACOS(-1.)
    2304. 

  2304. !
    2305. 

  2305. !--- Constants associated with Biggs (1953) freezing of rain, as parameterized
    2306. 

  2306. !    following Lin et al. (JCAM, 1983) & Reisner et al. (1998, QJRMS).
    2307. 

  2307. !
    2308. 

  2308.         ABFR=-0.66
    2309. 

  2309.         BBFR=100.
    2310. 

  2310.         CBFR=20.*PI*PI*BBFR*RHOL*1.E-21
    2311. 

  2311. !
    2312. 

  2312. !--- CIACW is used in calculating riming rates
    2313. 

  2313. !      The assumed effective collection efficiency of cloud water rimed onto
    2314. 

  2314. !      ice is =0.1 :
    2315. 

  2315. !
    2316. 

  2316.         CIACW=0.1*DTPH*0.25*PI*(1.E5)**C1
    2317. 

  2317. 

  2318. !
    2319. 

  2319. !--- CIACR is used in calculating freezing of rain colliding with large ice
    2320. 

  2320. !      The assumed collection efficiency is 0.5
    2321. 

  2321. !
    2322. 

  2322.         CIACR=0.5*PI*DTPH
    2323. 

  2323. !
    2324. 

  2324. !--- Based on rain lookup tables for mean diameters from 0.05 to 1.0 mm
    2325. 

  2325. !    * Four different functional relationships of mean drop diameter as 
    2326. 

  2326. !      a function of rain rate (RR), derived based on simple fits to 
    2327. 

  2327. !      mass-weighted fall speeds of rain as functions of mean diameter
    2328. 

  2328. !      from the lookup tables.  
    2329. 

  2329. !
    2330. 

  2330.         RR_DRmin=N0r0*RRATE(MDRmin)     ! RR for mean drop diameter of .05 mm
    2331. 

  2331.         RR_DR1=N0r0*RRATE(MDR1)         ! RR for mean drop diameter of .10 mm
    2332. 

  2332.         RR_DR2=N0r0*RRATE(MDR2)         ! RR for mean drop diameter of .20 mm
    2333. 

  2333.         RR_DR3=N0r0*RRATE(MDR3)         ! RR for mean drop diameter of .32 mm
    2334. 

  2334.         RR_DR4=N0r0*RRATE(MDR4)         ! RR for mean drop diameter of .45 mm
    2335. 

  2335.         RR_DR5=N0r0*RRATE(MDR5)         ! RR for mean drop diameter of .675 mm
    2336. 

  2336. !
    2337. 

  2337.         RQR_DRmin=N0r0*MASSR(MDRmin)    ! Rain content for mean drop diameter of .05 mm
    2338. 

  2338. 

  2339. !        RQR_DR1=N0r0*MASSR(MDR1)        ! Rain content for mean drop diameter of .10 mm
    2340. 

  2340. !        RQR_DR2=N0r0*MASSR(MDR2)        ! Rain content for mean drop diameter of .20 mm
    2341. 

  2341. !        RQR_DR3=N0r0*MASSR(MDR3)        ! Rain content for mean drop diameter of .32 mm
    2342. 

  2342. !        RQR_DR4=N0r0*MASSR(MDR4)        ! Rain content for mean drop diameter of .45 mm
    2343. 

  2343. !        RQR_DR5=N0r0*MASSR(MDR5)        ! Rain content for mean drop diameter of .675 mm
    2344. 

  2344. 

  2345.         RQR_DRmax=N0r0*MASSR(MDRmax)    ! Rain content for mean drop diameter of .45 mm
    2346. 

  2346.         C_N0r0=PI*RHOL*N0r0
    2347. 

  2347.         CN0r0=1.E6/C_N0r0**.25
    2348. 

  2348.         CN0r_DMRmin=1./(PI*RHOL*DMRmin**4)
    2349. 

  2349.         CN0r_DMRmax=1./(PI*RHOL*DMRmax**4)
    2350. 

  2350. !
    2351. 

  2351. !--- CRACW is used in calculating collection of cloud water by rain (an
    2352. 

  2352. !      assumed collection efficiency of 0.1)
    2353. 

  2353. !
    2354. 

  2354.         CRACW=0.1*DTPH*0.25*PI
    2355. 

  2355. !
    2356. 

  2356.         ESW0=1000.*FPVS0(T0C)     ! Saturation vapor pressure at 0C
    2357. 

  2357.         RFmax=1.1**Nrime          ! Maximum rime factor allowed
    2358. 

  2358. !
    2359. 

  2359. !------------------------------------------------------------------------
    2360. 

  2360. !--------------- Constants passed through argument list -----------------
    2361. 

  2361. !------------------------------------------------------------------------
    2362. 

  2362. !
    2363. 

  2363. !--- Important parameters for self collection (autoconversion) of 
    2364. 

  2364. !    cloud water to rain. 
    2365. 

  2365. !
    2366. 

  2366. !--- CRAUT is proportional to the rate that cloud water is converted by
    2367. 

  2367. !      self collection to rain (autoconversion rate)
    2368. 

  2368. !
    2369. 

  2369.         CRAUT=1.-EXP(-1.E-3*DTPH)
    2370. 

  2370. !
    2371. 

  2371. !--- QAUT0 is the threshold cloud content for autoconversion to rain 
    2372. 

  2372. !      needed for droplets to reach a diameter of 20 microns (following
    2373. 

  2373. !      Manton and Cotton, 1977; Banta and Hanson, 1987, JCAM)
    2374. 

  2374. !--- QAUT0=1.2567, 0.8378, or 0.4189 g/m**3 for droplet number concentrations
    2375. 

  2375. !          of 300, 200, and 100 cm**-3, respectively
    2376. 

  2376. !
    2377. 

  2377.         QAUT0=PI*RHOL*NCW*(20.E-6)**3/6.
    2378. 

  2378. !
    2379. 

  2379. !--- For calculating snow optical depths by considering bulk density of
    2380. 

  2380. !      snow based on emails from Q. Fu (6/27-28/01), where optical 
    2381. 

  2381. !      depth (T) = 1.5*SWP/(Reff*DENS), SWP is snow water path, Reff 
    2382. 

  2382. !      is effective radius, and DENS is the bulk density of snow.
    2383. 

  2383. !
    2384. 

  2384. !    SWP (kg/m**2)=(1.E-3 kg/g)*SWPrad, SWPrad in g/m**2 used in radiation
    2385. 

  2385. !    T = 1.5*1.E3*SWPrad/(Reff*DENS)
    2386. 

  2386. !  
    2387. 

  2387. !    See derivation for MASSI(INDEXS), note equal to RHO*QSNOW/NSNOW
    2388. 

  2388. !
    2389. 

  2389. !      SDENS=1.5e3/DENS, DENS=MASSI(INDEXS)/[PI*(1.E-6*INDEXS)**3]
    2390. 

  2390. !
    2391. 

  2391.         DO I=MDImin,MDImax
    2392. 

  2392.           SDENS(I)=PI*1.5E-15*FLOAT(I*I*I)/MASSI(I)
    2393. 

  2393.         ENDDO
    2394. 

  2394. !
    2395. 

  2395.         Thour_print=-DTPH/3600.
    2396. 

  2396. 

  2397. ! SH 0211/2002
    2398. 

  2398. !       IF (PRINT_diag) THEN
    2399. 

  2399.        
    2400. 

  2400.       !-------- Total and maximum quantities
    2401. 

  2401.       !
    2402. 

  2402. !         NSTATS=0      ! Microphysical statistics dealing w/ grid-point counts
    2403. 

  2403. !         QMAX=0.       ! Microphysical statistics dealing w/ hydrometeor mass
    2404. 

  2404. !         QTOT=0.       ! Microphysical statistics dealing w/ hydrometeor mass
    2405. 

  2405. !         PRECmax=0.    ! Maximum precip rates (rain, snow) at surface (mm/h)
    2406. 

  2406. !         PRECtot=0.    ! Total precipitation (rain, snow) accumulation at surface
    2407. 

  2407. !       ENDIF
    2408. 

  2408. 

  2409. !wrf
    2410. 

  2410.         IF(.NOT.RESTART)THEN
    2411. 

  2411.           MP_RESTART_STATE(MY_T1:MY_T2)=MY_GROWTH(MY_T1:MY_T2)
    2412. 

  2412.           MP_RESTART_STATE(MY_T2+1)=C1XPVS0
    2413. 

  2413.           MP_RESTART_STATE(MY_T2+2)=C2XPVS0
    2414. 

  2414.           MP_RESTART_STATE(MY_T2+3)=C1XPVS
    2415. 

  2415.           MP_RESTART_STATE(MY_T2+4)=C2XPVS
    2416. 

  2416.           MP_RESTART_STATE(MY_T2+5)=CIACW
    2417. 

  2417.           MP_RESTART_STATE(MY_T2+6)=CIACR
    2418. 

  2418.           MP_RESTART_STATE(MY_T2+7)=CRACW
    2419. 

  2419.           MP_RESTART_STATE(MY_T2+8)=CRAUT
    2420. 

  2420.           TBPVS_STATE(1:NX) =TBPVS(1:NX)
    2421. 

  2421.           TBPVS0_STATE(1:NX)=TBPVS0(1:NX)
    2422. 

  2422.         ENDIF
    2423. 

  2423. 

  2424.       ENDIF  ! Allowed_to_read
    2425. 

  2425. 

  2426.       RETURN
    2427. 

  2427. !
    2428. 

  2428. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    2429. 

  2429. !
    2430. 

  2430. 9061 CONTINUE
    2431. 

  2431.       WRITE( errmess , '(A,I4)' )                                        &
    2432. 

  2432.        'module_mp_etanew: error opening ETAMPNEW_DATA.expanded_rain on unit ' &
    2433. 

  2433.      &, etampnew_unit1
    2434. 

  2434.       CALL wrf_error_fatal(errmess)
    2435. 

  2435. !
    2436. 

  2436. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    2437. 

  2437.       END SUBROUTINE ETANEWinit
    2438. 

  2438. !
    2439. 

  2439.       SUBROUTINE MY_GROWTH_RATES (DTPH)
    2440. 

  2440. !     SUBROUTINE MY_GROWTH_RATES (DTPH,MY_GROWTH)
    2441. 

  2441. !
    2442. 

  2442. !--- Below are tabulated values for the predicted mass of ice crystals
    2443. 

  2443. !    after 600 s of growth in water saturated conditions, based on 
    2444. 

  2444. !    calculations from Miller and Young (JAS, 1979).  These values are
    2445. 

  2445. !    crudely estimated from tabulated curves at 600 s from Fig. 6.9 of
    2446. 

  2446. !    Young (1993).  Values at temperatures colder than -27C were 
    2447. 

  2447. !    assumed to be invariant with temperature.  
    2448. 

  2448. !
    2449. 

  2449. !--- Used to normalize Miller & Young (1979) calculations of ice growth
    2450. 

  2450. !    over large time steps using their tabulated values at 600 s.
    2451. 

  2451. !    Assumes 3D growth with time**1.5 following eq. (6.3) in Young (1993).
    2452. 

  2452. !
    2453. 

  2453.       IMPLICIT NONE
    2454. 

  2454. !
    2455. 

  2455.       REAL,INTENT(IN) :: DTPH
    2456. 

  2456. !
    2457. 

  2457.       REAL  DT_ICE
    2458. 

  2458.       REAL,DIMENSION(35) :: MY_600
    2459. 

  2459. !WRF
    2460. 

  2460. !
    2461. 

  2461. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    2462. 

  2462.       DATA MY_600 /                                                     &
    2463. 

  2463.      & 5.5e-8, 1.4E-7, 2.8E-7, 6.E-7, 3.3E-6,                           & 
    2464. 

  2464.      & 2.E-6, 9.E-7, 8.8E-7, 8.2E-7, 9.4e-7,                            & 
    2465. 

  2465.      & 1.2E-6, 1.85E-6, 5.5E-6, 1.5E-5, 1.7E-5,                         & 
    2466. 

  2466.      & 1.5E-5, 1.E-5, 3.4E-6, 1.85E-6, 1.35E-6,                         & 
    2467. 

  2467.      & 1.05E-6, 1.E-6, 9.5E-7, 9.0E-7, 9.5E-7,                          & 
    2468. 

  2468.      & 9.5E-7, 9.E-7, 9.E-7, 9.E-7, 9.E-7,                              & 
    2469. 

  2469.      & 9.E-7, 9.E-7, 9.E-7, 9.E-7, 9.E-7 /        ! -31 to -35 deg C
    2470. 

  2470. !
    2471. 

  2471. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    2472. 

  2472. !
    2473. 

  2473.       if ( DTPH .ge. 0.0 ) then
    2474. 

  2474.       DT_ICE=(DTPH/600.)**1.5
    2475. 

  2475.       MY_GROWTH=DT_ICE*MY_600*1.e-3     ! Convert from g to kg
    2476. 

  2476.       else
    2477. 

  2477.       my_growth = 0.0
    2478. 

  2478.       endif
    2479. 

  2479. !
    2480. 

  2480. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    2481. 

  2481. !
    2482. 

  2482.       END SUBROUTINE MY_GROWTH_RATES
    2483. 

  2483. !
    2484. 

  2484. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    2485. 

  2485. !---------  Old GFS saturation vapor pressure lookup tables  -----------
    2486. 

  2486. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    2487. 

  2487. !
    2488. 

  2488.       SUBROUTINE GPVS
    2489. 

  2489. !     ******************************************************************
    2490. 

  2490. !$$$  SUBPROGRAM DOCUMENTATION BLOCK
    2491. 

  2491. !                .      .    .
    2492. 

  2492. ! SUBPROGRAM:    GPVS        COMPUTE SATURATION VAPOR PRESSURE TABLE
    2493. 

  2493. !   AUTHOR: N PHILLIPS       W/NP2      DATE: 30 DEC 82
    2494. 

  2494. !
    2495. 

  2495. ! ABSTRACT: COMPUTE SATURATION VAPOR PRESSURE TABLE AS A FUNCTION OF
    2496. 

  2496. !   TEMPERATURE FOR THE TABLE LOOKUP FUNCTION FPVS.
    2497. 

  2497. !   EXACT SATURATION VAPOR PRESSURES ARE CALCULATED IN SUBPROGRAM FPVSX.
    2498. 

  2498. !   THE CURRENT IMPLEMENTATION COMPUTES A TABLE WITH A LENGTH
    2499. 

  2499. !   OF 7501 FOR TEMPERATURES RANGING FROM 180.0 TO 330.0 KELVIN.
    2500. 

  2500. !
    2501. 

  2501. ! PROGRAM HISTORY LOG:
    2502. 

  2502. !   91-05-07  IREDELL
    2503. 

  2503. !   94-12-30  IREDELL             EXPAND TABLE
    2504. 

  2504. !   96-02-19  HONG                ICE EFFECT
    2505. 

  2505. !   01-11-29  JIN                 MODIFIED FOR WRF
    2506. 

  2506. !
    2507. 

  2507. ! USAGE:  CALL GPVS
    2508. 

  2508. !
    2509. 

  2509. ! SUBPROGRAMS CALLED:
    2510. 

  2510. !   (FPVSX)  - INLINABLE FUNCTION TO COMPUTE SATURATION VAPOR PRESSURE
    2511. 

  2511. !
    2512. 

  2512. ! COMMON BLOCKS:
    2513. 

  2513. !   COMPVS   - SCALING PARAMETERS AND TABLE FOR FUNCTION FPVS.
    2514. 

  2514. !
    2515. 

  2515. ! ATTRIBUTES:
    2516. 

  2516. !   LANGUAGE: FORTRAN 90
    2517. 

  2517. !
    2518. 

  2518. !$$$
    2519. 

  2519.       IMPLICIT NONE
    2520. 

  2520.       real :: X,XINC,T
    2521. 

  2521.       integer :: JX
    2522. 

  2522. !----------------------------------------------------------------------
    2523. 

  2523.       XINC=(XMAX-XMIN)/(NX-1)
    2524. 

  2524.       C1XPVS=1.-XMIN/XINC
    2525. 

  2525.       C2XPVS=1./XINC
    2526. 

  2526.       C1XPVS0=1.-XMIN/XINC
    2527. 

  2527.       C2XPVS0=1./XINC
    2528. 

  2528. !
    2529. 

  2529.       DO JX=1,NX
    2530. 

  2530.         X=XMIN+(JX-1)*XINC
    2531. 

  2531.         T=X
    2532. 

  2532.         TBPVS(JX)=FPVSX(T)
    2533. 

  2533.         TBPVS0(JX)=FPVSX0(T)
    2534. 

  2534.       ENDDO
    2535. 

  2535. ! 
    2536. 

  2536.       END SUBROUTINE GPVS
    2537. 

  2537. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    2538. 

  2538. !***********************************************************************
    2539. 

  2539. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    2540. 

  2540.                      REAL   FUNCTION FPVS(T)
    2541. 

  2541. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    2542. 

  2542. !$$$  SUBPROGRAM DOCUMENTATION BLOCK
    2543. 

  2543. !                .      .    .
    2544. 

  2544. ! SUBPROGRAM:    FPVS        COMPUTE SATURATION VAPOR PRESSURE
    2545. 

  2545. !   AUTHOR: N PHILLIPS            W/NP2      DATE: 30 DEC 82
    2546. 

  2546. !
    2547. 

  2547. ! ABSTRACT: COMPUTE SATURATION VAPOR PRESSURE FROM THE TEMPERATURE.
    2548. 

  2548. !   A LINEAR INTERPOLATION IS DONE BETWEEN VALUES IN A LOOKUP TABLE
    2549. 

  2549. !   COMPUTED IN GPVS. SEE DOCUMENTATION FOR FPVSX FOR DETAILS.
    2550. 

  2550. !   INPUT VALUES OUTSIDE TABLE RANGE ARE RESET TO TABLE EXTREMA.
    2551. 

  2551. !   THE INTERPOLATION ACCURACY IS ALMOST 6 DECIMAL PLACES.
    2552. 

  2552. !   ON THE CRAY, FPVS IS ABOUT 4 TIMES FASTER THAN EXACT CALCULATION.
    2553. 

  2553. !   THIS FUNCTION SHOULD BE EXPANDED INLINE IN THE CALLING ROUTINE.
    2554. 

  2554. !
    2555. 

  2555. ! PROGRAM HISTORY LOG:
    2556. 

  2556. !   91-05-07  IREDELL             MADE INTO INLINABLE FUNCTION
    2557. 

  2557. !   94-12-30  IREDELL             EXPAND TABLE
    2558. 

  2558. !   96-02-19  HONG                ICE EFFECT
    2559. 

  2559. !   01-11-29  JIN                 MODIFIED FOR WRF
    2560. 

  2560. !
    2561. 

  2561. ! USAGE:   PVS=FPVS(T)
    2562. 

  2562. !
    2563. 

  2563. !   INPUT ARGUMENT LIST:
    2564. 

  2564. !     T        - REAL TEMPERATURE IN KELVIN
    2565. 

  2565. !
    2566. 

  2566. !   OUTPUT ARGUMENT LIST:
    2567. 

  2567. !     FPVS     - REAL SATURATION VAPOR PRESSURE IN KILOPASCALS (CB)
    2568. 

  2568. !
    2569. 

  2569. ! ATTRIBUTES:
    2570. 

  2570. !   LANGUAGE: FORTRAN 90
    2571. 

  2571. !$$$
    2572. 

  2572.       IMPLICIT NONE
    2573. 

  2573.       real,INTENT(IN) :: T
    2574. 

  2574.       real XJ
    2575. 

  2575.       integer :: JX
    2576. 

  2576. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    2577. 

  2577.       XJ=MIN(MAX(C1XPVS+C2XPVS*T,1.),FLOAT(NX))
    2578. 

  2578.       JX=MIN(XJ,NX-1.)
    2579. 

  2579.       FPVS=TBPVS(JX)+(XJ-JX)*(TBPVS(JX+1)-TBPVS(JX))
    2580. 

  2580. !
    2581. 

  2581.       END FUNCTION FPVS
    2582. 

  2582. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    2583. 

  2583. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    2584. 

  2584.                      REAL FUNCTION FPVS0(T)
    2585. 

  2585. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    2586. 

  2586.       IMPLICIT NONE
    2587. 

  2587.       real,INTENT(IN) :: T
    2588. 

  2588.       real :: XJ1
    2589. 

  2589.       integer :: JX1
    2590. 

  2590. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    2591. 

  2591.       XJ1=MIN(MAX(C1XPVS0+C2XPVS0*T,1.),FLOAT(NX))
    2592. 

  2592.       JX1=MIN(XJ1,NX-1.)
    2593. 

  2593.       FPVS0=TBPVS0(JX1)+(XJ1-JX1)*(TBPVS0(JX1+1)-TBPVS0(JX1))
    2594. 

  2594. !
    2595. 

  2595.       END FUNCTION FPVS0
    2596. 

  2596. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    2597. 

  2597. !***********************************************************************
    2598. 

  2598. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    2599. 

  2599.                     REAL FUNCTION FPVSX(T)
    2600. 

  2600. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    2601. 

  2601. !$$$  SUBPROGRAM DOCUMENTATION BLOCK
    2602. 

  2602. !                .      .    .
    2603. 

  2603. ! SUBPROGRAM:    FPVSX       COMPUTE SATURATION VAPOR PRESSURE
    2604. 

  2604. !   AUTHOR: N PHILLIPS            W/NP2      DATE: 30 DEC 82
    2605. 

  2605. !
    2606. 

  2606. ! ABSTRACT: EXACTLY COMPUTE SATURATION VAPOR PRESSURE FROM TEMPERATURE.
    2607. 

  2607. !   THE WATER MODEL ASSUMES A PERFECT GAS, CONSTANT SPECIFIC HEATS
    2608. 

  2608. !   FOR GAS AND LIQUID, AND NEGLECTS THE VOLUME OF THE LIQUID.
    2609. 

  2609. !   THE MODEL DOES ACCOUNT FOR THE VARIATION OF THE LATENT HEAT
    2610. 

  2610. !   OF CONDENSATION WITH TEMPERATURE.  THE ICE OPTION IS NOT INCLUDED.
    2611. 

  2611. !   THE CLAUSIUS-CLAPEYRON EQUATION IS INTEGRATED FROM THE TRIPLE POINT
    2612. 

  2612. !   TO GET THE FORMULA
    2613. 

  2613. !       PVS=PSATK*(TR**XA)*EXP(XB*(1.-TR))
    2614. 

  2614. !   WHERE TR IS TTP/T AND OTHER VALUES ARE PHYSICAL CONSTANTS
    2615. 

  2615. !   THIS FUNCTION SHOULD BE EXPANDED INLINE IN THE CALLING ROUTINE.
    2616. 

  2616. !
    2617. 

  2617. ! PROGRAM HISTORY LOG:
    2618. 

  2618. !   91-05-07  IREDELL             MADE INTO INLINABLE FUNCTION
    2619. 

  2619. !   94-12-30  IREDELL             EXACT COMPUTATION
    2620. 

  2620. !   96-02-19  HONG                ICE EFFECT 
    2621. 

  2621. !   01-11-29  JIN                 MODIFIED FOR WRF
    2622. 

  2622. !
    2623. 

  2623. ! USAGE:   PVS=FPVSX(T)
    2624. 

  2624. ! REFERENCE:   EMANUEL(1994),116-117
    2625. 

  2625. !
    2626. 

  2626. !   INPUT ARGUMENT LIST:
    2627. 

  2627. !     T        - REAL TEMPERATURE IN KELVIN
    2628. 

  2628. !
    2629. 

  2629. !   OUTPUT ARGUMENT LIST:
    2630. 

  2630. !     FPVSX    - REAL SATURATION VAPOR PRESSURE IN KILOPASCALS (CB)
    2631. 

  2631. !
    2632. 

  2632. ! ATTRIBUTES:
    2633. 

  2633. !   LANGUAGE: FORTRAN 90
    2634. 

  2634. !$$$
    2635. 

  2635.       IMPLICIT NONE
    2636. 

  2636. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    2637. 

  2637.        real, parameter :: TTP=2.7316E+2,HVAP=2.5000E+6,PSAT=6.1078E+2   &
    2638. 

  2638.       ,         CLIQ=4.1855E+3,CVAP= 1.8460E+3                          &
    2639. 

  2639.       ,         CICE=2.1060E+3,HSUB=2.8340E+6
    2640. 

  2640. !
    2641. 

  2641.       real, parameter :: PSATK=PSAT*1.E-3
    2642. 

  2642.       real, parameter :: DLDT=CVAP-CLIQ,XA=-DLDT/RV,XB=XA+HVAP/(RV*TTP)
    2643. 

  2643.       real, parameter :: DLDTI=CVAP-CICE                                &
    2644. 

  2644.       ,                  XAI=-DLDTI/RV,XBI=XAI+HSUB/(RV*TTP)
    2645. 

  2645.       real T,TR
    2646. 

  2646. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    2647. 

  2647.       TR=TTP/T
    2648. 

  2648. !
    2649. 

  2649.       IF(T.GE.TTP)THEN
    2650. 

  2650.         FPVSX=PSATK*(TR**XA)*EXP(XB*(1.-TR))
    2651. 

  2651.       ELSE
    2652. 

  2652.         FPVSX=PSATK*(TR**XAI)*EXP(XBI*(1.-TR))
    2653. 

  2653.       ENDIF
    2654. 

  2654. ! 
    2655. 

  2655.       END FUNCTION FPVSX
    2656. 

  2656. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    2657. 

  2657. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    2658. 

  2658.                  REAL   FUNCTION FPVSX0(T)
    2659. 

  2659. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    2660. 

  2660.       IMPLICIT NONE
    2661. 

  2661.       real,parameter :: TTP=2.7316E+2,HVAP=2.5000E+6,PSAT=6.1078E+2     &
    2662. 

  2662.       ,         CLIQ=4.1855E+3,CVAP=1.8460E+3                           &
    2663. 

  2663.       ,         CICE=2.1060E+3,HSUB=2.8340E+6
    2664. 

  2664.       real,PARAMETER :: PSATK=PSAT*1.E-3
    2665. 

  2665.       real,PARAMETER :: DLDT=CVAP-CLIQ,XA=-DLDT/RV,XB=XA+HVAP/(RV*TTP)
    2666. 

  2666.       real,PARAMETER :: DLDTI=CVAP-CICE                                 &
    2667. 

  2667.       ,                 XAI=-DLDT/RV,XBI=XA+HSUB/(RV*TTP)
    2668. 

  2668.       real :: T,TR
    2669. 

  2669. !-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    2670. 

  2670.       TR=TTP/T
    2671. 

  2671.       FPVSX0=PSATK*(TR**XA)*EXP(XB*(1.-TR))
    2672. 

  2672. !
    2673. 

  2673.       END FUNCTION FPVSX0
    2674. 

  2674. !
    2675. 

  2675.       END MODULE module_mp_etanew
    2676. 

  2676.